CN109177367B - A kind of discontinuous layered structure composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a discontinuous layered structure composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises a plurality of structural units. The structural unit includes a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1 and a composite material layer 2. The matrix layer is provided with a composite material layer 1 and a composite material layer. A composite material layer 2 is arranged on the layer 1. The composite material layer 1 is a combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of H shapes, a plurality of N shapes or honeycomb shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is The composite layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material, the composite material 2 forms a plurality of H shapes, a plurality of N shapes or honeycomb shapes on the matrix material, and the preparation process includes material preparation, spray deposition, forging and heat treatment; the composite material of the present invention has High strength and toughness and good wear resistance are expected to be used in aircraft, automobiles, bulletproof mecha and other fields.

Description

A kind of discontinuous layered structure composite material and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a discontinuous layered structure composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite materials.

Background technique

Particle-reinforced metal matrix composites (PMMC), due to the high specific strength and specific stiffness of ceramic particles combined with good plastic toughness of the matrix, can be used in mining, automobile and other wear-resistant fields, but one disadvantage of homogeneous PMMC is that when the particle volume The composite mechanical properties are better when the fraction is in the range of 5-40%, and the toughness of the composite decreases sharply when the particle volume fraction reaches 40-80%. Therefore, structural composite materials were born. At present, the most popular is network structure composite materials. By controlling the shape and volume fraction of the network structure, the mechanical properties of the composite materials are controlled to obtain high strength, plasticity and toughness. There are different preparation methods. Currently, the most widely used is the preform hanging molding technology, but the internal shape of this method is difficult to precisely control, and the preparation efficiency is low. In addition to the above laminated composite materials, scientists are also favored because the multi-interface structure of the material can effectively hinder the movement of dislocations, and the ductile matrix has the ability to arrest and deflect cracks, thereby greatly improving the yield strength of the material.

Patent CN101148759A discloses a preparation method of a binary metal matrix composite material with layered gradient change. The composite material needs to prepare spherical particles of different particle sizes, and the cost is high. The gap between the particles has a great influence on the deposition. Feasibility of multilayer composites.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the problems and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a discontinuous layered structure composite material, which includes a plurality of structural units, and the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2. A composite material layer 1 is arranged, and a composite material layer 2 is arranged on the composite material layer 1. The composite material layer 1 is a combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material, and the composite material 1 forms a plurality of H shapes, a plurality of N shapes or Honeycomb shape, the composite material layer 2 is a combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material, and the composite material 2 forms a plurality of H shapes, a plurality of N shapes or a honeycomb shape on the matrix material.

The H-shape, N-shape or honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 is dislocated from the H-shape, N-shape or honeycomb-shape on the composite material layer 1, and the dislocation arrangement is a vertical vertical parallel to the H-shape on the composite material layer 2. The line corresponds to the horizontal bar in the middle of the H shape on the composite material layer 1; the vertical line parallel to the N shape on the composite material layer 2 corresponds to the slash in the middle of the N shape on the composite material layer 1; the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 corresponds to the The honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 is staggered.

The H-shaped, N-shaped or honeycomb-shaped walls are 6-10 mm wide.

The matrix material of the matrix layer and the matrix material in the composite material layer 1 and the composite material layer 2 are 40Cr, Al alloy or Ti alloy, and the Al alloy is Al-Cu-Mg (such as 2A06), Al-Mg-Si (such as 6063), Al-Zn-Mg (such as 7003), etc. Ti alloys are TC4, Ti-2Al-2.5Zr, Ti1023, etc.

The composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is formed by mixing ceramic particles and metal particles according to a mass ratio of 1 to 3:1, and the ceramic particles are Al ₂ O ₃ particles, BN particles, Cr ₃ C ₂ particles, and ZrO ₂ particles. One or more of them are mixed in any proportion, the metal particles are Ti particles, Cr particles, Ni particles or Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000-1250 mesh, and the particle size of the metal particles is 200-400 mesh.

The composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is formed by mixing ceramic particles and metal particles according to a mass ratio of 1 to 3:1, and the ceramic particles are Al ₂ O ₃ particles, BN particles, Cr ₃ C ₂ particles, and ZrO ₂ particles. One or more of them are mixed in any proportion, the metal particles are Ti particles, Cr particles, Ni particles or Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000-1250 mesh, and the particle size of the metal particles is 200-400 mesh.

The present invention also provides a preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Raw material preparation: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, and microwave preheat to 100~200°C for 1 h and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: spray the base layer on the collector first, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 50~100° higher than the melting point of the base material. C, the spraying speed is 60~80mm/s, the spraying distance is 30~50mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.1~0.26mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 400~520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60~ 80mm/s, spray distance 5~8mm, after the composite material 1 is sprayed, spray the matrix material on the remaining part of the same plane. The spraying process of the matrix material is the same as the spraying process of the matrix material in the matrix material layer, up to the thickness of the composite material layer 1 Stop spraying after it is 0.1~0.26mm;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 400~520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60~ 80mm/s, the spraying distance is 5~8mm, after the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as the spraying process of the base material in the base material layer; to the thickness of the composite material layer 2 After the injection is 0.1~0.26mm, the injection is stopped to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the entire spray deposition process is 0.8~1.6Mpa, and the atomization gas is N ₂ , He, Ne or Ar;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 400~500℃, the forging pressure is 1~5kN, and the forging frequency is 10~30Hz. Stop forging when the total thickness of the spray deposition layer decreases by more than 0.5mm, and cool to room temperature;

(4) heat-treating the forged green body in step (3) to obtain a composite material with a discontinuous layered structure.

The specific process of the heat treatment in step (5) is as follows: the base material is that the processing process of 40Cr is normalizing + low temperature tempering, the normalizing temperature is 750 ~ 860 ° C and the heat preservation is 60min, and then the temperature is lowered to the low temperature tempering temperature 180 ~ 200 ° C heat preservation 50min; when the base material is Al alloy, the heat treatment process is homogenization annealing, and the temperature is 580~620°C for 8h; when the base material is Ti alloy, the heat treatment process is stress relief annealing, and the temperature is 460~610°C for 1.5h.

Advantages of the present invention:

(1) In the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present invention, the ceramic reinforcement layer is discontinuously distributed in the matrix, so that the composite material has wear resistance, and the plastic toughness is also greatly improved. The improvement of plastic toughness mainly depends on the reinforcement in the matrix. The shape of the ceramic layer is formed by letters H, N or honeycomb periodic connection, and the pure matrix is wrapped around the shape, which hinders the expansion of cracks to the greatest extent, improves the durability of the material, and minimizes damage and damage.

(2) The present invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, high preparation efficiency and low cost, high wear resistance and plastic toughness, can realize lightweight production, and solve the problem of high brittleness of composite materials.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the composite material layer 1 and the composite material layer 2 of Example 1 of the present invention, both of which are H-type discontinuous layered structure composite materials;

2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the composite material layer 1 and the composite material layer 2 of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, both of which are H-type discontinuous layered structure composite materials (a is the cross-sectional view of the composite material layer 1, b is the composite material layer 2. sectional view).

Detailed ways

The following further description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the content.

Example 1

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of H shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is the combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material. The composite material 2 is on the matrix. A plurality of H shapes are formed on the material, and the H shape on the composite material layer 2 and the H shape on the composite material layer 1 are arranged in dislocation, and the dislocation arrangement is the vertical line parallel to the H shape on the composite material layer 2 and the H shape on the composite material layer 1. The horizontal bar in the middle of the shape corresponds, the wall width of the H shape is 8mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is Al-Cu-Mg (2A06), and the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is ceramic particles and metal particles according to the mass ratio of 1:1 Mixed, the ceramic particles are Al ₂ O ₃ particles, the metal particles are Ti particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 200 mesh, the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 and the composite material 1 same.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Preparation of raw materials: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 100°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: First, spray the base layer on the collector, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 50°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 60mm/s, the spraying distance is 30mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.1mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 400 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60 mm/s. The spraying distance is 5mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.1mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 400 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60mm/s. The spraying distance is 5mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.1mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 0.8Mpa, and the atomization gas is N ₂ ;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5 mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 400 ° C, the forging pressure is 1 kN, the forging frequency is 10 Hz, and the forging is performed until the total thickness of the sprayed deposition layer decreases. Stop forging at 0.5mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged green body in step (3), the base material is an Al alloy of Al-Cu-Mg (2A06), and the heat treatment process is homogenization annealing, that is, the temperature is 580 ° C for 8 hours, and a discontinuous layer is obtained. Structured composite materials.

As shown in FIG. 1, the composite material layer 1 and the composite material layer 2 of the present embodiment are both partial cross-sectional views of the H-type discontinuous layered structure composite material; FIG. 2 is the composite material layer 1 and the composite material layer 2 of the present embodiment. Partial top view of H-type discontinuous layered structure composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are uniformly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional squeeze casting are increased by 50%, while the hardness is increased by 30% compared with the pure matrix, and the wear performance is increased by 2.8 times.

Example 2

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of N shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is the combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material. The composite material 2 is on the matrix. A plurality of N shapes are formed on the material, and the N shapes on the composite material layer 2 are arranged in dislocation from the N shapes on the composite material layer 1. The dislocation arrangement is that the vertical lines of the N shapes on the composite material layer 2 are parallel to the N shapes on the composite material layer 1. The slash in the middle of the shape corresponds to; the wall width of the N shape is 10mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is Al-Mg-Si (6063) alloy, and the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is ceramic particles and metal particles according to the mass ratio of 2: 1 is mixed, the ceramic particles are BN particles, the metal particles are Cr particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1100 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 300 mesh, and the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Preparation of raw materials: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, and microwave preheat to 150°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: First, spray the base layer on the collector, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 60°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 70mm/s, the spraying distance is 40mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.2mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 in step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 500 ° C, and the spraying speed is 70 mm/s. The spraying distance is 6mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.2mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 500 ° C, and the spraying speed is 70mm/s. The spraying distance is 6mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.2mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the entire spray deposition process is 1Mpa, and the atomization gas is He;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5 mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 450 ° C, the forging pressure is 2 kN, the forging frequency is 20 Hz, and the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer is reduced by forging. Stop forging at 0.5mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged green body in step (3), the base material is an Al alloy of Al-Mg-Si (6063), and the heat treatment process is homogenization annealing, that is, the temperature is 620 ° C for 8 hours, and a discontinuous layer is obtained. Structured composite materials.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are uniformly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional squeeze casting are increased by 45%, and the hardness is increased by 40% compared with the pure matrix, and the wear performance is increased by 3.4 times.

Example 3

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combination layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material, the composite material 1 forms a honeycomb shape on the matrix material, the composite material layer 2 is the combination layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material, and the composite material 2 is on the matrix material. A honeycomb shape is formed, and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 are arranged in dislocation, and the dislocation arrangement is that the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 are interlaced; the wall width of the honeycomb shape is 6mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is Al-Zn-Mg (7003), the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 3:1, the ceramic particles are ZrO ₂ particles, metal particles are The particles are Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1250 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 400 mesh, and the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1 .

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Raw material preparation: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 200°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: spray the base layer on the collector first, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 100°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 80mm/s, the spraying distance is 50mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.26mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 80 mm/s. The spraying distance is 8mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.26mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 80mm/s. The spraying distance is 8mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.26mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 1.6Mpa, and the atomization gas is Ne;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray deposition layer exceeds 5mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 500 ° C, the forging pressure is 5 kN, the forging frequency is 30 Hz, and the total thickness of the spray deposition layer is reduced. Stop forging at 0.6mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged green body in step (3), the base material is an Al alloy of Al-Zn-Mg (7003), and the heat treatment process is homogenization annealing, that is, the temperature is 600 ° C for 8 hours, and a discontinuous layer is obtained. Structured composite materials.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional extrusion casting are increased by 40%, and the hardness of the composite material is increased by 50% compared with the pure matrix, and the wear performance is improved by 50%. 4.5 times higher.

Example 4

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combination layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material, the composite material 1 forms a honeycomb shape on the matrix material, the composite material layer 2 is the combination layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material, and the composite material 2 is on the matrix material. A honeycomb shape is formed, and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 are arranged in dislocation, and the dislocation arrangement is that the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 are interlaced; the wall width of the honeycomb shape is 6mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is 40Cr, the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 3:1, the ceramic particles are ZrO ₂ particles, the metal particles are Co particles, and the ceramic particles are The particle size of the metal particles is 1250 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 300 mesh, and the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Raw material preparation: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 200°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: spray the base layer on the collector first, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 100°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 80mm/s, the spraying distance is 50mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.26mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 80 mm/s. The spraying distance is 8mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.26mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 80mm/s. The spraying distance is 8mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.26mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 1.6Mpa, and the atomization gas is Ne;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5 mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 500 ° C, the forging pressure is 5 kN, the forging frequency is 20 Hz, and the forging is performed until the total thickness of the sprayed deposition layer decreases. Stop forging at 0.7mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged embryo body in step (3), the base material is 40Cr, the base material is 40Cr, the treatment process is normalizing + low temperature tempering, the normalizing temperature is 750 ° C for 60 minutes, and then the temperature is lowered to low temperature. The fire temperature was kept at 180°C for 50min to obtain the discontinuous layered structure composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional squeeze casting are increased by 50%, the compressive yield strength is increased by 1.5 times, and the hardness is increased by 40% compared with the pure matrix. %, the wear performance is increased by 2.8 times.

Example 5

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of H shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is the combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material. The composite material 2 is on the matrix. A plurality of H shapes are formed on the material, and the H shape on the composite material layer 2 and the H shape on the composite material layer 1 are arranged in dislocation, and the dislocation arrangement is the vertical line parallel to the H shape on the composite material layer 2 and the H shape on the composite material layer 1. The horizontal bar in the middle of the shape corresponds to the H-shaped wall width of 7mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is 40Cr, and the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 3:1. The ceramic particles are ZrO ₂ particles, the metal particles are Ni particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 400 mesh, and the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Preparation of raw materials: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 100°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: First, spray the base layer on the collector, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 80°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 75mm/s, the spraying distance is 40mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.15mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 in step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 500 ° C, and the spraying speed is 70 mm/s. The spraying distance is 7mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.15mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 500 ° C, and the spraying speed is 70mm/s. The spraying distance is 7mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.15mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 1.5Mpa, and the atomization gas is N ₂ ;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 450°C, the forging pressure is 3kN, the forging frequency is 30Hz, and the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer is reduced by forging. Stop forging at 0.5mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged embryo body in step (3), the base material is 40Cr, the base material is 40Cr, the treatment process is normalizing + low temperature tempering, the normalizing temperature is 800 ° C for 60 minutes, and then the temperature is lowered to a low temperature. The fire temperature was kept at 200°C for 50min to obtain the discontinuous layered structure composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plastic toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional squeeze casting is increased by 43%, the compressive yield strength is increased by 1.8 times, and the hardness is increased by 45% compared with the pure matrix. %, the wear performance is increased by 3.4 times.

Example 6

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of N shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is the combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material. The composite material 2 is on the matrix. A plurality of N shapes are formed on the material, and the N shapes on the composite material layer 2 are arranged in dislocation from the N shapes on the composite material layer 1. The dislocation arrangement is that the vertical lines of the N shapes on the composite material layer 2 are parallel to the N shapes on the composite material layer 1. The slash in the middle of the shape corresponds to; the wall width of the N shape is 10mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is 40Cr, and the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 2:1. The ceramic particles are ZrO ₂ particles, the metal particles are Ti particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1150 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 200 mesh, and the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Raw material preparation: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 200°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: First, spray the base layer on the collector, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 50°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 60mm/s, the spraying distance is 30mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.1mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 400 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60 mm/s. The spraying distance is 5mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.1mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 400 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60mm/s. The spraying distance is 5mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.1mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 0.8Mpa, and the atomization gas is N ₂ ;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5 mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 400 °C, the forging pressure is 2 kN, the forging frequency is 10 Hz, and the forging is performed until the total thickness of the sprayed deposition layer decreases. Stop forging at 0.8mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged embryo body in step (3), the base material is 40Cr, and the treatment process of the base material is 40Cr is normalizing + low temperature tempering, the normalizing temperature is 860 ° C for 60 minutes, and then cooled to a low temperature. The fire temperature was kept at 190°C for 50min to obtain the discontinuous layered structure composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional extrusion casting are increased by 40%, the compressive yield strength is increased by 2 times, and the hardness is increased by 50% compared with the pure matrix. , the wear performance is increased by 4.5 times.

Example 7

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of H shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is the combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material. The composite material 2 is on the matrix. A plurality of H shapes are formed on the material, and the H shape on the composite material layer 2 and the H shape on the composite material layer 1 are arranged in dislocation, and the dislocation arrangement is the vertical line parallel to the H shape on the composite material layer 2 and the H shape on the composite material layer 1. The horizontal bar in the middle of the shape corresponds to the H-shaped wall width of 9mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is Ti alloy TC4, and the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 3:1. The particles are ZrO ₂ particles, the metal particles are Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1200 mesh, the particle size of the metal particles is 300 mesh, and the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Raw material preparation: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 130°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: spray the base layer on the collector first, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 100°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 80mm/s, the spraying distance is 50mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.26mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 80 mm/s. The spraying distance is 8mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.26mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 520 ° C, and the spraying speed is 80mm/s. The spraying distance is 8mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.26mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 1.1Mpa, and the atomization gas is N ₂ ;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 500°C, the forging pressure is 1kN, the forging frequency is 30Hz, and the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer is reduced. Stop forging at 0.5mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged green body in step (3), when the base material is Ti alloy TC4, the heat treatment process is stress relief annealing, and the temperature is 550°C for 1.5h to obtain a discontinuous layered structure composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional extrusion casting are increased by 70%, the compressive yield strength is increased by 1.5 times, and the hardness is increased by 38% compared with the pure matrix. %, the wear performance is increased by 2.8 times.

Example 8

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combined layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material. The composite material 1 forms a plurality of N shapes on the matrix material. The composite material layer 2 is the combined layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material. The composite material 2 is on the matrix. A plurality of N shapes are formed on the material, and the N shapes on the composite material layer 2 are arranged in dislocation from the N shapes on the composite material layer 1. The dislocation arrangement is that the vertical lines of the N shapes on the composite material layer 2 are parallel to the N shapes on the composite material layer 1. The slash in the middle of the shape corresponds to; the wall width of the N shape is 6mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is Ti alloy Ti-2Al-2.5Zr, and the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is ceramic particles and metal particles according to the mass ratio of 3:1 Mixed, the ceramic particles are ZrO ₂ particles and Cr ₃ C ₂ particles mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1, the metal particles are Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000 mesh, and the particle size of the metal particles is 400 mesh. The composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is the same as the composite material 1 .

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Raw material preparation: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 200°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: spray the base layer on the collector first, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 70°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 60mm/s, the spraying distance is 50mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.18mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 480 ° C, and the spraying speed is 70 mm/s. The spraying distance is 6mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.18mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 480 ° C, and the spraying speed is 70mm/s. The spraying distance is 6mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.18mm, the spraying is stopped. , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 1.6Mpa, and the atomization gas is N ₂ ;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 480°C, the forging pressure is 5kN, the forging frequency is 20Hz, and the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer is reduced by forging. Stop forging at 0.5mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged green body in step (3), when the base material is Ti alloy Ti-2Al-2.5Zr, the heat treatment process is stress relief annealing, and the temperature is 460°C for 1.5h to obtain a discontinuous layered structure. composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional squeeze casting are increased by 60%, the compressive yield strength is increased by 1.8 times, and the hardness is increased by 45% compared with the pure matrix. %, the wear performance is increased by 3.4 times.

Example 9

A discontinuous layered structure composite material, comprising a plurality of structural units, the structural units include a matrix layer, a composite material layer 1, and a composite material layer 2, a composite material layer 1 is arranged on the matrix layer, and a composite material layer is arranged on the composite material layer 1. 2. The composite material layer 1 is the combination layer of the composite material 1 and the matrix material, the composite material 1 forms a honeycomb shape on the matrix material, the composite material layer 2 is the combination layer of the composite material 2 and the matrix material, and the composite material 2 is on the matrix material. A honeycomb shape is formed, and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 are arranged in dislocation, and the dislocation arrangement is that the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 2 and the honeycomb shape on the composite material layer 1 are interlaced; the wall width of the honeycomb shape is 6mm, the matrix material of the matrix layer is Ti alloy Ti1023, the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 1:1, the ceramic particles are ZrO ₂ particles, and the metal particles are Co particles, The particle size of the ceramic particles is 1250 mesh, and the particle size of the metal particles is 400 mesh. The composite material 2 in the composite material layer ₂ is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 2:1. The Al ₂ O ₃ particles are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:3, the metal particles are Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1250 mesh, and the particle size of the metal particles is 400 mesh.

The preparation method of the discontinuous layered structure composite material of the present embodiment, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) Preparation of raw materials: prepare the matrix material, composite material 1, and composite material 2 respectively, preheat the microwave to 100°C for 1 hour and dry;

(2) Spray deposition: First, spray the base layer on the collector, place the base material in step (1) into the base material hopper, and spray the base layer. The melt temperature of the base material is 50°C higher than the melting point of the base material. The spraying speed is 60mm/s, the spraying distance is 30mm, and the spraying is stopped after the thickness is 0.1mm;

The composite material layer 1 is sprayed, the composite material 1 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 1 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 1 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 1 is 400 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60 mm/s. The spraying distance is 5mm. After the composite material 1 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer. When the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.1mm, the spraying is stopped. ;

The composite material layer 2 is sprayed, the composite material 2 of step (1) is placed in the composite material 2 hopper, the walking path of the composite material 2 hopper is set, the temperature of the composite material 2 is 400 ° C, and the spraying speed is 60mm/s. The spraying distance is 5mm. After the composite material 2 is sprayed, the remaining part of the same plane is sprayed with the base material. The spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; when the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.1mm, stop spraying , to complete the preparation of a structural unit;

The atomization pressure of the whole spray deposition process is 0.8Mpa, and the atomization gas is Ne;

(3) Repeat step (2) until the total thickness of the spray-deposited layer exceeds 5 mm, and then perform forging. The forging temperature is 400 ° C, the forging pressure is 4 kN, the forging frequency is 10 Hz, and the forging is performed until the total thickness of the sprayed deposition layer decreases. Stop forging at 0.5mm and cool to room temperature;

(4) Heat treatment of the forged green body in step (3), when the base material is Ti alloy Ti1023, the heat treatment process is stress relief annealing, and the temperature is 610°C for 1.5h to obtain a discontinuous layered structure composite material.

Compared with the composite material prepared in this example, the ceramic particles of the same raw material are evenly distributed and the plasticity and toughness of the composite material prepared by conventional extrusion casting are increased by 50%, the compressive yield strength is increased by 2 times, and the hardness is increased by 50% compared with the pure matrix. %, the wear performance is increased by 4.3 times.

Claims (4)

1. A discontinuous layered structure composite material is characterized by comprising a plurality of structural units, wherein each structural unit comprises a base layer, a composite material layer 1 and a composite material layer 2, the composite material layer 1 is arranged on the base layer, the composite material layer 2 is arranged on the composite material layer 1, the composite material layer 1 is a combined layer of the composite material 1 and the base material, the composite material 1 forms a plurality of H shapes, a plurality of N shapes or honeycomb shapes on the base material, the composite material layer 2 is a combined layer of the composite material 2 and the base material, and the composite material 2 forms a plurality of H shapes, a plurality of N shapes or honeycomb shapes on the base material;

the H-shaped, N-shaped or honeycomb-shaped composite material layer 2 and the H-shaped, N-shaped or honeycomb-shaped composite material layer 1 are arranged in a staggered mode;

the H-shaped, N-shaped or honeycomb-shaped wall is 6-10 mm wide;

the base material is 40Cr, Al alloy or Ti alloy;

the composite material 1 in the composite material layer 1 is prepared by mixing ceramic particles and metal particles according to a mass ratio of 1-3: 1, the ceramic particles are Al₂O₃Particles, BN particles, Cr₃C₂Particles, ZrO₂One or more of the particles are mixed in any proportion, the metal particles are Ti particles, Cr particles, Ni particles or Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000-1250 meshes, and the particle size of the metal particles is 200-400 meshes.

2. The discontinuous layered structure composite material according to claim 1, wherein the composite material 2 in the composite material layer 2 is a mixture of ceramic particles and metal particles in a mass ratio of 1-3: 1, the ceramic particles are Al₂O₃Particles, BN particles, Cr₃C₂Particles, ZrO₂One or more of the particles are mixed in any proportion, the metal particles are Ti particles, Cr particles, Ni particles or Co particles, the particle size of the ceramic particles is 1000-1250 meshes, and the particle size of the metal particles is 200-400 meshes.

3. The method for preparing the discontinuous layered structure composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) preparing raw materials: respectively preparing a base material, a composite material 1 and a composite material 2, and keeping the temperature at 100-200 ℃ for 1 h;

(2) spray deposition: firstly, spraying a substrate layer on a collector, placing the substrate material obtained in the step (1) into a substrate material hopper, and spraying the substrate layer, wherein the melt temperature of the substrate material is 50-100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the substrate material, the spraying speed is 60-80 mm/s, the spraying distance is 30-50 mm, and the spraying is stopped until the thickness is 0.1-0.26 mm;

spraying a composite material layer 1, placing the composite material 1 in the step (1) into a hopper of the composite material 1, setting a walking path of the hopper of the composite material 1, wherein the temperature of the composite material 1 is 400-520 ℃, the spraying speed is 60-80 mm/s, the spraying distance is 5-8 mm, spraying a base material on the rest part of the same plane after the composite material 1 is sprayed, the spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer, and stopping spraying until the thickness of the composite material layer 1 is 0.1-0.26 mm;

spraying the composite material layer 2, placing the composite material 2 obtained in the step (1) into a hopper of the composite material 2, setting a walking path of the hopper of the composite material 2, wherein the temperature of the composite material 2 is 400-520 ℃, the spraying speed is 60-80 mm/s, the spraying distance is 5-8 mm, spraying the base material on the rest part of the same plane after the composite material 2 is sprayed, and the spraying process of the base material is the same as that of the base material in the base material layer; stopping spraying until the thickness of the composite material layer 2 is 0.1-0.26 mm; completing the preparation of a structural unit;

the atomization air pressure in the whole spray deposition process is 0.8-1.6 Mpa, and the atomization air is N₂He, Ne or Ar;

(3) repeating the step (2) until the total thickness of the sprayed and deposited layer exceeds 5mm, then forging, wherein the forging temperature is 400-500 ℃, the forging pressure is 1-5 kN, the forging frequency is 10-30 Hz, the forging is stopped when the total thickness of the sprayed and deposited layer is reduced by more than 0.5mm, and the temperature is cooled to the room temperature;

(4) and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the forged blank body obtained in the step (3) to obtain the discontinuous layered structure composite material.

4. The method for preparing the discontinuous laminated structure composite material according to claim 3, wherein the heat treatment in the step (5) is carried out by a specific process comprising the following steps: the treatment process for the matrix material of 40Cr is that the temperature is kept for 60min at 750-860 ℃, and then the temperature is reduced to 180-200 ℃ and kept for 50 min; when the base material is Al alloy, the heat treatment process is to keep the temperature at 580-620 ℃ for 8 h; the heat treatment process is to keep the temperature at 460-610 ℃ for 1.5h when the matrix material is Ti alloy.

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