CN109193138B - Satellite-borne data transmission antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a satellite-borne data transmission antenna, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The device comprises a reflecting surface, a feed source, a circular waveguide, a circular polarizer and a feed source bracket; the reflecting surface comprises a honeycomb aluminum interlayer and front and rear carbon fiber skins, a connecting embedded part is arranged in the middle of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, and the front end of the circular waveguide is provided with pile teeth; the feed source is a shell structure with grooves and protrusions, and the grooves and the protrusions are arranged at intervals; the circular waveguide and the circular polarizer are fixedly connected with the reflecting surface through the connecting embedded part, and the feed source bracket is respectively connected with the feed source and the circular waveguide. The titanium alloy connection embedded part is arranged at the center of the reflecting surface of the antenna, the antenna reflecting surface, the base, the circular polarizer and the circular waveguide are connected into a whole by using the connection embedded part, so that the combination of an electric element and a structural functional part is realized, the assembly links are reduced, the electric loss is reduced, the problem that the weight and the self rigidity strength of the antenna are mutually restricted is solved, and the antenna is an important improvement to the prior art.

Description

Antenna for satellite data transmission

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a satellite-borne digital transmission antenna, which can be used for data transmission between satellites and satellites.

Background technique

With the development of the aerospace industry, the demand for spaceborne data transmission antennas is increasing. At the same time, spaceborne antennas have relatively strict requirements on their own electrical performance, structural form, material technology, weight size, and reliability. Space-borne antennas not only need to meet the requirements of weight and size indicators, but also adapt to the shock and vibration environment during the launch phase, and adapt to the tests of ionizing radiation, vacuum, high and low temperature cycles and other environments in space.

The existing spaceborne data transmission antennas often adopt different design ideas to meet the requirements of the space use environment. However, the following design difficulties still commonly exist in spaceborne antennas:

1. The mutual restriction between the weight of the antenna and the rigidity of its own structure;

2. The shielding of the feed beam by the feed support;

3. The positioning accuracy of the phase center of the feed source and the focus of the reflector.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the present invention proposes a spaceborne digital transmission antenna, which has the characteristics of simple structure, light weight, high rigidity and strength, and can enhance the electrical performance of the antenna.

Based on the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is:

A kind of space-borne digital transmission antenna, comprising a reflector, a feed source, a circular waveguide, a circular polarizer and a feed source bracket; the reflector comprises a honeycomb aluminum interlayer and front and rear carbon fiber skins arranged on both sides of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, The edge side of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is exposed, the middle of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is provided with a connection embedded part, the front end of the circular waveguide has stacking teeth; the feed source is a shell structure with grooves and protrusions, The groove on one side of the feed source just constitutes the protrusion on the other side of the feed source. On the side facing the reflective surface, the groove and protrusion include a conical protrusion at the center of the feed source and a conical protrusion concentric with the conical protrusion. Annular grooves and annular protrusions, the grooves and protrusions are arranged alternately; the circular waveguide and the circular polarizer are fixedly connected to the reflecting surface through the connection embedded parts, and the feed brackets are respectively connected to the The feed source is connected to the circular waveguide, and the phase center of the feed source coincides with the focus of the reflection surface.

Optionally, the feed source bracket includes a front fixing ring, a rear fixing ring, and a connecting edge for connecting the front fixing ring and the rear fixing ring, the outer wall of the circular waveguide has an annular boss, and the feed source bracket The rear fixing ring is sleeved on the circular waveguide and is fixedly connected to the annular boss by screws, and the front fixing ring of the feed source bracket is fixedly connected to the ring edge of the feed source by screws.

Optionally, riveted embedded parts are provided at the edge of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, and the front and rear carbon fiber skins are fixed on the front and back surfaces of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer by rivets passing through the riveted embedded parts.

Optionally, the embedded connection part has a ring structure, and there are screw holes on the disk surface of the embedded connection part, and a clamping plate for embedding in the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is provided on the outer wall of the embedded connection part , the rear end of the circular waveguide and the front end of the circular polarizer both have a connecting seat, the connecting seat has a screw hole, the circular waveguide passes through the central circular hole connecting the embedded part, the circular waveguide The connecting seat and the connecting seat of the circular polarizer are pressed sequentially from the rear on the disk surface of the connecting embedded part, and the circular waveguide, the circular polarizer and the connecting embedded part are connected by screws passing through the screw holes of the three. Fixed connection.

Optionally, both the embedded connection part and the feed source bracket are made of titanium alloy, and the surface of the circular waveguide has a conductive oxidation process layer.

As can be seen from the above narration, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

1. The present invention adopts the honeycomb aluminum interlayer as the main structure of the reflective surface, which has the characteristics of light weight and high rigidity; the edge side of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is exposed, which is beneficial to discharge the air in the interlayer in the space vacuum environment and prevent the air in the interlayer from swelling. Broken skin; in addition, honeycomb aluminum also has the characteristics of low thermal expansion coefficient, which can adapt to the high and low temperature alternating working environment in space and ensure the reflection accuracy of the reflective surface.

2. The front end of the circular waveguide in the present invention has stacking teeth, and the feed source is a shell structure with grooves and protrusions. By adjusting the height and gap of the stacking teeth, as well as the depth/height and gap of the grooves/protrusions, It can modulate the field intensity distribution and spatial energy distribution of electromagnetic waves, improve the distribution performance of electromagnetic waves on the main reflection surface, and enhance the antenna gain and cross-polarization electrical indicators.

3. Further, the present invention provides riveted embedded parts at the edge of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, and fixes the carbon fiber skin on the front and back of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer by rivets, which has the advantages of simple structure and firm fixation.

4. Furthermore, the feed bracket of the present invention includes two fixing rings and a connecting edge between the two fixing rings. This structure is light and transparent, which reduces the shielding of the feed beam by the feed bracket; in addition, the The feed source bracket can be manufactured in an integrated processing method, which can ensure the coaxiality of the front and rear fixing rings, and ensure the accurate positioning of the feed source phase center and the reflector focus, thereby further enhancing the electrical performance of the antenna.

In short, the present invention adopts a brand-new design idea, and the overall structure of the antenna is simple and reasonable, so that the antenna has the characteristics of light weight and high rigidity. At the same time, the titanium alloy feed bracket is used to reduce the shielding of the feed beam, which can ensure the accurate positioning of the feed phase center and the focus of the reflector, and enhance the electrical performance of the antenna. Practice shows that the electrical performance of this antenna is good, and its on-orbit performance is stable and reliable.

Description of drawings

In order to describe this patent more clearly, one or more drawings are provided below, and these drawings are intended to assist in explaining the background technology, technical principles and/or some specific implementations of this patent. It should be noted that these drawings may or may not provide some specific details that have been described in the text of this patent and belong to the common knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art; and, because those of ordinary skill in the art can fully combine The text content and/or drawing content of this patent have been disclosed, and more drawings are designed without any creative work, so the following drawings may or may not cover all the descriptions in the text part of this patent Technical solutions. In addition, the specific content of these drawings needs to be determined in combination with the text content of this patent. When the text content of this patent does not match an obvious structure in these drawings, it is necessary to combine common knowledge in the field and other parts of this patent. According to the description of the patent, it is judged comprehensively whether there is a clerical error in the text of the patent or a drawing error in the drawings. In particular, the following drawings are all exemplary pictures, and are not intended to imply the protection scope of this patent. Those of ordinary skill in the art can refer to the text and/or drawings disclosed in this patent without paying any In the case of creative labor, more drawings are designed, and the technical solutions represented by these new drawings are still within the scope of protection of this patent.

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of space-borne data transmission antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the feed source support in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the titanium alloy embedded part;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working beam transmitted by the spaceborne digital transmission antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.

The meanings of the symbols in the figure are: base 1, circular polarizer 2, titanium alloy embedded part 3, reflective surface 4, riveted embedded part 5, circular waveguide 6, stacking teeth 60, circular waveguide connection seat 61, titanium alloy Feed source bracket 7 , front fixing ring 71 , rear fixing ring 72 , connecting edge 73 , feed source 8 , groove and protrusion 80 , radio frequency connector 9 .

Detailed ways

In order to make it easier for those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this patent, and at the same time, in order to make the technical purpose, technical solution and beneficial effect of this patent clearer, and to fully support the protection scope of the claims, the following is a specific case in the form of this patent. The technical solution of the patent makes further and more detailed descriptions.

A kind of space-borne digital transmission antenna, comprising a reflector, a feed source, a circular waveguide, a circular polarizer and a feed source bracket; the reflector comprises a honeycomb aluminum interlayer and front and rear carbon fiber skins arranged on both sides of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, The edge side of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is exposed, the middle of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is provided with a connection embedded part, the front end of the circular waveguide has stacking teeth; the feed source is a shell structure with grooves and protrusions, The groove on one side of the feed source just constitutes the protrusion on the other side of the feed source. On the side facing the reflective surface, the groove and protrusion include a conical protrusion at the center of the feed source and a conical protrusion concentric with the conical protrusion. Annular grooves and annular protrusions, the grooves and protrusions are arranged alternately; the circular waveguide and the circular polarizer are fixedly connected to the reflecting surface through the connection embedded parts, and the feed brackets are respectively connected to the The feed source is connected to the circular waveguide, and the phase center of the feed source coincides with the focus of the reflection surface.

Optionally, the feed source bracket includes a front fixing ring, a rear fixing ring, and a connecting edge for connecting the front fixing ring and the rear fixing ring, the outer wall of the circular waveguide has an annular boss, and the feed source bracket The rear fixing ring is sleeved on the circular waveguide and is fixedly connected to the annular boss by screws, and the front fixing ring of the feed source bracket is fixedly connected to the ring edge of the feed source by screws.

The assembly notch can be set on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the feed source bracket, and the coaxiality of the feed source bracket can be ensured through an integral molding process, so as to ensure the accurate positioning of the feed source phase center and the focus of the reflective surface. Except for the necessary supporting structure, most of the area of this feed bracket is hollowed out, which reduces the shielding of the feed beam and can enhance the electrical performance of the antenna.

Optionally, riveted embedded parts are provided at the edge of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, and the front and rear carbon fiber skins are fixed on the front and back surfaces of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer by rivets passing through the riveted embedded parts.

Optionally, the embedded connection part has a ring structure, and there are screw holes on the disk surface of the embedded connection part, and a clamping plate for embedding in the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is provided on the outer wall of the embedded connection part . Specifically, in the process of making the reflective surface, the middle part of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is firstly hollowed out according to the shape and size of the connection embedded part, and then the connection embedded part is embedded in the middle part of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer at room temperature, and filled Colloid, bonding the carbon fiber skins on the front and back to form the overall structure of the reflective surface, and then put the overall structure of the reflective surface into a hot vacuum tank to complete high-temperature molding.

In addition, both the rear end of the circular waveguide and the front end of the circular polarizer have a connecting seat, and the connecting seat has a screw hole, and the circular waveguide passes through the central circular hole connecting the embedded part, and the circular waveguide The connecting seat of the circular polarizer and the connecting seat of the circular polarizer are sequentially pressed on the disk surface of the connecting embedded part from the rear. Screw secure connection.

Optionally, both the embedded connection part and the feed source bracket are made of titanium alloy, and the surface of the circular waveguide has a conductive oxidation process layer.

In addition, the satellite-borne digital transmission antenna can be connected to the satellite through the base, which is set on the back of the reflective surface, and can be fixedly connected with the connection embedded parts and the circular polarizer.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a satellite-borne data transmission antenna can work in the X frequency band. It includes a base 1 , a circular polarizer 2 , a reflective surface 4 and a feed source 8 . The pedestal is the transition piece between the antenna and the satellite body. The circular polarizer is used for left and right rotation polarization modulation of electromagnetic waves, and the end of the circular polarizer is provided with a radio frequency connector 9 for transmitting radio frequency signals of the antenna. The front end of the circular polarizer is connected to the reflective surface through a titanium alloy embedded part 3 . Titanium alloy embedded parts have the characteristics of light weight, high specific stiffness, high specific strength, and low thermal expansion coefficient, and can adapt to the working environment of alternating high and low temperature in space.

The antenna is equipped with a titanium alloy connecting embedded part at the center of the reflecting surface. Through reasonable configuration design, the connecting embedded part is used to connect the antenna reflecting surface with the base, circular polarizer and circular waveguide as a whole. , realizes the combination of electrical components and structural functional parts, reduces assembly links, reduces electrical loss, and solves the problem of mutual constraints between the weight of the antenna and its own stiffness and strength, which is an important improvement to the existing technology.

In addition, the reflective surface of this antenna is a carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure, and a riveted embedded part 5 is embedded at the edge of the reflective surface, which can connect the front and rear carbon fiber skins of the reflective surface and the aluminum honeycomb in the middle as a whole, enhancing Safety margin of carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure.

A circular waveguide 6 is arranged in the center of the reflective surface, and the surface of the circular waveguide is treated with a conductive oxidation process for transmission of X-band electromagnetic waves. The front end of the circular waveguide has a stacking tooth structure 60 , and the rear end has a connecting seat 61 . A feed source 8 is provided at the front of the circular waveguide. The feed source 8 has grooves and protrusions 80 for receiving electromagnetic beams transmitted by the circular waveguide, acting on the surface of the reflective surface, and then transmitting to the external space.

The front end of the circular waveguide is provided with a titanium alloy feed bracket 7 with a special configuration, and the titanium alloy feed bracket 7 is composed of a front fixing ring 71 , a rear fixing ring 72 and a connecting edge 73 . This titanium alloy feed bracket has a hollow structure, which greatly reduces the shielding of the feed beam, and at the same time, can ensure the accurate positioning of the phase center of the feed and the focus of the reflector.

The feed source of this antenna is a shell structure with grooves and protrusions. By adjusting the height and gap of the circular waveguide stacking teeth, as well as the depth/height and gap of the feed groove/protrusion, the field strength distribution and spatial energy distribution of electromagnetic waves can be modulated, and the distribution performance of electromagnetic waves on the main reflection surface can be improved. Antenna gain and cross-polarization electrical specifications.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the digital transmission antenna transmitting the working beam. After the circular polarizer performs polarization modulation on the electromagnetic beam signal, it transmits it to the surface of the feed source through the circular waveguide. After the antenna beam passes through the feed source and the reflector, it is emitted to the external space to realize the data transmission function.

The structure of the antenna is simple and stable, the electrical performance is good, and the on-orbit working performance is stable and reliable.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned descriptions of the specific implementation methods of this patent are only exemplary descriptions listed for the convenience of those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the patent solution, and do not imply that the protection scope of this patent is only limited to these examples. On the premise of fully understanding the technical solution of this patent, those skilled in the art can, in the form of not paying any creative work, combine technical features, replace some technical features, and add more technical features to each example listed in this patent. Technical features and other ways to get more specific implementations, all of these specific implementations are within the scope of the patent claims, therefore, these new specific implementations should also be within the protection scope of this patent .

In addition, for the purpose of simplifying the description, this patent may not enumerate some common specific implementation schemes. These schemes can be naturally imagined by those of ordinary skill in the art after understanding the technical scheme of this patent. Obviously, these schemes should also include within the protection scope of this patent.

For the purpose of simplifying the description, the degree of disclosure of the technical details of the above specific embodiments may only reach the level that those skilled in the art can decide on their own, that is, for the technical details not disclosed in the above specific embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art Without any creative effort, it can be completed with the help of textbooks, reference books, papers, patents, audio-visual products and other published documents under the full reminder of the patented technical solution, or these details are in the field. Under the common understanding of ordinary technical personnel, they can make their own decisions according to the actual situation. It can be seen that even if these technical details are not disclosed, it will not affect the adequacy of the disclosure of the technical solution of this patent.

In short, any specific implementation that falls within the scope of the claims of the patent falls within the protection scope of the patent on the basis of combining the interpretation of the patent specification to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (3)

1. A space-borne digital transmission antenna, comprising a reflector, a feed source, a circular waveguide, a circular polarizer and a feed source support; it is characterized in that the reflector comprises a honeycomb aluminum interlayer and is located at the front of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer two sides , the rear carbon fiber skin, the edge side of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is exposed, the middle of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is provided with a connection embedded part, the front end of the circular waveguide has stacking teeth; the feed source has grooves and convex The raised shell structure, the groove on one side of the feed source just constitutes the protrusion on the other side of the feed source, and on the side facing the reflective surface, the groove and protrusion include a conical protrusion located in the center of the feed source and a Concentric annular grooves and annular protrusions with tapered protrusions, the grooves and protrusions are arranged alternately; the circular waveguide and circular polarizer are fixedly connected to the reflective surface through the connection embedded parts, so The feed source support is respectively connected with the feed source and the circular waveguide, and the phase center of the feed source coincides with the focus of the reflecting surface; The feed source bracket includes a front fixing ring, a rear fixing ring, and a connecting edge for connecting the front fixing ring and the rear fixing ring. The outer wall of the circular waveguide has an annular boss, and the rear fixing ring of the feed source bracket is covered On the circular waveguide, and fixedly connected to the annular boss by screws, the front fixing ring of the feed source bracket is fixedly connected to the annular edge of the feed source by screws; The edge of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer is provided with riveted embedded parts, and the front and rear carbon fiber skins are fixed on the front and back surfaces of the honeycomb aluminum interlayer by rivets passing through the riveted embedded parts. 2. The satellite-borne digital transmission antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, the embedded connection part is a ring structure, the disk surface of the embedded connection part has screw holes, and the outer side of the embedded connection part There is a clamping plate on the wall for embedding in the honeycomb aluminum interlayer, the rear end of the circular waveguide and the front end of the circular polarizer both have connection seats, and the connection seats have screw holes, and the circular waveguide is connected from the The central circular hole of the embedded part passes through, and the connecting seat of the circular waveguide and the connecting seat of the circular polarizer are pressed on the disk surface of the connecting embedded part sequentially from the rear, and the circular waveguide, circular polarizer The connection with the embedded parts is fixed by screws passing through the screw holes of the three. 3. The satellite-borne digital transmission antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, both the embedded connection part and the feed source bracket are made of titanium alloy, and the surface of the circular waveguide has a conductive oxidation process layer.