CN108703761B - Method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity - Google Patents
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012076 audiometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 208000009205 Tinnitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000886 tinnitus Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A61B5/121—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/12—Audiometering
- A61B5/128—Audiometering evaluating tinnitus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining the test frequency: selecting a test frequency according to the actual operation requirement; s2, determining the optimal recognition sensitivity time course: carrying out conventional pure tone audiometry at the selected test frequency to obtain a conventional hearing threshold; performing a stimulation time course test by using a conventional hearing threshold to obtain an optimal recognition sensitivity time course; s3, determining the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity: and taking the test frequency and the optimal recognition sensitivity time interval as test parameters, taking a conventional hearing threshold as a center, and taking the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity as a test step to test to obtain the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity. The method for testing the auditory identification sensitivity by changing the stimulation sound intensity and the time course is used for obtaining the identification sensitivity of a test subject to the sound intensity and the time course and then carrying out other audiological examinations.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of human ear hearing tests, in particular to a method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity.
Background
The auditory process of human ear is a complex physiological process, which is directly related to the mechanical structure of human ear and the characteristics of auditory nervous system, and the ability of human ear to judge the tiny changes of parameters such as sound pressure, time course, frequency and direction is called the auditory identification sensitivity.
The human ear can withstand the strongest sounds in nature, sometimes as high as 2X 103-2X 104Pa, while also being able to perceive the slightest sounds, e.g. 2X 10-5Pa, which are one fiftieth of one atmosphere. This very slight sound pressure produces a displacement of the tympanic membrane of the human ear of only 10-9cm at 1kc, which is less than one tenth of the diameter of a hydrogen molecule. When the sound pressure changes, the loudness heard by a person changes. For example, when the sound pressure level is above 50dB, the minimum sound pressure level difference that can be distinguished by human ears is about 1 dB; and when the sound pressure level is less than 40dB, the sound pressure level can be detected by changing 1-3 dB.
The human ear is also sensitive to the time course of the acoustic stimulation, can recognize the sound with the shortest duration of 100ms, can enable the hair cells which feel the sound with the frequency to reach a saturated state in about 300ms, and then gradually adapts to the sound with the increase of the stimulation time course, and possibly the recognition sensitivity to the sound intensity is reduced.
For example, pure-tone audiometry is the most commonly used method for testing the auditory state of human ears at present, the selected parameters are almost uniform in the testing process, all subjects give fixed sound-giving time courses and sound-giving intensities to measure the auditory state, individual differences are rarely considered, but in clinical phenomena, the auditory recognition sensitivities of different people to sound are found to be very different, for example, people with completely normal hearing have very good auditory recognition sensitivities, sound stimulation with shorter time courses can make accurate response, the stimulation time courses are too long, auditory fatigue is easy to cause, people with serious hearing damage can have poor auditory recognition sensitivities, the selection of time courses and intensities is different from that of normal people, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing the hearing recognition sensitivity with more accurate and reliable test results.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining the test frequency: selecting a test frequency according to actual operation requirements;
s2, determining the optimal recognition sensitivity time course: carrying out conventional pure tone audiometry at the selected test frequency to obtain a conventional hearing threshold; performing a stimulation time course test by using a conventional hearing threshold to obtain an optimal recognition sensitivity time course;
s3, determining the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity: and taking the determined test frequency and the optimal recognition sensitivity time interval as test parameters, taking the measured conventional hearing threshold as a center, and taking the selectable optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity as a test step to carry out test to obtain the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity.
In some embodiments, the test frequency in step S1 is: low frequency 250Hz, medium frequency 1000Hz, high frequency 4000 Hz.
In some embodiments, the stimulation time interval test of step S2 is performed by giving test stimulation sounds of different time intervals, recording the response time of the subject under different time intervals, and optimally identifying the sensitive time interval as the shortest stimulation sound time interval that the subject responds within the normal response time.
In some embodiments, the step S3 further includes: and taking the measured conventional hearing threshold as a center, taking the selectable optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity as a test step to increase the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity and reduce the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity for testing, giving sound and recording whether the subject reacts, and obtaining the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity according to the change of the test hearing threshold of the subject.
In some embodiments, the selectable optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensities are 1dB, 2dB, and 5dB, and the test order is 5dB, 2dB, and 1 dB.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the recognition sensitivity of a testee to sound intensity and time course by changing the stimulation sound intensity and the time course to explore the hearing recognition sensitivity, and then carrying out other audiological examinations such as pure tone audiometry, tinnitus examination, tinnitus sound treatment fitting and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the results of an experiment with an optimal recognition sensitivity of 1 dB;
FIG. 3 is a graph of experimental results with an optimal recognition sensitivity of 2 dB;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of an experiment in which the optimal recognition sensitivity was 5 dB.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Fig. 1 schematically shows a method of testing hearing recognition sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity includes the steps of:
s1, determining the test frequency: selecting a test frequency according to the actual operation requirement, wherein the test frequency can be selected in the range of the auditory frequency of human ears;
the human ear's perception range to sound is 20-20000Hz, wherein the test range of pure sound audiometry is 125-8000Hz, wherein almost all the daily sound frequencies are covered, 125-8000Hz is often divided into low frequency, middle frequency and high frequency, the human ear's recognition sensitivity to sound in three intervals is different, the middle frequency is most sensitive, the high frequency is second order, and the low frequency is least sensitive.
Any frequency can be selected for operation in the test process, and the center frequency of a low-frequency interval, a medium-frequency interval or a high-frequency interval can be selected as the test frequency, so that the method has better reference, saves the measurement of all frequencies, and increases unnecessary workload. The low frequency can be 250Hz, the medium frequency can be 1000Hz, and the high frequency can be 4000 Hz.
S2, determining the optimal recognition sensitivity time course: carrying out conventional pure tone audiometry at the selected test frequency to obtain a conventional hearing threshold; performing a stimulation time course test by using a conventional hearing threshold to obtain an optimal recognition sensitivity time course;
the same operation is carried out on all the three selected frequencies, the examinee is informed of pressing the response key at the fastest speed after hearing the sound of the earphone, the detection equipment is provided with a timing device, the timing is started after the stimulation sound stops, the examinee is informed of stopping pressing the response key, and the time interval is the reaction time T. The operator gives out the stimulating sounds of different time courses in turn, and the reaction time of the testee under different time courses is recorded.
The response time T of normal persons is 150-400ms, and when a stimulating sound with a certain shortest time interval is given, the subject can respond within the normal response time, and the time interval is the optimal identification sensitivity time of the subject.
The optimal recognition sensitivity time course is helpful for judging the optimal response time of the test subject to the stimulation sound, and the stimulation time course can be used for improving the test efficiency and accurately obtaining the result when pure tone audiometry or other audiological examinations are carried out subsequently.
S3, determining the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity: after the best recognition sensitivity time interval is determined, the best recognition sensitivity sound intensity test is carried out, and the same operation is carried out on all the selected three frequencies. And taking the determined test frequency and the optimal recognition sensitivity time interval as test parameters, taking the measured conventional hearing threshold as a center, and taking the selectable optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity as a test step to carry out test to obtain the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity.
The selectable optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensities are 1dB, 2dB and 5dB, and the test sequence is 5dB, 2dB and 1 dB. And taking the measured conventional hearing threshold as a center, taking the selectable optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity as a test step to increase the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity and reduce the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity for testing, giving sound and recording whether the subject reacts, and obtaining the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity according to the change of the test hearing threshold of the subject.
Example 2
Based on the method of example 1, the specific test procedures for the subjects are exemplified as follows:
taking 1000Hz as an example, a conventional pure tone audiometry is performed at 1000Hz, and a hearing threshold under a conventional condition is measured, for example, if the conventional audiometry threshold of 1000Hz of a subject is 10dBHL, a stimulation time course test is performed at 10dBHL by the following method:
and informing the subject, pressing the response key at the fastest speed after hearing the sound of the earphone, and starting timing after the stimulating sound stops until the subject stops pressing the response key, wherein the time course is the reaction time T.
The operator gives a stimulus sound of 1000Hz, 10dBHL for 300ms, 500ms, 1s or even longer in sequence, and the reaction time of the subject at different time intervals is recorded.
The response time T of normal persons is 150-400ms, and when a stimulating sound with a certain shortest time interval is given, the subject can respond within the normal response time, and the time interval is the optimal identification sensitivity time of the subject. For example, a subject's response time for the course when hearing a 300ms stimulus sound is 500ms (> T), a response time for the 500ms stimulus course is 300ms (within T), and a response time for the 1s stimulus course is 200ms (within T), then the subject's best recognition sensitivity course should be 500ms (shortest and within T).
The test parameters of 1000Hz and 500ms are used below, and the subject is informed that the answer key is pressed when the test sound of the earphone is heard, centering on the conventional audiometric threshold of 10 dBHL. The test is 5dB, 2dB and 1dB in sequence.
5dB frequency step is adopted, a test of 5dB increase and 5dB decrease is carried out by taking 10dB as a center, sound is given, whether the test subject reacts or not is recorded, and the reaction is recorded as 'Y' and the non-reaction is recorded as 'N'; using 2dB frequency step, using 10dB as center to make test of raising 2dB and 4dB and lowering 2dB and 4dB, giving sound and recording whether the tested person is reacted or not, and recording that the reaction is "Y" and the non-reaction is "N"; the test was performed with 1dB frequency step and 10dB centered at 1dB up and 2dB down, and the test was asked to note whether the test subjects responded or not, and the response was recorded as "Y" and the non-response was recorded as "N".
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the test with the optimal recognition sensitivity of 1 dB.
Referring to fig. 2, when the subject uses 5dB intensity to test the threshold value at 10dB HL, the 2dB intensity to test the hearing threshold becomes 8dB HL, which proves that the 5dB step is too coarse, preferably 2dB, and the 1dB intensity to test the threshold value at 9dB HL, which proves that the subject has high sensitivity to sound intensity, and the difference of 1dB can be distinguished, so that the best recognition sensitivity intensity of the subject is finally determined to be 1 dB.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the results of an experiment with an optimal recognition sensitivity of 2 dB.
Referring to fig. 3, the subject tested at 5dB intensity with a threshold of 10dB HL, the hearing threshold of 2dB was changed to 8dB HL, which demonstrates that 5dB steps are too coarse, preferably 2dB, and the threshold was still 8dB HL after 1dB intensity testing, which is not changed, indicating that the subject was not sensitive to 1dB intensity change, and the best recognition sensitivity intensity was determined to be 2 dB.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of an experiment in which the optimal recognition sensitivity was 5 dB.
Referring to fig. 4, the threshold of the test was 10dB HL for the subject tested at 5dB intensity, and the hearing threshold was still 10dB HL for the 2dB intensity, indicating that it was difficult to identify the 2dB intensity variation, and the optimal identification sensitivity was 5 dB.
The optimal recognition sensitivity intensity can change the traditional pure tone audiometry method which uses 5dB as a test, the intensity with higher precision is adopted for the frequency with high sensitivity, and the measured hearing threshold is most consistent with the real hearing threshold of human ears.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept herein, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for testing the hearing recognition sensitivity is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, determining the test frequency: selecting a test frequency according to actual operation requirements;
s2, determining the optimal recognition sensitivity time course: carrying out conventional pure tone audiometry at the selected test frequency to obtain a conventional hearing threshold; performing a stimulation time course test by using a conventional hearing threshold to obtain an optimal recognition sensitivity time course;
the method for carrying out the stimulation time course test comprises the following steps: giving out test stimulus sounds of different time courses, recording the reaction time of the testee under different time courses, and taking the shortest stimulus sound time course of the testee reacting in normal reaction time as the optimal identification sensitive time course;
s3, determining the optimal recognition sensitive sound intensity: and taking the determined test frequency and the optimal recognition sensitivity time interval as test parameters, taking the measured conventional hearing threshold as a center, taking the selectable optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity as a test step to increase the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity and decrease the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity for testing, giving sound and recording whether the test subject reacts or not, and obtaining the optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensity according to the change of the test hearing threshold of the test subject.
2. The method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity according to claim 1, wherein the testing frequency in the step S1 is: low frequency 250Hz, medium frequency 1000Hz, high frequency 4000 Hz.
3. The method for testing hearing recognition sensitivity of claim 1, wherein the selectable optimal recognition sensitivity sound intensities are 1dB, 2dB, and 5dB, and the test sequence is 5dB, 2dB, and 1 dB.
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