Micro-pressure injection-based online medicine mixing device and medicine mixing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant protection machinery, in particular to a micro-pressure injection-based online pesticide mixing device and a pesticide mixing method.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, and the control effect of plant diseases and insect pests is closely related to the crop yield. The prevention and control of Chinese diseases and insect pests are mainly based on prevention, and a method of spraying chemical agents is mostly adopted. At present, agricultural spraying mainly adopts premixing type spraying, and the pesticide mixing mode also causes the problems of pesticide residue, environmental pollution, harm to the health of operators and the like while preventing and controlling diseases and pests.
Referring to relevant documents and patents, the current online medicine mixing devices are mainly classified into the following types: jet type on-line medicine mixing device, injection type medicine mixing device, positive pressure type medicine mixing device and the like. The current prior art has not found a drug mixing device based on micro-pressure injection. The current on-line medicine mixing device mostly adopts high-pressure medicine mixing, and the search of the prior patent of the similar technology finds that the Chinese patent with the application number of 201611020511.5, namely a direct injection type real-time variable-concentration on-line medicine mixing and spraying device and a control method thereof, discloses a direct injection type real-time variable-concentration on-line medicine mixing and spraying device and a control method thereof, can directly inject medicine mixing and change the spraying concentration in real time, but adopts pressurized spraying. The volume of the liquid medicine and the volume of the water can change under the action of pressure in the medicine mixing process, so that deviation occurs in flow monitoring, and the medicine mixing concentration is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a micro-pressure injection-based online medicine mixing device and a medicine mixing method, which aim to solve the technical problem of medicine mixing concentration deviation caused by pressurization medicine mixing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an online medicine mixing device based on minute-pressure injection formula includes: the water taking component, the medicine mixing unit and the control component are respectively connected with the water taking component and the medicine taking component, and the control component controls the water taking component and the medicine taking component to take water and medicine with corresponding flow according to a water-medicine ratio matched with the crop type and input the water and medicine into the medicine mixing unit;
a water outlet pipe of the water taking assembly is connected into the medicine mixing unit through a water injection port, a medicine outlet pipe of the medicine taking assembly is connected into the medicine mixing unit through a medicine injection port, and the water injection port and the medicine injection port are both arranged at an angle with the inner wall of the medicine mixing unit, so that water flow is mixed with the medicine flow of the medicine injection port along the inner wall in the medicine mixing unit from one end of the medicine mixing unit and then is output from a medicine liquid outlet at the other end of the medicine mixing unit;
the pipe diameter of the liquid medicine outlet is smaller than that of the water injection port so as to keep the pressure in the liquid medicine mixing unit.
As a further improvement of the mixing device of the present invention:
preferably, the water intake assembly comprises a first flow sensor and the water intake assembly comprises a second flow sensor;
the control component acquires water flow data from the first flow sensor and medicine flow data from the second flow sensor and adjusts the water flow of the water taking component and the medicine flow of the medicine taking component according to the water-medicine ratio feedback.
Preferably, a pressure sensor is arranged at the medicine mixing unit and connected with the control unit, the control assembly acquires a pressure value in the medicine mixing unit from the pressure sensor, and when the pressure value is lower than a set micro-pressure threshold value, the water flow of the water taking assembly and the medicine flow of the medicine taking assembly are adjusted.
Preferably, the water intake assembly comprises a water tank and a water intake pump; the water taking pump is connected with the water tank and outputs water in the water tank to the medicine mixing unit through the water injection port; the first flow sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the water taking pump and the medicine mixing unit and connected with the control unit, and the control assembly is connected with the control end of the water taking pump;
the medicine taking assembly comprises a medicine box and a medicine injection pump, the medicine injection pump is connected with the medicine box and outputs liquid medicine of the medicine box to the medicine mixing unit through a medicine injection port, the second flow sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the medicine injection pump and the medicine mixing unit and is connected with the control unit, and the control assembly is further connected with a control end of the medicine injection pump.
Preferably, a liquid medicine outlet of the medicine mixing unit is connected with a medicine spraying device, and the medicine spraying device comprises a medicine water tank, a proportional electromagnetic valve and a spray head; a liquid medicine outlet of the medicine mixing unit is connected with a liquid medicine tank, a spray head is connected with the liquid medicine tank through a pipeline, and a proportional solenoid valve is connected between the liquid medicine tank and the spray head and used for controlling the flow of the spray head in real time;
the water taking pump is a diaphragm pump, a first overflow valve and a first one-way valve are arranged between the diaphragm pump and the medicine mixing unit, and the overflow end of the first overflow valve returns to the water tank;
the medicine injection pump is a peristaltic pump, a second overflow valve and a second one-way valve are further arranged between the peristaltic pump and the medicine mixing unit, and the overflow end of the second overflow valve returns to the medicine box.
Preferably, the water tank facial make-up is equipped with first level sensor, and the medical kit facial make-up is equipped with second level sensor, and first level sensor, second level sensor all link to each other with the control unit.
Preferably, mix the medicine unit and be the cylinder type, be provided with the spiral inner chamber in mixing the medicine unit, the spiral inner chamber is surrounded by the spoiler that is the helix and arranges and the inner wall of cylinder type that set up on the inner wall of cylinder type, and the water filling port sets up the head at the spiral inner chamber with at least one injection mouth, and when the quantity more than or equal to two of injection mouth, other injection mouths set up in the spiral of spiral inner chamber along the inner wall of mixing the medicine unit evenly, and the liquid medicine export sets up in the afterbody of spiral inner chamber.
The invention also provides a medicine mixing method using the micro-pressure injection type online medicine mixing device, which comprises the following steps:
according to the water-medicine ratio matched with the crop category and input by a user, taking water and medicine with corresponding flow rates and inputting the water and medicine into a medicine mixing unit;
the control component acquires the water flow data of the first flow sensor and the medicine flow data from the second flow sensor, and when the water flow data or the medicine flow data is different from the theoretical water flow or the medicine flow, the rotating speed of the water taking pump or the medicine injection pump is adjusted to enable the actual water flow or the medicine flow to meet the water-medicine ratio.
As a further improvement of the process of the invention:
preferably, the method further comprises the steps of: the control assembly acquires a pressure value in the medicine mixing unit from the pressure sensor, and when the pressure value is lower than a set micro-pressure threshold value, the water flow of the water taking assembly and the medicine flow of the medicine taking assembly are adjusted to enable the pressure value in the medicine mixing unit to be equal to or higher than the set micro-pressure threshold value.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of: and acquiring water tank liquid level data of the first liquid level sensor and medicine box liquid level data of the second liquid level sensor, and stopping working, alarming or injecting water or medicine when the liquid level of the water tank or the liquid level of the medicine box is lower than the corresponding calibrated lowest liquid level.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the micro-pressure injection-based online medicine mixing device, micro-pressure mixing of water and medicine is achieved through the structure of the medicine mixing device, no volume change of the medicine and the water is guaranteed, and liquid medicine with more accurate concentration is obtained. A pressurizing device is not needed, the medicine mixing cost is reduced, and the medicine mixing device is more economical and practical.
2. In a preferable scheme, the micro-pressure injection type online medicine mixing device realizes real-time online mixing of the medicine and water by adjusting the proportional electromagnetic valve through the control assembly, and the medicine mixing ratio adjusting range is large and can reach 300: 1-3000: 1.
3. According to the medicine mixing method based on the micro-pressure injection type online medicine mixing device, the rotating speeds of the water taking pump and the medicine injection pump can be adjusted in a feedback mode by acquiring the actual water flow and medicine flow, so that more accurate medicine mixing liquid medicine is obtained; further, in a preferable scheme, the method can adjust and maintain the pressure in the medicine mixing unit through the pressure sensor and maintain micro-pressure medicine mixing, so that water and liquid medicine can be uniformly mixed without volume change, the cost is saved, the operation is simple, and the mixing precision is high.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online medicine mixing device based on micro-pressure injection according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an online medicine mixing device based on micro-pressure injection according to a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a medicine mixing unit according to the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the mixing method based on the micro-pressure injection type on-line mixing device in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a control assembly according to preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. a liquid medicine outlet; 2. a medicine injection port; 3. a spoiler; 4. a water injection port; 5. a medicine mixing unit.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, the online medicine mixing device based on micro-pressure injection of the present invention comprises: the water taking component, the medicine mixing unit 5 and the control component are respectively connected with the water taking component and the medicine taking component, and the control component controls the water taking component and the medicine taking component to take water and medicine with corresponding flow according to the water-medicine ratio matched with the crop type and input the water and medicine into the medicine mixing unit 5; a water outlet pipe of the water taking assembly is connected into a medicine mixing unit 5 through a water injection port 4, a medicine outlet pipe of the water taking assembly is connected into the medicine mixing unit 5 through a medicine injection port 2, and the water injection port 4 and the medicine injection port 2 are both arranged at an angle with the inner wall of the medicine mixing unit 5, so that water flow is mixed with the medicine flow of the medicine injection port 2 along the inner wall in the medicine mixing unit 5 from one end of the medicine mixing unit 5 and then is output from a medicine liquid outlet 1 at the other end of the medicine mixing unit 5; the pipe diameter of the liquid medicine outlet 1 is smaller than that of the water injection port 4 so as to maintain the pressure in the liquid medicine mixing unit 5. The water pump and the water outlet micropressure of the medicine pump ensure the precise measurement of the medicine flow and the water flow and the accuracy of the medicine mixing ratio. The micro-pressure mixing of water and medicine is realized through the structure of mixing the medicine device, the no volume change of medicament and water is ensured, and more accurate liquid medicine of concentration is obtained. A pressurizing device is not needed, the medicine mixing cost is reduced, and the medicine mixing device is more economical and practical.
In practice, the above drug mixing device can be expanded or applied as follows, and the technical features in the following embodiments can be combined with each other, and the embodiments are only examples and are not limited to the normal combination of the technical features.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 2, the online medicine mixing device based on micro-pressure injection of the present embodiment includes: the water taking component, the medicine mixing unit 5 and a control component (not shown in the figure) which is respectively connected with the water taking component and the medicine taking component, wherein the control component controls the water taking component and the medicine taking component to take water and medicine with corresponding flow rates according to a water-medicine ratio matched with the crop type and input the water and medicine into the medicine mixing unit 5; a water outlet pipe of the water taking assembly is connected into a medicine mixing unit 5 through a water injection port 4, a medicine outlet pipe of the water taking assembly is connected into the medicine mixing unit 5 through a medicine injection port 2, and the water injection port 4 and the medicine injection port 2 are both arranged at an angle with the inner wall of the medicine mixing unit 5, so that water flow is mixed with the medicine flow of the medicine injection port 2 along the inner wall in the medicine mixing unit 5 from one end of the medicine mixing unit 5 and then is output from a medicine liquid outlet 1 at the other end of the medicine mixing unit 5; the pipe diameter of the liquid medicine outlet 1 is smaller than that of the water injection port 4 so as to maintain the pressure in the liquid medicine mixing unit 5.
In this embodiment, the water intake assembly includes a first flow sensor, a water tank, and a water intake pump; the water taking pump is connected with the water tank and outputs water in the water tank to the medicine mixing unit 5 through the water injection port 4; the first flow sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the water taking pump and the medicine mixing unit 5 and is connected with the control unit, and the control assembly is connected with the control end of the water taking pump. In this embodiment, the water intaking pump is the diaphragm pump, still is provided with first overflow valve and first check valve between diaphragm pump and the unit of mixing medicine 5, and the overflow end of first overflow valve returns the water tank. The diaphragm pump is a four-cylinder diaphragm pump, the water tank is made of corrosion-resistant water tank plastic, and a rotating shaft of the diaphragm pump is connected with a power output shaft of a driving motor of the diaphragm pump.
The medicine taking assembly comprises a second flow sensor, a medicine box and a medicine injection pump, the medicine injection pump is connected with the medicine box and outputs liquid medicine of the medicine box to the medicine mixing unit 5 through the medicine injection port 2, the second flow sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the medicine injection pump and the medicine mixing unit 5 and is connected with the control unit, and the control assembly is further connected with a control end of the medicine injection pump. In this embodiment, the medicine injection pump is a peristaltic pump, a second overflow valve and a second check valve are further arranged between the peristaltic pump and the medicine mixing unit 5, and an overflow end of the second overflow valve returns to the medicine chest. Wherein, the medical kit material is PVC corrosion resistant plastics.
The structure of the control assembly of the embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and the control assembly comprises a controller, i.e., an STM32F103R8T6 chip, a power supply circuit, a driving circuit, a keyboard, a display, a liquid level sensor, a flow sensor, an amplifying circuit, an RS485 communication circuit and the like. The flow sensor converts the liquid flow into an electric signal, and the electric signal is amplified by the amplifying circuit and then is transmitted to the controller. The RS485 communication circuit mainly realizes communication with an upper computer. In practice, the control module obtains water flow data from the first flow sensor and drug flow data from the second flow sensor, and adjusts the water flow of the water intake module and the drug flow of the drug intake module according to the water-drug ratio feedback.
In the embodiment, the liquid medicine outlet 1 of the medicine mixing unit 5 is connected with a medicine spraying device, and the medicine spraying device comprises a medicine water tank, a proportional electromagnetic valve and a spray head; the liquid medicine outlet 1 of the medicine mixing unit 5 is connected with a liquid medicine tank, the spray head is connected with the liquid medicine tank through a pipeline, and the proportional solenoid valve is connected between the liquid medicine tank and the spray head and used for controlling the flow of the spray head in real time. The control assembly is used for adjusting the electromagnetic valve, so that real-time online mixing of the medicament and water is realized, and the adjustment range of the medicament mixing ratio is large and can reach 300: 1-3000: 1. For example, the opening of the proportional solenoid valve is adjusted according to the traveling speed of the plant protection machine measured by a sensor, and variable spraying work is performed.
In this embodiment, the water tank facial make-up is equipped with first level sensor, and the medical kit facial make-up is equipped with second level sensor, and first level sensor, second level sensor all link to each other with the control unit. The liquid medicine case also can set up third level sensor for show the liquid level of liquid medicine case, and third level sensor also can link to each other with the control unit, when mixing the liquid medicine not enough, can close the shower nozzle or reduce proportion solenoid valve's aperture.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the medicine mixing unit 5 is a cylindrical type, a spiral inner cavity is provided in the medicine mixing unit 5, the spiral inner cavity is surrounded by the spoiler 3 arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical type in a spiral line arrangement and the inner wall of the cylindrical type, the water injection port 4 and the at least one medicine injection port 2 are provided at the head of the spiral inner cavity, when the number of the medicine injection ports 2 is greater than or equal to two, the other medicine injection ports 2 are uniformly provided in the spiral of the spiral inner cavity along the inner wall of the medicine mixing unit 5, and the liquid medicine outlet 1 is provided at the tail of the spiral inner cavity. When the injection port 2 is one, the injection port and the water injection port 4 are arranged at the end part of the medicine mixing unit 5, when the injection port 2 is multiple, the injection port 2 can be uniformly distributed on the flow path of water flow, and the water flow is converged to complete mixing. In practical implementation, under the condition that the spoiler 3 is not arranged, the effect of micro-pressure mixing can be achieved only by forming the rotational flow between the angle of the water injection port 4 and the inner wall, and the effect is good only without arranging the spoiler 3.
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a drug mixing method using the above-mentioned online drug mixing device based on micro-pressure injection, including the following steps:
setting mixing parameters: according to the water-medicine ratio matched with the crop category and input by a user, water and medicine with corresponding flow are input into a medicine mixing unit 5;
the control component acquires water flow data of the first flow sensor and medicine flow data from the second flow sensor, and when the water flow data or the medicine flow data is different from theoretical water flow or medicine flow, the rotating speed of the water taking pump or the medicine injection pump is adjusted to enable the actual water flow or the medicine flow to meet the water-medicine ratio; the rotational speed of water intaking pump and injection pump is adjusted in the accessible collection actual discharge and medicine flow feedback to obtain more accurate medicine liquid medicine that mixes.
When the liquid level of the water tank or the liquid level of the medicine box is lower than the corresponding calibrated lowest liquid level, the control assembly stops working, gives an alarm or injects water or injects medicines. For example, when the liquid level reaches the minimum preset value, an alarm is given to remind an operator to stop working, and water and medicines are respectively injected into the water tank and the medicine box.
And repeating the steps until all the pesticide spraying work is finished.
Example 2:
the structure of the online mixing device based on micro-pressure injection in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again. The difference between the two is that in the present embodiment, a pressure sensor is disposed at the medicine mixing unit 5, and the pressure sensor is connected to the control unit. When the device is implemented, the control assembly acquires the pressure value in the medicine mixing unit 5 from the pressure sensor, and when the pressure value is lower than the set micro-pressure threshold value, the water flow of the water taking assembly and the medicine flow of the medicine taking assembly are adjusted.
When the medicine mixing method of embodiment 1 is executed by using the micro-pressure injection-based online medicine mixing device of the present embodiment, the control module may further obtain a pressure value in the medicine mixing unit 5 from the pressure sensor, and when the pressure value is lower than a set micro-pressure threshold, adjust the water flow rate of the water taking module and the medicine flow rate of the medicine taking module so that the pressure value in the medicine mixing unit 5 is equal to or higher than the set micro-pressure threshold; can keep mixing the medicine through pressure sensor regulation and the pressure that keeps in mixing the medicine unit 5, keep the minute-pressure to mix the medicine for water and liquid medicine volume unchangeable can the misce bene again, has practiced thrift the cost, easy operation, and the mixing accuracy is high.
In this embodiment, the control assembly can also be externally connected with a display screen and an input unit, so that an operator can timely know the numerical values of each flow sensor and each liquid level sensor, the existing medicine mixing ratio, the pressure value and the like, and can manually adjust the parameters.
In conclusion, the on-line uniform mixing of the liquid medicine and the water can be realized according to the actual spraying requirement, the liquid medicine proportioning range is large, and the liquid medicine can be accurately adjusted within the range of 300: 1-3000: 1. Mix the medicine under the minute-pressure state, avoid water and medicine to produce the volume change, improve liquid medicine ratio precision, satisfy the demand of accurate dispensing, reduce the residue of pesticide, and this device can realize mixing the medicine on line in real time, avoids the pesticide extravagant, reduces environmental pollution.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.