CN108549261A - A kind of university dormitory energy supervision system based on Internet of Things integrated technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a college dormitory energy monitoring system based on IoT integration technology, which belongs to the field of energy monitoring. The system includes dormitory unit detection, communication architecture and terminal remote monitoring platform. The dormitory subunit includes a sensor module, a PC terminal, and an Android client. Each sensor module builds a dormitory monitoring network with the ZigBee short-distance wireless transmission protocol, and sends the collected data such as temperature, humidity, light, smoke, water consumption, and electricity consumption to the ZigBee coordinator; the PC terminal collects data from the coordinator data and upload it to the server. The terminal monitoring platform can receive and display the data collected by each dormitory sub-unit, and conduct monitoring and analysis. The system is characterized by the application of big data technology for energy analysis and management, which is conducive to the scientific distribution of energy, and increases reactive power compensation for places where electricity is concentrated, preventing energy waste and saving energy.

Description

An energy monitoring system for university dormitories based on IoT integration technology

technical field

The invention relates to a college dormitory energy monitoring system based on IoT integration technology, which belongs to the field of energy monitoring.

Background technique

ZigBee technology is a two-way wireless communication technology with short-range and low consumption.

It is mainly used for short-distance, low-power data transmission between various electronic devices. It has high reliability, supports wireless operation, and is convenient for users to use.

Although many home appliances now realize intelligent remote supervision, this Internet of Things technology has not been widely used in college dormitories. The main body of colleges and universities is college students, and all aspects of college students are concerned by the society. The dormitory energy monitoring system can provide college students with a high-quality and convenient living environment. Energy issues have always been concerned by people from all walks of life, and it is one of the major issues facing human beings today. Most of the power resources now come from non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels. The reserves of these energy sources are limited, so energy conservation is imperative. must do.

In fact, the intelligent monitoring of dormitories in major universities is not perfect at present, and the monitoring method of manual inspection is mainly adopted. This method requires a lot of manpower to ensure the quality of life and life safety of college students, but this method is time-consuming and laborious, and is prone to reactions. It is not timely, so there is an urgent need for a university dormitory energy monitoring system to analyze the large data to allocate energy rationally, so as to achieve the purpose of strengthening school construction and saving energy.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention establishes an intelligent IoT system for real-time monitoring of student dormitory energy, thereby realizing a detection system for monitoring energy consumption data of each dormitory and improving management efficiency.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of university dormitory energy monitoring system based on the integration technology of the Internet of Things, the system includes a sensor module, a PC terminal, a server, a central processing system, and a terminal remote monitoring platform; the sensor module is formed by the ZigBee wireless transmission protocol Sensor network; the network formed by the ZigBee wireless transmission protocol, including ZigBee sub-nodes, ZigBee coordinator; the ZigBee sub-nodes include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, photosensitive sensors, smoke sensors, voltage transformers, current transformers, water flow Sensor; the sensor module builds a dormitory monitoring network with the ZigBee short-distance wireless transmission protocol, and sends the collected data to the ZigBee coordinator; the PC collects the data sent by the coordinator, performs graphic analysis and storage, and displays it in real time Indoor conditions, and upload the data to the server; the central management system collects the data of all dormitories by accessing the server; the terminal remote monitoring platform can display the distribution of dormitory energy consumption.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the application method of the energy monitoring system is as follows:

Step 1) Before using the system, place the dormitory monitoring network module built with the ZigBee wireless transmission protocol in the dormitory;

Step 2) PC end installs specific software that can receive and process data;

Step 3) During the monitoring process, each sensor collects data and sends the collected data to the PC;

Step 4) The PC side stores the collected information such as temperature, humidity, light, smoke, electricity consumption, and water consumption in the local database;

Step 5) The PC end accesses the local database, displays the indoor energy consumption, and performs graphic analysis;

Step 6) The PC end uploads each data information to the server, and the central management system host displays the data information of all dormitories by accessing the server;

Step 7) The central management system conducts an overall analysis on the energy consumption data of all dormitories.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, photosensitive sensor, smoke sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, and water flow sensor detect temperature, humidity, light, smoke, water consumption, and electricity consumption respectively. amount of data.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the environment and energy consumption data collected by the sensors are sent to the ZigBee coordinator in an on-demand manner.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor is placed indoors, and the temperature information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through a serial port for real-time sensing and collection of the temperature in the dormitory.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the humidity sensor is placed indoors, the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collection of the humidity in the dormitory.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the photosensitive sensor is placed indoors, the illumination information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collection of the illumination intensity in the bedroom.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the smoke sensor is installed on the roof of the dormitory, and the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collection of the smoke concentration in the dormitory.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage and current transformer is installed in the electric meter of the dormitory, the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collection of power consumption in the dormitory Happening.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the water flow sensor is installed in the water meter of the dormitory, and the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collection of water consumption in the dormitory.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the PC terminal collects various data sent by the coordinator, performs graphic analysis, displays indoor conditions and energy consumption in real time, and stores the data in a local database.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the central management system is the general control terminal of the centralized network, which can collect and display environmental information and energy consumption in all dormitories.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the central management system conducts an overall analysis on the energy consumption of all dormitories through big data processing.

Reactive power compensation is added to areas with concentrated electricity users to reduce the loss during power transmission and improve the utilization rate of electric energy, so as to scientifically solve the problem of energy distribution. In addition, by analyzing the area where the risk of failure occurs frequently, it is determined which manufacturers' products have a higher frequency of failure, and the equipment is replaced in time, and the choice of this manufacturer is excluded from the future equipment brand candidates, thereby reducing the frequency of the risk of failure.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the big data processing method of the energy monitoring system is as follows:

Step (1): Data collection

The client collects data such as temperature and humidity, smoke, electricity consumption, and water consumption sent by the sensors and transformer modules in the dormitory.

Step (2): Statistical Classification

The central processing system accesses the server to count the parameter information of all dormitories, and classifies all the data to facilitate subsequent data analysis.

Step (3): Preprocessing

The third is to filter the huge data collected and counted to eliminate useless data.

Step (4): Data Analysis

Data analysis is mainly to use some algorithms to process the collected data and get the analysis results, which is convenient for making effective judgments.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the data filtering in the step (3) can ensure the correctness of the data by performing a filtering operation on the collected data, and the collected obviously unreasonable errors The data is filtered out, so as to avoid large errors in the overall analysis of the data. For example, in the temperature collection data, if there is a sudden increase in temperature and then returns to normal, it can be deleted directly. The specific analysis steps are as follows:

1) In the Map stage, each map function receives a previous dormitory data record. Among them, the input <key, value> pairs are offset and line respectively. The offset is used as the key, and the line is used as the value.

2) For each dormitory data record entered, check the legality of its content and format in the map function. For illegal and abnormal data, it is not sent to Reducer (implementing filtering); for legal and normal dormitory data, it is output to the following Reducer for processing.

3) After the Shuffle stage, the <key, value> pairs with the same Key sent from the Map are collected into the same Reducer, and each reducer function only processes the <key, value> pairs with the same key. The filtering method is very simple, as long as the same key is written only once when outputting.

The pseudocode is as follows:

Public class FilterMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable,Text,Text,Text>{

Public void map(LongWritable keyin, Text valin, Context context)

{

If(isLegal(valin. toString())){

Text keyout = new Text(getURL(val));

Context.write(keyout, valin);

}

}

Public boolean isLegal(String val)

{

}

Public String getURL(val)

{

}

}

Public static class FilterReducer

extends Reducer<Text,Text,NullWritable,Text>

{

Public void reduce(Text keyin, Iterable<Text>valsin, Context context)

{

Boolean flag = false;

For(Text val:valsin)

{

If (flag) break;

Else

{

Context.write(NullWritable.get(), val);

Flag=true;

}

}

}

}

In one embodiment of the present invention, described specific analysis method is as follows:

Analysis of power consumption:

First divide the school into m areas. After collecting the electricity consumption of all dormitories in this area, sum them up as the electricity consumption in this area. The area with the top 20% of electricity consumption is the concentrated area of electricity consumption. Let the number be n, using the concept of heap in the massive data processing method, the basic principle is to find the top n of the minimum heap, which is characterized by being suitable for the situation where the amount of data is large and n is small, and the method is to compare the current element with the smallest element in the minimum heap , if the current element is greater than the smallest element, the current element will replace the smallest element, so that the elements obtained after scanning once are the largest n elements. Divide these n areas into areas where power consumption is concentrated, and add reactive power compensation to these areas, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy.

The specific implementation algorithm is as follows:

Compared with common sorting algorithms, this algorithm will not cause the entire array to be fully sorted, and will not cause algorithm "redundancy". Relatively speaking, the average time complexity of the algorithm is also smaller and simpler.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The invention is simple and convenient to operate, has low requirements on the professional knowledge of users, and is applicable to a wide range of people, and can easily realize the supervision of various energy indicators in college dormitories.

2. The present invention uses ZigBee technology for wireless communication, with low energy consumption and reliable data transmission. Students can check the various indicators in the dormitory by accessing the central management system, which is convenient for students to find problems in time and respond, and is also convenient for school administrators Check the terminal remote monitoring platform at any time to understand the distribution of energy consumption.

3. Analyze the overall energy consumption through big data analysis technology, and then take corresponding measures to reduce waste in the energy transmission process and increase energy utilization.

4. In the present invention, the monitoring of various indicators is completed by independent sensors, so the data is very accurate, which is sufficient to meet the needs of the supervision of various energy indicators in the dormitory. In addition, each independent sensor also makes the maintenance of the equipment easier.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the dormitory energy monitoring system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the centralized communication architecture of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a specific implementation flow chart of the dormitory energy monitoring system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the evaluation standard of the energy usage of the dormitory energy monitoring system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the functional use and technical advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

As shown in Fig. 1, the present invention is made up of central management system, PC end and ZigBee coordinator end, central management system and PC end realize data transmission through Internet, PC end and ZigBee coordinator end then communicate through serial port. The ZigBee coordinator includes 5 sub-nodes, and each sub-node controls different sensors respectively. They are the temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature and humidity in the dormitory, the humidity sensor, the photosensitive sensor for monitoring the light intensity of the dormitory, the smoke sensor for monitoring the air quality of the dormitory, and the monitoring dormitory. Voltage and current transformers for electricity consumption and water flow sensors for monitoring water consumption in dormitories. Each sensor module builds a dormitory monitoring network with the ZigBee short-distance wireless transmission protocol, and sends the collected data such as temperature, humidity, light, smoke, water consumption, and electricity consumption to the ZigBee coordinator; the PC terminal collects data from the coordinator Data, graphic analysis and storage, real-time display of indoor conditions, and upload the data to the server, the central management system collects the data of all dormitories by accessing the server. Managers can view the specific energy consumption data of each dormitory from the central database, use big data processing technology to analyze the distribution of energy consumption in all dormitories in the school, and display it on the remote monitoring platform.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, each dormitory is a dormitory unit, and a centralized communication network is adopted. The central management system is the central node of the centralized communication architecture.

As shown in Figure 3, it is the steps of the system in the specific application. The specific application steps of the system are as follows:

Step S1, placing the dormitory monitoring network established with the Zigbee wireless transmission protocol in the dormitory.

In step S2, software for processing data is installed on the PC.

In step S3, each sensor collects information such as temperature and humidity, light, smoke, electricity consumption, and water consumption of the dormitory.

In step S4, the PC terminal displays the indoor energy consumption and performs graphic analysis.

In step S5, the PC side uploads each data information to the server.

Step S6, the central management system accesses the server to obtain the data of all dormitories.

Step S7, performing energy analysis and management through big data technology.

As shown in Figure 3, the analysis criteria of the energy monitoring system include: for the 20% of the area before the electricity consumption, add reactive power compensation equipment to reduce the consumption in the process of power transmission and increase the utilization rate of electric energy; for the 20% of the area after the electricity consumption , take no action. For equipment with high risk of failure, replace it in time, and no longer choose the equipment of this manufacturer. For equipment with low failure frequency and low energy consumption, you can continue to use it when purchasing again.

Finally, it is stated that the above implementation methods and specific cases are only used to illustrate the solution of the present invention, not to limit the scope of the patent, but any equivalent modification or replacement of the specification, drawings, and flow charts of the patent will not Anything that deviates from the scope included in this patent is within the scope of the claims of this patent.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore The scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A university dormitory energy monitoring system based on the integration technology of the Internet of Things is characterized in that the system includes a sensor module, a PC end, a server, a central processing system, and a terminal remote monitoring platform; the sensor module is formed by the ZigBee wireless transmission protocol Sensor network; the network formed by the ZigBee wireless transmission protocol, including ZigBee sub-nodes, ZigBee coordinator; the ZigBee sub-nodes include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, photosensitive sensors, smoke sensors, voltage transformers, current transformers, water flow Sensor; the sensor module builds a dormitory monitoring network with the ZigBee short-distance wireless transmission protocol, and sends the collected data to the ZigBee coordinator; the PC collects the data sent by the coordinator, performs graphic analysis and storage, and displays it in real time Indoor conditions, and upload the data to the server; the central management system collects the data of all dormitories by accessing the server; the terminal remote monitoring platform can display the distribution of dormitory energy consumption. 2. The energy monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the application method of the energy monitoring system is as follows: Step 1) Before using the system, place the dormitory monitoring network module built with the ZigBee wireless transmission protocol in the dormitory; Step 2) PC end installs specific software that can receive and process data; Step 3) During the monitoring process, each sensor collects data and sends the collected data to the PC; Step 4) The PC side stores the collected information such as temperature, humidity, light, smoke, electricity consumption, and water consumption in the local database; Step 5) The PC end accesses the local database, displays the indoor energy consumption, and performs graphic analysis; Step 6) The PC end uploads each data information to the server, and the central management system host displays the data information of all dormitories by accessing the server; Step 7) The central management system conducts an overall analysis on the energy consumption data of all dormitories. 3. The energy monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, photosensitive sensor, smoke sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, and water flow sensor respectively detect temperature, humidity, light, smoke , water consumption, electricity consumption data. 4. The energy monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the environment and energy consumption data collected by the sensor are sent to the ZigBee coordinator in an on-demand mode. 5. The energy monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the humidity sensor is placed indoors, the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collecting the humidity situation in the dormitory The photosensitive sensor is placed indoors, and the light information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, and sent to the PC end through the serial port for real-time sensing and collecting the light intensity situation in the dormitory; the smoke sensor is installed on the roof of the dormitory. The information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator and sent to the PC through the serial port for real-time sensing and collection of the smoke concentration in the dormitory; the voltage and current transformer is installed in the electric meter in the dormitory, and the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator and sent to the PC through the serial port. Send it to the PC terminal for real-time sensing and collection of electricity consumption in the dormitory; the water flow sensor is installed in the water meter of the dormitory, and the humidity information is transmitted to the Zigbee coordinator, which is sent to the PC terminal through the serial port for real-time sensing And collect the water consumption in the dormitory; the PC end collects various data sent by the coordinator, performs graphic analysis, displays the indoor situation and energy consumption in real time, and saves the data to the local database. 6. The energy monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the central management system is the general control terminal of the centralized network, which can collect and display the environmental information and energy consumption in all dormitories. Process an overall analysis of the energy consumption of all dormitories. 7. The energy monitoring system according to claim 6, wherein the big data processing method is as follows: Step (1): Data collection The client collects the temperature and humidity, smoke, electricity consumption, water consumption and other data sent by the sensors and transformer modules in the dormitory; Step (2): Statistical Classification The central processing system accesses the server to count the parameter information of all dormitories, and classifies all the data to facilitate subsequent data analysis; Step (3): Preprocessing The second is to collect and count the huge data for data filtering to eliminate useless data; Step (4): Data Analysis Data analysis is mainly to use some algorithms to process the collected data and get the analysis results, which is convenient for making effective judgments. 8. according to the described energy monitoring system of claim 7, it is characterized in that, the analysis to electricity consumption in the data analysis method of described step (4) is: first divide school into m areas, collect all dormitories in this area After the electricity is consumed, the sum is taken as the electricity consumption of the area, and the top 20% of the electricity consumption is taken as the concentrated area of electricity consumption, and the number is set to n. Using the concept of stack in the massive data processing method, its basic principle Find the top n for the minimum heap. It is characterized by being suitable for situations where there is a large amount of data and less n. The method is to compare the current element with the minimum element in the minimum heap. If the current element is greater than the minimum element, the current element will be replaced by the minimum element. In this way, the elements obtained after scanning once are the largest n elements; these n areas are divided into areas with concentrated electricity consumption, and reactive power compensation is added to these areas, thereby improving the utilization rate of electric energy. 9. according to the described energy monitoring system of claim 8, it is characterized in that, the specific realization algorithm of data analysis method is as follows: 10. The energy monitoring system according to claim 7, characterized in that, in the data analysis method of the step (4), temperature and humidity can be calculated using a classification budget method.