CN108841822A - 纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA,所述纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的粒径较小,可以避开免疫系统到达最小的毛细血管,延长在血流中的停留时间;且其具有较高的靶标选择性、较长的半衰期。所述siRNA干扰的基因位点为第157位核苷酸;所述的siRNA序列为:Sense 5’‑ggcaucaucaaaugcuagutt‑3’,Antisense 5’‑acuagcauuugaugaugcctt‑3’。本发明还提供了上述纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法和应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA,尤其是纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
手足口病是由肠道病毒引起的常见传染病,以婴幼儿发病为主,以发热和手、足、口腔等部位的皮疹或疱疹为主要特征。大多数患者症状轻微,但是少数患者可并发心肌炎、肺水肿、急性弛缓性麻痹、无菌性脑膜炎、脑炎等致命性并发症,个别重症患儿病情进展迅速,易引起死亡。手足口病自2008年在中国首次大规模爆发以来,每年均有不同程度的流行,常导致各地幼儿园被迫停课停园,给社会和经济带来巨大的负面影响。肠道病毒71型(EV71)是引起手足口病的主要病原。近十年来手足口病的发病率和死亡率一直居高不下的主要因素是EV71病毒有多种基因型,流行中不断变化,某些位点的基因突变会引起病毒致病性的改变,使手足口病的防治面临着巨大的压力。目前还没有有效的药物治疗,临床主要是对症和支持治疗,因此,防治手足口病的疫苗及有效的药物是亟待解决的问题。
EV71病毒灭活疫苗在2015年取得临床批件,但是近年来EV71病毒的发病率并没有下降,主要原因有:疫苗株采用的是C4亚型EV71病毒株,临床流行株可能存在变异的特点造成疫苗的预防效果不佳;另外,疫苗免疫后第6个月中和抗体效价开始下降,保护期限有限。目前针对手足口病尚无有效药物,临床上仍以对症及支持治疗为主,因此,有效抗手足口病病原的药物研究,尤其是广谱抗手足口病病原的药物研究有重要的意义。
RNA干扰技术可以针对病毒基因组保守区域发挥作用,从而在一定程度上限制了病毒产生逃避突变株的能力。RNA干扰技术所具有的对靶基因沉默作用的特异性、高效性、稳定性以及不改变宿主基因组等特性,为RNA干扰技术在抗病毒治疗中的应用提供了可能,并决定了其用于治疗疾病时可以出现药效强、不良反应小的特性。但siRNA是亲水的带负电的大分子,限制了其被组织细胞摄取,且在生物体内极不稳定,易被RNA酶降解。而且常用的siRNA转运载体如腺病毒易引发细胞突变及免疫反应,阳离子脂质体对原代细胞、免疫细胞等转染效率低下。因此,寻找一种合适的载体,将siRNA安全、高效、稳定运载到胞内是siRNA药物走向临床应用的关键问题。纳米颗粒拥有小尺寸效应、表面效应和宏观量子隧道效应等优良特性,由于其特殊的物理化学性质,作为药物的转运载体时,可将药物包裹在内部,减少药物进入体内后发生降解、水解及氧化还原反应,增强药物的稳定性。
硒是人体必需微量元素,在生物体内主要以硒蛋白的形式发挥生物功能和参与各种生理环节。硒和硒蛋白参与病毒性疾病发生发展的作用机制也是人们当前感兴趣的研究热点。研究表明硒参与许多病毒感染的发生、毒力以及病毒性疾病的发生和发展过程;宿主细胞内的硒含量会影响许多入侵病毒的突变、复制和毒力。硒的缺失会引起一些RNA病毒基因组突变的积累,如柯萨奇病毒B3、AIDS、甲型流感病毒、非典型性肺炎冠状病毒和埃博拉病毒,导致与病毒毒力相关的基因结构发生变化。
目前纳米硒运载siRNA的抗病毒研究尚未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供上述纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA,所述纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的粒径较小,可以避开免疫系统到达最小的毛细血管,延长在血流中的停留时间;且其具有较高的靶标选择性、较长的半衰期。
本发明的目的之二是提供上述纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法。
本发明的目的之三是提供上述纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的应用。
本发明的目的之一通过下述方法实现:一种纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA,所述siRNA干扰的基因位点为第157位核苷酸;
所述的siRNA序列为:
Sense 5’-ggcaucaucaaaugcuagutt-3’,
Antisense 5’-acuagcauuugaugaugcctt-3’。
本发明的目的之二通过下述方法实现:一种如上所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将维生素C溶液与亚硒酸钠溶液于透析袋中混合,搅拌,置于水中进行透析,得纯化后纳米硒溶液;
步骤2:将所述的纳米硒溶液中,加入聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和siRNA,搅拌,离心弃上清,将沉淀冷冻干燥,即得。
其中,所述步骤1中维生素C溶液的浓度为400μg/ml;所述亚硒酸钠溶的浓度为400μg/ml;所述维生素C溶液与亚硒酸钠溶的体积比为1:40。
其中,所述步骤1的搅拌速度为200-300rpm,搅拌时间为0.5-1h。所述步骤2的搅拌速度为200-300rpm,搅拌时间为0.5-1h。
其中,所述步骤2的离心速度为8000-12000rpm,离心时间为15-30min。
其中,所述步骤1的维生素C溶液与亚硒酸钠溶液混合的方式为:将维生素C溶液逐滴加入到亚硒酸钠溶液中。
其中,所述步骤1的反应条件为23℃-27℃。
本发明的目的之三通过下述方法实现:一种如上所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA应用于制备抑制EV71病毒感染的药物。
其中,本发明相对于现有技术,具有以下优点:
本发明制备的能够抑制EV71病毒VP1基因的siRNA的抑制位点在第157位点,通过PCR及Western blot验证了针对该位点设计的siRNA对沉默VP1基因有较高效率。其中PCR实验证实VP1基因的核酸表达显著抑制了62%,即该siRNA的转染效率为38%;Western blot实验证实该siRNA经纳米硒运载转染后,VP1蛋白表达量减少。
siRNA是亲水的带负电的大分子,限制了其被组织细胞摄取,且在生物体内极不稳定,易被RNA酶降解。而且常用的siRNA转运载体如腺病毒易引发细胞突变及免疫反应,阳离子脂质体对原代细胞、免疫细胞等转染效率低下。纳米颗粒拥有小尺寸效应、表面效应和宏观量子隧道效应等优良特性,由于其特殊的物理化学性质,作为药物的转运载体时,可将药物包裹在内部,减少药物进入体内后发生降解、水解及氧化还原反应,增强药物的稳定性。
因为纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的粒径较小,可以避开免疫系统到达最小的毛细血管,并且延长在血流中的停留时间;其次,纳米硒-siRNA载体经过修饰,增强siRNA的靶标选择性或者提高siRNA克服生物体的屏障,高效达到靶点;其三,纳米载体的外层经过化学修饰,提高了其溶解度和生物相容性,可以避开网状内皮系统的清除,具有更长的半衰期,甚至可控性释放siRNA;第四,提高负载siRNA的利用效率。
附图说明
图1为纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备及表征图;
图2为纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA对Vero细胞存活率检测图;
图3为运用纳米硒、PEI转染siRNA的干扰效率图;
图4是SeNPs、Se@PEI和Se@PEI@siRNA的电位分布图;
图5是测定纳米硒运载siRNA对Vero细胞毒性的结果图;
图6是测定纳米硒运载siRNA的干扰效果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明的权利要求做进一步的详细说明,但不构成对本发明的任何限制,任何在本发明权利要求保护范围内所做的有限次修改,仍在本发明的权利要求保护范围内。
实施例1
(1)针对EV71病毒VP1基因siRNA的设计合成
选择亚洲地区流行的C4亚型EV71病毒VP1基因区,设计并化学合成siRNA。
干扰的基因位点为第157位核苷酸,siRNA序列为:
Sense 5’-ggcaucaucaaaugcuagutt-3’,
Antisense 5’-acuagcauuugaugaugcctt-3’。
其中乱序阴性对照siRNA(scramble siRNA)序列为:
Sense 5’-gcaagaauggugcacccautt-3’;
Antisense 5’-augggugcaccauucuugctt-3’。
(2)纳米硒体系制备及表征
将0.1ml 400μg/ml维生素C溶液逐滴加入到4ml 400μg/ml亚硒酸钠溶液中,磁力搅拌2小时,经透析后获取纯化后纳米硒溶液。取上述纳米硒溶液,加入PEI和siRNA,磁力搅拌1h,反应后的溶液10000rpm离心10分钟,去离子水洗三遍,样品冷冻干燥得到纳米硒运载siRNA纳米载药体系。
将纳米硒-siRNA用PBS缓冲液重悬后通过透射电镜观察形貌特征,通过粒度仪检测,结果详见图1-4,图中:
图1中a和b分别是纳米硒(SeNPs)、聚乙烯亚胺修饰的纳米硒溶液(Se@PEI)和聚乙烯亚胺修饰的、经纳米硒运载的siRNA(Se@PEI@siRNA)的透射电镜图。从图中可以看出未经修饰的SeNPs容易出现团聚,功能化后的纳米硒(即Se@PEI、Se@PEI@siRNA)比SeNPs分散均匀。
图2是Se@PEI@siRNA的丁达尔效应图。
图3是SeNPs、Se@PEI和Se@PEI@siRNA的粒径分布,从图中可以看出SeNPs平均粒径为200nm,Se@PEI平均粒径为100nm,Se@PEI@siRNA平均粒径为80nm。显然Se@PEI@siRNA的粒径更小,更容易进入细胞。
图4是SeNPs、Se@PEI和Se@PEI@siRNA的电位分布,从图中可以看出,SeNPs的电位为-25mv,Se@PEI的电位为6mv,Se@PEI@siRNA电位为12mv。从电位的数据分析,Se@PEI@siRNA电位的绝对值比SeNPs大,说明稳定性比SeNPs好。
(3)纳米硒运载siRNA对Vero细胞毒性测定
细胞存活率用MTT法进行测定:
用0.25%胰酶消化细胞,以4×104个/ml接种于96孔板中,每孔100μl。
置于37℃、5%CO2培养箱培养24h后,分别加入SeNPs、Se@PEI、Se@PEI@siRNA溶液各100μl,继续培养12h。
加入5mg/ml 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT),20μl/孔,37℃孵育5h后吸弃培养板孔中的液体,加入二甲基亚砜(DMSO),150μl/孔,振荡10min,紫色结晶物充分溶解后,测定各孔OD570值。以对照组OD570为100%,计算药物处理组细胞存活率。细胞存活率(%)=(OD570实验组/OD570对照组)×100%。结果详见图5,图中:
MTT法测不同药物组分(对照组、病毒感染细胞组、病毒感染细胞+SeNPs组、病毒感染细胞Se@PEI、病毒感染细胞+Se@PEI@siRNA组)对细胞处理后作用效果。
显示病毒感染细胞后,细胞存活率率为37%,相对于对照组明显下降。病毒感染细胞后,分别SeNPs,Se@PEI和Se@PEI@siRNA处理后,细胞存活率分别为42%、40%、73%。以上数据显示病毒感染细胞后,细胞存活率相对于对照组明显下降。病毒感染细胞后,分别加纳米硒和PEI修饰的纳米硒处理后,相对于对照组有所上升。纳米硒运载siRNA,细胞存活率相对于其它组分明显上升。
(4)纳米硒运载siRNA的干扰效果
Vero细胞在EV71病毒感染前,未加入其它成分处理(EV71组),或分别加入纳米硒SeNPs、SeNPs@PEI、经聚乙烯亚胺修饰并由纳米硒运载的阴性对照siRNA(Se@PEI@scramblesiRNA)、Se@PEI@siRNA,12h后,弃上清液,PBS洗3遍后加入病毒滴度为100TCID50的EV71病毒液孵育2h,换新鲜的含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基继续培养48h,提取细胞RNA,扩增VP1基因,根据CT值计算Se@PEI@siRNA对VP1基因mRNA表达的抑制效率。
结果显示:详见图6,转染Se@PEI@scramble siRNA后VP1基因核酸表达为未转染对照组(EV71组)的94%,结果没有统计学差异;转染SeNPs@PEI siRNA后VP1的核酸表达降低为38%,未转染对照组(EV71组)相比有显著性差异,即其干扰效率为62%。
综上所述,经PEI修饰的纳米硒能有效运载siRNA进入细胞并发挥高效的干扰作用,进而对抗病毒感染引起的细胞凋亡。
序列表
<110> 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心
<120> 纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA及其制备方法与应用
<160> 4
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 21
<212> DNA/RNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
ggcaucauca aaugcuagut t 21
<210> 2
<211> 21
<212> DNA/RNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
acuagcauuu gaugaugcct t 21
<210> 3
<211> 21
<212> DNA/RNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
gcaagaaugg ugcacccaut t 21
<210> 4
<211> 21
<212> DNA/RNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 4
augggugcac cauucuugct t 21
Claims (10)
1.一种纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA,其特征在于,所述siRNA干扰的基因位点为第157位核苷酸;
所述的siRNA序列为:
Sense 5’-ggcaucaucaaaugcuagutt-3’,
Antisense 5’-acuagcauuugaugaugcctt-3’。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1:将维生素C溶液与亚硒酸钠溶液于透析袋中混合,搅拌,置于水中进行透析,得纯化后纳米硒溶液;
步骤2:将所述的纳米硒溶液中,加入聚乙烯亚胺和siRNA,使二者终浓度分别为40μM和2.5nM,搅拌,离心弃上清,将沉淀冷冻干燥,即得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中维生素C溶液的浓度为400μg/ml。
4.根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中亚硒酸钠溶的浓度为400μg/ml。
5.根据权利要求3所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1中维生素C溶液与亚硒酸钠溶的体积比为1:40。
6.根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1的搅拌速度为200-300rpm,搅拌时间为0.5-1h。
7.根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2的搅拌速度为200-300rpm,搅拌时间为0.5-1h。
8.根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤2的离心速度为8000-12000rpm,离心时间为15-30min。
9.根据权利要求2所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤1的维生素C溶液与亚硒酸钠溶液混合的方式为:将维生素C溶液逐滴加入到亚硒酸钠溶液中。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的纳米硒负载VP1基因siRNA应用于制备抑制EV71病毒感染的药物。
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