CN109004245A - A kind of finned cylindrical battery mould group of poling - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, in particular to a tube-through-finned cylindrical battery module, which includes a battery sleeve, a cylindrical battery and a fin group. The fin group consists of several fins arranged in parallel. The fins are provided with assembly round holes that match the battery sleeves, and the battery sleeves are vertically mounted on the assembly holes of the fins and cooperate with the fins. The inner diameter of the battery sleeves is consistent with the The outer diameter of the cylindrical battery is matched, and the cylindrical battery is connected in series end to end and installed in the battery casing. The present invention can solve the problems of uneven temperature field distribution and local overheating in non-specific areas of horizontally arranged cylindrical battery packs connected in series in the prior art. The battery module has higher specific energy density and can take into account good uniformity. Temperature, temperature control performance and low cost, light weight and manufacturability requirements.

Description

A tube-through-fin cylindrical battery module

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, and specifically relates to a tube-through-fin cylindrical battery module.

Background technique

At present, the power battery cells of electric vehicles and energy storage systems mainly have structural forms such as cylindrical batteries, square batteries and pouch batteries. Cylindrical winding battery cells are the earliest, most mature, and most stable lithium-ion batteries. The production process is mature. The standardization, consistency, and safety of batteries are high. The overall cost is also low, and the assembled battery modules have high energy density. , are widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems of many companies.

Cylindrical batteries have a small cell capacity and require a large number of cells. Temperature differences are prone to occur inside the battery. It is necessary to strengthen heat dissipation management to improve the uniformity of temperature distribution. With the continuous improvement of the structural size and energy density of the battery module, due to the limitation of cost, structure and reliability, the challenge of the temperature uniformity of the battery module is also increasing. Too high or too low ambient temperature will affect the performance and life of the lithium battery. Therefore, the battery system should be cooled when the temperature is high in summer, and the battery system should be heated when the temperature is low in winter, so that the battery is in an appropriate temperature range to ensure its safety. performance, efficiency and longevity.

For battery modules, due to the different locations of battery cells and individual differences, the local temperature rise caused by the high heat generation of individual batteries and the formation of thermoelectric positive feedback may lead to more serious runaway temperature and thermal runaway. Different from traditional heat exchangers or heat dissipation systems of heat-generating equipment, the key problem faced by the thermal management of battery modules is not heat dissipation or heat absorption. The heat dissipation or heat absorption problems can be solved by setting the heat exchanger reasonably. Instead, it is necessary to solve the problem of uneven temperature field distribution of the battery module, a large-scale, uneven, and low-energy-density heating system, and the solution is strictly limited by cost, structure, and weight. Furthermore, the local overheating of the battery module occurs in a non-specific area, and the process of thermal runaway is uncertain, so it is impossible to optimize the heat transfer structure design in advance.

At present, most of the research on the problem of uneven temperature distribution in cylindrical battery packs usually adopts the solution of optimizing flow field design, enhancing medium heat transfer and temperature measurement and control system. Most of these researches and technical solutions do not distinguish between location-induced temperature difference and local heating. In particular, many solutions are difficult to implement due to shortcomings in cost, weight, manufacturability and reliability.

Therefore, for the problem of uneven temperature field with low energy density and local overheating in non-specific areas, it is necessary to effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency. The focus of research is to control the uneven heat generation below the critical point so that it cannot form thermoelectric positive feedback. In order to effectively control local overheating, it will not cause thermal runaway.

Compared with the vertical group of cylindrical battery packs, horizontal battery packs arranged horizontally and connected in series can make more efficient use of space and achieve higher volumetric energy density. The heating power of the battery pack is also greater, and it is necessary to study the control scheme of local overheating and uniform temperature control of the battery module that is compatible with it.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tube-through-finned cylindrical battery module to solve the problems of uneven temperature field distribution and local overheating in non-specific areas of horizontally arranged cylindrical battery packs connected in series in the prior art, taking into account Uniform temperature, temperature control performance and low cost, light weight and manufacturability requirements.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tube-through-fin cylindrical battery module, including a battery casing, a cylindrical battery and a fin group, the fin group is composed of several fins arranged in parallel, The fins are provided with assembly round holes that match the battery casings, and the edges of the assembly holes extend outward to form flanges; the battery casings are vertically mounted on the assembly holes on the fins and are aligned with the The fins are matched, the inner diameter of the battery sleeve matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery, and each of the battery sleeves is equipped with one or more cylindrical batteries; when the battery sleeve is equipped with multiple For the cylindrical battery, the plurality of cylindrical batteries are connected in series end to end. The tube-through-fin cylindrical battery module is also provided with a casing.

In the existing heat exchanger technology, the technical scheme of through-tube fins is often used to expand the heat transfer area. The fins are installed on the outside or surface of the heat transfer tubes. The side of the fins is air forced convection or natural convection, and the inside of the heat transfer tubes As a liquid fluid, the energy density of the heat source is very large. The function of the fins in this heat exchanger is to expand the heat transfer area and improve the heat exchange capacity and efficiency. Therefore, the air-cooled tube-fin heat exchanger needs to be installed in an open space, and the fin side of the water-cooled tube-fin heat exchanger needs to be forced liquid flow. However, the tube-through-fin cylindrical battery module proposed by the present invention has a closed shell, which is usually assembled in a closed box during installation and use. Therefore, the purpose of the fins on the outside of the battery casing is not to The heat transfer area is increased to improve the heat dissipation capacity to the environment, but it is used to transfer heat between the battery cells to achieve temperature balance of the battery pack, so as to control the local overheating of the battery pack and prevent thermal runaway. The heat sink of the existing heating device will also use fins or ribs to increase the heat dissipation area. Therefore, the design of the heat sink can be designed and optimized according to the calculation or test of the thermal environment. However, in the tube-finned cylindrical battery module proposed by the present invention, local overheating occurs in a non-specific area, and the process of thermal runaway is uncertain, and it is impossible to design and optimize the heat transfer structure in advance; the battery case The heat conduction system formed by the connection of tubes and fin groups can quickly conduct local overheating to the entire battery module, avoiding local rapid temperature rise and forming thermoelectric positive feedback, thereby solving the problem of local overheating and uncertain thermal runaway in non-specific areas of large-scale battery packs question.

Preferably, the fins are aluminum/aluminum alloy fins or copper/copper alloy fins, wherein "/" represents "or". The thickness d of the fins is 0.08-0.8mm, the distance Ld between the front and rear fins is 2-20mm, and the difference Ld-h between the distance Ld and the height h of the flanging is 0-15mm. The minimum distance Lr between any two assembly circular holes on the fin is 1-10mm.

Preferably, the number of assembly circular holes on the fins is not less than the number of battery sleeves.

Preferably, the edge of the assembly hole extends outward to form a flange or a partial flange with a certain height, and the flange is a straight tube shape or a tapered tube shape or a combination of a tapered tube shape and a straight tube shape. The height h of the flanging is between 1-8mm.

Preferably, the flanges of the assembling holes have different flange heights in different directions of the circumference, specifically, when the assembling holes face the adjacent assembling holes in a fan-shaped area with an angle of 15-30°. The flanging height corresponding to the arc direction is low or no flanging is provided.

Preferably, the through-tube finned cylindrical battery module further includes several heat transfer tubes. The fins are provided with heat transfer tube holes matched with the heat transfer tubes, and the heat transfer tubes vertically pass through the heat transfer tube holes on the fins. The heat transfer tubes are connected in series and parallel through connecting pieces such as elbows, flow dividers and/or confluences to form a heat transfer assembly.

Preferably, the heat transfer tube is an aluminum/aluminum alloy round tube or flat tube, or a copper/copper alloy round tube or flat tube, and the wall thickness t of the heat transfer tube is between 0.2-1.5 mm.

Preferably, the heat transfer tube is a round tube with a diameter of 3-10 mm, or a flat tube or an elliptical flat tube with a thickness of 3-10 mm. The assembly circular holes are arranged alternately in adjacent rows in a "W" shape, or arranged in a matrix in which rows and columns are aligned. When the assembling circular holes are arranged alternately in adjacent rows in a "W" shape, the heat transfer tube holes replace the positions of some assembling circular holes. When the assembly circular holes are arranged in a matrix aligned in rows and columns: if the diameter Dc of the assembly circular holes, the diameter or thickness Dh of the heat transfer tube holes and the minimum distance Lr between two assembly circular holes satisfy the following relationship: Then the heat transfer tube hole is set at the basic center of the rectangle formed by the line connecting the centers of the four assembly holes in the adjacent row and the adjacent column, or between the assembly hole and the edge of the fin; otherwise The positions of the partially assembled circular holes are replaced by the heat transfer tube holes.

Preferably, cooling liquid or refrigerant is passed through the heat transfer tube, and the heat transfer tube is connected with an air conditioning system, a heating system or other heat exchange systems; or, a phase change material is installed in the heat transfer tube; or, The heat transfer tube is a heat pipe; or, an electric heater is arranged in the heat transfer tube. Through the heat transfer tube and the connected heat exchange system, the battery module can be heated and cooled to control the temperature of the battery module.

Preferably, the top, bottom and/or side surfaces of the battery module are provided with shell plates or cooling plates, and the sides of the fins in contact with the cooling plates are provided with folded edges perpendicular to the plane where the fins are located.

Preferably, the battery sleeve is an aluminum/aluminum alloy tube or a copper/copper alloy tube, and its wall thickness t is between 0.1-1.0 mm; or, the battery sleeve is a plastic tube or a composite insulating material tube, and its The wall thickness t is between 0.05-0.5mm; or, the battery casing is a heat shrinkable tube, and its wall thickness t is between 0.02-0.2mm; or, the battery casing is made of metal or plastic or composite insulation A thin sheet of material is spirally wound or rolled into a cylindrical shell to form a tube, the thin sheet has a wall thickness t between 0.05-0.5 mm and a width W between 5-50 mm.

Preferably, the tube wall of the battery casing is provided with an exhaust hole or an exhaust groove, or a gap that communicates the inside of the battery casing with the outside, so as to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases generated during battery operation.

Preferably, the battery casing is formed by processing and deforming a thin sheet or a thin-walled tube of metal or plastic or a composite insulating material, and includes a plurality of substantially cylindrical shells communicating with each other, and the shape of the assembly hole is match the housing.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the through-tube finned cylindrical battery module provided by the present invention is not only suitable for cylindrical batteries of different specifications and performances, but also suitable for cylindrical batteries of different scales and energy densities The module can solve the problem of uneven temperature distribution of horizontally arranged horizontal batteries connected in series, can effectively control the local overheating of non-specific areas of the battery pack, prevent thermal runaway, and meet the requirements of uniform temperature, heat dissipation, cooling and heating at the same time Different thermal management requirements improve the performance and service life of horizontal horizontal battery packs. In particular, for battery modules of different scales and performances, as well as different application environments and requirements, the technical solution of the present invention can easily meet the requirements of the battery module by optimizing the specific design of the type, quantity and layout of the heat transfer tubes. Thermal management requirements, effectively and efficiently ensure the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module.

In addition, compared with the prior art, the tube-finned cylindrical battery module provided by the present invention also has the following technical advantages: the battery module of this technical solution is small in size and light in weight, and compared with the existing technical solution, it has Higher volume and weight ratio energy density of the battery module; simple, mature and reliable processing technology, simple and compact structure, easy to expand; low cost, which can reduce the overall cost of the battery box; good safety, no damage to the internal explosion of the battery pack It has strong flame retardant and explosion-proof performance, and has strong impact resistance to external impact.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a through-tube finned cylindrical battery module provided in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a through-tube finned cylindrical battery module provided in Embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a part of the fin provided in Embodiment 1;

4 is a schematic structural view of a through-tube finned cylindrical battery module provided in Embodiment 2;

Fig. 5 is the partial structural representation of fin in embodiment two;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of another fin part in Embodiment 2;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of another fin part in the second embodiment;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a through-tube finned cylindrical battery module provided in Embodiment 3;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly process of the fins and battery sleeves in a fin-through-tube cylindrical battery module provided in Embodiment 3;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a through-tube finned cylindrical battery module provided in Embodiment 4;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a battery casing in Embodiment 4;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another battery casing in the fourth embodiment.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment one

Please refer to Figures 1-3. This embodiment provides a technical solution: a tube-through-finned cylindrical battery module, including a battery casing 13, a cylindrical battery 11, and a fin set. The fin set consists of several parallel arrays. Composed of fins 12, the fins 12 are provided with assembly holes 121 that match the battery sleeves 13, and the edges of the assembly holes 121 extend outward to form flanges 122; the battery sleeves 13 are vertically mounted on the fins 12 The mounting holes 121 on the top are matched with the fins 12, and the inner diameter of the battery sleeve 13 matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery 11. Each battery casing 13 is equipped with one or more cylindrical batteries 11; when the battery casing 13 is equipped with a plurality of cylindrical batteries 11, the plurality of cylindrical batteries 11 are installed end to end in series. The battery module can effectively control local overheating in non-specific areas of the battery pack, prevent thermal runaway, and has good temperature uniformity, heat dissipation and cooling performance.

Further, the tube finned battery module also includes several heat transfer tubes 14, the heat transfer tubes 14 are aluminum/aluminum alloy round tubes or flat tubes or elliptical flat tubes, or copper/copper alloy round tubes or flat tubes or The oval flat tube, the wall thickness t of the heat transfer tube 14 is between 0.2-1.5 mm. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the battery casing 13 and the heat transfer tube 14 is the same, therefore, the assembly hole 121 can also be used as a heat transfer tube hole matched with the heat transfer tube 14, and the heat transfer tube 14 directly passes through it vertically. Assembly circular holes 121 on the fins 12 . The number of assembly round holes 121 not less than that of the battery sleeve 13 is set on the fin 12, and the redundant assembly round holes 12 are used to wear the heat transfer tube 14 or leave it empty, so it can be used according to the performance and configuration requirements of the cylindrical battery 11 module. The quantity, ratio and layout of the battery pack and the heat transfer tubes 14 can be adjusted conveniently to meet different application conditions and requirements. The heat transfer tubes 14 are connected in series and in parallel through connecting parts 141 such as elbows, flow dividers and/or confluences to form a heat transfer assembly, which can enhance heat transfer performance or reduce flow resistance. The heat transfer assembly has an inlet 142 and an outlet 143, and the heat transfer tubes 14 are straight tubes or U-shaped tubes, and the use of U-shaped tubes can reduce the connection elbows between the heat transfer tubes 14 .

Specifically, cooling liquid or refrigerant is passed through the heat transfer tube 14, and it is connected with an air conditioning system, a heating system or other heat exchange systems, so as to input heat or cooling capacity to the through-tube finned cylindrical battery series module; or, The heat transfer tube 14 is equipped with a phase change material, and the function of absorbing or releasing heat and regulating the temperature of the battery module is achieved through the phase change process of the phase change material; or, the heat transfer tube 14 is a heat pipe, which has efficient heat conduction performance and can The heat generated by the battery module can be transferred to the outside; or, the heat transfer tube 14 is an electric heater or a built-in electric heater, which can heat the battery module at a low temperature.

Specifically, the fin group is composed of parallel fins made of aluminum or copper or composite insulating material, the thickness d of each fin 12 is 0.08-0.8mm, and the inter-fin spacing Ld between the fins 12 is 2-20mm, The difference Ld-h between the sheet distance Ld and the flange height h is 0-15 mm, and the minimum distance Lr between any two assembly holes 121 on the fin 12 is 1-10 mm. The edge of the assembly hole 121 on the fin 12 extends outward to form a flange 122 with a certain height, and the height h of the flange 122 is 1-8 mm. The flanging 122 can be a straight pipe shape, a tapered pipe shape, or a combination of a straight pipe shape and a tapered pipe shape. Further, the top and bottom surfaces of the battery module are provided with cooling plates, and the upper and lower sides of the fins 12 are provided with folded edges 125 perpendicular to the plane where the fins 12 are located. Plate contact area to improve heat transfer efficiency.

Usually, the heat transfer or heat dissipation area is increased in the form of tube fins. The side of the fins is air forced convection or natural convection. The fins are installed on the outside or surface of the heat transfer tube. The inside of the heat transfer tube is liquid phase fluid. The energy density is very high. The fin area is much larger than the cross-sectional area of the heat transfer tube, and the hole spacing of the holes on the fin is also relatively large, which makes it easy to punch and flang the fin. However, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the through-tube fins are used to assemble cylindrical batteries. On the one hand, the heating power of the battery cells is small, so there is no need for an excessively large fin area; Therefore, the volume of the battery module must be reduced as much as possible, so the assembly distance of the battery must be reduced as much as possible. However, the narrowing of the distance between the two assembling holes 121 will bring difficulties to the punching and flanging process of the fins, which will easily cause deformation of the fins or tearing of the flanging. Tests have shown that the minimum distance Lr between any two assembly circular holes 121 on the fin 12 is set at 1-10mm, which is the best range for both the energy density of the battery volume ratio and the processing technology.

Studies have shown that when the minimum distance Lr between the two assembly holes 121, the height h of the flange 122, the thickness d of the fin 12 and the diameter Dc of the assembly holes satisfy the following relationship: Lr+h+2×d≤ 0.25×Dh, the height of the flanging in the direction of the mounting hole 121 towards the adjacent mounting hole can be reduced to facilitate the processing of the fin punching and flanging.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 , the flange heights of the flanges 122 of the assembly holes 121 are different in different directions of the circumference. For example, the height of the flanging on the arc direction corresponding to the arc direction of the fan-shaped area where the angle α of the assembly circular hole C11 towards the adjacent assembly circular hole C12 is 15-30° is relatively low or there is no flanging, which can avoid finning. The sheet is deformed or the flange is torn.

Specifically, the battery sleeve 13 can be an aluminum/aluminum alloy tube or a copper/copper alloy tube, and the wall thickness t of the battery sleeve is between 0.1-1.0mm. The flange 122 of 12 realizes the interference fit; or, the battery casing 13 is a plastic tube or a composite insulating material tube, the wall thickness t of the battery casing is between 0.05-0.5mm, and the end-to-end series connection of the cylindrical batteries 11 is pressed. The loaded battery casing 13 is integrated; or, the battery casing 13 is a heat-shrinkable tube, the wall thickness t of the battery casing is between 0.02-0.2mm, and the cylindrical batteries 11 are connected in series end to end. After the tube 13, the heat-shrinkable tube is shrunk and integrated with the cylindrical battery 11 by heating, and then the battery sleeve 13 loaded into the cylindrical battery 11 is pressed into the round holes of the plurality of fins 12, so that the battery sleeve 13 and the fins 12 The flange 122 realizes the interference fit.

Further, the tube wall of the battery casing 13 is provided with vent holes or vent grooves, or gaps for communicating the inside of the battery casing with the outside, so as to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases generated by the battery.

Specifically, the cylindrical battery 11 is a chemical battery or a fuel cell, and has a cylindrical shell. The two ends of the cylindrical battery 11 are the positive and negative poles of the battery respectively, and a plurality of cylindrical batteries 11 are connected in series end to end to form a battery pack. Unlike the finned tube heat exchanger, the inside of the cylindrical battery 11 is filled with electrolyte. Although the electrons in the electrolyte move between the electrodes during charging and discharging, macroscopically, the electrolyte is not in a flowing state in the battery case. There is electrical connection between the cylindrical batteries 11 and between the cylindrical batteries 11 and the outside, but there is no flow of gas or liquid substances between the cylindrical batteries 11 and between the cylindrical batteries 11 and the outside.

When assembling the fin-through-tube cylindrical battery series module, the battery casing 13 and the heat transfer tube 14 are vertically passed through the assembly round hole 121 on the fin 12, and then the expansion head is pressed into the casing with a press. The battery casing 13 and the heat transfer tube 14 of the fin 12 are expanded, so that the battery casing 13, the heat transfer tube 14 and the fin 12 form an integral body, and its shape is similar to that of a through-tube fin heat exchanger; then, The cylindrical batteries 11 are divided into multiple groups, and each group of cylindrical batteries 11 is connected in series end to end, and sequentially loaded into the battery sleeve 13 to form a series module of the tube-through-finned cylindrical battery. The outer surface of the cylindrical battery 11 is completely connected to the battery sleeve 13 , close contact. One end of the battery sleeve 13 is provided with a ring-shaped tail end 131 to facilitate battery assembly.

The fin-through-tube cylindrical battery module provided in this embodiment tightly integrates the cylindrical battery 11, the battery sleeve 13 and the fin 12. The battery sleeve 13 is not only the installation sleeve of the cylindrical battery 11, but also It is the heat exchange part of the tube-through-fin module. The contact area between the cylindrical battery 11 and the heat exchange part is large and the contact thermal resistance is small. The performance of the uniform temperature, heat dissipation, cooling and heating of the battery module is better than the existing technology The scheme is conducive to enhancing battery performance and prolonging battery life.

The technical solution of the present invention sets the finned tube on the outside of the cylindrical battery, which has the following advantages: (1) The finned tube is directly set on the surface of the heating element, which reduces the heat transfer resistance caused by other heat transfer links or media; 2) The fins have tube-mounted flanges and interference fit with the tubes, which maximizes the contact area between the heat transfer fins and the tubes, and greatly reduces the transfer between the cooling fins and the heating element Thermal resistance; (3) A high-efficiency heat conduction system is formed by connecting multiple cylindrical batteries through the tube fin group. When individual batteries are locally overheated and the temperature rises, the tube fin battery module acts as a high-efficiency and large-capacity thermal equalizer , because the liquid-solid phase inside the battery has a large heat capacity, it can quickly conduct local overheating to the entire battery pack, avoiding local rapid temperature rise and forming thermoelectric positive feedback, thereby solving the problem of local overheating in non-specific areas of large-scale battery packs. Thermal runaway.

The fin-through-tube cylindrical battery module provided in this embodiment is not only suitable for cylindrical batteries of different specifications and performances, but also suitable for series-connected cylindrical battery packs of different scales and energy densities, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of temperature uniformity and heat dissipation. , cooling and heating different thermal management needs. According to the needs of specific applications, the battery module can be extended in the length, width and height directions.

In particular, for battery modules of different scales and performances, as well as different application environments and requirements, the technical solution of this embodiment can easily meet the needs of battery modules by optimizing the specific design of the type, quantity and layout of heat transfer tubes. To meet the thermal management requirements, effectively and efficiently ensure the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module.

The technical solution of this embodiment has the advantages of simple, mature and reliable processing technology, simple and compact structure, easy expansion, small volume, light weight, low cost and good safety.

Embodiment two

Please refer to Figures 4-7, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a tube-through-finned cylindrical battery module, including a cylindrical battery 21, a battery casing 23 and a fin group, the fin group consists of several parallel arrays Fins 22 are formed. The fins 22 are provided with assembly holes 221 that match the battery sleeves 23. The edges of the assembly holes 221 extend outward to form flanges. The battery sleeves 23 are vertically mounted on the fins 22. Fitted on the circular hole 221 and matched with the fins 22 , the inner diameter of the battery sleeve 23 matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery 21 . The fins 22 are also provided with some heat transfer tube holes 224 for assembling the heat transfer tubes 24. The apertures of the heat transfer tube holes 224 match the heat transfer tubes 24 so that the fins 22 are sleeved on the heat transfer tubes 24. . Each battery casing 23 is equipped with one or more cylindrical batteries 21; when the battery casing 23 is equipped with a plurality of cylindrical batteries 21, the plurality of cylindrical batteries 21 are installed end to end in series.

When assembling the tube-through finned cylindrical battery series module, the battery sleeve 23 and the heat transfer tube 24 are vertically passed through the assembly round hole 221 and the heat transfer tube hole 224 on the fin 22, and then through the tube expansion process and The fins 22 are expanded and tightened into a whole to achieve an interference fit; then the cylindrical batteries 21 are divided into multiple groups, each group of cylindrical batteries is connected in series end to end, put into the battery casing 23, and an electrical connector is installed, the cylindrical battery 21 It is in complete and close contact with the battery casing 23, with a large contact area and small contact thermal resistance.

In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the heat transfer tube 24 is smaller than the outer diameter of the battery sleeve 23, and the position of the heat transfer tube hole 224 on the fin 22 that matches the heat transfer tube 24 is in a position that matches the battery sleeve 23. Between a plurality of assembly circular holes 221 of the cylindrical batteries 21, the space utilization efficiency of the series modules of the cylindrical batteries 21 can be improved and the heat transfer performance can be enhanced.

Specifically, the heat transfer tube 24 is a round tube with a diameter Dh of 3-10 mm, or a flat tube or an elliptical flat tube with a thickness Dh of 3-10 mm, and a wall thickness th of 0.2-1.5 mm. The heat transfer tubes 24 are connected in series and parallel through connecting pieces such as elbows, flow dividers and/or confluences to form a heat transfer assembly, which has an inlet 242 and an outlet 243 connected to an external heat exchange system. The heat transfer tube 24 is filled with cooling liquid or refrigerant, and communicates with the air-conditioning system, heating system or other heat exchange systems, so as to input heat or cooling capacity to the through-tube finned cylindrical battery series module.

Specifically, the fin group is composed of several parallel fins made of aluminum or copper or composite insulating material, the thickness d of each fin 22 is 0.08-0.8mm, and the inter-fin spacing Ld between the fins 22 is 2-20mm , the minimum hole spacing Lr between any two holes on the fin 22 (including the assembly round hole 221 and the heat transfer tube hole 224) is 1-10 mm. The edges of the assembly round hole 221 on the fin 22 and the edge of the heat transfer tube hole 224 extend outward to form a flange 222 with a certain height, and the flange height h is 1-8mm; the flange 222 can be a straight tube, or It can be tapered, or a combination of straight and tapered. Further, the top surface, bottom surface and/or side of the battery module of the battery module are provided with a shell plate, and the side edge of the fin 22 in contact with the shell plate has a folded edge 225 perpendicular to the plane where the fin 22 is located. The edge 225 can increase the contact area between the fin 22 and the battery module shell, so as to improve the heat transfer efficiency.

In this embodiment, the battery sleeve 23 is an aluminum/aluminum alloy tube or a copper/copper alloy tube with a wall thickness t of 0.1-1.0 mm; or, the battery sleeve 23 is a plastic tube or a composite insulating material tube with a wall thickness t 0.05-0.5mm. The tube wall of the battery casing 23 is provided with an exhaust hole or an exhaust groove to discharge the harmful gas produced by the battery.

Further, the assembly round holes 221 on the fins 22 may be arranged in a staggered arrangement in adjacent rows in a "W" shape, or arranged in a matrix in which rows and columns are aligned. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, when the assembly circular holes 221 on the fins 22 are staggered in adjacent rows of "W", the heat transfer tube holes 224 replace the positions of the partial assembly circular holes 221, and the remaining The other assembly circular holes 221 are arranged in a staggered manner in adjacent rows in a "W" shape. Or, when the assembly circular holes 221 on the fins 22 are arranged in a matrix shape aligned in rows and columns, if the diameter Dc of the assembly circular holes 221, the diameter or thickness Dh of the heat transfer tube hole 224 and the distance between the two assembly circular holes 221 The minimum spacing Lr satisfies the following relationship: Then as shown in Figure 6, the heat transfer tube hole 224 is arranged at the basic center position of the rectangle formed by the line connecting the centers C11, C12, C21, and C22 of the four assembling circular holes 221 in adjacent rows and columns, or It is arranged between the assembly circular hole 221 and the edge of the fin; otherwise, as shown in FIG. Matrix shape arrangement. Such an arrangement can make the utilization efficiency of the fins higher and enable the battery module to have a higher volumetric specific energy density. The heat transfer tube hole 224 is set at the basic center position of the rectangle, which means that a certain degree of deviation is allowed at the strict center position; preferably, the distance between the center of the heat transfer tube hole 224 and the strict center position of the rectangle is less than the distance of the heat transfer tube hole 224 from the strict center position of the rectangle. The diameter of the tube hole 224 .

The technical solution of this embodiment arranges the small-diameter heat transfer tube 24 between the battery sleeves 23, the processing technology is simple, mature, reliable, and the structure is simple and compact. Compared with the first embodiment, the technical solution of this embodiment has The advantages of higher space utilization efficiency and further improvement of the energy density of the battery module.

Compared with the prior art that arranges the heat transfer pipeline around or inside the battery pack, the technical solution of this embodiment tightly integrates the cylindrical battery and the heat transfer tube through a large number of metal fins, which not only significantly increases the heat dissipation area, reduce the contact thermal resistance, and can greatly reduce the flow resistance of the heat transfer medium through the series-parallel design of the heat transfer tubes. Tests show that: a prior art scheme that arranges heat transfer pipelines around the battery pack, the temperature difference inside the battery pack is as high as 12-16°C; while the comparison battery pack designed according to the technical scheme of this embodiment, under the comparative test conditions The temperature difference inside the lower battery pack is only 1-3°C. The other is designed according to Tesla's technical scheme, and the heat transfer flat tube is wound and arranged on the battery pack. The temperature difference inside the battery pack is reduced to 3-5°C, but the resistance of the heat transfer flat tube reaches 41.5kPa, far exceeding The performance range of the electronic water pump used in ordinary vehicles; and the battery pack designed according to the technical scheme of the present embodiment, the resistance of the heat transfer piping system under the comparative test condition is only 2.8kPa, and it is easy to use the ordinary electronic water pump to pump the cooling liquid. heat exchange.

Studies have shown that the heat generated inside the battery often makes the temperature of the single battery inside the battery module rise to 50°C, and even reach above 80°C when overcharging; , The positive and negative poles are short-circuited, thereby forming a positive temperature feedback, the highest temperature rise can reach 200°C/min, and even combustion or explosion occurs. No matter what the heat dissipation performance of the existing battery thermal management solutions is, it is difficult to avoid local energy accumulation and positive temperature feedback in extreme cases. Tests have shown that with the tube-finned cylindrical battery pack of this embodiment, the local maximum temperature is lower than 44°C under standard charging and discharging conditions, and the local maximum temperature is lower than 50°C under 20°C fast charging and discharging conditions. In the normal charge and discharge test, the local maximum temperature is lower than 53°C; further heat spread tests show that even if the surface of the single battery reaches 120°C by external heating, there is still no positive temperature feedback, and the battery pack within 15S The local maximum temperature is reduced to 74 °C, breaking the condition for forming positive temperature feedback, thereby preventing thermal runaway.

Embodiment three

Referring to FIGS. 8-9 , this embodiment provides a technical solution: a tube-through-fin cylindrical battery module, including a battery casing 33 , a cylindrical battery 31 and a fin group. The fin group is composed of several fins 32 arranged in parallel. The fins 32 are provided with assembly holes 321 matching the battery sleeves 33 , and the edges of the assembly holes 321 extend outwards to form flanges. The battery sleeve 33 is vertically mounted on the assembly hole 321 of each fin 32 and fits with the fin 32 . The fins 32 of the battery module are also provided with a number of heat transfer tube holes 324 for assembling the heat transfer tubes 34. The apertures of the heat transfer tube holes 324 are matched with the heat transfer tubes 34 to cover the fins 32 On the heat transfer tube 34.

In this embodiment, the battery casing 33 is made of metal or plastic or a thin-walled tube of composite insulating material, which is processed and deformed by extrusion, hot pressing or inflation, and includes a plurality of interconnected tubes that are basically connected to each other. The cylindrical shell is not an independent, completely closed and seamless cylindrical shell, and the shape of the fitting holes 321 on the fins matches the shape of the plurality of substantially cylindrical shells communicating with each other. The cylindrical shell can be closed or open at one end. The multiple cylinders in the shell can be directly connected to each other or connected through connecting sections. Since the multiple cylindrical shells are a whole, they have good thermal conductivity.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 , the plurality of interconnected cylindrical shells of the formed battery sleeve 33 have inter-connected middle seams. This structure makes the battery sleeve 33 have a certain amount of elastic deformation. The fins 32 are provided with a plurality of assembly holes 321, and these assembly holes 321 are divided into several groups, and the plurality of assembly holes 321 in each group communicate with each other, and cooperate with a plurality of battery sleeves 33 in the shape of cylindrical shells communicated with each other. , so that each fin 32 is sleeved on the battery casing 33 . The fins 32 are also provided with heat transfer tube holes 324 for assembling the heat transfer tubes 34 , which are located between multiple sets of assembly holes 321 , so that the space utilization efficiency of the battery module can be improved and the heat transfer performance can be enhanced.

Specifically, the cylindrical inner diameter of the battery casing 33 matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery 31 , the cylindrical batteries 31 are divided into multiple groups, and each group of cylindrical batteries 31 is connected in series end to end, and loaded into the battery casing 33 . Flanges or partial flanges are provided at the edges of the assembly holes 321 and the heat transfer tube holes 324 .

Specifically, the heat transfer tube 34 is an aluminum/aluminum alloy round tube or a copper/copper alloy round tube with an outer diameter of 3-10 mm and a wall thickness th of 0.2-1.5 mm. Connectors and/or confluences and other connectors 341 are connected in series and parallel to form a heat transfer assembly, which has an inlet 342 and an outlet 343 connected to the external heat exchange system. Cooling liquid or refrigerant is passed through the heat transfer pipe 34, which is connected with the air conditioner. system or other heat exchange systems.

When assembling the tube-finned cylindrical battery module provided in this embodiment, the heat transfer tube 34 is first vertically passed through the heat transfer tube hole 324 on each fin 32, and then the fin 32 is expanded and tightened by the tube expansion process. Become a whole to achieve interference fit, then insert the battery casing 33 into the assembly hole 321, and then divide the cylindrical batteries 31 into multiple groups, each group of cylindrical batteries 31 is connected in series end to end, and put into the battery casing 33.

Further, the side of the through-tube finned cylindrical battery module in this embodiment is provided with a cooling plate 35, and the cooling plate 35 is a metal heat dissipation plate, a liquid cooling plate, a semiconductor cooling plate or an evaporator of an evaporative refrigeration system, The sides of the fins 32 in contact with the cooling plate 35 are provided with folded edges 325 perpendicular to the plane of the fins 32 to increase the contact area between the fins 32 and the cooling plate 35 to improve heat transfer efficiency.

Compared with the technical solution using an independent circular tube battery casing, the technical solution of this embodiment has the advantage that there is always an assembly process and contact thermal resistance in the matching gap between the cylindrical battery 31, the battery casing 33 and the fins 32. The contradiction between the small fit clearance or interference fit is beneficial to reduce the thermal contact resistance but it is not easy to assemble, the large fit clearance or clearance fit is easy to assemble but will increase the thermal contact resistance. This technical solution adopts a plurality of battery sleeves 33 in a cylindrical shell connected to each other, which has a certain amount of elastic deformation, and can not only facilitate the assembly of the battery sleeves 33 and the cylindrical battery 31, but squeeze the battery sleeve after the cylindrical battery 31 is installed. The deformation of the shell of the tube 33 acts like a spring washer to realize the close contact between the cylindrical battery 31 , the battery sleeve 33 and the fins 32 , reducing the contact thermal resistance.

In the technical solution of this embodiment, metal or plastic sheets are processed to form a plurality of connected cylindrical shells as battery sleeves 33. The processing technology is simple and reliable, the structure is compact, and the cost is low. Compared with the second embodiment, the technical solution of this embodiment Not only is the thermal conductivity better, but it also has higher space utilization efficiency, which can further increase the energy density of the battery module.

Embodiment Four

Please refer to Figures 10-12. This embodiment provides a technical solution: a tube-through-finned cylindrical battery module, including a battery casing 43, a cylindrical battery 41 and a fin group. The fin group consists of several parallel arrays. The fins 42 are provided with assembly holes that match the battery sleeves 43. The edges of the assembly holes extend outward to form a flange with a certain height. The battery sleeves 43 are vertically mounted on each fin 42. On the assembly hole and interference fit with the fins. One or more cylindrical batteries are installed in each of the battery casings, and when multiple cylindrical batteries are installed in the battery casing, the plurality of cylindrical batteries are installed end to end in series. The inner diameter of the battery casing 43 matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical battery 41, and the surface of the cylindrical battery 41 is in complete and close contact with the battery casing 43, with a large contact area and small contact thermal resistance.

In this embodiment, the battery casing 43 is a tubular casing formed by spirally winding or rolling a thin sheet of metal or plastic or a composite insulating material into a cylindrical shell, and the wall thickness t of the sheet is between 0.05-0.5mm. The width w is between 5-50mm. The tube wall of the battery casing 43 has a gap that communicates the inside of the battery casing with the outside, instead of a completely closed round tube without gaps, so as to facilitate the discharge of harmful gases generated by the battery. Fig. 11 shows a technical scheme in which a sheet is spirally wound on the outside of a cylindrical battery 41 connected in series end to end to form a battery casing 43, and Fig. 12 shows another implementation plan in which a sheet is rolled into a cylindrical shell .

Specifically, the fin group is composed of parallel fins made of aluminum or copper or composite insulating material, each fin 42 is equidistantly distributed along the battery sleeve 43, the thickness d of each fin is 0.08-0.8mm, and the front and rear two The sheet distance Ld between the fins is 2-20mm, and the edge of the assembly hole on the fin 42 extends outwards to form a flange with a certain height. The height h of the flange is 1-8mm, and the sheet distance Ld and The difference Ld-h of the flange height h is 0-15 mm, and the minimum hole spacing Lr between any two assembly circular holes on the fin is 1-10 mm.

When assembling the tube-through-finned cylindrical battery series module provided in this embodiment, the battery casing 43 is first wound or wound around the cylindrical batteries 41 connected in series from head to tail, and then the battery casing 43 is pressed into the assembly hole. The interference fit between the battery casing 43 and the flanging of the fin 42 is achieved.

Further, the top, bottom and/or side surfaces of the through-tube finned cylindrical battery module in this embodiment are also provided with a cooling plate 45, and the cooling plate 45 is a metal heat dissipation plate, a liquid cooling plate, a semiconductor cooling plate 45 or In the evaporator of the evaporative refrigeration system, the sides of the fins 42 in contact with the cooling plate 45 are provided with folded edges perpendicular to the plane where the fins are located, so as to increase the contact area between the fins 42 and the cooling plate. Under some application conditions, even if no additional heat transfer pipeline is provided in this embodiment, the requirements for uniform temperature and heat transfer of the battery can be met only through the cooling plate 45 on the side, thereby simplifying the structure of the battery module and reducing the temperature of the battery module. the cost of.

In the technical solution of this embodiment, the battery sleeve 43 is a tubular sleeve formed by spirally winding or rolling a thin sheet into a cylindrical shell, so it has a certain amount of elastic deformation, which can facilitate the battery sleeve 43 and cylindrical battery 41. After the cylindrical battery 41 is installed, it can squeeze the shell of the battery casing 43 to deform, so that the close contact between the cylindrical battery 41, the battery casing 43 and the fins 42 is realized, and the contact thermal resistance is reduced. Compared with the third embodiment, the processing technology and assembly technology of the battery sleeve 43 in this solution are simple, reliable and easy to implement.

The invention provides a tube-finned cylindrical battery module, which is suitable for cylindrical batteries of different specifications and performances, and also suitable for cylindrical battery modules of different scales and energy densities, which can solve the problems of horizontal arrangement and end-to-end series connection. The problem of uneven temperature field distribution of horizontal batteries and local overheating in non-specific areas can improve the heat dissipation performance of horizontal horizontal battery modules, thereby improving the performance and service life of battery modules. The technical solution of the present invention can meet the thermal management requirements of the battery module by optimizing the type, quantity and layout of the heat transfer tubes, and effectively and efficiently ensure the heat dissipation capacity of the battery module; in addition, compared with the prior art In comparison, the tube-finned cylindrical battery module provided by the present invention also has the following technical advantages: the battery module of this technical solution is small in size and light in weight; the processing technology is simple, mature and reliable, and the structure is simple and compact, and it is easy to expand ; The cost is low, which can reduce the overall cost of the battery box; the safety is good, and it has strong flame retardant and explosion-proof performance against the internal explosion of the battery pack, and has strong impact resistance against external impact.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, substitutions and variants, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of finned cylindrical battery mould group of poling, it is characterised in that: including battery cartridge, cylindrical battery and fins set, institute It states fins set to be made of several fins arranged in parallel, the fin is equipped with the pilot hole to match with battery cartridge, described Pilot hole edge extends outward to form flange；The battery cartridge be vertically installed on the pilot hole on each fin and with it is described Fin cooperation, the internal diameter of the battery cartridge and the outer diameter of cylindrical battery match, and each battery cartridge is provided with one Or multiple cylindrical batteries；When the battery cartridge is provided with multiple cylindrical batteries, the multiple cylindrical battery is first Installation is connected in series in tail.

2. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thickness of the fin D is 0.08-0.8mm, and the piece spacing Ld between two fin of front and back is the difference Ld-h of 2-20mm, piece spacing Ld and flange height h For 0-15mm, the minimum spacing Lr between any two assembly circular hole on the fin is 1-10mm.

3. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pilot hole turns over While the flange height in the different directions of circumference is different, it is 15-30 ° in the angle of the pilot hole towards adjoining pilot hole Fan-shaped region corresponding to flange height on circular arc direction it is lower or do not set flange.

4. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include several biographies Heat pipe；The fin is equipped with the heat transfer pore matched with the heat-transfer pipe, and the heat-transfer pipe passes perpendicularly through on the fin Heat transfer pore.

5. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 4, the heat-transfer pipe is diameter in 3-10mm Between flat tube or elliptical tube between 3-10mm of round tube or thickness, it is characterised in that:

(1) the assembly circular hole is staggered by the adjacent rows of " W " shape, or the matrix arrangement being aligned by ranks；

(2) when the assembly circular hole is staggered by the adjacent rows of " W " shape, then the heat transfer pore replaces part assembly circular hole Position；

(3) when matrix arrangement of the assembly circular hole by ranks alignment: if the diameter of the assembly circular hole Minimum spacing Lr between Dc, the diameter for the pore that conducts heat or thickness Dh and two assembly circular holes meets following relationship:Then 4 component location guides by adjacent rows and adjacent column are arranged in the heat transfer pore The substantially central position of the constituted rectangle of the line in the center of circle in hole, or setting is between assembly circular hole and fin edges；Otherwise with The heat transfer pore replaces the position of part assembly circular hole.

6. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: lead in the heat-transfer pipe There are coolant liquid or refrigerant, the heat-transfer pipe is connected with air-conditioning system, heating system or other heat-exchange systems；Alternatively, described Heat-transfer pipe is provided with phase-change material；Alternatively, the heat-transfer pipe is heat pipe；Alternatively, being equipped with electric heater in the heat-transfer pipe.

7. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the battery modules Top surface, bottom surface and/or side are equipped with coverboard or coldplate, and the side that the fin is in contact with coldplate is equipped with and fin place The vertical flanging of plane.

8. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the battery cartridge is Aluminium/aluminium-alloy pipe or copper/copper alloy pipe, wall thickness t is in the 0.1-1.0 mm；Alternatively, the battery cartridge is plastic tube or compound Insulating material pipe, wall thickness t is between 0.05-0.5mm；Alternatively, the battery cartridge is heat-shrinkable tube, wall thickness t is in 0.02- Between 0.2mm；Alternatively, it is round that the battery cartridge, which is by the leaf spiral wound or volume of metal or plastics or composite insulating material, Column shell and form tubulose, the wall thickness t of the thin slice between 0.05-0.5mm, width W is between 5-50mm.

9. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the battery cartridge Tube wall is equipped with gas vent or air discharge duct, or the gap for communicating the inside of the battery cartridge with outside.

10. the finned cylindrical battery mould group of a kind of poling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the battery cartridge It is the dress as made of thin slice or thin-wall tube processing deformation, the shell including multiple substantially cylindrical shapes to communicate with each other The shape of distribution matches with the shell.