CN108938073B - Femoral neck anteversion angle indicator - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a femoral neck forward tilting angle indicator; it is used for installing on the femur nailing device, and indicates the forward inclination angle. The clamping strip seat is used for abutting against the wall part of the nailing machine and is clamped with the arc clamping strip in a dovetail groove type manner, so that the arc clamping strip rotates around the center of the arc clamping strip in the clamping strip seat, the arc angle disc can rotate synchronously with the positioning nail, the angle of the rotating positioning nail can be intuitively reflected by means of the angle change when the force line rod rotates to the horizontal position, the driving of the fixing nail can be accurately assisted, the fixing nail is ensured to be driven at the middle position of the femoral head, and the operation deviation is avoided; the use of the nail box has the advantages that the nail box plays a role in improving the existing femur nailing, terminates the nailing condition in the industry always according to personal experience, greatly improves the operation precision and quality, and provides great help for orthopedics doctors and novice users with rich experience.

Description

Femoral neck anteversion angle indicator

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a femoral neck anteversion angle indicator.

Background technique

The femoral heads are the two bones that support the upper part of the body. The specific location is under the pelvis. There is an acetabulum on one side of the pelvis. The two femoral heads fit in with the acetabulum to support the upper body. If you look at it from the outside, it is at the back and lower part of the buttocks. The femur is the most important bone in the human body, and the femoral head is even more important. People's upright walking, activities, and labor all rely on the support of the femoral head. Therefore, the femoral head is also the most vulnerable part to injury.

With the advancement of technology, femoral head necrosis has been effectively treated medically, and only the artificial femoral head needs to be replaced. However, when replacing the artificial femoral head, the femoral neck needs to be sawed off, and positioning pins are driven into the femoral body, and then fixed pins are installed on the basis of the positioning pins to install the artificial femoral head on the head of the femoral neck.

The anteversion angle is the angle formed by the line connecting the central axis of the human femoral neck and the midpoint of the medial and lateral femoral condyles. It is also called the torsion angle. The normal range is between 12° and 15°. It may also appear depending on the structure of the human body. The anteversion angle is the phenomenon of forward and backward tilt; before installing the artificial femoral head, it is necessary to use a C-shaped arm to measure the anteversion angle and determine the insertion angle of the positioning nail.

Although the anteversion angle can be accurately measured before surgery, existing nail drivers do not have an angle indication function when inserting nails, and can only be measured by experienced orthopedic surgeons based on their clinical experience combined with the C-arm. The anteversion angle is estimated to drive the positioning nail, and this inaccurate nailing method can easily cause the fixation nail to deviate from the center of the femoral neck. Some interns will even drive the fixation nail outside the femoral neck, causing additional damage to the femoral neck. Injury occurs and causes additional pain to the patient; fixation nails that deviate from the femoral neck cannot connect well with the artificial femoral head, resulting in poor surgical quality and even the need for re-nailing.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a femoral neck anteversion angle indicator with a simple structure, reasonable design, and easy use in view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art. It includes a T-shaped plug, a force rod, an arc-shaped angle plate, an arc The arc-shaped angle plate has scale lines on both sides of the zero position. The short arc angle range on one side of the zero position is 1-5 degrees, and the circular angle on the other side of the zero position. The arc angle range is 10-30 degrees; the bottom of the T-shaped plug is fixed at the zero position of the arc-shaped angle plate, and the center line of the crossbar of the T-shaped plug points to the vertical line where the center of the arc-shaped angle plate is; the arc-shaped angle The bottom of the plate is fixed with an arc-shaped clamping strip with a trapezoidal cross-section. The length of the arc-shaped clamping strip is equal to the length of the arc-shaped angle plate. The center of the arc-shaped clamping strip and the center of the arc-shaped angle plate are on the same vertical line; The card strip holder is provided with a dovetail groove that matches the arc-shaped clamp strip. The arc-shaped clamp strip is buckled in the dovetail groove of the card strip holder. The arc-shaped clamp strip can be wound around the arc-shaped clamp strip in the dovetail groove of the card strip holder. The center of the circle rotates freely; there are elastic screws at the bottom of the clip holder; the elastic screws penetrate the clip holder; one end of the force line rod is equipped with a socket that matches the T-shaped plug, and the force line rod can be detachably plugged into the T-shaped plug. on the plug.

Further: it also includes a level. The other end of the force line rod has a socket that is plugged into the level. The level is detachably plugged into the socket.

Further: it also includes a clamping plate and mounting screws. The clamping plate is welded to the inside of the clamping strip holder. The clamping plates are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical center line of the inner surface of the clamping strip holder; one of the clamping plates is provided with a through-hole. Card board mounting screws.

Further: the elastic screws are claw screws.

Further: the length of the force line rod is 5-10cm.

After adopting the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the femoral neck anteversion angle indicator of the present invention is used to be installed on the femoral nailing device to intuitively indicate the anteversion angle. Its clamping strip holder is used to be close to the outer wall of the nailer, and is used for dovetail groove clamping with the arc-shaped clamping strip to ensure that the arc-shaped clamping strip always surrounds the arc-shaped clamping strip in the clamping strip holder. The center of the circle rotates, thereby ensuring that the arc-shaped angle plate also rotates around the center of the positioning nail. The arc-shaped angle plate can rotate synchronously with the positioning nail. With the help of the angle change when the force line rod is turned to the horizontal position, it can be intuitively It reflects the angle at which the positioning nail is rotated. At the same time, adjust the angle hole of the fixed nail reserved in the positioning nail toward the middle of the femoral head, so as to accurately assist the fixation nail in driving into the femoral head and ensure that the fixation nail is driven into the middle of the femoral head. Avoid surgical deviation; its use has played a role in improving the existing femoral nailing, ending the situation in the industry where nailing has been based on personal experience. Its use does not require experienced doctors to operate in person, and can save experienced experts. Resources serve other patients and have made huge strides in orthopedics.

Description of the drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application, but do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the clip holder and clip plate in Figure 1 after welding;

Figure 3 is a top view of the T-shaped plug and arc-shaped angle plate in Figure 1 after welding;

Figure 4 is a rear view of the arc-shaped angle disk in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention when installed on a nailer.

Explanation of reference symbols:

1-Propulsion rod, 2-Rod base, 3-Height adjuster, 4-Connecting elbow, 5-Forward tilt indicator, 5-1T-shaped plug, 5-2 Force rod, 5-21 socket, 5-3 Arc angle plate, 5-4 arc clamp strip, 5-5 elastic screw, 5-6 clamp strip holder, 5-61 dovetail groove, 5-7 level, 5-8 installation screw, 5-9 clamp plate, 6-positioning nail, 7-fixation nail, 8-femoral body, 9-femoral head.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions are only used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1-5, the femoral neck anteversion angle indicator according to this specific embodiment includes a T-shaped plug 5-1, a force rod 5-2, an arc-shaped angle plate 5-3, and an arc-shaped clip. Bar 5-4, elastic screw 5-5, clip seat 5-6; there are scale marks on both sides of the zero position of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3, and the short arc angle range on the zero side is 1- 5 degrees, the arc angle range on the other side of the zero position is 10-30 degrees; the bottom of the T-shaped plug 5-1 is fixed at the zero position of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3, and the cross bar of the T-shaped plug 5-1 The center line points to the vertical line where the center of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3 is located; the bottom of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3 is fixed with an arc-shaped clamping bar 5-4 with a trapezoidal cross-section. The length is equal to the length of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3, and the center of the arc-shaped clip 5-4 and the center of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3 are on the same vertical line; the clip seat 5-6 is provided with and The curved clip strip 5-4 matches the dovetail groove 5-61. The curved clip strip 5-4 is buckled in the dovetail groove 5-61 of the clip strip holder 5-6. The curved clip strip 5-4 is in the clip strip holder. The dovetail groove 5-61 of 5-6 can freely rotate around the center of the arc-shaped clip 5-4; the bottom of the clip holder 5-6 is provided with an elastic screw 5-5; the elastic screw 5-5 penetrates the clip holder 5-6; One end of the force line rod 5-2 is provided with a socket 5-21 that matches the T-shaped plug 5-1, and the force line rod 5-2 is detachably plugged into the T-shaped plug 5-1.

As further shown in Figure 1: it also includes a level 5-7. The other end of the force rod 5-2 has a socket 5-21 that is plugged into the level 5-7. The level 5-7 is detachable. Plugged into the socket 5-21, the level 5-7 is designed to facilitate intuitive judgment that the wire rod 5-2 is in a horizontal position, which is of great help to young and newly practicing doctors; the detachable level 5-7 It can also ensure that the level 5-7 is removed and cleaned separately when cleaning and disinfecting the instrument to prevent damage to the level 5-7.

As further shown in Figures 1 and 2: it also includes clamping plates 5-9 and mounting screws 5-8. The clamping plates 5-9 are welded on the inside of the clamping strip base 5-6. The clamping plates 5-9 are symmetrically distributed on On both sides of the vertical center line of the inner surface of the clamp strip holder 5-6; one of the clamp plates 5-9 is provided with mounting screws 5-8 that penetrate the clamp plate 5-9; the design of the clamp plate 5-9 facilitates the entire indication To install the nailer, you only need to clamp the outer wall of the nailer between the two clamping plates 5-9, tighten the installation screws 5-8, and press the installation screws 5-8 against the outer wall of the nailer to complete the installation and fixation.

As further shown in Figure 1: the loosening screws 5-5 are claw screws. The claw screws are designed to facilitate manual tightening and can be easily rotated without the use of additional tools, providing great convenience during surgery.

Further: the length of the force line rod 5-2 is 5-10cm; the longer the force line rod 5-2 is, the closer it can be to the positioning nail, which is convenient for observing the horizontal position, but if it is too long, it will hinder the operation. The length of the wire rod 5-2 is 8cm, which will better meet the needs of surgery.

The femoral neck anteversion angle indicator according to the present invention can be integrated with the clip base 5-6 and the rod base 2 of the nailer when the nailer is manufactured, or it can be directly installed on an existing existing nailer. On the nailer; when used in the factory to produce an integrated nailer, measure the length D from the positioning nail 6 to the outside of the rod base 2 when the nailer is in use according to the model of the nailer (refer to Figures 1 and 3 combination), so the radius of the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3 can be determined, just select the matching forward tilt angle indicator 5 of appropriate size, place the selected clip seat 5-6 against the outside of the rod seat 2 and then Just weld (refer to Figure 1); when the forward tilt indicator 5 is installed on the nailer in use, you need to use the forward tilt indicator 5 with the clamp 5-9. At this time, you need to use the clamp 5- 9. Clamp the outer wall of the rod base 2 to ensure that the clip holders 5-6 are close to the outer wall of the rod base 2 (refer to Figure 1), and then tighten the installation screws 5-8 to complete the installation and fixation.

When using the nailer with the anteversion angle indicator 5 installed, first use the C-shaped arm to measure the anteversion angle of the femoral neck of the human body and measure the specific degree of the anteversion angle. If it is normal anteversion, use the arc shape in Figure 3 The 0-30 degree range of the angle plate 5-3. If partial backward tilt is measured, use the 0-5 degree range, and then rotate the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3 according to the angle value measured by the C-shaped arm. The angle plate 5-3 is limited by the dovetail groove 5-61 structure of the arc clamp strip 5-4 and the clamp strip seat 5-6, and can only rotate around the vertical centerline of the positioning nail 6, and at the same time drive the T-shaped plug 5- 1. The force line rod 5-2 and the level 5-7 rotate together around the vertical centerline of the positioning nail 6. The angle of rotation is read through the relative angle change between the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3 and the outer wall of the rod base 2. , this angle value must be equal to the angle value measured by the C-shaped arm; when rotating the arc-shaped angle plate 5-3, if the force line rod 5-2 is blocked by the rod base 2, remove the force line rod 5-2 Remove it, insert it into the other side of the T-shaped plug 5-1, and then reset it when it rotates through the rod base 2; when the angle after rotation is equal to the angle measured by the C-shaped arm, tighten the elastic screw 5-5, the elastic screw When 5-5 is against the bottom of the arc-shaped clamping bar 5-4, the arc-shaped clamping bar 5-4 can be fixed to prevent the arc-shaped angle disk 5-3 from rotating freely. At this time, the force line rod 5-2 and the horizontal opening The staggered angle between the nailers is exactly equal to the angle measured by the C-shaped arm (i.e., the anteversion angle or the posterior inclination angle); when everything is ready, start installing the positioning nails 6, and install the nailing device with the anteversion angle indicator 5 and the femur. When the body 8 is fixed, it is used in the same way as the existing nailing device. First, drive the positioning nail 6 (i.e., the main nail) into the femoral body 8 of the lying human body, then place the nailing device horizontally, and connect the head of the elbow 4 The bottom buckle is connected to the top of the positioning nail 6. When the nail driver rotates as a whole, it can drive the positioning nail 6 to rotate along the axis in the femoral body 8 to change the direction of the reserved hole for the fixing nail in the positioning nail 6, because the fixing nail is pre-set. The direction of the remaining hole determines the nailing angle of the fixing nail 7. The difference in the nailing angle between the fixing nail 7 and the horizontal plane is the size of the forward tilt angle, and it is also equivalent to the adjusted force line rod 5-2 around the positioning nail 6. The angle when the center line returns to the horizontal position. After the nailer and the positioning nail 6 are fixed, hold the push rod 1 to rotate the entire nailer, driving the entire forward angle indicator 5 to rotate. When the force line rod 5-2 rotates back When it reaches the horizontal position, the rotation angle of the positioning pin 6 is the forward tilt angle. At this time, the fixing pin 7 can be aligned with the reserved hole for the fixing pin of the positioning pin 6. Then install the fixing pin 7 on the push rod 1 and turn the push rod 1. , push the fixing nail 7 into the reserved hole for the fixing nail in the positioning nail 6, and then continue to rotate the push rod 1 to push the fixing nail 7 to the center line of the femoral neck to ensure that the nail insertion angle is accurate at one time; the force line rod Senior doctors can judge whether the 5-2 is level or not by sight, and novice doctors can use the level 5-7 to judge; when the current inclination range is a small value near 0 degrees, insert the force rod 5-2 into the T-shaped plug 5- The outer end of 1, because the force rod 5-2 is inserted into the T-shaped plug 5-1, the inner and outer rotation directions are opposite, so the usage principle is the same as the above when leaning forward and backward. Because the principle of reverse push is relatively simple, No cumbersome description will be given here.

Because the forward tilt angle range of normal people is between 12-15 degrees, a design of 0-30 degrees is sufficient. However, a very small number of people will tilt backward, and even if they tilt backward, it will not exceed 5 degrees, so a 5-degree backward tilt angle is set. The tilting range is sufficient.

The femoral neck anteversion angle indicator of the present invention is used to be installed on a femoral nailing device to intuitively indicate the anteversion angle. Its clamping strip holder is used to be close to the outer wall of the nailer, and is used for dovetail groove clamping with the arc-shaped clamping strip to ensure that the arc-shaped clamping strip always surrounds the arc-shaped clamping strip in the clamping strip holder. The center of the circle rotates, thereby ensuring that the arc-shaped angle plate also rotates around the center of the positioning nail. The arc-shaped angle plate can rotate synchronously with the positioning nail. With the help of the angle change when the force line rod is turned to the horizontal position, it can be intuitively It reflects the angle at which the positioning nail is rotated. At the same time, adjust the angle hole of the fixed nail reserved in the positioning nail toward the middle of the femoral head, so as to accurately assist the fixation nail in driving into the femoral head and ensure that the fixation nail is driven into the middle of the femoral head. Avoid surgical deviation; its use has played a role in improving the existing femoral nailing, ending the situation in the industry where nailing has been based on personal experience. Its use does not require experienced doctors to operate in person, and can save experienced experts. Resources serve other patients and have made huge strides in orthopedics.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications based on the structures, features and principles described in the patent application scope of the present invention are included in the patent application scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. Femoral neck anteversion angle indicator, which is characterized in that: it is used in a femoral nailing device, and it includes a T-shaped plug (5-1), a force rod (5-2), and an arc-shaped angle plate (5-3 ), arc-shaped clamp strip (5-4), elastic screw (5-5), clamp strip holder (5-6); there are scale marks on both sides of the zero position of the arc-shaped angle plate (5-3) , the short arc angle range on one side of the zero position is 1-5 degrees, and the arc angle range on the other side of the zero position is 10-30 degrees; the bottom of the T-shaped plug (5-1) is fixed on the arc-shaped angle plate ( 5-3) At the zero position, the center line of the horizontal bar of the T-shaped plug (5-1) points to the vertical line where the center of the arc-shaped angle plate (5-3) is; An arc-shaped clamping strip (5-4) with a trapezoidal cross-section is fixed at the bottom. The length of the arc-shaped clamping strip (5-4) is equal to the length of the arc-shaped angle plate (5-3). The arc-shaped clamping strip (5-4) is fixed at the bottom. The center of the circle of 4) and the center of the arc-shaped angle plate (5-3) are on the same vertical line; the clip seat (5-6) is provided with a dovetail groove (5-6) that matches the arc-shaped clip (5-4) 5-61), the arc-shaped clamping strip (5-4) is buckled in the dovetail groove (5-61) of the clamping strip holder (5-6), and the arc-shaped clamping strip (5-4) is in the clamping strip holder (5- The dovetail groove (5-61) of 6) can freely rotate around the center of the arc-shaped clamping strip (5-4); the bottom of the clamping strip holder (5-6) is provided with an elastic screw (5-5); the elastic screw ( 5-5) Penetrate the clip holder (5-6); one end of the force line rod (5-2) is provided with a socket (5-21) that matches the T-shaped plug (5-1), and the force line rod (5-2) is detachably plugged into the T-shaped plug (5-1); it also includes a clamping plate (5-9) and mounting screws (5-8). The clamping plate (5-9) is welded to the card. Inside the strip seat (5-6), the clamping plates (5-9) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the vertical center line of the inner surface of the clamping strip seat (5-6); one of the clamping plates (5-9) is provided with There are mounting screws (5-8) that penetrate the card plate (5-9); When installing the indicator, clamp the outer wall of the nailer between the two clamping plates (5-9), tighten the mounting screws (5-8), and place the mounting screws (5-8) against the outer wall of the nailer. The installation and fixation can be completed; When in use, rotate the arc-shaped angle plate (5-3) according to the angle value measured by the C-shaped arm, drive the positioning nail (6) into the femoral body (8) of a lying human body, and then place the nailing device horizontally , fasten the head of the connecting elbow (4) to the top of the positioning nail (6). After the nailer and the positioning nail (6) are fixed, hold the push rod (1) and rotate the entire nailer to drive the entire front The inclination indicator (5) rotates, and when the force rod (5-2) rotates back to the horizontal position, the rotation angle of the positioning pin (6) is the forward inclination angle. 2. The femoral neck anteversion angle indicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a level (5-7), and the other end of the force line rod (5-2) has a level and a level (5-7). 7) The phase plug socket (5-21), the level (5-7) is detachably plugged into the socket (5-21). 3. The femoral neck anteversion angle indicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the loosening screws (5-5) are claw screws. 4. The femoral neck anteversion angle indicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the force line rod (5-2) is 5-10cm.