CN108571286B - Pile foundation perforating device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pile foundation hole-drilling device and method, the device comprises: a hole-drilling force generating mechanism; it comprises a metal channel and/or a liquid channel, the hole-drilling force generating mechanism is used to utilize the first impact force generated by the electrified explosion of the metal in the metal channel, the second impact force generated by the discharge of the power source to the liquid in the liquid channel, or the third impact force generated by the electrified explosion of the metal in the metal channel and the reaction of the metal with the liquid in the liquid channel as the driving force for hole-drilling, the driving force causes the extrusion and crushing of the soil layer to be drilled, so as to achieve the hole-drilling effect. The present invention can be used for drilling and expanding the hole of the pile foundation, can improve the working efficiency of bored pile drilling, has a simple structure, convenient operation, low energy consumption, safe and reliable, and no pollution, and the impact force can be flexibly adjusted, and is suitable for different soils, especially for drilling and expanding the hole in the gravel layer containing boulders, hard soil layer, hard rock layer and soil layer containing groundwater.

Description

Pile foundation drilling device and method

Technical Field

The present invention belongs to the field of pile foundation construction, and more specifically, relates to a pile foundation hole opening device and method.

Background technique

Cast-in-place piles are a type of pile-making process that involves drilling a hole directly at the designed pile position, placing a steel cage in the hole after the hole is formed, and then pouring concrete. Common pile-making methods include impact drilling and manual digging. Impact drilling usually uses an impact drill or winch to raise a heavy-mass impact drill bit with a drill blade, and relies on the impact force of free fall to cut the rock layer or squeeze the soil layer, and then uses a special slag removal tool to dig the soil to form a hole. The equipment is simple and easy to operate, but the drilling speed is slow, the construction period is long, the drill bit is easily worn, and accidents such as hole tilting, drill stuck, and drill falling are prone to occur. The maintenance cost is high, and the construction progress is difficult to guarantee. Manual digging is to directly use manpower to dig the soil to form a hole. The cost is low, but the drilling depth is limited, the safety measures are improper or incomplete, and it is easy to cause casualties. It is not suitable for soil layers with complex geological conditions and high groundwater levels where there is lack of oxygen or toxic gas in the hole.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a pile foundation drilling device and method, thereby solving the technical problems of the existing pile forming methods such as slow drilling speed, long construction period, limited drilling depth and difficulty in ensuring construction progress.

To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pile foundation hole opening device, comprising: a hole opening force generating mechanism;

The hole-opening force generating mechanism includes a metal channel and/or a liquid channel. The hole-opening force generating mechanism is used to utilize a first impact force generated by an electrified explosion of the metal in the metal channel, a second impact force generated by the discharge of a power source to the liquid in the liquid channel, or a third impact force generated by an electrified explosion of the metal in the metal channel and the reaction of the metal with the liquid in the liquid channel as a driving force for hole opening. The driving force causes extrusion and crushing of the soil layer to be opened to achieve a hole-opening effect.

Preferably, the pile foundation drilling device further comprises a wire feeding mechanism, and the wire feeding mechanism is used to automatically replenish metal after a single drilling is completed, so as to facilitate the continuous and automatic drilling operation.

Preferably, the pile foundation drilling device further comprises a liquid replenishing mechanism, and the liquid replenishing mechanism is used for automatically replenishing the liquid according to the consumption of the liquid after the drilling operation is completed.

Preferably, the hole opening force generating mechanism comprises at least one metal channel and/or at least one liquid channel.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pile foundation drilling method, comprising:

A pulse current is passed through the metal in the metal channel to make the metal gasify at high temperature and explode to generate a first impact force; or, discharge is applied to the liquid in the liquid channel to generate a second impact force; or, a pulse current is passed through the metal in the metal channel to make the metal gasify at high temperature and explode, and at the same time, the metal reacts chemically with the liquid in the liquid channel to generate a third impact force;

The first impact force, the second impact force or the third impact force is used as a driving force for drilling a hole, and the driving force causes the soil layer to be drilled to be squeezed and crushed to achieve a drilling effect.

In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

(1) The present invention utilizes the impact force generated by metal electric explosion, liquid discharge, or metal electric explosion and metal and liquid chemical reaction as the force for pile foundation hole forming and hole expansion. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, is lightweight, has high flexibility, is not restricted by construction sites and working surfaces, is low in cost, is easy to construct and operate on site. The hole expansion process can be completed in a single time, the hole expansion forming time is short, the effect is reliable, the work efficiency is high, and construction time is saved. The hole forming and hole expansion process only uses electrical energy, is clean and pollution-free, safe and reliable, has few moving and control parts, is easy to maintain, has a long service life, has strong geological adaptability, can adapt to the hole forming and hole expansion work of different soils, and is suitable for different pile types and pile sizes. It is particularly suitable for clay layers, hard soil layers, gravel layers and other soil layers containing rocks and soil layers containing groundwater.

(2) The present invention can flexibly control the force of single hole forming and hole expansion by adjusting the metal input current, the total energy of a single discharge and the amount of metal used, thereby adjusting geometric parameters such as the hole forming depth and radius, the hole expansion range, etc., to ensure the pile body quality and the bearing capacity of a single pile. The single discharge time is extremely short, the single hole forming depth is high, and the speed is fast, so that uninterrupted continuous hole forming operations can be achieved, which is conducive to shortening the construction period.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bored pile hole forming device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pile foundation hole enlarging device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a bored pile after being bored according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pile foundation after hole expansion provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The present invention provides a pile foundation hole drilling device and method, which can be used for drilling and expanding the pile foundation, can improve the working efficiency of bored pile drilling, has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has low energy consumption, is safe, reliable and pollution-free, and the impact force can be flexibly adjusted. The device is suitable for drilling and expanding holes in different soils, especially in gravel layers containing boulders, hard soil layers, hard rock layers and soil layers containing groundwater.

The terms "first", "second", "third" and the like in the description and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order.

In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pile foundation hole opening device, comprising: a hole opening force generating mechanism;

The hole-opening force generating mechanism includes a metal channel and/or a liquid channel. The hole-opening force generating mechanism is used to utilize a first impact force generated by an electrified explosion of a metal channel in the metal channel, a second impact force generated by the discharge of a power source to the liquid in the liquid channel, or a third impact force generated by an electrified explosion of the metal channel in the metal channel and the reaction between the metal and the liquid in the liquid channel as driving forces for hole-opening. The driving forces cause extrusion and crushing of the soil layer to be holed to achieve a hole-opening effect.

In the embodiment of the present invention, after the metal is gasified, the contact surface between the metal and the liquid is greatly increased, thereby enhancing the impact force generated by the chemical reaction between the metal and the liquid.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the metal material can be any metal material such as aluminum, iron or tungsten, and the liquid material can be any liquid material such as water. The embodiment of the present invention does not make any unique limitation on which metal material and which liquid material are used for chemical reaction.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the hole opening force generating mechanism includes at least one metal channel and/or at least one liquid channel, and the specific number used is not limited exclusively by the embodiment of the present invention.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the metal may be in the form of a wire, a strip, or a foil, or may be wound into a single coil shape. The embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific shape.

The coil may be a single coil or a plurality of small coils, which is convenient for expansion and flexible for assembly. The specific method is not limited to a unique method in the embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, by adjusting the amount of metal/liquid, the hole opening driving force can be flexibly controlled to achieve the best tamping effect and tamping quality.

As an optional implementation, the pile foundation drilling device also includes a wire feeding mechanism, which is used to automatically replenish metal after a single drilling is completed, so as to facilitate the continuous and automatic drilling operation.

As an optional implementation, the pile foundation drilling device further includes a liquid replenishing mechanism, which is used to automatically replenish the liquid according to the consumption of the liquid after the drilling operation is completed.

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in FIG1 , the overall structure of the bored pile drilling device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a high voltage electrode 1 , a grounding electrode 2 , an aluminum wire 3 , a soil layer 4 , a water inlet pipe 5 , and a water outlet pipe 6 .

The aluminum wire 3 is arranged on the surface of the soil layer 4, and its two ends are respectively connected to the high voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 2. The space between the high voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 2 is filled with water.

The pore forming method comprises the following steps:

(1) The aluminum wire 3 is placed close to the soil layer 4 and arranged in parallel along a strip on the surface of the soil layer 4. The two ends of the aluminum wire 3 are respectively connected to the high-voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 3;

(2) water is introduced into the space between the high-voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 2 through the water inlet pipe 5, so that the space between the high-voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 2 is filled with water, and the aluminum wire 3 is immersed in the water;

(3) Discharge occurs between the high-voltage electrode 1 and the ground electrode 2, causing a high pulse current to flow through the aluminum wire 3. The Joule heat effect causes energy to accumulate rapidly in the aluminum wire, causing the aluminum wire to vaporize at high temperature, resulting in an explosion and a huge shock wave. At the same time, after the aluminum wire vaporizes, the contact area with water increases greatly, causing a chemical reaction between the aluminum wire and water to produce hydrogen. The combination of these two forces causes the soil layer to be squeezed and crushed;

(4) The soil debris enters the outlet pipe 6 with the water and is discharged out of the pile hole. The morphology of the hole formed in a single operation is shown in Figure 3 (7 is the original soil layer position, and 8 is the soil layer position after the hole is formed);

(5) After a single discharge is completed, refill the aluminum wire;

(6) Repeat steps (2) to (5) until the hole is drilled to the specified depth.

In an optional embodiment, the amount and arrangement of the aluminum wire can be adjusted according to the radius and depth of a single hole, so as to flexibly control the range and depth of the next hole.

In an optional embodiment, a wire feeding mechanism may be added to automatically replenish the consumed aluminum wire.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 2 , the overall structure of the hole expanding device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: a coil 3 and a soil layer 4 .

The hole expansion method comprises the following steps:

(1) The coil 3 is placed in a water tank and is placed close to the soil layer 4. The water tank is filled with water.

(2) Coil 3 is energized. Since coil 3 is wound with aluminum material, the Joule heat effect is significant under high current. Energy accumulates in the coil, and the aluminum wire gasifies at high temperature, causing an explosion that generates a huge shock wave. At the same time, after aluminum gasifies, the contact surface with water increases greatly. Aluminum and water react chemically to produce hydrogen, releasing huge energy, further increasing the impact force. The superposition of these two forces causes the soil layer to be squeezed and crushed, achieving the hole expansion effect. The pile hole profile after hole expansion is shown in Figure 4 (7 is the original soil layer position, and 8 is the soil layer position after hole expansion).

(3) If the single hole expansion does not meet the specified requirements, repeat steps (1)-(2) until the hole expansion is completed.

In an optional embodiment, the number of turns, size and shape (amount of winding aluminum wire) of the coil can be adjusted according to the parameter requirements of the hole expansion, so that the entire hole expansion process can be completed by setting a single discharge.

In an optional embodiment, a wire feeding mechanism and a water replenishing mechanism may be added to automatically replenish the consumed aluminum wire and water, and automatically discharge the soil debris out of the hole along with the water.

It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A pile foundation perforating method, characterized in that a pile foundation perforating device is adopted, and the pile foundation perforating device comprises: the high-voltage electrode (1), the grounding electrode (2), the aluminum wire (3), the water inlet pipe (5) and the water outlet pipe (6); the aluminum wire (3) is arranged on the surface of the soil layer (4), and two ends of the aluminum wire are respectively connected with the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding electrode (2); the space between the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding electrode (2) is filled with water; the perforating method comprises the following steps:

s1: the aluminum wires (3) are closely attached to the soil layer (4) and are arranged on the surface of the soil layer (4) in parallel along strips, and two ends of the aluminum wires (3) are respectively connected with the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding electrode (2);

S2: introducing water between the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding electrode (2) through the water inlet pipe (5), so that the space between the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding electrode (2) is filled with water, and meanwhile, the aluminum wire (3) is immersed in the water;

s3: the high-voltage electrode (1) and the grounding electrode (2) are discharged, so that high pulse current flows in the aluminum wire (3), energy is accumulated in the aluminum wire (3) rapidly due to the Joule heating effect, the aluminum wire (3) is gasified at high temperature, a large impact wave is generated by explosion to form a first impact force, meanwhile, a second impact force is generated by water discharge, in addition, the contact surface between the aluminum wire (3) and water is greatly increased after the aluminum wire (3) is gasified, the aluminum wire (3) and the water are subjected to chemical reaction to generate hydrogen to form a third impact force, and the three impact forces are superposed to cause extrusion and crushing of a soil layer;

s4: the soil residue enters a water outlet pipe (6) along with water and is discharged out of the pile hole;

S5: after the single hole opening is finished, the aluminum wire (3) is refilled;

S6: repeating the steps S2-S5 until the holes are formed to the designated depth.

2. Pile foundation perforating method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the pile foundation perforating device further comprises a wire feeding mechanism for automatically supplementing the aluminium wire (3) after the end of a single perforating operation, facilitating the continuous automatic execution of the perforating operation.

3. The pile foundation perforating method of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pile foundation perforating device further comprises a liquid supplementing mechanism for automatically supplementing water according to the consumption of water after the perforating operation is finished.