CN108489811B - Multidirectional automatic equal-proportion stretching or compressing device - Google Patents
Multidirectional automatic equal-proportion stretching or compressing device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及材料拉伸或压缩处理技术领域，具体的说是一种多向自动等比例拉伸或压缩装置，设有工作台、动作分解机构，其特征在于所述动作分解机构由动作分解驱动盘、连杆、物料承载台组成，动作分解驱动盘经轴承固定在工作台上，并由工作台下方的电动机经减速器减速后驱动转动，动作分解驱动盘上设有由两个以上的铰链孔组成的铰链孔阵列，其中铰链孔中心到驱动盘中心的距离为Rn；本发明与现有技术相比，针对拉伸过程中载荷越到后来越大的特点，实现了等驱动力的情况下，随拉伸进行输出能力不断增大，锲合拉伸工作特点，确保采用较小功率输入便可全程满足，最大程度节约设备成本、减小功率占用和节能。The invention relates to the technical field of material stretching or compression processing. Specifically, it is a multi-directional automatic equal-proportion stretching or compression device, which is provided with a workbench and an action decomposition mechanism. It is characterized in that the action decomposition mechanism is driven by action decomposition. It is composed of a plate, a connecting rod and a material carrying platform. The action decomposition drive plate is fixed on the workbench through bearings and is driven to rotate by the motor under the workbench after being decelerated by the reducer. The action decomposition drive plate is equipped with more than two hinges. A hinge hole array composed of holes, in which the distance from the center of the hinge hole to the center of the drive plate is R n ; compared with the existing technology, the present invention realizes equal driving force in view of the characteristics that the load increases during the stretching process. Under such circumstances, the output capacity continues to increase as the stretching progresses, and the stretching working characteristics are combined to ensure that the entire process can be satisfied with a smaller power input, maximizing equipment cost savings, power consumption reduction and energy saving.
Description
技术领域：Technical areas:
本发明涉及材料拉伸或压缩处理技术领域，具体的说是一种结构合理、操作简便、适应性广，特别适用于土木或机械领域中材料拉伸测试以及其他需求的多向、等比例均匀拉伸/压缩材料的多向自动等比例拉伸或压缩装置。The present invention relates to the technical field of material tensile or compression processing. Specifically, it is a multi-directional, equal-proportion and uniform device with reasonable structure, easy operation and wide adaptability. It is especially suitable for material tensile testing and other requirements in the civil or mechanical fields. Multi-directional automatic equal proportion stretching or compression device for stretching/compressing materials.
背景技术：Background technique:
在土木、机械领域中，对材料进行拉伸测试及其它处理时，往往需要对材料进行多向、等比例均匀拉伸、压缩处理。现阶段，对材料的拉伸/压缩处理全部使用自动化控制设备，而自动化控制设备成本高、环境耐受性差(对粉尘、潮湿、大温差等耐受性都非常敏感)、操作复杂、不能控制驱动力以适应实际工作中的变载规律、不能适应不同维数工况。In the fields of civil engineering and machinery, when conducting tensile tests and other treatments on materials, it is often necessary to perform multi-directional and equal-proportion uniform stretching and compression on the materials. At present, all materials are stretched/compressed using automated control equipment. However, automated control equipment is costly, has poor environmental tolerance (very sensitive to dust, moisture, large temperature differences, etc.), is complex to operate, and cannot be controlled. The driving force is to adapt to the variable load laws in actual work and cannot adapt to different dimensional working conditions.
发明内容：Contents of the invention:
本发明针对现有技术中存在的缺点和不足，提出了一种结构合理、操作简便，采用纯机械传动方式，方便可靠地实现了任意维度等距、等速拉伸、压缩工作的多向自动等比例拉伸或压缩装置。In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-directional automatic multi-directional automatic transmission machine with reasonable structure, simple operation and purely mechanical transmission mode that can realize equidistant and constant-speed stretching and compression work in any dimension conveniently and reliably. Equally proportional stretching or compression device.
本发明可以通过以下措施达到：The present invention can be achieved through the following measures:
一种多向自动等比例拉伸或压缩装置，设有工作台、动作分解机构，其特征在于所述动作分解机构由动作分解驱动盘、连杆、物料承载台组成，动作分解驱动盘经轴承固定在工作台上，并由工作台下方的电动机经减速器减速后驱动转动，动作分解驱动盘上设有由两个以上的铰链孔组成的铰链孔阵列，其中铰链孔中心到驱动盘中心的距离为Rn；动作分解驱动盘的上方设有物料承载台及用于驱动物料承载台靠近或远离动作分解驱动盘中心的驱动机构，其中物料承载台至少设有两块，两块以上的物料承载台分别经驱动机构支撑设置在动作分解驱动盘的上方，且两块以上的物料承载台绕动作分解驱动盘的中心均匀布置；每块物料承载台上均设有物料夹具以及铰链孔，物料承载台的铰链孔的位置由公式R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn确定；其中L为连杆长度；S为需要行程长度；n为对应维数；连杆通过销轴、轴承两端分别安装连接到动作分解驱动盘和承载台上的铰链孔中，所述驱动机构由滑块、直线导轨、直线导轨控制电路组成，其中物料承载台底部设有滑块，滑块与工作台上的直线导轨相连接，使物料承载台沿导轨做直线运动，直线导轨的中心线过动作分解驱动盘中心。A multi-directional automatic equal-proportion stretching or compression device is provided with a workbench and an action decomposition mechanism. It is characterized in that the action decomposition mechanism is composed of an action decomposition drive plate, a connecting rod, and a material bearing platform. The action decomposition drive plate passes through a bearing. It is fixed on the workbench and is driven to rotate by the motor under the workbench after being decelerated by the reducer. The action decomposition drive plate is equipped with a hinge hole array composed of more than two hinge holes. The distance from the center of the hinge hole to the center of the drive plate is The distance is R n ; there is a material bearing platform above the action decomposition drive plate and a driving mechanism for driving the material bearing platform close to or away from the center of the action decomposition drive plate. The material bearing platform is provided with at least two pieces and more than two pieces of materials. The load-bearing platforms are respectively supported by the driving mechanism and set above the action decomposition drive plate, and more than two material load-bearing platforms are evenly arranged around the center of the action decomposition drive plate; each material load-bearing platform is equipped with a material clamp and a hinge hole, and the material The position of the hinge hole of the bearing platform is determined by the formula R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/...Ln=S1/S2/...Sn; where L is the length of the connecting rod; S is the required stroke length; n is the corresponding dimension; the connecting rod is installed and connected to the action decomposition drive plate and the hinge hole on the bearing platform through pins and bearings at both ends. The drive mechanism is composed of a slider, a linear guide rail, and a linear guide rail control circuit, where There is a slider at the bottom of the material bearing platform. The slider is connected to the linear guide rail on the workbench, allowing the material bearing platform to move linearly along the guide rail. The center line of the linear guide rail decomposes the center of the drive plate.
本发明所述物料承载台的背面开设铰链孔，物料承载台设置在动作分解驱动盘的上方，连杆连接在物料承载台与动作分解驱动盘之间，其中连杆的一端固定在动作分解驱动盘上的铰链孔上，另一端固定在物料承载台背面的铰链孔内；两块以上的物料承载台的形状相同，均具有内收的锥形前端，便于应用于多维拉伸机构时，降低相邻的物料承载台运动路径互相阻挡。A hinge hole is provided on the back of the material bearing platform of the present invention. The material bearing platform is arranged above the action decomposition drive plate. The connecting rod is connected between the material bearing platform and the action decomposition drive plate. One end of the connecting rod is fixed on the action decomposition drive plate. on the hinge hole on the plate, and the other end is fixed in the hinge hole on the back of the material bearing platform; two or more material bearing platforms have the same shape, and both have tapered front ends that are retracted, which is convenient for lowering when used in multi-dimensional stretching mechanisms. The movement paths of adjacent material carrying platforms block each other.
本发明所述物料承载台上设有平直的槽型且内带压板的夹具，夹具主体上开设固定槽，并设有螺钉孔，固定槽内设有压板，当物料放置在固定槽内，采用压板压紧物料，然后通过螺钉完成固定。The material carrying platform of the present invention is provided with a straight groove-shaped clamp with a pressure plate inside. A fixing groove is provided on the main body of the clamp and is provided with a screw hole. A pressure plate is provided in the fixed groove. When the material is placed in the fixed groove, Use a pressure plate to compress the material, and then fix it with screws.
本发明所述动作分解驱动盘、连杆、承载台导轨组成的曲柄滑块机构，在各方向所需速度、行程不同时采取参数比例相关配置R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn，灵活准确地满足不同行程工作；具体是先由所需工作维数确定动作分解驱动盘上铰链孔的列数，再由各向行程通过公式计算出Rn和L，进而算出承载台铰链孔位置。The action of the present invention decomposes the crank slider mechanism composed of a driving plate, a connecting rod, and a bearing platform guide rail. When the required speed and stroke in each direction are different, a parameter ratio-related configuration R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/ is adopted. ...Ln=S1/S2/...Sn, which can flexibly and accurately meet different stroke operations; specifically, the number of columns of hinge holes on the action decomposition drive plate is first determined by the required working dimension, and then the strokes in each direction are determined by the formula Calculate Rn and L, and then calculate the position of the hinge hole of the bearing platform.
本发明优先制备三、四列孔的两种动作分解驱动盘，根据模拟测试绝大多数工况都可以用三、四维工作台替代完成；工作台上对应制作物料承载台安装孔，物料承载台上设有用于固定待处理物料的夹具，同时设有对应直线导轨机构，直线导轨机构延动作分解驱动盘上铰链孔列方向分布。The present invention gives priority to preparing two-action decomposition drive disks with three or four rows of holes. According to the simulation test, most working conditions can be completed by using a three- or four-dimensional workbench; the workbench corresponds to the production of mounting holes for the material carrying platform and the material carrying platform. There is a clamp for fixing the materials to be processed, and a corresponding linear guide mechanism. The linear guide mechanism is distributed along the direction of the hinge hole row on the decomposition drive plate.
本发明还设有电气控制机构，由按键、电动机开/闭控制电路、限位开关组成，其中电动机开/闭控制电路与电动机相连接。The invention is also provided with an electrical control mechanism, which is composed of a button, a motor opening/closing control circuit and a limit switch, wherein the motor opening/closing control circuit is connected to the motor.
本发明采用一套电动机驱动、减速器传动，带动动作分解驱动盘转动，动作分解驱动盘上根据动作所需维数制作铰链孔，对应数量的承载台上按需要尺寸及精度制作铰链孔，承载台与工作台之间经直线导轨支撑并连接；电机通过减速器带动动作分解驱动盘转动使驱动盘通过铰链、连杆带动承载台沿导轨滑动实现稳定、同步的运动，测试或加工的零件通过对应的夹具安装在承载台上；动作分解驱动盘有两个作用：一是将一个动作任意分解成需要的几个动作，这是自动化设备不能做到的却是拉伸测试、自动化抓取、包装整形、钣金件和塑料件内外成型、夹具等领域一直需求的；二是驱动盘输出力有拟合加工载荷规律曲线的作用，也就是随着拉伸挤压程度加深负载越来越大，自动化设备及传统设备只能靠极大地增加设备闲余功率来保证极限载荷需求，极大地增加成本，占用供电系统功率空间。而驱动盘连杆组成的曲柄滑块机构中，随驱动盘转动，曲柄连杆之间角度不断变化，在曲柄输出不变的情况下，连杆获得的推力不断增加，且输出增加速度大于载荷增加速度，因而在匹配功率的配置情况下就能极好的完成工作。The invention uses a set of motor drive and reducer transmission to drive the action decomposition drive plate to rotate. The action decomposition drive plate is made with hinge holes according to the dimensions required for the action. The hinge holes are made according to the required size and accuracy on the corresponding number of bearing platforms to carry the load. The table and the workbench are supported and connected by linear guide rails; the motor drives the action through the reducer to decompose the rotation of the drive plate, so that the drive plate drives the bearing table to slide along the guide rail through hinges and connecting rods to achieve stable and synchronous movement, and the parts to be tested or processed pass through The corresponding fixture is installed on the bearing platform; the action decomposition drive disk has two functions: one is to arbitrarily decompose an action into several required actions. This is something that automated equipment cannot do, but it is tensile testing, automated grabbing, It has always been in demand in the fields of packaging shaping, sheet metal parts and plastic parts internal and external molding, fixtures and other fields; secondly, the output force of the drive plate has the function of fitting the processing load law curve, that is, as the degree of stretching and extrusion deepens, the load becomes larger and larger. , automation equipment and traditional equipment can only meet the extreme load demand by greatly increasing the equipment's spare power, which greatly increases the cost and takes up the power space of the power supply system. In the crank-slider mechanism composed of drive plate and connecting rods, as the drive plate rotates, the angle between the crank and connecting rods continues to change. When the crank output remains unchanged, the thrust obtained by the connecting rods continues to increase, and the output increases faster than the load. Increased speed, so the job can be done extremely well in a configuration that matches the power.
本发明与现有技术相比，采用唯一运动输入源同步分化成多维动作，确定所有动作同步、准确无误；本装置针对拉伸过程中载荷越到后来越大的特点，装置也实现了等驱动力的情况下，随拉伸进行输出能力不断增大，锲合拉伸工作特点，确保采用较小功率输入便可全程满足，最大程度节约设备成本、减小功率占用和节能。Compared with the existing technology, this invention uses a single motion input source to synchronously differentiate into multi-dimensional actions to ensure that all actions are synchronized and accurate; in view of the characteristics of the load being larger during the stretching process, the device also realizes equal drive Under the condition of increasing force, the output capacity continues to increase with stretching, and the characteristics of the stretching work are combined to ensure that the entire process can be satisfied with a smaller power input, thereby maximizing equipment cost savings, power consumption reduction and energy saving.
附图说明：Picture description:
附图1是本发明的俯视图。Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention.
附图2是本发明的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
附图3是本发明二维拉伸结构中收缩极限示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the shrinkage limit in the two-dimensional tensile structure of the present invention.
附图4是本发明二维拉伸结构中伸张极限示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the stretching limit in the two-dimensional tensile structure of the present invention.
附图5是本发明四维拉伸机构的收缩极限示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the shrinkage limit of the four-dimensional stretching mechanism of the present invention.
附图6是本发明中拉伸比例为1:1的机构运动简图。Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the mechanism with a stretching ratio of 1:1 in the present invention.
附图7是本发明中拉伸比例为1:2的机构运动简图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the mechanism with a stretching ratio of 1:2 in the present invention.
附图8是本发明中拉伸比例为3:4的机构运动简图。Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the mechanism with a stretching ratio of 3:4 in the present invention.
附图标记：1、工作台2、导轨3、导轨滑块4、连杆5、动作分解驱动盘6、承载台7、夹具8、销轴9、减速器10电动机。Reference signs: 1. Workbench 2, guide rail 3, guide rail slider 4, connecting rod 5, action decomposition drive plate 6, bearing platform 7, clamp 8, pin 9, reducer 10 motor.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
如附图所示，本发明提出了一种多向自动等比例拉伸或压缩装置，设有工作台1、动作分解机构，其特征在于所述动作分解机构由动作分解驱动盘5、连杆4组成，动作分解驱动盘5经轴承固定在工作台1上，并由工作台1下方的电动机10经减速器9减速后驱动转动，动作分解驱动盘5上设有由两个以上的铰链孔组成的铰链孔阵列，其中铰链孔中心到驱动盘中心的距离为Rn；动作分解驱动盘5的上方设有物料承载台8及用于驱动物料承载台8靠近或远离动作分解驱动盘5中心的驱动机构，其中物料承载台8至少设有两块，两块以上的物料承载台8分别经驱动机构支撑设置在动作分解驱动盘5的上方，且两块以上的物料承载台8绕动作分解驱动盘5的中心均匀布置；每块物料承载台8上均设有物料夹具7以及铰链孔，物料承载台8的铰链孔的位置由公式R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn确定；其中L为连杆长度；S为需要行程长度；n为对应维数；连杆4通过销轴、轴承两端分别安装连接到动作分解驱动盘5和承载台8上的铰链孔中，所述驱动机构由滑块、直线导轨、直线导轨控制电路组成，其中物料承载台底部设有滑块，滑块与工作台1上的直线导轨相连接，使物料承载台沿导轨做直线运动，直线导轨的中心线过动作分解驱动盘中心。As shown in the accompanying drawings, the present invention proposes a multi-directional automatic proportional stretching or compression device, which is provided with a workbench 1 and an action decomposition mechanism. It is characterized in that the action decomposition mechanism consists of an action decomposition drive plate 5 and a connecting rod. Composed of 4, the action decomposition drive plate 5 is fixed on the workbench 1 through bearings, and is driven to rotate by the motor 10 under the workbench 1 after being decelerated by the reducer 9. The action decomposition drive plate 5 is provided with more than two hinge holes. The hinge hole array is composed of a hinge hole array, in which the distance from the center of the hinge hole to the center of the drive plate is R n ; a material bearing platform 8 is provided above the action decomposition drive plate 5 and is used to drive the material bearing platform 8 close to or away from the center of the action decomposition drive plate 5 A driving mechanism, in which the material carrying platform 8 is provided with at least two pieces. The two or more material carrying platforms 8 are respectively supported by the driving mechanism and are arranged above the action decomposition drive plate 5, and the two or more material carrying platforms 8 revolve around the action decomposition driving mechanism. The center of the driving plate 5 is evenly arranged; each material carrying platform 8 is provided with a material clamp 7 and a hinge hole. The position of the hinge hole of the material carrying platform 8 is determined by the formula R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/. ..Ln=S1/S2/...Sn is determined; where L is the length of the connecting rod; S is the required stroke length; n is the corresponding dimension; connecting rod 4 is installed and connected to the action decomposition drive through pins and bearings at both ends. In the hinge holes on the tray 5 and the bearing platform 8, the driving mechanism is composed of a slider, a linear guide rail, and a linear guide rail control circuit. A slider is provided at the bottom of the material bearing platform, and the slider is in contact with the linear guide rail on the workbench 1. The connection makes the material carrying platform move linearly along the guide rail, and the center line of the linear guide rail decomposes the center of the drive plate.
本发明所述物料承载台的背面开设铰链孔，物料承载台设置在动作分解驱动盘的上方，连杆连接在物料承载台与动作分解驱动盘之间，其中连杆的一端固定在动作分解驱动盘上的铰链孔上，另一端固定在物料承载台背面的铰链孔内；两块以上的物料承载台的形状相同，均具有内收的锥形前端，便于应用于多维拉伸机构时，降低相邻的物料承载台运动路径互相阻挡。A hinge hole is provided on the back of the material bearing platform of the present invention. The material bearing platform is arranged above the action decomposition drive plate. A connecting rod is connected between the material bearing platform and the action decomposition drive plate. One end of the connecting rod is fixed on the action decomposition drive plate. on the hinge hole on the plate, and the other end is fixed in the hinge hole on the back of the material bearing platform; two or more material bearing platforms have the same shape, and both have tapered front ends that are retracted, which is convenient for lowering when used in multi-dimensional stretching mechanisms. The movement paths of adjacent material carrying platforms block each other.
本发明所述物料承载台上设有平直的槽型且内带压板的夹具，夹具主体上开设固定槽，并设有螺钉孔，固定槽内设有压板，当物料放置在固定槽内，采用压板压紧物料，然后通过螺钉紧固。The material carrying platform of the present invention is provided with a straight groove-shaped clamp with a pressure plate inside. A fixing groove is provided on the main body of the clamp and is provided with a screw hole. A pressure plate is provided in the fixed groove. When the material is placed in the fixed groove, Use a pressure plate to compress the material, and then tighten it with screws.
本发明所述动作分解驱动盘、连杆、承载台导轨组成的曲柄滑块机构，在各方向所需速度、行程不同时采取参数比例相关配置R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn，灵活准确地满足不同行程工作；具体是先由所需工作维数确定动作分解驱动盘上铰链孔的列数，再由各向行程通过公式计算出Rn和L，进而算出承载台铰链孔位置。The action of the present invention decomposes the crank slider mechanism composed of a driving plate, a connecting rod, and a bearing platform guide rail. When the required speed and stroke in each direction are different, a parameter ratio-related configuration R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/ is adopted. ...Ln=S1/S2/...Sn, which can flexibly and accurately meet different stroke operations; specifically, the number of columns of hinge holes on the action decomposition drive plate is first determined by the required working dimension, and then the strokes in each direction are determined by the formula Calculate Rn and L, and then calculate the position of the hinge hole of the bearing platform.
本发明优先制备三、四列孔的两种动作分解驱动盘，根据模拟测试绝大多数工况都可以用三、四维工作台替代完成；工作台上对应制作物料承载台安装孔，物料承载台上设有用于固定待处理物料的夹具，同时设有对应直线导轨机构，直线导轨机构延动作分解驱动盘上放射直列的铰链孔列方向分布。The present invention gives priority to preparing two-action decomposition drive disks with three or four rows of holes. According to the simulation test, most working conditions can be completed by using a three- or four-dimensional workbench; the workbench corresponds to the production of mounting holes for the material carrying platform and the material carrying platform. There is a clamp for fixing the materials to be processed, and a corresponding linear guide mechanism. The linear guide mechanism is distributed in the direction of the radial rows of hinge holes on the decomposition drive plate.
本发明在使用时，通过启动通过电气柜上的开关实现，停止可以通过停止开关实现，也可以通过行程限位开关准确控制行程。When the invention is in use, it can be started through the switch on the electrical cabinet, and the stop can be realized through the stop switch, or the stroke can be accurately controlled through the stroke limit switch.
本发明对于不同运动维数可通过更换对应维数驱动盘，并对应配置相应承载台实现。各向运动行程不同只需对应改变驱动盘上铰链孔位置、连杆长度便可实现，工作时依然可以准确保证各向等比例同步运动，更换简单易行。各部尺寸先由所需工作维数确定动作分解驱动盘上铰链孔的列数，再由各向行程通过公式R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn计算出Rn和L，进而算出承载台铰链孔位置。The present invention can realize different motion dimensions by replacing the corresponding dimension drive disk and configuring the corresponding bearing platform accordingly. Different movement strokes in each direction can be realized by simply changing the position of the hinge hole on the drive plate and the length of the connecting rod. It can still accurately ensure equal proportional synchronous movement in all directions during operation, and the replacement is simple and easy. The size of each part is first determined by the required working dimension and the number of columns of hinge holes on the action decomposition drive plate, and then the stroke in each direction is determined by the formula R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/...Ln=S1/S2/ ...Sn calculates Rn and L, and then calculates the position of the hinge hole of the bearing platform.
实施例1：Example 1:
二维拉伸机构：Two-dimensional stretching mechanism:
如附图3及附图4所示，设有工作台1、动作分解驱动盘5、连杆4以及两块对称设置的物料承载台8，动作分解驱动盘以及物料承载台上分别设有铰链孔，连杆的两端分别经轴销与物料承载台和动作分解驱动盘相连接；物料承载台8下方经滑块和直线导轨支撑，并在直线导轨的驱动下，沿动作分解驱动盘5的直径靠近或远离动作分解驱动盘5的中心点，物料承载台8上设有物料夹具，待处理物料经夹具固定后，通过直线导轨带动物料承载台运动，完成两个方向上的等比例拉伸。As shown in Figures 3 and 4, there is a workbench 1, an action decomposition drive plate 5, a connecting rod 4 and two symmetrically arranged material bearing platforms 8. The action decomposition drive plate and the material bearing platform are respectively provided with hinges. hole, both ends of the connecting rod are connected to the material bearing platform and the action decomposition drive plate through shaft pins respectively; the material bearing platform 8 is supported by the slide block and the linear guide rail below, and is driven by the linear guide rail along the action decomposition drive plate 5 The diameter is close to or away from the center point of the action decomposition drive plate 5. The material bearing platform 8 is provided with a material clamp. After the material to be processed is fixed by the clamp, the material bearing platform is driven by the linear guide rail to complete the equal proportion of pulling in both directions. stretch.
实施例2：Example 2:
四维拉伸机构：Four-dimensional stretching mechanism:
如附图5所示，实施方案为设计一台4承载台的双向拉伸设备，工作行程依据拉伸行程要求确定，电机功率和减速器根据载荷数据计算确定，针对性设计平直槽型带压板夹具用来夹住织物材料。As shown in Figure 5, the implementation plan is to design a 4-bearing platform bidirectional stretching equipment. The working stroke is determined based on the stretching stroke requirements. The motor power and reducer are calculated and determined based on the load data. A straight grooved belt is designed specifically. Pressure plate clamps are used to clamp fabric materials.
测试时在拉伸完成以后按下停止按钮，装置运动停止保持位置，此时可以进行材料静载荷性能测试和拉伸变形后的渗水实验。对于双向拉伸量要求不同的情况需备制变比例驱动盘和连杆备用，数据由各向拉伸行程通过公式R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn计算出Rn和L，进而算出承载台铰链孔位置。During the test, press the stop button after the stretching is completed, and the device will stop and maintain its position. At this time, the material's static load performance test and water seepage test after tensile deformation can be carried out. For situations where the bidirectional stretching amount requirements are different, a variable proportion drive plate and connecting rod must be prepared as backup. The data is determined by the stretching stroke in each direction through the formula R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/...Ln=S1/ S2/...Sn calculates Rn and L, and then calculates the position of the hinge hole of the bearing platform.
实施例3：Example 3:
如附图6所示，当拉伸比例为1:1时，多向连杆长度一致，物料在承载台及连杆的牵引下，沿四个方向等比例拉伸；As shown in Figure 6, when the stretching ratio is 1:1, the lengths of the multi-directional connecting rods are the same, and the material is stretched in equal proportions in the four directions under the traction of the bearing platform and the connecting rods;
如附图7所示，当拉伸比例要求为1:2时，通过设置不同方向上连杆的长度，使连杆长度符合比例要求，物料在承载台及连杆的牵引下按1:2比例拉伸；As shown in Figure 7, when the stretching ratio requirement is 1:2, by setting the length of the connecting rods in different directions, the length of the connecting rods meets the proportional requirements. The material is pulled by the load bearing platform and the connecting rods at a ratio of 1:2. proportional stretching;
如附图8所示，当拉伸比例要求为3:4时，通过设定连杆长度，使连杆长度比例符合拉伸比例要求，物料在承载台及连杆的牵引下按3:4被拉伸。As shown in Figure 8, when the stretching ratio requirement is 3:4, the length of the connecting rod is set so that the ratio of the length of the connecting rod meets the stretching ratio requirement. The material is pulled by the load-bearing platform and the connecting rod at the ratio of 3:4. being stretched.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下明显优势：(1)装置为纯机械自动等比例运动机构，环境耐受性强、成本低、刚性好、故障率低，解决了电气控制自动化设备不足。(2)驱动盘—连杆的动力输出机构具有曲线式递增输出规律，理想对应实用中负载需求，不需对设备功率预留余量。(3)装置采用动作分解驱动盘结构，可方便的将运动分解成需要的任意多个。(4)在各方向所需速度、行程不同时，动作分解驱动盘、连杆、承载台导轨组成的曲柄滑块机构采取参数按公式R1/R2/...Rn＝L1/L2/...Ln＝S1/S2/...Sn计算配置，灵活准确地满足各向不同速度、行程工作。Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following obvious advantages: (1) The device is a purely mechanical automatic iso-proportional motion mechanism with strong environmental tolerance, low cost, good rigidity and low failure rate, and solves the shortage of electrical control automation equipment. (2) The power output mechanism of the drive plate-connecting rod has a curve-like incremental output pattern, which ideally corresponds to practical load requirements and does not require a margin for equipment power. (3) The device adopts a motion decomposition drive disk structure, which can easily decompose the motion into any number required. (4) When the required speed and stroke in each direction are different, the crank slider mechanism composed of the action decomposition drive plate, connecting rod, and bearing platform guide rail adopts parameters according to the formula R1/R2/...Rn=L1/L2/.. .Ln=S1/S2/...Sn calculation configuration can flexibly and accurately meet the needs of different speeds and strokes in all directions.
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| US3046599A (en) * | 1959-12-30 | 1962-07-31 | Bx Plastics Ltd | Stretching apparatus |
| US5911166A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-06-08 | Cowan; Wavell F. | Tensile strength tester with clamping load application control |
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