CN108527585B - A disc wood chipper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a disc type wood chip planing machine which comprises a feeding device, a planing device and a discharging hole, wherein the feeding device conveys wood chips to be planed to the planing device and then guides the wood chips out through the discharging hole, the planing device comprises a horizontally placed feeding disc, a plurality of longitudinally penetrating grooves are formed in the feeding disc, a discharging rod is arranged above the feeding disc, a cutter disc is arranged below the feeding disc, the discharging rod is horizontally arranged and moves relative to the feeding disc, wood chips falling onto the feeding disc are scraped to the grooves through the discharging rod and fall onto the cutter disc, a plurality of fly cutters are fixed on the cutter disc, the cutter disc and the feeding disc relatively rotate under the action of a driving device, a guide groove for guiding the planed wood chips out is formed in the cutter disc, and the guide groove is communicated with the discharging hole. The wood chip transverse planing machine realizes transverse wood chip planing and reduces the amount of wood chip planing and crushing.

Description

A disc wood chipper

Technical field

The present invention relates to a chipper, in particular to a disc wood chipper.

Background technique

The chipper is a piece of equipment in the material preparation section of the particleboard production line. Specifically, it is a wood chipper that cuts the wood chips from the chipper into shavings of a certain thickness. At present, domestic wood chipping machines are mainly double-drum ring-type chipping machines. When wood chips are planed, they mainly rely on the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating impeller to press them against the inner surface of the cutter ring, and the blades push the flying knife for planing. When cutting, the power consumption of the impeller is large, and the stability of the wood chips is poor when cutting. The wood chips are easy to roll during cutting. When there is too much material, the wood chips are crowded and prone to end-cutting, resulting in a large amount of shavings.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem that existing double-drum ring-type flakers have different cutting directions resulting in a large amount of shavings, the present invention provides a disc-type wood flaker. The invention adopts horizontal feeding and its wedge-shaped shaving cuts to ensure The wood chips are cut horizontally to prevent the end-side cutting of the wood chips and the rolling of the wood chips during the cutting process, thereby reducing the problem of large amounts of debris.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention includes: a disc type wood chip slicing machine, including a feeding device, a slicing device and a discharge port. The feeding device transports the wood chips to be sliced to the slicing device and then The discharge port is led out, and is characterized in that: the cutting device includes a horizontally placed feed tray, the feed tray is provided with a number of longitudinally penetrating slots, and a discharge rod is provided above the feed tray, so There is a cutterhead below the feed tray, and the discharge rod is set horizontally and moves relative to the feed tray, and the wood chips falling on the feed tray are scraped off to the notch by the discharge rod. And fall on the cutterhead, a number of flying knives are fixed on the cutterhead, the cutterhead and the feed plate rotate relatively under the action of the driving device, and the blade direction of the flying knife faces the supply plate. Material tray, the cutterhead is provided with a guide groove for guiding out the planed shavings, the guide groove is connected to the discharge port, and the wood chips falling on the cutterhead are planed by the flying knife After cutting, it is led out through the guide chute and the discharge port.

Further, the notch is formed by radiating outward from the center of the feed plate, the notch penetrates the upper surface and the lower surface of the feed plate, and a wedge-shaped planing cut is provided between the feed plate and the cutterhead. , the wide end of the wedge-shaped planing cut is connected to the notch, the narrow end is connected to the back pressure plate, and the wedge-shaped planing cut gradually narrows toward the rotation direction of the cutterhead.

Further, the cutter head and the feed plate rotate relatively, and the flying knife installed forward on the cutter head brings the wood chips falling through the slot into the wedge-shaped planing cut. The wedge-shaped structure makes the wood chips stick to the upper surface of the cutterhead when it moves forward under the action of the flying knife.

Furthermore, a wear-resistant wedge is provided on the side of the feed plate facing the wedge-shaped cut.

Further, the cutter head is detachably installed with a pressure block, and the flying knife is connected to the pressure plate to form a flying assembly, and is fixed to the cutter head through the pressure block.

Further, the flying knife is arranged to tilt forward from bottom to top along the direction of rotation of the cutter head.

Further, the unloading rod includes a rod body that intersects with a central axis, and the central axis is at the same position as the axis of the feed plate. The feeding plate and the unloading rod make relative rotational motion.

Furthermore, a back pressure plate is provided on the side of the feed plate facing the slot, and the gap between the lower surface of the back pressure plate and the upper surface of the cutter head is about 1.5 mm.

Further, the feeding device includes a vibrating feeder, a magnetic separation device and an equalizing cover. After being screened by the vibrating feeder and the magnetic separation device, the wood chips are dropped to the feeding tray through the equalizing cover. The equalizing cover is arranged above the feed tray.

Further, the guide groove is provided at the cutting edge of the flying knife.

The beneficial effects produced by the present invention include: the chipper in the present invention converts the vertically or obliquely falling wood chips to a horizontal position by setting the feed tray and the unloading rod horizontally, ensuring that the wood chips are always sliced horizontally and in a wedge shape. The squeezing action of the planing kerf can effectively control the tumbling of wood chips during the cutting process, increase the proportion of flake shavings, and reduce the amount of debris, which is beneficial to improving the physical strength of the particleboard, and can also reduce the amount of glue and reduce production costs. In the present invention, the cutterhead cuts and the feed tray supplies wood chips and stabilizes the wood chips during the cutting process, eliminating the need for a high-speed rotating impeller to generate sufficient centrifugal force for the wood chips, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the planing machine; The slicing machine in the present invention uses a cutterhead structure to slice wood chips, which has low energy consumption and good stability. The feed plate realizes stable supply of wood chips during the slicing process; the wedge-shaped slicing slit realizes the stability of the wood chips during the slicing process. , the amount of shavings scraped out is small.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mid-plate wood chipper of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional flat view of the mid-plate wood chipper in the A-A direction of the present invention;

In the picture: 1. Unloading rod, 2. Feeding plate, 3. Notch, 4. Wedge planing cut, 5. Wear-resistant wedge, 6. Back pressure plate, 7. Cutter disc, 8. Pressure block, 9 , pressure knife plate, 10. flying knife, 11. guide groove, 12. connecting screw, 13. central shaft, 14. knife door gap adjustment plate, 15. sediment and dust discharge outlet, 16. vibrating feeder, 17 , Magnetic separation device, 18. Wood chip falling port, 19. Turbine worm reducer, 20. Unloading rod motor, 21. Equalizing cover, 22. Shaving outlet, 23. Frame, 24. Cutterhead spindle, 25 , Belt drive, 26. Main motor.

Implementation

The present invention will be explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a disc-type wood chipper in the present invention includes a feeding device, a slicing device and a discharge port. The feeding device transports the wood chips to be sliced to the slicing device and then The discharge port is led out, and the planing device includes a horizontally arranged discharge rod 1, a feed plate 2 and a cutter head 7 from top to bottom. The feed plate 2 is provided with a notch 3 and the cutter head 7 is provided with a flying knife. 10. The wood chips fall on the feed tray 2. Under the push of the unloading rod 1, the wood chips are pushed into the notch 3 and finally fall on the cutter head 7. The high-speed flying knife 10 moves the wood chips falling on the cutter head 7. planing. The cutter head 7 rotates relative to the feed plate 2, and the cutter head 7 tilts forward (forward tilt means that the flying knife 10 tilts from bottom to top in the direction of rotation of the cutter head 7). The installed flying knife 10 brings in the wood chips that have fallen through the notch 3. The wedge-shaped planing cut 4 has a wedge-shaped structure that causes the wood chips to move forward under the action of the flying knife 10 and always stick to the upper surface of the cutter head 7. The protruding cutting edge of the flying knife 10 cuts the wood chips, and the planed shavings pass from the front of the knife blade. The side guide chute 11 falls.

The gap in front of the blade on the upper side of the guide trough 11 is the knife door gap. The knife door gap should be adjustable. A knife door gap adjustment plate 14 is provided on the guide trough along the direction of the groove. The knife door gap adjustment plate 14 can be ground and adjusted appropriately. height to meet proper knife door clearance.

The unloading rod 1 is composed of several rod bodies intersecting on a central axis. The several rod bodies are in the shape of a star. The notch 3 on the feed tray 2 is radiated outward from the center of the feed tray 2. The depth of the notch 3 is equal to the thickness of the feed tray 2. Consistent, that is, the slot 3 runs from the upper surface to the lower surface of the feed plate 2. The arrangement of the slot 3 is consistent with the arrangement of the unloading rod 1. The unloading rod 1 and the feeding plate 2 rotate relative to each other. During the rotation, the unloading The material rod 1 can scrape the wood chips on the upper surface of the feed tray 2 into the notch 3. Of course, this requires the discharge rod 1 to be in contact with or have a slight distance from the upper surface of the feed tray 2.

The cutter head 7 is provided with a knife groove, and a pressure knife block 8 is detachably fixed in the knife groove. The pressure knife plate 9 and the flying knife 10 fix the flying knife assembly, and are fixed in the gap of the cutter head 7 through the pressure knife block 8. The knife plate and the cutter head 7 are fixed by connecting screws 12, and the knife pressing block 8 and the cutter head 7 are fixed by connecting screws 12. There is a wedge-shaped planing cut 4 between the feed plate 2 and the cutter head 7, that is, there is a wedge-shaped groove between the two. The wedge-shaped planing cut 4 is connected to the notch 3 on the feed plate 2, and the wide end of the wedge-shaped planing cut 4 is connected The bottom end of the notch 3 and the narrow end of the wedge-shaped planing cutout 4 are connected with the back pressure plate. In order to export the shavings cut by the blade of the flying knife 10, a guide groove 11 is provided at the blade of the flying knife 10. The gap between the knife gate in front of the flying knife blade on the upper side of the guide groove 11 is generally not more than 2mm. The thickness is appropriately adjusted, generally the protrusion amount of the flying knife plus 1.3mm, and is adjusted through the knife door gap adjustment plate 14. If the knife door gap is too small, the shavings cut by the blade will be crushed. If the gap is too large, smaller wood chips will randomly fall from it, affecting the quality of the shavings.

In order to ensure the quality of the planed shavings, the flying knife 10 is tilted from bottom to top, and the wedge angle of the flying knife is generally about 32°. The direction of the blade is consistent with the rotation direction of the cutterhead 7 and is installed forward. Under the action of the driving device, the cutter head 7 needs to rotate relative to the feed plate 2, and the cutting edge on the upper surface of the cutter head is extended to cut the wood chips that enter the wedge-shaped planing notch 4. The remaining wood chips cut by the previous flying knife 10 are pushed forward by the following flying knife. Under the action of the bevel of the wedge-shaped planing cut 4, the wood chips move downward and press the upper surface of the cutter head, and the following flying knife 10 continues to move forward. planing. The protrusion of the flying knife 10 can be adjusted according to the thickness of the shavings, which is generally 0.3~0.7mm. The protrusion of the flying knife 10 can be adjusted by a special knife adjustment device to realize off-machine knife adjustment.

The unloading rod 1 moves relative to the feed plate 2. The feed plate 2 can be fixed or rotate in the opposite direction to the cutterhead 7. If the feed plate 2 is fixed, the unloading rod 1 will rotate. Scrape the wood chips that fall onto the feed tray into the slot, and at the same time move the wood chips that are tilted or standing on the feed tray to lie horizontally; if the feed tray 2 is made to rotate opposite to the cutterhead 7, Then the unloading rod 1 can be made fixed. In this embodiment, the feed plate 2 is fixed, the unloading rod 1 and the cutterhead 7 rotate, the unloading rod 1 is driven by the unloading rod motor 20, and the unloading rod motor 20 is connected to a turbine worm reducer 19; the cutterhead 7 is driven by the main Driven by the motor 26, the cutterhead 7 rotates with the cutterhead spindle 24 as the axis. The main motor 26 drives the cutterhead 7 to rotate through the belt 25. The cutterhead spindle 24 and the central axis 13 are in coaxial directions.

In order to enhance the wear resistance of the material tray, a wear-resistant wedge 5 is provided on the material tray, and the wear-resistant wedge 5 covers the side of the feed tray 2 facing the wedge-shaped cutout 4 .

Working process: The wood chips falling into the notch 3 are brought to the wedge-shaped planing opening 4 under the feed plate 2 by the flying knife 10 on the rotating cutter head 7. The protruding flying knife 10 cuts the wood chips, and the cut shavings are It falls along the knife door gap in front of the flying knife 10 through the guide groove 11 . The wood chips that have been cut once are pushed forward by the flying knife 10 at the back. The wedge-shaped surface of the feed plate 2 squeezes the remaining wood chips downward and sticks to the upper surface of the cutter disk 7. The extended flying knife 10 cuts off a layer of shavings again. Continuing in sequence, the wood chips are gradually cut. At the same time, wood chips continue to fall from the notch 3 of the feed tray 2 and enter the wedge-shaped area for cutting.

When wood chips are planed, under the squeezing action of the wedge-shaped planing notch 4, the rolling of the wood chips is effectively prevented, which can reduce the amount of wood chip fragments.

The setting angle of the wedge-shaped planing cutout 4 should be appropriate to facilitate the wood chips to gradually squeeze and slide downward under the action of the rotating cutterhead 7.

The height of the entrance end of the wedge-shaped planing cut should also be set appropriately. It should not be too low. If it is too low, it will be difficult for the wood chips to enter the wedge-shaped area for cutting. If it is too high, individual wood chips that slide in vertically will cause end-to-end planing and cut off the fibers. Effectively setting the height of the wedge-shaped inlet end can also enable the flying knife 10 on the cutter head 7 to bring the wood chips into the wood chips to overwhelm the individual wood chips that slide in vertically, ensuring horizontal planing and ensuring the quality of the wood shavings.

Wood chips are generally long strips extending along the direction of wood fiber production. The end-direction in the present invention refers to cutting from one end of the long-shaped wood chips. Therefore, end-direction planing will produce a lot of debris because the flying knife will cut the fibers. Shaving means slicing on the long side of a strip. This slicing method is conducive to the formation of flaky shavings. The higher the flake shavings content, the better the physical strength and other indicators of the particleboard produced will be.

The feed plate 2 is provided with a wear-resistant wedge 5 and a back pressure plate 6 to facilitate replacement after wear. The wear-resistant wedge 5 is placed in the wedge-shaped planing cut 4 between the cutter head 7 and the feed plate 2, and the back pressure plate 6 is placed In the notch 3 in the feed tray 2, one side is arranged close to the feed tray 2. The height of the back pressure plate 6 should be adjustable so that the gap between the back pressure plate 6 and the cutter head 7 can be adjusted after grinding. The gap between the lower surface of the back pressure plate 6 and the upper surface of the cutter head 7 is about 1.5 mm. The gap between the lower surface of the back pressure plate 6 and the upper surface of the cutterhead 7 is too small, and the rotating flying knife 10 can easily hit the backpressure plate; the gap between the lower surface of the backpressure plate 6 and the upper surface of the cutterhead 7 is too large, and the planer will When the thickness of the remaining wood chips is less than this gap, it will not be easy to stabilize during cutting, which will affect the quality of the wood shavings.

The feeding device is arranged on the upper part of the feeding tray 2. The feeding device includes a vibrating feeder 16 and a magnetic separation device 17, which are used to remove dust, sediment and iron impurities and achieve uniform feeding. The impurities are discharged through the sediment and dust. Exit 15.

The magnetically separated wood chips fall from the wood chip falling port 18. The equalizing cover 21 is a grid-like slope-shaped structure. The grid size near the central axis is smaller, the grid size near the periphery is larger, and the grid size gradually becomes larger from the inside to the outside. The change in grid size from the inside to the outside causes smaller-sized wood chips to fall toward the center, and larger-sized wood chips to fall toward the periphery. This coincides with the gradual increase in slot width from the center to the outside, and also avoids the wood chips from gathering during blanking. Drop it in the center of the equalizing cover to make the blanking more even. The equalizing cover 21 rotates coaxially with the unloading rod, and the wood chips fall from the drop port 18 to the equalizing cover, and the wood chips are evenly scattered around the feeding tray 2. The length of the wood chips cut by the chipper on the particle board production line is 30~40mm, which is usually greater than the thickness or width. According to the principle of the lowest center of gravity of free fall, the wood chips freely scattered from the top to the feed tray 2 should be in a horizontal state to ensure that the wood chips pass through the falling When the material notch 3 drops onto the cutter head 7, it is in a horizontal state to reduce end cutting. In order to prevent too many wood chips from accumulating on the feed tray 2, causing crowding and causing the wood chips to be in a vertical state, it is required that the number of falling wood chips should be uniform, not too many, but not too little, so as not to reduce productivity.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the contents of the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and any changes and modifications made are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A disc-type wood chipping machine, including a feeding device, a slicing device and a discharging port. The feeding device transports the wood chips to be sliced to the slicing device and then leads them out through the discharging port. Its characteristics lies in: The slicing device includes a horizontally placed feed tray. The feed tray is provided with a number of longitudinally penetrating slots. A discharge rod is provided above the feed tray, and a cutterhead is provided below the feed tray. , the unloading rod is set horizontally and moves relative to the feed plate, and the wood chips falling on the feed plate are scraped off by the unloading rod to the notch and fall onto the cutterhead, A number of flying knives are fixed on the cutterhead, and the cutterhead and the feed plate rotate relatively under the action of a driving device. The cutterhead is provided with a guide groove for leading out the shaved shavings. The guide trough is connected to the discharge port, and the wood chips falling on the cutterhead are cut by the flying knife and then exported through the guide trough and the discharge port; The notch is formed by radiating outward from the center of the feed plate, and the notch penetrates the upper surface and the lower surface of the feed plate. A wedge-shaped planing cut is provided between the feed plate and the cutter head. The wide end of the cut is connected to the notch, and the wedge-shaped planing cut gradually narrows toward the direction in which the cutter head rotates relative to the feed plate; The side of the feed plate facing the wedge-shaped planing cut is provided with a wear-resistant wedge; a pressure block is detachably installed on the cutter head; the flying knife is connected to the pressure plate to form a flying assembly, and is fixed to the knife through the pressure block plate. 2. Disc wood chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flying knife is tilted forward from bottom to top relative to the rotation direction of the cutter head. 3. The disc wood chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading rod includes a rod body that intersects with a central axis. The central axis is at the same axis as the feeding plate. The feeding plate and the unloading rod make relative rotational motions. 4. The disc wood chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the flying knife blade protruding from the upper surface of the cutter head is 0.3~0.7mm. 5. The disc wood chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding device includes a vibrating feeder, a magnetic separation device and an equalizing cover. After being screened by the vibrating feeder and the magnetic separation device, the wood chips are dropped to the feeding tray through the equalizing cover. The equalizing cover Set above the feed tray. 6. The disc wood chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide groove is provided at the blade edge of the flying knife. 7. The disc wood chipper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The equalizing cover and the unloading rod rotate around a central axis at the same time. The equalizing cover has a mesh structure, and the mesh size gradually increases from the center outward. 8. The disc wood chipper according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The width of the slot gradually increases outward from the center of the feed tray.