CN109187935B - A method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwave - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of cultural relic detection, and discloses a method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves. The method first adopts calcium nitrate and formic acid system to prepare mulberry silk fibroin, and then prepares a kind of silk fibroin antibody marked by quantum dot beads, and then microwave Elisa detects the silk fibroin and silk fabric cultural relic samples, and the fluorescence intensity value is It can be judged whether the cultural relic samples contain mulberry silk. The invention has the characteristics of less sample consumption, rapidity, accuracy and high sensitivity, and has a good detection effect on spoiled silk fabrics.

Description

A method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwave

technical field

The invention relates to the field of cultural relic detection, in particular to a method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves.

Background technique

China has been a big country of textiles since ancient times. The textiles produced are rich in variety, exquisite in craftsmanship, comfortable and breathable. Among them, the most famous textile is Chinese silk, so China is also known as the "Silk Country". The main component of silk is mulberry silk, which is mainly composed of silk fibroin and sericin. Silk fibroin is the main component of silk, accounting for about 70% of the total weight. Moreover, as an organic polymer material, mulberry silk is easily degraded by light, heat, acid and alkali, microorganisms, etc., resulting in changes in structure and properties such as crystallinity, molecular weight, etc., so the conventional detection method has low sensitivity and is interfered by impurities. It has a large impact and is not suitable for the detection of cultural relics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for detecting silk fabrics with good sensitivity and specificity.

Microwave detection has the characteristics of high sensitivity and convenient operation, and is widely used in various fields. However, since the silk cultural relics to be detected in the present invention are different from the conventional testing samples, it is necessary to improve the microwave detection method specifically for the special object of silk cultural relics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves. Aiming at the special detection object of the silk fabric cultural relic sample, the present invention makes many improvements to the process. Using the method of the invention to detect ancient silk fabrics has the characteristics of intuition, accuracy and high sensitivity.

The specific technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves, in μg, g and mL, comprising the following steps:

A) Weigh 4-6g of mulberry silk and place it in 180-220mL of sodium carbonate solution containing 0.018-0.022M, water bath for 55-65min, water bath temperature is 75-85 ℃, take out and wash with deionized water more than three times, dry to obtain silk fibroin.

B) Take 1.8-2.2g dried silk fibroin, 2.3-2.7g calcium nitrate, add 48-52mL of formic acid, stir for 80-100min, filter and add sodium bicarbonate until the solution is neutral, after dialysis freeze-drying, the obtained The silk fibroin is ground into silk fibroin powder, for use.

The invention uses calcium nitrate and formic acid system to dissolve silk fibroin, which can not only increase the solubility of silk fibroin, but also reduce the damage to silk fibroin molecular chain, and the system can complete the dissolution of silk fibroin at normal temperature without heating .

C) Weigh 18-22 mg of cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, 118-122 mg of polymethyl methacrylate, 78-82 mg of polymaleic anhydride-octadecene copolymer, and add them to 1.8-2.2 ml of chloroform , mixed with 4.5-5.5ml of 3mg/ml sodium dodecyl sulfonate aqueous solution, ultrasonically homogenized, and then evaporated chloroform; then the obtained water-soluble quantum dot beads were purified by centrifugation, washed with deionized water for 2-4 Quantum Dot Beads are obtained.

The quantum dot beads prepared by the invention contain many cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, and the luminescence intensity is several thousand times that of a single cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dot, and plays the role of amplifying the fluorescence signal in the detection process, increasing the detection sensitivity.

D) Take 0.9-1.1µg of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.1-0.14mg of the water-soluble quantum dots obtained in step C) and add it to 2.5-3.1ml of Add 90-110µl of silk fibroin antibody diluted to 1000 times with 1wt% bovine serum albumin dropwise to PBS 7.4 buffer while stirring slowly, leave at room temperature for 35-45min, centrifuge, take the precipitate and buffer with 600µl PBS 7.4 Resuspend in liquid and store at 1-5°C for later use.

E) Dissolve 0.02-0.2g of cultural relic samples in 100ml of CB 9.6 buffer, mix and stir evenly, let stand, take 80-120µl of supernatant and add it to column a of the microtiter plate, and use the silk fibroin powder obtained in step B) with CB 9.6 buffer was prepared into a 100µg/ml silk fibroin solution, and 80-120µl was added to columns b and c of the microtiter plate. Column b was used as a positive control, and column c was used as a blank control, and 80-120µl of PBS 7.4 buffer was added. Go to column d of the ELISA plate as a negative control, incubate the ELISA plate in a microwave oven for 2-4 minutes, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer.

F) Add 180-220µl of blocking solution to each well, incubate in a microwave oven for 2-4min, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS7.4 buffer.

G) Take 80-120µl of the solution obtained in step D) and add it to columns a, b and d of the microtiter plate, add 80-120µl of blocking solution to column c, and incubate it in a microwave oven for 2-4min. Wash with PBS 7.4 buffer.

Compared with the traditional method, the present invention uses microwave incubation to accelerate the reaction of the antigen-antibody through high-frequency oscillation, so that the experiment time is greatly shortened, and the repeatability of the detection result is improved.

H) Use a fluorescence microplate reader to measure the fluorescence value, take the OD mean value of the negative control + 3 SD as the cut-off value, if the fluorescence mean value of column a > the cut-off value of column d, then determine that the cultural relic sample contains mulberry silk.

In the present invention, the system of calcium nitrate and formic acid is used to prepare mulberry silk fibroin, and then a silk fibroin antibody marked by quantum dot beads is prepared. Determine whether the cultural relic samples contain mulberry silk. The invention has the characteristics of less sample consumption, rapidity, accuracy and high sensitivity, and has a good detection effect on spoiled silk fabrics.

Preferably, in step A), the obtained solution is dialyzed in deionized water with a cellulose dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 8000-10000 for 2-3 days, and the water is changed every 5-7h, and the silk fibroin solution is vacuum freeze-dried 2-3 days.

Preferably, in step C), the centrifugation speed is 8000-12000rpm, and the centrifugation time is 8-12min.

Preferably, in step E), the preparation method of CB 9.6 buffer is as follows: Weigh 1.5 g of sodium carbonate and 2.9 g of sodium bicarbonate, add them into 800 mL of deionized water, and stir them evenly until they are completely dissolved. pH to 9.6.

Preferably, in step D) and step E), the preparation method of PBS 7.4 buffer is as follows: weigh 0.2 g potassium chloride, 0.27 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 g sodium chloride and 1.42 g disodium hydrogen phosphate and add to Stir evenly in 800 mL of deionized water until it is completely dissolved, and then dilute to 1000 mL with a volumetric flask, and adjust the pH of the solution to 7.4.

Preferably, in step F), the blocking solution is 1wt% bovine serum albumin.

Preferably, in step E) step F) step G), wash with PBS 7.4 buffer 3-5 times, 2-4min each time.

Preferably, in step H), when the fluorescence microplate reader detects the fluorescence, the excitation wavelength is 360 nm, and the emission wavelength is 500 nm.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention uses calcium nitrate and formic acid system to dissolve silk fibroin at normal temperature, which can not only increase the solubility of silk fibroin, but also reduce the damage to silk fibroin molecular chain.

(2) The quantum dot beads prepared by the present invention contain many cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, and the luminescence intensity is several thousand times that of a single cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dot, and plays the role of amplifying the fluorescence signal in the detection process , to increase the detection sensitivity.

(3) The microwave used in the present invention promotes the accelerated reaction of the antigen-antibody by high-frequency oscillation, so that the experiment time is greatly shortened, and the repeatability of the detection result is improved.

(4) The present invention uses less sample, has the characteristics of rapidity, accuracy and high sensitivity, and has a good detection effect on spoiled silk fabrics.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples.

Example 1:

A) Weigh 5g of mulberry silk and place it in 180mL of sodium carbonate solution containing 0.018M, take a water bath for 55min, the water bath temperature is 80°C, take it out and wash it with deionized water for more than three times, and put it in an oven to dry.

B) Take 2g dried silk fibroin, 2.3g calcium nitrate, add 48mL of formic acid, stir with magnetic force for 80min, filter and add sodium bicarbonate until the solution is neutral, use a cellulose dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 8000 to dialyze in deionized water for 2 For 2 days, the water was changed every 5 h, the silk fibroin solution was freeze-dried in a vacuum freeze dryer for 2 days, and the obtained silk fibroin was ground into powder for use.

C) Weigh 20mg cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, 118mg polymethyl methacrylate, 78mg polymaleic anhydride-octadecene copolymer, add 1.8ml chloroform, mix with 4.5ml 3mg/ml The aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfonate solution was mixed and treated with an ultrasonic homogenizer, after which the chloroform was evaporated. Then, the obtained water-soluble quantum dot beads were purified by centrifugation, the centrifugal speed was 8000 rpm, the time was 8 min, and the quantum dot beads were obtained by washing twice with deionized water.

D) Take 0.9 µg of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.1 mg of the quantum dot beads from step C) and add it to 2.5 ml of PBS 7.4 buffer, then slowly while While stirring, add 90µl of silk fibroin antibody diluted to 1000 times with 1wt% bovine serum albumin dropwise, leave it at room temperature for 35min, centrifuge, take the precipitate and resuspend in 600µl PBS 7.4 buffer, then store it in a refrigerator at 4°C for later use .

E) Dissolve 0.02g cultural relic sample in 100ml CB 9.6 buffer, mix and stir evenly, let stand, take 80µl of supernatant and add it to column a of the microtiter plate, add the mulberry silk fibroin powder in step B) with CB 9.6 buffer Prepare 100µg/ml silk fibroin solution, add 80µl to column b and c of the microtiter plate, column b as a positive control, column c as a blank control, add 80µl of PBS7.4 buffer to column d of the microtiter plate as a For negative control, place the ELISA plate in a microwave oven to incubate for 2 min at low speed, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer 3 times, 2 min each time.

CB 9.6 buffer preparation: Weigh 1.5 g of sodium carbonate and 2.9 g of sodium bicarbonate into 800 mL of deionized water, stir evenly until completely dissolved, and use a volumetric flask to dilute to 1000 mL, and adjust the pH of the solution to 9.6.

F) Add 180µl of 1wt% bovine serum albumin to each well, incubate in a microwave oven for 2min at low speed, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer 3 times, 2min each time.

G) Add 80µl of the solution in step D) to columns a, b, and d of the microtiter plate, add 80µl of blocking solution to column c, place it in a microwave oven for 2min at low speed, aspirate the liquid in the well, and buffer it with PBS 7.4 Washed 3 times, 2 min each time.

Preparation of PBS 7.4 buffer: Weigh 0.2 g of potassium chloride, 0.27 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 g of sodium chloride and 1.42 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate into 800 mL of deionized water and stir evenly until completely dissolved. Make up to 1000 mL and adjust the pH of the solution to 7.4.

H) Use a fluorescence microplate reader to measure the fluorescence value, the excitation wavelength is 360 nm, the emission wavelength is 500 nm, and the average OD value + 3 SD of the negative control is used as the cut-off value, if the average fluorescence value in column a > the cut-off value in column d The value of off indicates that the cultural relic sample contains mulberry silk.

Example 2:

A) Weigh 5g of mulberry silk and place it in 200mL of sodium carbonate solution containing 0.02M, take a water bath for 60min, the water bath temperature is 80°C, take out and wash with deionized water for more than three times, and put it in an oven to dry.

B) Take 2g dried silk fibroin, 2.5g calcium nitrate, add 50mL of formic acid, stir with magnetic force for 90min, filter and add sodium bicarbonate until the solution is neutral, use a cellulose dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 9000 to dialyze in deionized water for 2.5 For 2.5 days, the water was changed every 6 h, the silk fibroin solution was freeze-dried in a vacuum freeze dryer for 2.5 days, and the obtained silk fibroin was ground into powder for use.

C) Weigh 20mg cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, 120mg polymethyl methacrylate, 80mg polymaleic anhydride-octadecene copolymer, add 2ml of chloroform, mix with 5ml of 3mg/ml dodecane The aqueous sodium alkyl sulfonate solution was mixed and treated with an ultrasonic homogenizer, after which the chloroform was evaporated. The obtained water-soluble quantum dot beads were then purified by centrifugation at a centrifugation rate of 10,000 rpm and a time of 10 min. The quantum dot beads were obtained by washing three times with deionized water.

D) Take 1 µg of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.12 mg of the quantum dot beads from step C) and add them to 2..8 ml of PBS 7.4 buffer, and then Add 100µl of silk fibroin antibody diluted to 1000 times with 1wt% bovine serum albumin dropwise while stirring slowly, place at room temperature for 40min, centrifuge, take the precipitate and resuspend in 600µl PBS 7.4 buffer, then store in a 4°C refrigerator spare.

E) Dissolve 0.11g of cultural relic sample in 100ml CB 9.6 buffer, mix and stir evenly, let stand, take 100µl of supernatant and add it to column a of the microtiter plate, add the mulberry silk fibroin powder in step B) with CB 9.6 buffer Prepare a silk fibroin solution of 100µg/ml, add 100µl to columns b and c of the microtiter plate, column b is used as a positive control, column c is a blank control, and 100µl of PBS 7.4 buffer is added to column d of the microtiter plate as a negative control , incubate the ELISA plate in a microwave oven for 3 min at a medium-low level, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer 4 times, 3 min each time.

CB 9.6 buffer preparation: Weigh 1.5 g of sodium carbonate and 2.9 g of sodium bicarbonate into 800 mL of deionized water, stir evenly until completely dissolved, and use a volumetric flask to dilute to 1000 mL, and adjust the pH of the solution to 9.6.

F) Add 200µl of 1wt% bovine serum albumin to each well, incubate in a microwave oven for 3min at low speed, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer 4 times, 3min each time.

G) Add 100µl of the solution in step D) to columns a, b, and d of the microtiter plate, add 100µl of blocking solution to column c, and incubate in a microwave oven for 3 minutes at medium and low settings, aspirate the liquid in the well, and buffer with PBS 7.4 The solution was washed 4 times, 3 min each time.

Preparation of PBS 7.4 buffer: Weigh 0.2 g of potassium chloride, 0.27 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 g of sodium chloride and 1.42 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate into 800 mL of deionized water and stir evenly until completely dissolved. Make up to 1000 mL and adjust the pH of the solution to 7.4.

H) Use a fluorescence microplate reader to measure the fluorescence value, the excitation wavelength is 360 nm, the emission wavelength is 500 nm, and the average OD value + 3 SD of the negative control is used as the cut-off value, if the average fluorescence value in column a > the cut-off value in column d The value of off indicates that the cultural relic sample contains mulberry silk.

Example 3:

A) Weigh 5g of mulberry silk and place it in 220mL of sodium carbonate solution containing 0.022M, take a water bath for 65min, the water bath temperature is 80°C, take out and wash with deionized water more than three times, and put it into an oven to dry;

B) Take 2g dried silk fibroin, 2.7g calcium nitrate, add 52mL of formic acid, stir with magnetic force for 100min, filter and add sodium bicarbonate until the solution is neutral, use a cellulose dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 10000 to dialyze 3 For 3 days, the water was changed every 7h, the silk fibroin solution was freeze-dried in a vacuum freeze dryer for 3 days, and the obtained silk fibroin was ground into powder for later use;

C) Weigh 20mg cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, 122mg polymethyl methacrylate, 82mg polymaleic anhydride-octadecene copolymer, add 2.2ml of chloroform, mix with 5.5ml of 3mg/ml The aqueous sodium dodecyl sulfonate solution was mixed and treated with an ultrasonic homogenizer, after which the chloroform was evaporated. The obtained water-soluble quantum dot beads were then purified by centrifugation at a centrifugal speed of 12000 rpm and a time of 12 min. Wash with deionized water for 4 times to obtain quantum dot beads;

D) Take 1.1 µg of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.1-0.14 mg of the quantum dot beads from step C) and add to 3.1 ml of PBS 7.4 buffer, then While stirring slowly, add 110µl of silk fibroin antibody diluted to 1000 times with 1wt% bovine serum albumin dropwise, place at room temperature for 45min, centrifuge, take the precipitate and resuspend in 600µl PBS7.4 buffer, then store at 4°C reserve in the refrigerator;

E) Dissolve 0.2g cultural relic sample in 100ml CB 9.6 buffer, mix and stir evenly, let stand, take 120µl of supernatant and add it to column a of the microtiter plate, add the mulberry silk fibroin powder in step B) with CB 9.6 buffer Prepare a 100µg/ml silk fibroin solution, add 120µl to columns b and c of the microtiter plate, column b as a positive control, column c as a blank control, add 120µl of PBS 7.4 buffer to column d of the microtiter plate as a negative control , incubate the ELISA plate in a microwave oven for 4 min at a medium-low level, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer for 5 times, 4 min each time;

CB 9.6 buffer preparation: Weigh 1.5 g of sodium carbonate and 2.9 g of sodium bicarbonate into 800 mL of deionized water, stir evenly until completely dissolved, and use a volumetric flask to dilute to 1000 mL, and adjust the pH of the solution to 9.6.

F) Add 220µl of 1wt% bovine serum albumin to each well, incubate in a microwave oven for 4 minutes at a medium-low level, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer for 5 times, 4 minutes each time;

G) Add 120µl of the solution in step D) to columns a, b, and d of the microtiter plate, add 120µl of blocking solution to column c, place it in a microwave oven for 4 minutes at medium-low speed, aspirate the liquid in the well, and buffer it with PBS 7.4 liquid washing 5 times, 4 min each time;

Preparation of PBS 7.4 buffer: Weigh 0.2 g of potassium chloride, 0.27 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 g of sodium chloride and 1.42 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate into 800 mL of deionized water and stir evenly until completely dissolved. Make up to 1000 mL and adjust the pH of the solution to 7.4.

H) Use a fluorescence microplate reader to measure the fluorescence value, the excitation wavelength is 360 nm, the emission wavelength is 500 nm, and the average OD value + 3 SD of the negative control is used as the cut-off value, if the average fluorescence value in column a > the cut-off value in column d The value of off indicates that the cultural relic sample contains mulberry silk.

The raw materials and equipment used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are the common raw materials and equipment in the art; the methods used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are the conventional methods in the art.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any simple modifications, changes and equivalent transformations made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technical solutions of the present invention. scope of protection.

Claims (8)

1. a method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwave, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: A) Weigh 4-6g of mulberry silk and place it in 180-220mL of sodium carbonate solution containing 0.018-0.022M, water bath for 55-65min, water bath temperature is 75-85 ℃, take out and wash with deionized water more than three times, dry to obtain silk fibroin; B) Take 1.8-2.2g dried silk fibroin, 2.3-2.7g calcium nitrate, add 48-52mL of formic acid, stir for 80-100min, filter and add sodium bicarbonate until the solution is neutral, after dialysis freeze-drying, the obtained Silk fibroin is ground into silk fibroin powder, for use; C) Weigh 18-22 mg of cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide quantum dots, 118-122 mg of polymethyl methacrylate, 78-82 mg of polymaleic anhydride-octadecene copolymer, and add them to 1.8-2.2 ml of chloroform , mixed with 4.5-5.5ml of 3mg/ml sodium dodecyl sulfonate aqueous solution, ultrasonically homogenized, and then evaporated chloroform; then the obtained water-soluble quantum dot beads were purified by centrifugation, washed with deionized water for 2-4 Quantum dot beads are obtained for the second time; D) Take 0.9-1.1µg of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.1-0.14mg of the water-soluble quantum dots obtained in step C) and add it to 2.5-3.1ml of Add 90-110µl of silk fibroin antibody diluted to 1000 times with 1wt% bovine serum albumin dropwise to PBS 7.4 buffer while stirring slowly, leave at room temperature for 35-45min, centrifuge, take the precipitate and buffer with 600µl PBS 7.4 Resuspend in liquid and store at 1-5°C for later use; E) Dissolve 0.02-0.2g of cultural relic samples in 100ml of CB 9.6 buffer, mix and stir evenly, let stand, take 80-120µl of supernatant and add it to column a of the microtiter plate, and use the silk fibroin powder obtained in step B) with CB 9.6 buffer was prepared into a 100µg/ml silk fibroin solution, and 80-120µl was added to columns b and c of the microtiter plate. Column b was used as a positive control, and column c was used as a blank control, and 80-120µl of PBS 7.4 buffer was added. Go to column d of the ELISA plate as a negative control, incubate the ELISA plate in a microwave oven for 2-4 minutes, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer; F) Add 180-220µl of blocking solution to each well, incubate in a microwave oven for 2-4min, aspirate the liquid in the well, and wash with PBS 7.4 buffer; G) Take 80-120µl of the solution obtained in step D) and add it to columns a, b and d of the microtiter plate, add 80-120µl of blocking solution to column c, and incubate it in a microwave oven for 2-4min. Wash with PBS 7.4 buffer; H) Use a fluorescence microplate reader to measure the fluorescence value, take the OD mean value of the negative control + 3 SD as the cut-off value, if the fluorescence mean value of column a > the cut-off value of column d, then determine that the cultural relic sample contains mulberry silk. 2. A method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step B), the obtained solution is dialyzed in deionized water for 2-3 times using a cellulose dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 8,000-10,000. For 2-3 days, the water was changed every 5-7h, and the silk fibroin solution was vacuum freeze-dried for 2-3 days. 3 . The method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step C), the centrifugal speed is 8000-12000 rpm, and the centrifugal time is 8-12 min. 4 . 4. a kind of method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwave as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step E), CB 9.6 buffer solution preparation method is: take 1.5 g of sodium carbonate and 2.9 g of sodium bicarbonate and join in. Stir evenly in 800 mL of deionized water until it is completely dissolved, and then dilute to 1000 mL with a volumetric flask, and adjust the pH of the solution to 9.6. 5. a kind of method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwave as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in step D) and step E), the compound method of PBS 7.4 buffer solution is: take by weighing 0.2 g potassium chloride, 0.27 g potassium chloride g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 g sodium chloride and 1.42 g disodium hydrogen phosphate were added to 800 mL of deionized water and stirred uniformly until completely dissolved. 6 . The method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step F), the blocking solution is 1wt% bovine serum albumin. 7 . 7. A method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, in step E) step F) step G), wash 3-5 times with PBS 7.4 buffer, 2-4min each time . 8 . The method for detecting ancient silk fabrics based on microwaves as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in step H), when the fluorescence microplate reader detects fluorescence, the excitation wavelength is 360 nm, and the emission wavelength is 500 nm. 9 .