CN108873415B - Liquid crystal display device and driving method - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device and driving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108873415B CN108873415B CN201810846717.6A CN201810846717A CN108873415B CN 108873415 B CN108873415 B CN 108873415B CN 201810846717 A CN201810846717 A CN 201810846717A CN 108873415 B CN108873415 B CN 108873415B
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3607—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals for displaying colours or for displaying grey scales with a specific pixel layout, e.g. using sub-pixels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3614—Control of polarity reversal in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3696—Generation of voltages supplied to electrode drivers
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- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
A liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the second substrate is provided with an entire auxiliary reference electrode, the first substrate is provided with a plurality of first signal lines and a plurality of second signal lines, the first substrate is defined by a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated from each other and crossed to form a plurality of sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel is internally provided with a pixel electrode block and a common electrode block; each pixel electrode block is correspondingly connected with one scanning line and one data line through a first switch element, and each common electrode block of each sub-pixel of the odd-numbered columns is correspondingly connected with one scanning line and one first signal line through the first switch element; each common electrode block of each sub-pixel of the even-numbered columns is correspondingly connected with one scanning line and one second signal line through the second switching element.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof.
Background
A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays.
Liquid crystal display devices are now gradually developed toward wide viewing angles, and wide viewing angles can be realized by using liquid crystal display devices of an in-plane switching mode (IPS) or a fringe field switching mode (FFS). The wide viewing angle design enables the user to see a complete and undistorted picture from all directions. However, in the current society, people pay more and more attention to protecting their privacy, and do not like to take out and share with people. In public places, the content is always expected to be kept secret when the user watches a mobile phone or browses a computer. Therefore, the display with single viewing angle mode has not been able to satisfy the user's requirement. In addition to the requirement of a wide viewing angle, there is also a need to be able to switch or adjust the display device to a narrow viewing angle mode where privacy is required.
The wide-narrow visual angle switchable display is realized, because the alternating current common voltage for providing the narrow visual angle is generally the whole surface, and the voltage of the pixels (pixels) on the array substrate is divided into positive and negative polarities, when the narrow visual angle is displayed, the voltages at two ends of the liquid crystal on the positive polarity pixels and the negative polarity pixels are slightly different, so that the display picture is rough.
In order to solve the above problems, Two technical means are mainly adopted at present, one of which is to implement Pixel charging and alternating common voltage (AC Vcom) charging through a dual gate (dual gate) architecture, the AC Vcom must charge Two Sub-pixels (Sub pixels) simultaneously, the narrow viewing angle picture pixels can only implement Two-Column inversion (Two columns inversion), cannot implement one-Column inversion (one columns inversion), and the narrow viewing angle picture display is rough, as shown in fig. 1; secondly, the charging of the AC Vcom is realized by a separate AC Vcom charging circuit, the AC Vcom can only charge more than one row of gates, and the narrow viewing angle picture can only be inverted by rows, as shown in fig. 2.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the existing liquid crystal display device cannot adopt single-column inversion when an alternating voltage is applied to a common electrode in a narrow viewing angle mode, and improving the display effect of the liquid crystal display device in the narrow viewing angle mode.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a liquid crystal display device, comprising a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the second substrate is provided with a whole auxiliary reference electrode, the first substrate is provided with a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of first signal lines and a plurality of second signal lines, the first substrate is provided with a plurality of sub-pixels formed by mutually insulating and crossing the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of data lines, each sub-pixel is internally provided with a pixel electrode block and a common electrode block, the plurality of first signal lines, the plurality of second signal lines and the plurality of scanning lines are positioned on the same layer and extend along the same direction, a scanning line, a first signal line and a second signal line are arranged between two rows of sub-pixels adjacent up and down, the pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel is correspondingly connected with the scanning line and the data line through a first switching element, the common electrode block in each sub-pixel in the odd-numbered columns is correspondingly connected with a scanning line and a first signal line through a second switching element, the common electrode block in each sub-pixel in the even-numbered columns is correspondingly connected with a scanning line and a second signal line through a second switching element, the first signal lines are connected and uniformly applied with a first common voltage, and the second signal lines are connected and uniformly applied with a second common voltage.
Furthermore, the pixel electrode block and the common electrode block in each sub-pixel are located on different layers, the common electrode block is located below the pixel electrode block, the common electrode block and the pixel electrode block are both slit electrodes, and each electrode strip of the common electrode block and each electrode strip of the pixel electrode block are arranged in a vertically staggered mode.
Further, the plurality of first signal lines are connected to each other in a non-display area of the liquid crystal display device, and the plurality of second signal lines are connected to each other in the non-display area of the liquid crystal display device.
In one example, n rows of sub-pixels, n +1 scanning lines, n +1 first signal lines, and n +1 second signal lines are disposed on the first substrate; in the sub-pixel of the x-th row, a pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel at the odd position is connected with a corresponding data line and an x +1 th scanning line, a common electrode block in each sub-pixel at the odd position is connected with the x-th scanning line and an x-th first signal line, a pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is connected with a corresponding data line and an x +1 th scanning line, and a common electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is connected with the x +1 th scanning line and an x +1 th second signal line, wherein n is a positive integer greater than 1, and the value of x is a positive integer less than or equal to n.
In one example, n rows of sub-pixels, n +1 scanning lines, n +1 first signal lines, and n +1 second signal lines are provided on the first substrate; in the sub-pixel of the x-th row, a pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel at the odd position is connected with a corresponding data line and an x-th scanning line, a common electrode block in each sub-pixel at the odd position is connected with the x-th scanning line and an x-th first signal line, a pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is connected with a corresponding data line and an x + 1-th second signal line, and a common electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is connected with the x + 1-th scanning line and an x + 1-th second signal line, wherein n is a positive integer greater than 1, and the value of x is a positive integer less than or equal to n.
In one example, n rows of sub-pixels, n scanning lines, n first signal lines and n second signal lines are arranged on the first substrate; in the sub-pixel of the x-th row, a pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel at the odd position is connected with a corresponding data line and an x-th scanning line, a common electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is connected with the x-th scanning line and an x-th first signal line, a pixel electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is connected with a corresponding data line and an x-th scanning line, and a common electrode block in each sub-pixel at the even position is respectively connected with the x-th scanning line and an x-th second signal line, wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1, and x is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
The present invention also provides a driving method of the liquid crystal display device as described above, the driving method comprising:
in a first visual angle mode, applying a direct current reference voltage to the auxiliary reference electrode, uniformly applying a first direct current common voltage to the first signal lines, and uniformly applying a second direct current common voltage to the second signal lines, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks and the auxiliary reference electrode is smaller than a preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a direct current reference voltage is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode, a first alternating current public voltage is uniformly applied to the first signal lines, a second alternating current public voltage is uniformly applied to the second signal lines, and the voltage difference between all the public electrode blocks and the auxiliary reference electrode is larger than a preset value.
Further, in the first view angle mode, the first dc common voltage and the second dc common voltage are the same as the dc reference voltage, so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks and the auxiliary reference electrode is zero.
Further, in the second viewing angle mode, the first ac common voltage and the second ac common voltage have opposite polarities, and the first ac common voltage and the second ac common voltage are both reversed in polarity once per frame.
Further, the liquid crystal layer adopts positive liquid crystal molecules, the first visual angle mode is a wide visual angle mode, and the second visual angle mode is a narrow visual angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer uses negative liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
According to the liquid crystal display device and the driving method provided by the invention, the common electrode block is arranged in each sub-pixel and is connected with the signal line through the second switching element, so that alternating voltage can be applied to the common electrode block in a narrow viewing angle mode, direct voltage can be applied to the auxiliary reference electrode, single-column inversion driving of liquid crystal polarity is realized, and the display effect of the liquid crystal display device in the narrow viewing angle mode is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of polarity inversion of liquid crystal at a narrow viewing angle in a prior art liquid crystal display device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of polarity inversion of liquid crystal in a narrow viewing angle in another prior art liquid crystal display device.
Fig. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display device in a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device in a wide viewing angle mode according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a voltage waveform diagram in the wide view angle mode in the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display device in a narrow viewing angle mode according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7a is a waveform diagram of a first ac common voltage in the narrow viewing angle mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7b is a waveform diagram of the second ac common voltage in the narrow viewing angle mode according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a circuit configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display device in a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a circuit configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display device in a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display device in a fourth embodiment of the present invention in a narrow viewing angle mode.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display device in a fourth embodiment of the present invention in a wide viewing angle mode.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[ first embodiment ]
As shown in fig. 4, a first embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal display device, which includes a display panel, and the display panel includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20 disposed opposite to the first substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 30 located between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, wherein the first substrate 10 is a Thin Film Transistor array (TFT) substrate, and the second substrate 20 is a color filter substrate.
The first substrate 10 is provided with a plurality of common electrode blocks 15, a plurality of data lines 17, a plurality of scanning lines 16, a first signal line 18 and a second signal line 19, the first substrate 10 is defined by the plurality of data lines 17 and the plurality of scanning lines 16 being insulated from each other and crossed to form a plurality of sub-pixels SP, each sub-pixel SP is provided with a first switching element 11, a second switching element 12, a pixel electrode block 13 and a common electrode block 15, the plurality of first signal lines 18, the plurality of second signal lines 19 and the plurality of scanning lines 16 are positioned on the same layer and extend along the same direction, a scanning line 16 is arranged between two adjacent rows of sub-pixels SP, each pixel electrode block 13 is correspondingly connected with a scanning line 16 and a data line 17 through the first switching element 11, the common electrode block 15 positioned in each sub-pixel SP of an odd column is correspondingly connected with a scanning line 16 and a first signal line 18 through the second switching element 12, the common electrode block 15 located in each sub-pixel SP of the even-numbered columns is connected to one scan line 16 and one second signal line 19 through one second switching element 12, the plurality of first signal lines 18 are connected and uniformly applied with the first common voltage Vcom1, and the plurality of second signal lines 19 are connected and uniformly applied with the second common voltage Vcom 2.
Specifically, the first drain 114 of the first switching element 11 is connected to the pixel electrode block 13, the first source 113 of the first switching element 11 is connected to the data line 17, and the first gate 111 of the first switching element 11 is connected to the scan line 16; the second drain 124 of the second switching element 12 is connected to the common electrode block 15, the second source 123 of the second switching element 12 is connected to the first signal line 18 or the second signal line 19, and the second gate 121 of the second switching element 12 is connected to the scanning line 16.
In this embodiment, the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 are located on different layers on the first substrate 10, the common electrode block 15 is located below the pixel electrode block 13, the common electrode block 15 and the pixel electrode block 13 are both slit electrodes, each electrode strip 151 of the common electrode block 15 and each electrode strip 131 of the pixel electrode block 13 are staggered from top to bottom, and referring to fig. 4, the pixel electrode block 13 is closer to the liquid crystal layer 30 than the common electrode block 15.
The second substrate 20 is provided with a color resist layer 22, a Black Matrix (BM)23, a planarization layer, and an auxiliary reference electrode 21 on the entire surface on the side facing the liquid crystal layer 30. The color resist layer 22 includes, for example, color resist materials of three colors of red R, green G, and blue B, and sub-pixels SP (sub-pixels) of the three colors of red, green, and blue are formed correspondingly. The black matrix is positioned between the sub-pixels SP of three colors of red, green and blue, so that adjacent sub-pixels SP are spaced apart from each other by the black matrix 23. In the present embodiment, the color resist layer 22 and the black matrix 23 are provided on the surface of the second substrate 20 on the side facing the liquid crystal layer 30, the auxiliary reference electrode 21 is provided on the color resist layer 22 and the black matrix 23, and the planarization layer is provided on the auxiliary reference electrode 21, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the structure and the order between the respective film layers may be appropriately adjusted.
Further, the plurality of first signal lines 18 are connected to each other in the non-display area (below the black matrix 23) of the liquid crystal display device, and the plurality of second signal lines 19 are connected to each other in the non-display area of the liquid crystal display device.
The pixel electrode block 13, the common electrode block 15, and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 may be made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide ITO, indium zinc oxide IZO, or the like.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 30 are positive liquid crystals, and the positive liquid crystal molecules have the advantage of fast response. As shown in fig. 3, in an initial state (i.e., a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display device), the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 assume a lying posture substantially parallel to the substrates 10, 20, i.e., a long axis direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates 10, 20. In practical applications, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 and the substrates 10 and 20 may have a small initial pretilt angle, which may range from less than or equal to 10 degrees, that is: 0 DEG ≦ theta ≦ 10 deg.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 4, in the embodiment, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a DC reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode 21, a first DC common voltage DC Vcom1 is uniformly applied to the first signal lines 18, and a second DC common voltage DC Vcom2 is uniformly applied to the second signal lines 19, so that voltage differences between all the common electrode blocks 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 are smaller than a predetermined value (e.g., smaller than 1V). At this time, since the voltage difference between the common electrode block 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 is hardly changed and is maintained in the lying posture, so that the liquid crystal display device realizes normal wide viewing angle display.
Fig. 5 shows a manner of supplying voltage signals in the sub-pixels SP in the wide viewing angle mode, the DC reference voltage Vref applied by the auxiliary reference electrode 21 may be a constant 0V, and the DC common voltages DC Vcom1 and DC Vcom2 applied through the first signal line 18 and the second signal line 19 may also be a constant 0V, so that the common voltage applied to each common electrode block 15 is the same as the DC reference voltage Vref, and the voltage difference between each common electrode block 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 is zero, thereby achieving a good wide viewing angle effect.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 6, in the embodiment, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a dc reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode 21, a first AC common voltage AC Vcom1 is uniformly applied to the first signal lines 18, and a second AC common voltage AC Vcom2 is uniformly applied to the second signal lines 19, so that voltage differences between all the common electrode blocks 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 are greater than a predetermined value (e.g., greater than 1.5V). At this time, because the voltage difference between the common electrode block 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 is large, a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 6) is generated in the liquid crystal cell between the array substrate 10 and the color filter substrate 20, and because the positive liquid crystal molecules rotate in a direction parallel to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the positive liquid crystal molecules deflect under the action of the vertical electric field E, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 10 and 20 is increased and tilted, the liquid crystal molecules are changed from the lying posture to the inclined posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle observation light leakage, the contrast is reduced and the viewing angle is narrowed in the oblique viewing direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes narrow viewing angle display.
FIG. 7a illustrates a waveform diagram of a first alternating common voltage AC Vcom1 in a narrow view angle mode; fig. 7b shows a waveform diagram of the second AC common voltage AC Vcom2 in the narrow viewing angle mode, in the same frame, the first AC common voltage AC Vcom1 is opposite to the second AC common voltage AC Vcom2 in polarity, that is, the polarities of the sub-pixels SP of two adjacent columns are opposite, and the first AC common voltage AC Vcom1 and the second AC common voltage AC Vcom2 are both changed in polarity once per frame, that is, the liquid crystal display device adopts column inversion driving.
Further, the voltage applied to the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP has the same polarity as the voltage applied to the pixel electrode block 13, so that the voltage polarity of each sub-pixel SP is either the same positive or the same negative.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 3, for convenience of illustration, G1, G2, G3 and G4 respectively represent a plurality of scan lines 16, S11, S12, S13 and S14 represent a plurality of first signal lines 18, S21, S22, S23 and S24 represent a plurality of second signal lines 19, and the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 are illustrated separately, and the specific structure and positional relationship thereof may refer to fig. 4. The first substrate 10 is provided with n rows of sub-pixels SP, n +1 scanning lines 16, n +1 first signal lines 18 and n +1 second signal lines 19; in the sub-pixel SP of the x-th row, the pixel electrode block 13 in each sub-pixel SP at the odd-numbered position is connected to the corresponding data line 17 and the x + 1-th scan line 16, the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP at the odd-numbered position is connected to the x-th scan line 16 and the x-th first signal line 18, the pixel electrode block 13 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is connected to the corresponding data line 17 and the x + 1-th scan line 16, and the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is connected to the x + 1-th scan line 16 and the x + 1-th second signal line 19, where n is a positive integer greater than 1 and x is a positive integer less than or equal to n. That is, the common electrode block 15 and the pixel electrode block 13 of each row of the sub-pixels SP located at the odd-numbered positions are charged with the scanning lines 16 of two rows at the same time, the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 of each row of the sub-pixels SP located at the even-numbered positions are charged with the scanning lines 16 of the same row, and the number of the scanning lines 16 needs to be one more than the number of rows of the sub-pixels SP. Since the black matrix 23 on the second substrate 20 corresponding to the scan line 16 is wider than the black matrix 23 corresponding to the data line 17, the first signal line 18 and the second signal line 19 are disposed beside the scan line 16, so as to increase the aperture ratio and reduce the loss of transmittance, and the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display device reaches 47.67%.
In the embodiment, a common electrode block 15 is arranged in each sub-pixel SP, the common electrode block 15 is connected with the scanning line 16 through the second switching element 12, an alternating current voltage is applied to the common electrode block 15 in the narrow viewing angle mode, and a direct current reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode 21, so that the voltage difference between adjacent sub-pixels SP with different positive and negative polarities is reduced, single-column inversion driving of the liquid crystal display device is realized, and the display effect of the liquid crystal display device in the narrow viewing angle mode is improved.
[ second embodiment ]
As shown in fig. 4, a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 8, n rows of sub-pixels SP, n +1 scanning lines 16, n +1 first signal lines 18, and n +1 second signal lines 19 are disposed on a first substrate 10; in the sub-pixel SP of the x-th row, the pixel electrode block 13 in each sub-pixel SP at the odd-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line 17 and the x-th scan line 16, the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP at the odd-numbered position is connected with the x-th scan line 16 and the x-th first signal line 18, the pixel electrode block 13 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line 17 and the x + 1-th second signal line 19, and the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is connected with the x + 1-th scan line 16 and the x + 1-th second signal line 19, wherein n is a positive integer greater than 1, and x is a positive integer less than or equal to n. That is, the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 in each row of the sub-pixels SP located at the odd-numbered positions are charged by the same row of the scanning line 16, the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 in each row of the sub-pixels SP located at the even-numbered positions are charged by the same row of the scanning line 16, and the number of the scanning lines 16 needs to be one more than the number of rows of the sub-pixels SP. By adopting the wiring method, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 47.67%.
The rest of the structure and the operation principle of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third embodiment ]
As shown in fig. 4, a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, except that, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 9, n rows of sub-pixels SP, n scanning lines 16, n first signal lines 18, and n second signal lines 19 are disposed on a first substrate 10; in the sub-pixel SP of the x-th row, the pixel electrode block 13 in each sub-pixel SP at the odd-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line 17 and the x-th scanning line 16, the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is connected with the x-th scanning line 16 and the x-th first signal line 18, the pixel electrode block 13 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line 17 and the x-th scanning line 16, and the common electrode block 15 in each sub-pixel SP at the even-numbered position is respectively connected with the x-th scanning line 16 and the x-th second signal line 19, wherein n is a positive integer greater than 1, and x is a positive integer less than or equal to n. That is, the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 in each row of the sub-pixels SP located at the odd-numbered positions are charged by the same scanning line 16, the pixel electrode block 13 and the common electrode block 15 in each row of the sub-pixels SP located at the even-numbered positions are charged by the same scanning line 16, and the number of the scanning lines 16 is equal to the number of rows of the sub-pixels SP. By adopting the wiring mode, an extra scanning line 16 is not needed, but the AC signal needs to be on the same side as the Gate, the aperture ratio is lost, and the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display device is 45.86%.
[ fourth embodiment ]
As shown in fig. 10, the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment, except that in this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 30 uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and referring to fig. 10, in the initial state (i.e., the liquid crystal display device is not applied with any voltage), the negative liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 have a larger initial pretilt angle with respect to the substrates 10 and 20, i.e., the negative liquid crystal molecules are in an inclined posture with respect to the substrates 10 and 20 in the initial state.
Narrow view angle mode: referring to fig. 10, in the embodiment, in the narrow viewing angle mode, a DC reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode 21, a first DC common voltage DC Vcom1 is uniformly applied to the first signal lines 18, and a second DC common voltage DC Vcom2 is uniformly applied to the second signal lines 19, so that voltage differences between all the common electrode blocks 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 are smaller than a predetermined value. (e.g., less than 1V). At this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 is small, the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 is hardly changed and remains in a tilted posture, so that the liquid crystal display device has large-angle viewing light leakage, the contrast is reduced in the oblique viewing direction, and the viewing angle is narrowed, and at this time, the liquid crystal display device realizes narrow viewing angle display.
Wide view angle mode: referring to fig. 11, in the present embodiment, in the wide viewing angle mode, a dc reference voltage Vref is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode 21, a first AC common voltage AC Vcom1 is uniformly applied to the first signal lines 18, and a second AC common voltage AC Vcom2 is uniformly applied to the second signal lines 19, so that voltage differences between all the common electrode blocks 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 are greater than a predetermined value. (e.g., greater than 1.5V), wherein the second predetermined value is greater than or equal to the first predetermined value. At this time, since the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks 15 and the auxiliary reference electrode 21 is large, a strong vertical electric field E (as shown by an arrow in fig. 11) is generated between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 in the liquid crystal cell, and since the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected in a direction perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of the electric field, the negative liquid crystal molecules are deflected under the action of the vertical electric field E, so that the tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the substrates 10 and 20 is reduced, the phenomenon of large-angle light leakage of the liquid crystal display device is correspondingly reduced, the contrast ratio is improved and the viewing angle is increased in the oblique viewing direction, and the liquid crystal display device finally realizes wide-viewing-angle display.
The rest of the structure and the operation principle of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The above embodiments are only examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A liquid crystal display device comprising a first substrate (10), a second substrate (20) arranged opposite to the first substrate (10), and a liquid crystal layer (30) between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20),
the second substrate (20) is provided with a whole auxiliary reference electrode (21), the first substrate (10) is provided with a plurality of scanning lines (16), a plurality of data lines (17), a plurality of first signal lines (18) and a plurality of second signal lines (19), the first substrate (10) is defined by the plurality of scanning lines (16) and the plurality of data lines (17) which are mutually insulated and crossed to form a plurality of sub-pixels (SP), each sub-pixel (SP) is internally provided with a pixel electrode block (13) and a common electrode block (15), the plurality of first signal lines (18), the plurality of second signal lines (19) and the plurality of scanning lines (16) are positioned on the same layer and extend along the same direction, a scanning line (16), a first signal line (18) and a second signal line (19) are arranged between two rows of up and down adjacent sub-pixels (SP), and the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) passes through a first switching element (11) and a scanning line (19) (16) And a data line (17), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) of the odd-numbered columns is correspondingly connected with a scanning line (16) and a first signal line (18) through a second switching element (12), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) of the even-numbered columns is correspondingly connected with a scanning line (16) and a second signal line (19) through a second switching element (12), the plurality of first signal lines (18) are connected and uniformly applied with a first common voltage (Vcom1), and the plurality of second signal lines (19) are connected and uniformly applied with a second common voltage (Vcom 2).
2. The lcd device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pixel electrode block (13) and the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) are located at different layers and the common electrode block (15) is located below the pixel electrode block (13), the common electrode block (15) and the pixel electrode block (13) are both slit electrodes, and the respective electrode strips (151) of the common electrode block (15) and the respective electrode strips (131) of the pixel electrode block (13) are vertically staggered from each other.
3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of first signal lines (18) are connected to each other in a non-display area of the liquid crystal display device, and the plurality of second signal lines (19) are connected to each other in the non-display area of the liquid crystal display device.
4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate (10) is provided with n rows of sub-pixels (SP), n +1 scanning lines (16), n +1 first signal lines (18), and n +1 second signal lines (19); in the sub-pixel (SP) of the x-th row, the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the odd position is connected with the corresponding data line (17) and the x +1 th scanning line (16), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the odd position is connected with the x-th scanning line (16) and the x-th first signal line (18), the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even position is connected with the corresponding data line (17) and the x +1 th scanning line (16), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even position is connected with the x +1 th scanning line (16) and the x +1 th second signal line (19), wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1, and x is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein n rows of the sub-pixels (SP), n +1 scanning lines (16), n +1 first signal lines (18), and n +1 second signal lines (19) are provided on the first substrate (10); in the sub-pixel (SP) of the x-th row, the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the odd-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line (17) and the x-th scanning line (16), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the odd-numbered position is connected with the x-th scanning line (16) and the x-th first signal line (18), the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line (17) and the x + 1-th second signal line (19), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even-numbered position is connected with the x + 1-th scanning line (16) and the x + 1-th second signal line (19), wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1, and the value of x is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein n rows of the sub-pixels (SP), n scanning lines (16), n first signal lines (18), and n second signal lines (19) are provided on the first substrate (10); in the sub-pixel (SP) of the x-th row, the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the odd-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line (17) and the x-th scanning line (16), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even-numbered position is connected with the x-th scanning line (16) and the x-th first signal line (18), the pixel electrode block (13) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even-numbered position is connected with the corresponding data line (17) and the x-th scanning line (16), the common electrode block (15) in each sub-pixel (SP) at the even-numbered position is respectively connected with the x-th scanning line (16) and the x-th second signal line (19), wherein n is a positive integer larger than 1, and x is a positive integer smaller than or equal to n.
7. A driving method of a liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the driving method comprises:
in a first viewing angle mode, a direct current reference voltage (Vref) is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode (21), a first direct current common voltage (DC Vcom1) is uniformly applied to the first signal lines (18), a second direct current common voltage (DC Vcom2) is uniformly applied to the second signal lines (19), and the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks (15) and the auxiliary reference electrode (21) is smaller than a preset value;
in a second viewing angle mode, a direct current reference voltage (Vref) is applied to the auxiliary reference electrode (21), a first alternating common voltage (AC Vcom1) is uniformly applied to the first signal lines (18), and a second alternating common voltage (AC Vcom2) is uniformly applied to the second signal lines (19), so that the voltage difference between all the common electrode blocks (15) and the auxiliary reference electrode (21) is greater than a preset value.
8. The driving method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the first viewing angle mode, the first DC common voltage (DC Vcom1) and the second DC common voltage (DC Vcom2) are the same as the DC reference voltage (Vref), such that the voltage difference between all common electrode blocks (15) and the auxiliary reference electrode (21) is zero.
9. The driving method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the second viewing angle mode, the first AC common voltage (AC Vcom1) and the second AC common voltage (AC Vcom2) have opposite polarities, and the first AC common voltage (AC Vcom1) and the second AC common voltage (AC Vcom2) are each inverted once per frame.
10. The driving method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the liquid crystal layer (30) employs positive liquid crystal molecules, the first viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode, and the second viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode; alternatively, the liquid crystal layer (30) uses negative liquid crystal molecules, and the first viewing angle mode is a narrow viewing angle mode and the second viewing angle mode is a wide viewing angle mode.
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