CN109488517B - Floating body rope pulley wave energy collection system - Google Patents

Abstract

And the floating body rope pulley wave energy acquisition system. The invention relates to a wave energy collection system, one end of a main rope/chain is tied on an anchor, the other end of the main rope/chain passes through a rope guide at the bottom of a floating body and then is led to a main winding drum/friction wheel group/chain wheel, and the other end of the main rope/chain downwards passes through another rope guide at the bottom of the floating body and then downwards extends to be connected with a counterweight. The floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system can improve the rope collecting tension and avoid the problem of effective acting stroke loss caused by the bending deformation of the original rope.

Description

Floating body rope pulley wave energy harvesting system

Technical field

The invention relates to a wave energy collection system and belongs to the field of wave power generation.

Background technique

So far, none of the Wave Energy Converters (WEC for short) has been commercialized. The problems are high cost, low efficiency, and poor ability to withstand disasters and waves. US20130200626 and CN 103423074 A are the closest technologies.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a floating rope pulley wave energy collection system, which uses a counterweight or a pulley to collect the rope, and has a better ability to prevent the energy harvesting cable from bending and deforming, thereby having higher collection efficiency.

Technical solution of the present invention:

A floating body sheave wave energy collection system (referred to as floating body sheave WEC), including a floating body, a gravity anchor, a linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, a main shaft, a counterweight/tension spring; the floating body floats on the sea, and the gravity anchor is below the floating body Underwater; there are three types of linear rotation conversion transmission mechanisms: main drum + main rope + auxiliary drum + auxiliary rope, or friction wheel + rope, or roller sprocket + roller chain;

For the drum + main rope type + auxiliary drum + auxiliary cable, the structure of the floating body sheave wave energy collection system is: one end of the main rope is tied to the gravity anchor, and the other end passes upward through the guide installed at the bottom of the floating body. The cable puller/double roller chock continues to extend upward, and is finally wound and fixed on the main drum at the end. The main shaft of the main drum is installed on the floating body through bearings and bearing seats. The main drum and the auxiliary drum are connected through the main shaft shaft. Or through gear/chain transmission mechanism linkage, the auxiliary drum is fixed and wrapped with an auxiliary rope, and the other end of the auxiliary rope extends downward and is tied to a counterweight; the tension of the auxiliary rope is opposite to that of the main rope. The torque generated by the main shaft is opposite; the main drum outputs rotational power through its shaft;

For the friction wheel + rope type, the structure of the floating rope wheel wave energy collection system is: one end of a rope is tied to the gravity anchor, and the other end extends upward through the fairlead/double roller fairlead installed at the bottom of the floating body. , extending downward after bypassing the friction wheel, and then tied to a counterweight; the friction wheel is a wheel with grooves on the car, and the friction coefficient of the groove surface is large; the friction wheel outputs rotational power outward through the main shaft, and the main shaft passes through the bearing and bearing The seat is installed on the floating body; the friction wheel + rope can also be replaced by a ring sprocket + chain;

For the roller sprocket + roller chain type, the structure of the floating body sheave wave energy collection system is: the floating body is a semi-closed shell with only bottom openings, an upright straight pipe, the upper port of the straight pipe is connected to the bottom of the floating body The openings are butt-joined and then sealed and welded. A fairlead/double-roller chock is installed at the bottom opening of the straight pipe. There is a rolling chain in the straight pipe, one end of which is tied to one end of a rope, and the other end of the rope faces After passing through the fairlead/double roller fairlead, it is tied to the gravity anchor below. The other end of the rolling chain goes upwards around a sprocket, and then extends downward to connect to a counterweight. The counterweight The weight is in the straight pipe and has a certain gap with the inner wall of the straight pipe. The counterweight is provided with a vertical through hole. The rope passes through the vertical through hole. The sprocket outputs rotational power outward through the main shaft. The main shaft is installed on the floating body through bearings and bearing seats, and the straight pipe can also be regarded as part of the floating body;

For the above three floating body rope pulley wave energy harvesting systems, the counterweight can also be replaced by a tension spring, that is, the auxiliary cable/rope/roller chain is tied to one end of the tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed on the floating body;

The section of rope/link chain/roller chain between the main rope, gravity anchor and friction wheel/ring sprocket/roller sprocket is collectively called the energy harvesting rope, while the auxiliary rope, counterweight and friction wheel/ring sprocket The rope/ring chain/roller chain in the section between the roller sprockets is collectively called the reset rope.

The above is the core system of the floating rope pulley wave energy collection system.

For the core system that uses a counterweight to collect the rope, it is preferred that the counterweight is connected to the reset cable through a second tension spring, that is, one end of the second tension spring is connected to the counterweight, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected to the reset cable;

Preferably: the spiral wire of the second tension spring is coated with a rubber tube;

Preferably: the second tension spring is connected in parallel with a rope, that is, one end of the second tension spring is connected to one end of the rope, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected to the other end of the rope. The length of the rope is equal to that of the second tension spring. length when stretched to maximum.

For the core system, it is preferred to also include a hard straight pipe, through which the energy harvesting cable passes; the top of the hard straight pipe is connected to the bottom hole of the floating body through a rubber pipe, that is, the top port of the hard straight pipe is connected to one end of the rubber pipe, and the rubber pipe The other port of the hard straight tube is connected to the bottom hole of the floating body; or, the top of the hard straight tube is connected to the bottom of the floating body through a rope, that is, the left and right sides of the upper port of the hard straight tube are respectively connected to one end of two ropes, the two ropes are separated, and the two ropes are separated. The other end of the rope is connected to the bottom of the floating body; a distance should be left between the bottom of the hard straight pipe and the anchor base;

Preferably: the main rope/rope/chain passes through the fairlead/double roller chock installed at the bottom opening of the hard straight pipe; a double roller chock/linear ball can also be installed somewhere in the hard straight pipe bearings;

The hard straight pipe can also be replaced by a telescopic multi-stage sleeve. The main rope/rope/chain passes through the telescopic multi-stage sleeve. The top of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body through a rubber tube, that is: telescopic multi-stage The top end of the sleeve is connected to one end of the rubber tube, and the other end of the rubber tube is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body. The telescopic multi-stage sleeve can also be connected to the bottom surface of the floating body through a rope, that is, the left and right sides of the upper port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve are connected respectively. One end of the two ropes is separated, and the other end of the two ropes is connected to the bottom of the floating body; the bottom port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve can also be connected in the same way, that is, butt-jointed through a rubber tube or connected to the bottom of the floating body through a rope. On the gravity anchor;

Preferably, for the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, the energy collecting cable passes through the fairleads/double roller fairleads installed at the entrances at the top and bottom ends of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve. For the core system, it is preferred to also include a device for removing attachments on the surface of the floating body. The specific structure is as follows: the floating body is in the shape of a rotary body, and a rotating bearing is coaxial with the floating body. Its inner ring is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body, and its outer ring is Consolidate a scraper, which is elongated in shape, extends close to the outer surface of the float, and maintains a certain gap with the outer surface of the float;

Preferably: the scraper only extends within the semi-cylindrical surface;

Preferably: if the scraper strip has a small upward projection area on its rotational circumference, it can be consolidated with a wave receiving plate with a large upward projection area on one circumference;

Preferably: the device for removing attachments can also be: the floating body is in the shape of a rotary body, an inner ring of a rotating bearing coaxial with the floating body is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to a crankshaft, and the crankshaft is The shape is elongated, close to the outer surface of the float, within the one-axis section of the float, and only extends on one side of the axis; a roller brush is set on the straight section of the crankshaft, and the roller brush can rotate freely on the crankshaft. And close to the outer surface of the float;

Preferably: a wave-receiving plate is fixed on the crankshaft, and the wave-receiving plate has a large projected area in the circumferential direction.

For the core system, it is preferred that it also includes a device for removing marine attachments from the main cable/rope/chain. The specific structure is: a tubular sliding tube, which is placed on the main rope/rope/chain. The specific gravity of the sliding tube is greater than that of water. , the outer edge of the upper end surface of the sliding drum is connected to a string, which extends upward obliquely to one side, and its other end is fixed on the floating body, or the other end of the string is fixed and wound around the drum of a micro winch. On the machine, the micro winch is fixed on the floating body, and the motor of the micro winch is controlled by the microcontroller/PLC;

Preferred: Install fairlead/double roller fairlead/bristle in the sliding barrel;

For the core system, it is preferred that the friction wheels can be 2 to form a friction wheel set, that is, the friction wheel is connected with the gear shaft, and the friction wheel, gear, shaft and its bearing seat constitute a friction wheel gear unit, and the shaft passes through The bearings and bearing seats are installed on the floating body frame. Two identical friction wheel gear units are installed on the frame with their axes parallel, in the same direction, end faces aligned and close to each other. The gears of the two friction wheel gear units mesh, but each The size of the friction wheel is smaller than the gear, so the friction wheels do not interfere with each other; the shaft of one unit of the friction wheel group outputs power, and the rope meanders around the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit in turn. The so-called meandering means , the direction in which the rope goes around the first friction wheel is opposite to the direction in which it winds around the second friction wheel;

Preferred: Add one to several identical friction gear units in sequence, all installed according to the above rules. The gears of each friction gear unit only mesh with the gears of the previous friction gear unit, and a rope snakes around each friction gear unit in the order of meshing. There are friction wheels of two friction gear units, and the entire friction wheel set still has only one shaft output power of the friction gear unit;

For the core system, preferably, the rope paired with the friction wheel can be like this: a rope is tied with a single knot every other length, and a string of knotted ropes is coated with polyurethane elastomer/rubber.

For the core system, it is preferred that when multiple such wave energy harvesting systems work together, the casing of the generator driven by the WEC is coated with an insulating layer to insulate the floating body, and the generator casing is connected to the bus on one side with a wire. , the generator shaft receives external drive through couplings insulated from each other on both sides. The generator can be DC or AC, specifically:

If the generator is a DC generator, then it is connected in parallel with a power diode. The P pole of the diode is connected to the negative pole of the generator. A parallel branch composed of DC generators and diodes of multiple wave energy collection systems is connected in series on the bus in the same direction. superior;

If the generator is an alternator, its output end is connected to a rectifier bridge. The output ends of the rectifier bridges of the alternator of multiple wave energy collection systems are connected in series on the bus in the same direction;

Preferably: the +- output terminal of the rectifier bridge can be connected in parallel with a filter capacitor.

For the core system, it is preferred: for the floating body sheave WEC with counterweighted rope retraction and non-roller chain linear rotation conversion mechanism, another fairlead/double roller fairlead is installed on the floating body, and the reset cable is passed from the guide pass through the cable puller/double roller chock;

In addition, it also includes an anti-double rope entanglement mechanism, which has the following structures:

1. Submarine side-pull type: One end of a cable is connected to the counterweight, the other end extends downward to one side, then bypasses a pulley and then extends upward, and finally connects to an underwater float, and the pulley frame of the pulley passes through The rope is connected to another anchor base; or the counterweight is omitted, that is, the reset rope coming down from the floating body is directly connected to one end of a cable, and the other end of the cable extends downward to one side, and then goes around a pulley, and finally Connect an underwater float, and the pulley frame of the pulley is connected to another anchor base through a rope;

2. Single catenary side-pull type: One end of a catenary chain is tied to the counterweight, the other end extends downward to one side, and finally connected to a ground anchor. The catenary chain can also be replaced with a section of cable. The cable A weight block is tied in the middle;

3. Side-pull type at the side buoy: Add a buoy at a certain distance around the buoy. The buoy and the buoy are anchored somewhere by the mooring system. One end of a cable is tied to the counterweight, and the other end is Extend to the bottom of the buoy, bypass a pulley and then extend downward, and finally connect to a weight. The pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the bottom of the buoy through a rope;

The above-mentioned counterweight can also be omitted, and the reset cable can be directly connected to the cable, and the weight can be used as a counterweight for retracting the rope;

It can also be: the fairlead/double-roller chock through which the reset cable drawn from the floating body passes is installed on the side of the floating body, and the reset cable extends horizontally after passing through the fairlead/double-roller chock. After a certain distance at sea, it passes through the fairlead/double roller fairlead on the side of the buoy, then bypasses the guide roller installed on the buoy and extends downward, and then passes through the fairlead/double roller fairlead on the bottom of the buoy. Double roller chock, then continue to extend downward, and finally tied to the counterweight; optionally: in the multiple anchor chains/anchor cables anchoring the buoy/buoy, the direction of the reset cable can be omitted The anchor chain/anchor cable; that is, the reset cable can also be used as an anchor cable to play a mooring role in the floating body/buoy;

4. Side-pull type at the anchor chain: The floating body is anchored somewhere by a multi-point mooring system. The counterweight connected to the reset cable is connected to one end of a cable. The other end of the cable extends diagonally downward to one side. Near the middle of a certain anchor chain of the mooring system, a weight is connected downward after bypassing a pulley. The pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the middle of the anchor chain through a rope; the counterweight can also be omitted. , so that the reset cable is directly connected to one end of the cable, so that the weight can be used as a counterweight for retracting the rope;

Preferred: For the above four anti-tangle mechanisms that use weights to pull the counterweight sideways, the cable/catenary that pulls the counterweight sideways may not be directly connected to the counterweight but connected through a hard straight rod, that is, the cable/catenary and the hard straight rod. One end is connected, and the other end of the rigid straight rod is movablely connected with the counterweight;

5. Double suspension chain stopper type: An anchor chain is attached to each side of the counterweight connected to the reset cable. The two anchor chains are forked downwards on both sides, and the other end of each anchor chain is connected to a gravity anchor. /Ground anchor; the anchor chain can also be replaced by an anchor cable, but a weight block should be tied in the middle of the anchor cable; the counterweight can also be omitted, so that the reset cable is directly connected to the two anchor chains/anchor cables to form an inverted Y-shaped structure;

Preferred: The lower half of the energy harvesting cable can be replaced with a hard straight rod, and the bottom end of the hard straight rod is connected to the gravity anchor through a pair of interlocking lock rings;

6. Double rope guide type: The floating body has two identical sets of coaxial main drums/friction wheels/ring sprockets spaced at a certain axial distance and matching energy harvesting ropes. The two energy harvesting ropes pass through their respective After the fairlead/double roller fairlead, continue to extend downward, then pass through two vertical holes provided at a certain distance apart on the counterweight, and finally connect to the gravity anchor;

Preferably, a fairlead/double roller chock is provided at the upper and lower entrances of the vertical hole of the counterweight, and the mining cable passes through the fairlead/double roller chock;

For six, the double-rope-guided anti-tangle mechanism is preferred: it also includes a tension mechanism, with 3 designs:

Design 1: Use the pulley method, that is, the two energy-harvesting cables extending downward from the buoyant body that were originally connected to the gravity anchor are combined into one near the top of the gravity anchor and bypassed a pulley. The pulley frame of the pulley is then Connect the gravity anchor via a rope;

Design 2: The floating body is composed of a second floating body and an equipment cabin. The second floating body is on the water surface, and the equipment cabin is below it. The equipment cabin is a semi-enclosed shell with only an opening on the bottom surface. The main shaft, drum/friction The wheels/ring sprockets/roller sprockets, bearings, and bearing seats are all installed in the equipment cabin, and the fairlead/double roller fairlead is installed at the opening on the bottom of the equipment cabin;

The connection between the second floating body and the equipment cabin adopts a U-shaped ring method. The left outer wall of the equipment cabin shell is fixed to one end of a cylinder, and the right outer wall is also fixed to one end of another cylinder. The two cylinders are coaxial. The two cylinders are respectively inserted into the two holes of a U-shaped ring, and the outside of the middle section of the U-shaped ring is connected to the bottom end of the second floating body; the axis of the cylinder is connected to the fairlead/double roller guide through which the two energy-harvesting cables pass. The position of the cable clamp is vertical and coincides with the midpoint of the connection;

Design 3: For the lower part of the floating sheave wave energy harvesting system, the two energy harvesting cables are not connected to the gravity anchor first, but are instead connected to both ends of a hard straight rod. The hard straight rod is then connected to the gravity anchor through a Y-shaped rope. , that is: the two top ends of the Y-shaped rope are connected to the two ends of the hard straight rod, and the bottom end of the Y-shaped rope is connected to the gravity anchor;

For the upper part of the floating body sheave WEC, the floating body is a second floating body suspended equipment cabin structure, and the connection between the second floating body and the equipment cabin adopts a U-shaped ring/single rope/Y-shaped rope connection method; the U-shaped ring connection is Design 2 The connection method, single rope connection is: one end of a cable is connected to the bottom surface of the second floating body, and the other end is connected to the tie point on the top surface of the equipment cabin, and the tie point should be on the center line of the two energy harvesting cables (pull the equipment upwards The two energy-harvesting cables are straightened in the cabin. At this time, the two nearly parallel energy-harvesting cables can determine a plane. There is a straight line in the plane that is parallel and equidistant from the two energy-harvesting cables, which is the center line) and the equipment cabin. At the intersection point of the top surface; the Y-shaped rope connection method is: the plane where the Y-shaped rope is located must first be parallel to the two straightened energy-harvesting cables, and then place the center point of the Y-shaped rope on the extension line of the center line. Then the two top ends of the Y-shaped rope are connected to the top surface of the equipment cabin; preferably: the plane of the Y-shaped rope coincides with the plane of the two energy-harvesting cables;

7. Anchor-wearing type. A hanging anchor refers to a gravity anchor suspended in the water; there are two types. The first type: the two sides of the gravity anchor are connected to one end of the two ropes that suspend it and are separated upwards. connection, the other ends of the two ropes are respectively connected to two floats spaced a certain distance apart on the sea surface, and the two floats are anchored; the gravity anchor is provided with a vertical through hole, and the reset cable passes through the vertical hole. After that, continue downward and finally connect the counterweight;

The second type: a cable is passed around a grooved pulley, the top end of the gravity anchor is fixed to the pulley frame of the pulley, and the two ends of the cable are connected to two floats separated by a certain distance on the sea surface. , two floats are anchored, the gravity anchor is provided with a vertical through hole, and the reset cable continues to extend downward after passing through the through hole to connect the counterweight;

For the two anchor-type anti-entanglement mechanisms, it is preferred that fairleads/double-roller chocks are installed at the upper and lower entrances of the through-holes on the gravity anchor, and the reset cable passes from the chocks/double-rollers. pass through the chock;

For the core system, it is preferred that: it also includes an overrunning clutch, a back-stop ratchet mechanism, a differential/planetary gear, and an energy storage and load-adjusting device; the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism is connected to one end of the overrunning clutch by a shaft or through a gear/chain The other end of the overrunning clutch is shaft-coupled with the ratchet of the anti-return ratchet mechanism. The anti-return pawl is installed on the frame. The ratchet is shaft-coupled with the first power end of the differential/planetary gear. The differential The second power end of the differential/planetary gear drives the generator, and the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-connected with the rotating component of the input power of the energy storage and load regulation device; there are three types of energy storage and load regulation devices:

The first type of energy storage load regulation device is hydraulic type, including hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange device and pressure regulating device;

There are two types of hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange devices. One is using a hydraulic cylinder, that is: an extended piston rod of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, and the extended excess section is made into a rack, which meshes with the gear. The third power end shaft coupling of the differential/planetary gear mentioned above, the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the frame, and its inlet and outlet are connected to the accumulator through the oil pipe;

The above-mentioned rack and pinion transmission mechanism can also be replaced by a sprocket chain transmission mechanism, that is: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-coupled with the roller sprocket, and one end of the roller chain meshing with it is connected to a single-acting hydraulic cylinder The piston rod is connected, the other end of the roller chain is tied to a weight/tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is tied to the frame; the oil inlet and outlet of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the accumulator through the oil pipe;

Preferably, the weight is in a vertical sliding tube and maintains a gap with its inner wall, and the sliding tube is fixed on the frame;

Similarly, the rack and pinion transmission mechanism can also be replaced by a drum rope transmission mechanism, that is: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-coupled with the drum, one end of a cable is fixed and wound on the drum, and the other end of the cable It is connected to the piston rod of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder; the oil inlet and outlet of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the accumulator through an oil pipe;

The second type of hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange device uses a positive displacement pump and motor, that is: the positive displacement pump and motor are coupled with the third power end of the differential/planetary gear; an inlet and outlet of the positive displacement pump and motor is connected through an oil pipe. The oil tank, the other oil inlet and outlet of the displacement pump and motor are connected to the accumulator through the oil pipe;

The above two hydraulic & mechanical energy conversion devices can have three structures of supporting pressure regulating devices:

The first type is: the air bag of the accumulator is connected to the outlet of an electric valve flow-distribution air pump through the trachea, and the inlet of the valve flow-distribution air pump is connected to the atmosphere, and then crosses between the valve flow-distribution air pump and the air bag. A tracheal branch is branched, and the tracheal branch is connected to the atmosphere through a solenoid valve. The MCU obtains pressure information based on the pressure sensor on the trachea connected to the air bag, and controls the start and stop of the valve flow-matching air pump and the on and off of the solenoid valve. ;The valve-matched hydraulic pump can also be replaced by a series branch of an end-flow hydraulic pump and a one-way valve. The direction of the one-way valve is facing the side of the air bag;

The second type is: the air bag of the accumulator is connected to the air pipe, which is connected to an electric end face distribution plunger pump through a pressure sensor and a solenoid valve, and the other inlet and outlet of the end face distribution plunger pump is connected to the atmosphere; MCU reads Get the information from the pressure sensor to control the start and stop of the end face distribution plunger pump and the on and off of the solenoid valve;

Type 3: There are multiple accumulators in the hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange device and the air bag pressures are different; the oil pipe drawn from the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/volume pump & motor inlet and outlet (high pressure side) is bifurcated into multiple branches Each branch passes through a solenoid valve and is connected to an accumulator. The accumulator air bags on each branch have different pressures. The single-chip microcomputer/PLC can control the on/off control of the solenoid valves on each branch;

Preferably, the oil pipe leading out of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/displacement pump and motor inlet and outlet (high pressure side) has a pressure sensor, and the MCU/PLC switches and controls the solenoid valves on each branch according to the pressure sensor;

The second type of energy storage and load regulation device is pneumatic, that is, the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-coupled with the roller sprocket, and one end of the roller chain meshed with the roller sprocket is connected to the piston of the first cylinder. The first cylinder is a single-acting cylinder; the other end of the roller chain is tied to a weight/tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is tied to the frame; the first cylinder is fixed to the frame, and the first cylinder The air inlet and outlet holes are connected to the load adjustment device at the back through the air pipe. There are two types of load adjustment devices, cylinder type and air pump type;

Cylinder type: The air pipe from the first cylinder passes through a solenoid valve and then connects to a second cylinder. The second cylinder is a single-acting cylinder. The piston rod of the single-acting cylinder is lengthened, and the extended part is made into a rack. The gear meshing with the rack is axially coupled with the rotor of the servo motor controlled by the PLC. The PLC controls based on the motor status fed back by the position module of the servo motor or the signal of the pressure sensor on the air pipe led through the first cylinder. The rotation of the servo motor and the on and off of the solenoid valve;

Air pump type: One inlet and outlet of the air pump with flow distribution at one end is connected to the atmosphere, and the other air inlet is connected to an air pipe. The air pipe is connected to the single-acting cylinder through a solenoid valve, and the air pump is connected to the rotor shaft of the servo motor; the PLC is connected according to the single-acting cylinder. Use the signal from the pressure sensor on the air pipe leading from the cylinder to control the rotation of the servo motor and the on and off of the solenoid valve;

Likewise, the above-mentioned sprocket chain mechanism can also be replaced by a drum cable mechanism/rack and pinion mechanism.

The third energy storage and load regulating device is a spring type, that is, the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is axially connected to the drum, one end of a cable is fixed and wound on the drum, and the other end of the cable is connected to a drum. One end of the tension spring is connected, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to one end of the webbing. The other end of the webbing is fixed and wound on a hoist drum. The motor of the hoist is connected to its drum shaft through a torque sensor. The microcontroller/PLC reads the According to the data of the torque sensor, the winch can be controlled in forward, reverse and braking modes.

For the above three energy storage load regulation mechanisms:

Preferably: a torque limiter is inserted between the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism and the overrunning clutch, that is, the main shaft of the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism is axially connected to one end of the torque limiter, and the other end of the torque limiter is axially connected to one end of the overrunning clutch. ;

Preferably: the MCU/PLC of the energy storage load regulation device can receive external control commands through an external antenna;

Preferably: For an energy storage load regulation device containing a cylinder/hydraulic cylinder, a position sensor that monitors the piston position is installed on the cylinder/hydraulic cylinder, and the position sensor sends a signal to the MCU or PLC.

The invention has the following advantages:

1) The reset cable in the floating sheave wave energy harvesting system of the present invention is connected to the counterweight through a spring, which can increase the tension of the energy harvesting cable at the wave trough, increase the reset amount, and reduce the loss of wave height utilization caused by the flexible bending of the energy harvesting cable. The tension on the reset cable is reduced at the wave crest, allowing more buoyancy of the floating body to be used to do work.

2) The hard straight pipe/multi-stage telescopic sleeve in the present invention can prevent the energy-harvesting cable from bending under the impact of sea water (if it is bent too much, part of the wave height will be used to straighten the energy-harvesting cable when the floating body floats up), thus Avoid wave height work loss.

3) The "scraper/pressure roller removal of marine attachments" scheme in the present invention uses the torque force generated by the impact of seawater to remove marine attachments attached to the surface of the floating body, eliminating the need for manpower to remove attachments.

4) The "sliding cylinder removes attachments on the rope" scheme uses the energy-harvesting rope to move relative to the sliding cylinder to remove attachments, saving labor costs.

5) The linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism of "friction wheel set + rope" in the present invention can eliminate the need for the rope to be wound repeatedly like a drum, reducing the volume, and at the same time eliminating part of the speed-increasing mechanism, reducing the cost.

6) The motor insulation series solution can solve the energy collection problem of wave power generation at a low cost and also improves safety and reliability.

7) Various anti-double rope entanglement mechanisms in the present invention can effectively prevent two ropes from being entangled with each other;

8) The energy storage load regulation system in the present invention can convert unstable wave power into stable power required for generator rotation, and at the same time adjust the working load.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: WEC structure diagram of dual main rope self-guiding anti-tangle mechanism + drum mechanism + spring counterweight

Figure 1A: Structural diagram of the equipment cabin suspended by the second floating body through the U-shaped ring

Figure 1B: Pulley-balanced double-energy-harvesting cable tension structure diagram Figure 2: Chain mechanism + spring vibrator WEC structure diagram

Figure 3: Front view of WEC with friction wheel set + multi-rope guide + Y-shaped connection

Figure 4: WEC side view of friction wheel set + single catenary anti-wrapping mechanism + spring counterweight + hard straight tube

Figure 4A: Structural diagram of the rubber tube of the extension spring jacket Figure 4B: Structural diagram of the external sheath of the knotted rope

Figure 5: Schematic diagram of double catenary anti-tangle mechanism Figure 6: Schematic diagram of multi-stage telescopic sleeve structure

Figure 7: Structural diagram of scraper-type device for removing marine debris Figure 7A: Partial enlargement of A in Figure 7

Figure 7B: Bottom view of Figure 7 Figure 8: Structural diagram of roller, winch & slide device for removing marine debris

Figure 9: Electrical schematic diagram of multiple WEC generators in series Figure 10: Top view of the side-marked side pull reset cable for short

Figure 11: Structural diagram of the side-pull reset cable of the anchor chain pulley + the side-pull counterweight of the side buoy suspension pulley

Figure 12: Structural diagram of energy storage and load regulation system (cylinder energy storage, cylinder pressure regulation)

Figure 13: Structural diagram of energy storage load regulation system (pump & motor + accumulator, solenoid valve + pump pressure regulation)

Figure 14: Structural diagram of energy storage and load regulation system (tension spring energy storage, winch adjustment)

Figure 15: Structural diagram of energy storage load regulation system (hydraulic cylinder + accumulator, pump & motor pressure regulation)

Figure 16: Structural diagram of energy storage load regulation system (hydraulic cylinder + multiple accumulators + multiple solenoid valves)

1-overrunning clutch; 2-backstop pawl; 3-side gear of differential; 4-differential rotating case; 5-compression spring; 6-cantilever: one end is fixed on the outer wall of the floating body and the other end is toward the outside of the floating body Protruding components; 7-Equipment cabin: a semi-enclosed shell with only bottom openings, and various equipment components are installed in the cavity; 8-Guide column: a column used as a guide rail; 9-Ratchet; 10-Ring gear; 11-Volume cylinder; 12-single-acting hydraulic cylinder; 13-accumulator; 14-air pipe; 15-spring; 16-main rope; 17-electric valve distribution piston pump: valve distribution piston pump driven by motor; 18-No. Two tension springs; 19-torque limiter; 20-hard straight rod: hard straight long rod, preferably made of steel; 21-floating body; 22-tension spring; 23-speed increaser; 24-generator; 25-main Reel; 26-energy harvesting rope; 27-spindle; 28-gravity anchor; 29-piston rod; 30-volume pump & motor: can be used as both pump and motor, end face flow distribution or shaft flow distribution; 31-gear and rack Mechanism; 32-rope; 33-oil pipe; 34-open fuel tank; 35-controlled hoist; 36-first cylinder: single-acting cylinder; 37-webbing; 38-gear; 39-servo motor; 40-anchor cable; 41-rope; 42-solenoid valve: electromagnetic control switch valve, electromagnetic reversing valve can also achieve the same effect; 43-antenna; 44-pressure sensor; 45-reset cable; 46-chain transmission; 47-position sensor; 48-Electric end-distribution piston pump: end-distribution piston pump driven by a motor; 49-pulley frame; 50-ring sprocket; 51-counterweight; 52-torque sensor; 53-friction pulley: similar to a pulley, the difference is that it is concave The groove is not a trapezoid but a semicircular groove, and the friction coefficient of the groove surface material is large; 54-auxiliary drum; 55-rubber/polyurethane; 56-bearing; 57-fairlead; 58-knot; 59-submersible mark : Underwater floating body; 60-pulley; 61-auxiliary rope; 62-insulated coupling: both ends of the coupling are insulated from each other; 63-insulating layer; 64-roller sprocket; 65-weight: specific gravity is greater than For water, you can use cement blocks/iron blocks/lead blocks; 66-straight pipe: a straight tube, which can be a square tube, hexagonal/octagonal shape, etc., not necessarily a cylinder; 67-Y-shaped rope; 68-double Roller chock: similar to the double roller chock on the ship, the difference is that the two grooved roller rims are installed closely together, and the two grooved rollers will be sandwiched in the gap by the guide, making them Cannot be detached in all directions; 69-cable; 70-grip anchor; 71-rubber or polyurea sheath; 72-ring chain; 73-chain ring; 74-U-shaped ring: the shape is the same as that of the one without the pin The U-shaped ring used for heavy lifting is the same, with coaxial holes at both ends; 75-directional casters; 76-roller chain; 77-pressure sprocket: guide and press the chain into the sprocket to prevent it from falling off; 78-telescopic Multi-stage sleeve: similar to a telescopic fishing rod or multi-stage hydraulic cylinder structure, multiple sleeves are retractable; 79-Linear ball bearings: can be replaced by linear sliding bearings; 80-The winch's own reel; 81- Flange; 82-rubber bellows: plays a movable connection role; 83-scraper: a long hard object extending from the surface of the floating body, used to scrape off attachments on the surface of the floating body; 84-wave receiving plate: consolidated with the scraping blade The plates together have a large projected area in the circumferential direction of rotation; 85-the third tension spring; 86-roller brush: similar to the roller brush used for painting; 87-crankshaft: the shaft extending from the surface of the floating body, on the shaft Each straight section can be equipped with a roller brush with the same structure as the roller brush; 88-thin rope; 89-sleeve: a tube on the rope, used to remove attached marine organisms; 90-anchor chain; 91-buoy ; 92-Linear rotation conversion mechanism; 93-Second floating body; 94-Cylinder; 95-Hard straight tube; 96-Second cylinder: a single-acting cylinder for pressure regulation; 97-Air bag;

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Section I: In Figures 1 and 12, the linear rotation conversion mechanism is the main drum 25 + the main rope 16 + the auxiliary drum 54 + the auxiliary rope 61, and the rope collection component is the counterweight 51. One end of a main rope 16 is tied to the gravity anchor 28, and the other end passes upward through the fairlead 57/double roller fairlead installed at the bottom of the floating body 21 and continues to extend upward, and is finally wound around and fixed to the main drum 25. On the main drum 25, the main shaft 27 of the main drum 25 is installed on the floating body 21 through the bearing 56 and the bearing seat. The main drum 25 and the auxiliary drum 54 are connected through the main shaft 27 or linked through the gear/chain transmission mechanism. The auxiliary drum 54 is on The auxiliary cable 61 is fixed and wrapped, and the other end of the auxiliary cable 61 extends downward and is tied to a counterweight 51 (shown in Figure 1, it is connected through the second tension spring 18, which will be explained later); The tensile force is opposite to the torque generated by the tensile force of the main rope 16 on the main shaft 27; the main drum 25 outputs rotational power through its shaft 27;

In Figure 2, the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a roller sprocket 64, the rope collection component is a counterweight 51, and one end of an upright straight pipe 66 is connected to the hole at the bottom of the equipment cabin (the equipment cabin 7 is suspended from the rear and lower surface of the second floating body 93 ), a fairlead 57/double roller chock is installed at the bottom opening of the straight pipe 66. There is a rolling chain 76 in the straight pipe 66, one end of which is tied to one end of a rope 32, and the other end of the rope 32 is downward. After passing through the fairlead 57/double roller fairlead, it is tied to the gravity anchor 28 below. The other end of the roller chain 76 goes upwards around a sprocket 64 and then extends downward to connect a counterweight 51. The counterweight 51 is in the straight pipe 66 and has a certain gap with the inner wall of the straight pipe 66. The counterweight 51 is provided with a vertical through hole, the rope 32 passes through the vertical through hole, and the sprocket 64 passes through The main shaft (indicated by the dotted line) outputs rotational power outwards, and the main shaft is installed on the equipment cabin 7 through bearings and bearing seats;

The linear rotation conversion mechanism in Figure 4 is a friction wheel 53. One end of a rope 32 is tied to the gravity anchor 28, and the other end passes upward through the fairlead 57/double roller fairlead installed at the bottom of the floating body 21, then extends upward and wraps around It extends downward after passing the friction wheel 53 (this figure is actually multiple friction wheels, explained later), and then tied to a counterweight 51; the friction wheel 53 is a wheel with grooves, and the friction coefficient of the groove surface is large; The friction wheel 53 outputs rotational power outward through its main shaft 27, which is installed on the floating body through the bearing 56 and the bearing seat; the friction wheel 53 + rope 32 can also be replaced with a ring sprocket 50 + a chain 72 (see Figure 16);

For the above three types of WEC, the counterweight 51 can also be replaced by the tension spring 22 (as shown in Figures 8 and 13), that is, the auxiliary cable 61/rope 32/roller chain 76 is tied to one end of the tension spring 22, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed on the floating body. 21 on;

In Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 11, 12, 13 and 16, the rope 32/ in the section between the main rope 16, the gravity anchor 28 and the friction wheel 53/ring sprocket 50/roller sprocket 64 The ring chain 72/roller chain 76 bears a very large tensile force and is used to convert the buoyancy work of the floating body 21 into the mechanical energy of pulling the linear rotation conversion mechanism, so it is collectively called an energy harvesting cable, while the auxiliary rope 61, the counterweight 51 and The pulling force of the rope 32/ring chain 72/roller chain 64 in the section between the friction wheel 53/ring sprocket 50/roller sprocket 64 is the reset pulling force provided by the counterweight 51/tension spring 22, and the force is small, so Collectively called the reset cable. For the drum, the main rope and the auxiliary rope are two separate strands, while for the friction wheel/ring sprocket/roller sprocket, the energy harvesting rope and the reset rope are actually one strand, but they are labeled according to different sections.

The floating body sheave WEC uses the relative movement of the floating body relative to the underwater gravity anchor to collect wave energy. The gravity anchor serves as a relative reference point. When the floating body rises with the waves, the distance between the floating body and the gravity anchor increases. The energy harvesting cable is under tension, so it pulls the linear rotation conversion mechanism to rotate. The linear rotation conversion mechanism converts the rotation linearly into rotational motion and outputs power. This process also pulls the rope collection component (spring/counterweight), thereby storing energy. ; When the floating body falls with the waves, the distance between the floating body and the gravity anchor shortens, and the pulling force of the floating body's buoyancy on the energy-harvesting cable disappears. Under the reverse force of the rope-retracting component, the linear rotation conversion mechanism reverses and retracts the energy-harvesting cable. And so on.

Section II: Sometimes if the equipment cabin is directly used as a sea surface floating body to withstand the impact of waves, a series of problems will occur.

See Figure 2. The linear rotation conversion mechanism is a roller sprocket 64. It requires a long straight pipe 66 to ensure that the counterweight 51 has enough travel space (10m). If the equipment cabin 7 is used as a floating body on the sea (that is, the equipment cabin 7 is removed) Second floating body 93), because the water resistance of the cylindrical long straight tube 66 is very large, when the equipment cabin 7 is horizontally impacted by waves, very large stress will appear at the joint between the equipment cabin 7 and the straight pipe 66, which can easily cause damage. The solution is: the floating body is designed to hang the equipment cabin 7 from the second floating body 93 on the water surface. The equipment cabin 7 has a hole in the bottom and is connected with the top opening of the straight pipe 66 and is sealed and welded. The main shaft 27 and roller chain are The wheel 64, the bearing and the bearing seat are all installed in the equipment cabin 7. The fairlead 57/double roller fairlead is installed at the bottom opening of the straight pipe 66, and one end of a chain 72 is tied to the bottom end of the second floating body 93 , the other end is tied to the top of the equipment cabin 7. The volume of the equipment cabin 7 should be small to reduce the impact of water, and the internal mechanism attached to the equipment cabin 7+ can have an overall specific gravity greater than water and be completely suspended by the second floating body above. In this way, the tilting and swinging of the second floating body 21 on the sea surface will not cause the tilting and swinging of the equipment cabin 7. The equipment cabin 7 can be regarded as always bearing the pulling force from both ends of the top mooring point and the fairlead 57 at the bottom end of the long pipe. In addition, the top tie point of the equipment cabin 7 is preferably on the axis of the straight tube 66, so that there will be no large bending moment in the straight tube 66 and its connection with the equipment cabin 7. The directional casters 75 installed on the side of the counterweight 51 can roll up and down in the straight tube 66 to avoid friction with the inner wall.

Section III: As shown in Figure 1, the counterweight 51 is connected to the auxiliary cable 61 through the second tension spring 18, that is, one end of the second tension spring 18 is connected to the counterweight 51, and the other end of the second tension spring 18 is connected to the auxiliary cable 61. The main purpose is to make the pulling force of the reset cable (compared to the absence of the second tension spring 18) greater during the wave trough, while the pulling force of the auxiliary cable 61 is relatively smaller during the wave peak. For example: The essence of waves is that the water point makes an approximate circular motion (assuming counterclockwise). The up and down speed of the auxiliary rope is determined by the floating body. When the WEC is stationary, the length of the second tension spring 18 subjected to the tension of the counterweight 51 is defined as the equilibrium length. When from 9 o'clock to 6 o'clock, the floating body 21 is decelerating in the vertical direction, so the auxiliary rope 61 is also in a decelerating state. Since the inertia of the counterweight 51 and the tension of the second tension spring 18 are determined by its elongation, the counterweight 51 is decelerated. The weight 51 moves downward relative to the reset cable, and the second tension spring 18 is slowly stretched. At the trough of the wave, the length of the second tension spring 18 is stretched beyond the equilibrium length, thus producing a wet weight larger than the counterweight 51. The reset pulling force (experiments show that sometimes it is more than 2 times), and at 6-3 o'clock, the elastic potential energy of the second tension spring 18 does work on the counterweight 51, and the counterweight 51 is thrown upward through 3 o'clock. At the wave peak, due to the counterweight The inertia of weight 51, the length of the second tension spring 18 is smaller than the balance length, and the reset cable tension is relatively smaller, sometimes 0.

Preferable: See Figure 4A, the spiral wire of the second tension spring 18 is covered with a rubber tube/polyurea sheath 71; to isolate the second tension spring 18 from sea water to prevent corrosion; Preferable: See Figures 1 and 4, the second The tension spring 18 is connected in parallel with a rope 41, that is, one end of the second tension spring 18 is connected to one end of the rope 41, and the other end of the second tension spring 18 is connected to the other end of the rope 41. The length of the rope 41 is the length of the maximum allowable stretch of the tension spring. , the rope 41 plays a protective role to prevent the second tension spring 18 from being damaged due to being stretched too long.

The counterweight + spring rope is suitable for all situations where the weight rope needs to be strengthened.

In addition, see Figure 2. Adding a spring to the floating body can also make it fall deeper, thereby retracting more ropes and using more wave height to do work. There is a weight 65 inside the floating body with vertical through holes on it, and guide posts on the floating body. 8 passes through the hole, and the lower part of the weight 65 is connected to the compression spring 5. The weight 65 can also be set outside. As shown in the figure below, the weight 65 is set on the straight pipe 66. The upper part of the weight 65 is connected to one end of the spring 15. The spring 15 The other end is connected to the bottom of the equipment cabin 7. The principle is the same as above, but the target is different. Of course, it is best to add a second tension spring 18 between the roller chain 76 and the counterweight 51.

Section IV: See Figure 4. The linear rotation conversion mechanism of the WEC is a friction wheel set (explained later). Since the floating body 21 continues to swing, coupled with the impact of the sea current, the rope 32 will bend under the action of lateral force. In order to suppress this bending, a hard straight pipe 95 is added. The energy harvesting cable 26 passes through the hard straight pipe 95. The top of the hard straight pipe 95 is connected to the bottom hole of the floating body 21 through the rubber pipe 82, that is, the top of the hard straight pipe 95 is connected to the rubber pipe 82. One port is docked, and the other port of the rubber tube 82 is docked with the opening on the bottom of the floating body 21 (the hard straight tube 95 + the rubber tube 82 + the inside of the floating body 21 are fused into a semi-enclosed space, and the opening is at the bottom of the hard straight tube, into which high-pressure air can be injected. The internal water surface is forced to the bottom of the hard straight pipe 95, thereby better preventing seawater from intruding into the cavity of the floating body 21), or referring to Figure 6, the bottom surface of the floating body is connected through a rope 41. The rubber tube 82/rope 41 makes the hard straight tube 95 movablely connected to the floating body and can tilt freely. A distance should be left between the bottom port of the hard straight pipe 95 and the anchor base 28 to prevent the bottom end of the hard straight pipe 95 from hitting the anchor base 28 when the floating body 21 moves up and down with the hard straight pipe 95.

In order to prevent the bottom opening of the hard straight pipe 95 from rubbing with the energy-collecting cable 26, a fairlead 68/double roller chock is installed at the bottom opening of the hard straight pipe, and the energy-collecting cable 26 passes from the chock 68/double roller. Pass through the fairlead; similarly, a fairlead/double roller fairlead/linear ball bearing can also be installed somewhere in the hard straight pipe to avoid friction between the energy harvesting cable 26 and the inner wall of the hard straight pipe 95;

The hard straight pipe can also be replaced by a telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78, as shown in Figure 6. The energy harvesting cable 26 passes through the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78. The top of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78 is connected to the floating body through a rubber tube or a rope 41. 21 bottom surface (that is, one end of a rope 41 is tied to both sides of the top of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78, and the other ends of the two ropes 41 are separated and tied to the bottom surface of the floating body 21). The bottom end of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve 78 is docked through a rubber tube 82 or connected to the gravity anchor 28 through a rope.

For telescopic multi-stage sleeves, install fairleads/double roller chocks/linear ball bearings 79 at the entrances at the top and bottom ends or inside the sleeves to prevent friction between the energy harvesting cable 26 and the inner wall.

The hard straight pipe and telescopic multi-stage sleeve in this section use its strong bending rigidity to allow the rope to hide inside it from the impact of sea water, and can be used in all situations to prevent the rope from bending and deforming.

Section V: See Figure 7. Floating bodies on the sea are often adhered to by marine organisms. This figure gives a solution, specifically: the floating body 21 is in the shape of a rotary body, and a rotating bearing 56 is coaxial with the floating body 21. The inner ring is tightly fitted on the surface of the floating body 21, and an elongated scraper 83 is fixed on the outer ring. The scraper 83 extends close to the outer surface of the floating body 21; Figure 7B is a bottom view.

Preferably: the scraper 83 only extends within the semi-cylindrical surface;

Principle: Because the outer ring of the bearing 56 can rotate freely, the impact of sea currents/waves on the scraper 83 generates a rotational torque, which drives the scraper 83 to rotate. Since the scraper is close to the surface of the floating body 21, the surface of the floating body 21 can be swept away. attachments.

If the scraper 83 has a small projected area in the circumferential direction of its rotation, it can be consolidated with the wave receiving plate 84 with a large projected area in the circumferential direction to enhance the driving force of waves/ocean currents.

The device for removing attachments can also be like this, see Figure 8: the floating body 21 is in the shape of a rotary body, and the inner ring of a rotating bearing 56 coaxial with the floating body 21 is tightly sleeved on the surface of the floating body 21, and the outer ring of the bearing 21 A crankshaft 87 is consolidated. The shape of the crankshaft 87 is elongated, close to the outer surface of the floating body 21, within the same axial section of the floating body 21, and extending on one side of the axis; a roller is set on the straight section of the crankshaft 87 Brush 86, the roller brush 86 can rotate freely on the crankshaft 87 and adhere to the outer surface of the floating body 21; this principle is the same as the scraper in the figure, and also utilizes the impact of waves/ocean currents. The difference is that the cleaning tool consists of a scraper Strip 83 becomes roller brush 86. Since the roller brush 86 has rolling friction with the surface of the floating body 21, the linear speed at different rotation radii will be different, which will inevitably lead to sliding friction. In order to reduce the resistance, for the crankshaft straight section with a long length in the radial direction of the floating body, the roller is The brush 86 should be divided into several parts, which are connected in series and placed on the straight section of the crankshaft.

Similarly, in order to enhance the impact force of waves/sea currents, one option is to fix a wave receiving plate 84 on the crankshaft 87, which has a large projected area in the circumferential direction of the bearing.

The scraper 83/roller brush solution for removing marine life in this section is applicable to all offshore buoys, not limited to WEC buoys.

Section VI: Figure 8 also includes a device for removing marine attachments from the main cable/rope/chain. The specific structure is: a tubular sliding tube 89, which is placed on the energy harvesting rope 26. The specific gravity of the sliding tube 89 is greater than water. The outer edge of the upper end surface of the sliding drum 89 is connected to a string 88. The string 88 extends upward obliquely to one side, and its other end is fixed and wound on the drum of a micro winch 35. The micro winch 35 is fixed on a cantilever 6 At the end, the motor of the hoist 35 is controlled by MCU (ie single chip microcomputer)/PLC, and the other end of the cantilever 6 is fixed on the outer surface of the floating body 21 .

In fact, the string 88 can also be directly fixed on the outer edge of the upper bottom surface of the floating body 21. To prevent the roller brush 86 from being swept, it can be fixed to the bottom end of the cantilever 6. The principle is as follows: due to the mining of the floating body sheave WEC, The energy rope 26 works by constantly moving up and down relative to the floating body 21, while the sliding tube 89 relies on its own gravity to tighten the string 88, that is, it is almost motionless in the vertical direction relative to the floating body 21, so the sliding tube 89 will move relative to the energy harvesting body. The cable 26 moves up and down to remove attachments on the energy-harvesting cable 26. In order to prevent the inner wall of the sleeve 89 from wearing the energy-harvesting cable 26, it is preferred to install a fairlead/double roller chock 68/bristle in the sliding barrel 89; To prevent the sleeve 89 from rotating around the energy harvesting cable 26 and causing the string 88 to wrap around, the upper port of the sleeve 89 is opened and shaped like a trumpet-shaped flange 81, and the string 88 is tied to the flange.

As mentioned, the purpose of the string 88 being fixed and wound around the winch 35 is to allow the MCU to control the working depth of the slide drum 89. Of course, in the season when the waves are very small, the MCU can control the winch 35 to continuously retract. Thin rope 88 is placed to make the slide tube 89 move up and down continuously, so that attachments can be removed independently without relying on waves.

In this section, the winch suspension slide scheme without the energy harvesting rope is actually applicable to all offshore rope situations.

Section VII: As mentioned in Section I, the conversion mechanism uses the friction between the friction wheel and the rope to convert linear motion into rotational motion. Since friction is a transmission with a small F/V (force ÷ transmission material volume) method, so it needs to be enhanced. Figure 3 shows the design of parallel and series connection through multiple friction wheels + energy harvesting cables. Only series connection is discussed here. Figure 3 shows the series connection scheme from the front and Figure 4 from the side. The two pictures should be viewed together. That is, the friction wheel 53 is ABCDE and forms a friction wheel set, that is, the friction wheel 53 and the gear 38 are connected through the shaft 27. The friction wheel 53, the gear 38, the shaft 27 and its bearing seat constitute a friction wheel gear unit. 27 is installed on the floating body frame through the bearing seat. Five identical friction wheel gear units are installed on the frame with their axes parallel, in the same direction, end faces aligned and in sequence. The gears 38 of the five friction wheel gear units mesh in sequence ( The arrangement is similar to the five Olympic rings), but the size of each friction wheel 53 is smaller than the gear, so the friction wheels 53 do not interfere with each other; the shaft 27 of one unit of the friction wheel group outputs power, and the rope 32 winds around each friction wheel in the order of meshing. The friction wheel 53 of each friction wheel gear unit, the so-called meandering means that the direction of the rope 32 around the two adjacent friction wheels is always opposite when moving forward.

Principle: When the rope 32 is pulled, the entire row of friction wheels 53 will be driven to rotate through static friction. The friction torque of the friction wheels 53 is brought together through the gears 38 meshing with each other, and power is output from a certain main shaft 27.

Advantages: This design allows for greater friction on a rope.

See Figure 4B. The rope 32 can be made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, but this material has a small friction coefficient and is not wear-resistant. In order to improve the wear resistance and friction, a knot 58 is tied at every other length on the rope 32. (single knot), then apply water-resistant polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55. The polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 sheath is in the shape of an elongated cylinder, and a rope 32 with a string of knots 58 is embedded in the polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 elongated cylinder. When the polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 is subjected to friction, it can be internally transmitted to the nearest knot, causing pressure on the knot 58, which will produce a pulling force on the rope. Although the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene rope is very smooth, the friction force is converted into pressure by the knotting method, thereby greatly increasing the F/V (friction force/volume).

Preferred: Polyurethane elastomer/rubber 55 can be mixed with short fibers to enhance strength. Preferable: For polyurethane elastomer, it can be made of prepolymer material that can be cast and solidified at room temperature, so that it is completely adhered to the rope. Scope of application of this section: All occasions that rely on rope friction for linear rotation power conversion, not limited to WEC.

Section Ⅷ: For Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, and 10, the power output by the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism is transmitted to the generator through overrunning clutch 1. Overrunning clutch 1 converts the reciprocating rotation of the linear rotation conversion mechanism into one-way rotation. , so the generator 24 will continue to rotate in one direction, but this rotation is sometimes big, sometimes small, sometimes not (the waves drive the floating body to rise, the mining cable pulls the linear rotating mechanism to do work, the power is transmitted to the generator through the overrunning clutch, the waves fall, and the mining The energy cable is recovered and the main shaft is reversed, but at this time there is no transmission between the two ends of the overrunning clutch and the generator does not move). If you want to collect the electric energy of these WEC generators, how to do it? Figure 9 gives the solution. Right now:

If the generator is DC, a power diode is connected in parallel, and the P pole of the diode is connected to the negative pole of the generator. A parallel branch composed of DC generators and diodes of multiple wave energy collection systems is connected in series in the same direction to form a bus. ;

When the generator generates electricity, the voltage across it causes the diode to cut off, the bus current passes through the generator, and the generator outputs power. When the generator does not generate electricity, the internal resistance of the generator will produce a voltage drop, causing the diode to conduct. , the bus current passes through the diode and does not pass through the generator, thus reducing the power consumption caused by the internal resistance of the generator.

If the generator is AC, its output end is connected to a rectifier bridge. The output ends of the rectifier bridges of the alternator of multiple floating sheave WECs are connected in series in the same direction to form a bus; the rectifier bridge can also be connected in parallel with filter capacitors. , to filter out communication components. When the generator generates electricity, the direction of the bus current is diode > generator > diode. When the generator does not generate electricity, the generator acts as a resistor and produces a voltage drop. At this time, the bus current passes through the two parallel series-connected double diode branches. , without passing through the generator, avoiding power consumption caused by internal resistance.

After multiple WEC generators are connected in series, although the voltage emitted by each generator is changing all the time, the voltage ∑Ui of the entire series-connected generators is much more stable. This one is not strong and that one is not strong, and this one is not strong and that one is strong. It is stable. total voltage.

In addition, series connection will bring about a problem, that is, the accumulated potential, that is, because the generator voltages of many WECs are added together, the voltage becomes higher and higher. If the generator shell is connected to a floating body, then part of the generator shell and its armature The potential between the windings is very large, which makes it easy to breakdown the windings. Therefore, the metal shell of the generator must be wrapped with an insulating layer 63. The generator shaft must also be insulated from the outside world through a coupling 62 with insulation at both ends. At the same time, The metal casing of the generator is connected to its side bus with wires, so that the potential difference between the generator casing and the armature winding is much smaller.

The series connection scheme in this figure is also suitable for all occasions where multiple generators need to pool energy.

Section IX: For the floating body sheave WEC working in the sea, the floating body performs various movements. For the floating body sheave WEC with a counterweighted rope retraction and a non-rolling chain linear rotation conversion mechanism, the angle between the reset cable 45 and the floating body 21 Various changes will be made. In order to prevent the reset cable from deviating from the normal working plane and falling off the auxiliary drum/friction wheel/ring sprocket, and to prevent the reset cable from rubbing against the floating body, another fairlead/double must be installed on the floating body. Roller chock 57, the return cable passes through the chock 57/double roller chock, see all counterweight rope take-up legends.

In addition, under the impact of underwater waves and currents, if the counterweight 51 is unconstrained, it will swing arbitrarily, and the energy harvesting rope 26 and the reset rope 45 will easily become entangled with each other. Therefore, the floating sheave WEC needs an anti-double rope entanglement mechanism. , the plan is as follows:

1. Side-pull submersible mark, see Figure 12: One end of a cable 69 is connected to the counterweight 51, the other end extends downward to one side, then bypasses a pulley 60, and is finally connected to an underwater float 59 , the pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected to another anchor base 28 through a rope; or the counterweight 51 is omitted, that is, the auxiliary rope 61 coming down from the floating body is directly connected to one end of a cable 69, and the cable 69 The other end extends downward to one side, then bypasses a pulley 60, and is finally connected to an underwater float 59. The pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected to another anchor base 28 through a rope;

Principle: The buoyancy of the submersible mark 59 pulls the counterweight 51 diagonally downward and sideways through the cable 69. The resulting horizontal component force causes the counterweight 51 to leave the main cable 16, so that the auxiliary cable 61 and the main cable 16 are in contact with each other. No more entanglements. And if the counterweight 51 is omitted, it is equivalent to the submersible mark 59 being used as the rope retracting component of the WEC, and the buoyancy of the submersible mark 59 is used to retract the rope and reset it.

2. Single catenary side-pull type, see Figure 4: a section of cable 69, with a weight 65 attached in the middle. One end of the cable 69 is tied to the counterweight 51, the other end extends downward to one side, and is finally connected to a ground anchor 70 , the cable 69 can also be replaced by a catenary chain;

Principle: The wet gravity of the weight 65 will tighten the cable 69 (the catenary relies on the dispersed self-weight to generate pulling force), thereby producing an oblique downward pulling force on the counterweight 51, and the horizontal component force will pull the counterweight 51 away from the mine. The energy cable 26 prevents the reset cable 45 and the energy harvesting cable 26 from being entangled.

3. Side-pull type at the side buoy, see the right side of Figure 11: add a buoy 91 at a certain distance (such as 50 meters) around the buoy 21, and the buoy 21 and the buoy 91 are anchored somewhere by the mooring system , one end of a cable 69 is tied to the counterweight 51, the other end extends to the buoy, bypasses a pulley 60 and then extends downward, and finally connects to a weight 65. The pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected to the bottom of the buoy 91 through the rope 41 ;

The weight 65 with a specific gravity greater than water will produce a downward pulling force on the cable 69. This pulling force is transmitted along the cable 69, thus pulling the counterweight 51 away from the energy harvesting cable 26 and avoiding the collision between the energy harvesting cable 26 and the reset cable 45. entangled. The position of the pulley 60 can be placed at a depth of 10m underwater, exactly at the middle height of the up and down movement stroke of the counterweight 51 (for example, at a depth of 0m-20m), so that the cable 69 is approximately horizontally pulled sideways (0±11.31°) The counterweight, thus giving full play to the wet weight of the weight 65, is almost always used to pull the counterweight 51 sideways. If the counterweight 51 is pulled sideways like the first and second anti-entanglement mechanisms, only part of the pulling force is used for pulling the counterweight 51 sideways. The horizontal side pull counterweight 51, and part of the pulling force is in the vertical direction, which interferes with the pulling force of the reset cable 45. In addition, in this example, the tensile variation of the cable 69 caused by the movement of the counterweight 51 is relatively small, only ±0.99m, and the weight 65 does not require a large vertical displacement, which means that the resistance of the water is relatively small. , thereby reducing the incidental damping of the up and down movement of the counterweight 51.

The above-mentioned counterweight 51 can also be omitted, and the reset cable 45 is directly connected to the cable 69, and the weight 65 is used as a counterweight for retracting the rope; but in this case, the reset cable 45 is not pulled down vertically, but diagonally. Down, the advantage of the reset cable 26 being pulled down vertically is that it will not produce a horizontal component force on the floating body 21, thus avoiding the generation of bending moments.

It can also be (see Figure 10): the reset cable (i.e., the auxiliary cable 61) drawn from the floating body 21 passes through the fairlead/double roller chock 57 on the side of the floating body, and then extends horizontally through a distance at sea. Then pass through the fairlead/double roller fairlead on the side of the buoy 91, then bypass the guide roller 60 installed on the buoy and extend downward, and then pass through the fairlead/double roller chock on the bottom of the buoy. The roller chock then continues to extend downward and is finally tied to the counterweight (obstructed by the buoy, not pictured);

In this way, the vertical section of the reset cable 61 is separated from the energy harvesting cable to prevent entanglement. Optionally, among the multiple anchor chains 90/anchor cables anchoring the buoy 21/buoy 91, the anchor chain 90 in the direction of the reset cable can be omitted (as shown in Figure 10); that is, the reset cable 61 can also be Make an anchor cable to play a mooring role on the floating body 21/buoy 91;

4. Side-pull type at the anchor chain, see the left side of Figure 11: the buoy 21 is anchored somewhere by a multi-point mooring system, and the counterweight 51 connected to the reset cable 45 is connected to one end of a cable 69. The cable 69 The other end extends diagonally downward to one side, bypasses a pulley 60 and then connects downward to a weight 65. The pulley frame of the pulley 60 is connected to the middle of one of the anchor chains 90 in the mooring system through a rope; The counterweight 51 can also be omitted, so that the reset cable 45 is directly connected to one end of the cable 69 (the dotted straight line part), so that the weight 65 can be used as a counterweight for retracting the rope;

The operating mechanism of this design is the same as the above. They both use the wet weight of the heavy block to pull the counterweight sideways or the wet weight directly acts as the pulling force for the reset cable to reset. The only difference is the installation location.

Preferably, see Figure 11: For the above four anti-double rope entanglement mechanisms that use weights to provide side pull force to the counterweight, the cable 69/catenary of the side pull counterweight 51 (2. Single catenary side pull anti-entanglement mechanism The catenary) is connected to the counterweight 51 through the longer hard straight rod 20, that is, the cable 69/catenary is connected to one end of the hard straight rod 20, and the other end of the hard straight rod 20 is movablely connected to the counterweight 51; the purpose is to better prevent the counterweight 51 from being movable. The weight 51 rotates around the energy harvesting cable 26. If for some reason (such as a very strong ocean current impact) the counterweight 51 overcomes the side pull of the weight 65 and still runs to the left of the energy harvesting cable 26 (Figure 11), As long as the other end of the hard straight rod does not reach the left side of the energy harvesting cable, then because the hard straight rod 20 is hard and cannot be bent, the counterweight 51 still cannot rotate around the energy harvesting cable 26.

5. Double suspension chain stopper type, see Figure 5: An anchor chain 90 is tied to both sides of the counterweight 51 connected to the reset cable 45, and the two anchor chains 90 are forked downwards on both sides, each anchor chain The other end of 90 is respectively connected with a gravity anchor/ground anchor 70;

This solution uses the collision between the tightened anchor chain 90 and the tightened energy harvesting cable 26 to prevent the counterweight 51 from rotating around the energy harvesting cable 26. Obviously, no matter how the counterweight 51 moves, the energy harvesting cable 26 will always On one side of the connection line composed of two anchor chains 72, in order to prevent the energy harvesting cable 26 from being worn, the lower half of the energy harvesting cable 26 can be replaced with a hard straight rod 20, and the bottom end of the hard straight rod 20 passes through a pair of mutually interlocking The locking ring 73 is connected to the gravity anchor 28, and the locking ring 73 allows the rigid straight rod 20 to tilt freely.

The counterweight 51 can also be omitted, so that the reset cable 45 is directly connected to the two anchor chains 90/anchor cables to form an inverted Y shape; the anchor chain 72 can also be replaced with an anchor cable, but a weight block should be tied in the middle of the anchor cable; this way Now it’s time to use the wet weight of the hanging chain 72/weight to collect the rope.

6. Double rope guide type, see Figure 1: The floating body 21 has two identical sets of coaxial main drums 25 spaced at a certain axial distance and the matching main ropes 16. The two main ropes 16 coming down from the floating body 21 respectively pass through the two vertical holes provided on the counterweight 51, and then are connected to the gravity anchor 28;

Obviously, the counterweight 51 is guided by the two main cables 16 passing through it, and its movement is restricted and cannot rotate at a large angle. Once rotated, the deformation of the two main cables 16 will have a negative impact on the counterweight 51. Restoring moment in direction. Figure 3 also belongs to the double-rope guide mechanism, which uses two sets of energy-harvesting ropes 26 to guide the counterweight 51.

In addition, a fairlead/double roller fairlead 68 is provided at the upper and lower entrances of the vertical hole of the counterweight 51, and the main rope 16 (Fig. 1)/energy harvesting rope 26 (Fig. 3) is connected from this fairlead/ Pass through the double roller chock 68; this way the energy cable will not rub against the vertical hole.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1, the floating body 21 will bear the left and right oscillation and swing of the waves on the sea surface. The floating body 21 will have different inclination angles. At this time, the two main ropes 16 will have different pulling forces. Therefore, for the double rope guide anti-entanglement mechanism , there must also be a tensioning mechanism. There are three designs:

Design 1, the pulley connects the gravity anchor: see Figure 1B, that is: the two energy-harvesting cables 26 extending downward from the floating body 21, which were originally intended to connect the gravity anchor 28, are instead merged into one line near the top of the gravity anchor 28 and wound around Through a pulley, the pulley frame 49 of the pulley is connected to the gravity anchor 28 through a rope; the pulley is used to equalize the pulling force of the two energy harvesting cables 26.

Design 2, floating body U-shaped ring suspended equipment cabin: See Figure 1A, the floating body is designed in the form of a second floating body 93 hanging below the equipment cabin 7. The second floating body 93 is on the water surface, and the equipment cabin 7 is below it. The equipment cabin 7 is It is a semi-enclosed shell with only bottom openings. The main shaft, drum, bearings and bearing seats are all installed in the equipment cabin 7. The fairlead 57/double roller fairlead is installed at the bottom opening of the equipment cabin 7. The equipment cabin shell One end of a cylinder 94 is externally fixed on the left and right sides of the body respectively. The two cylinders 94 are coaxial. The two cylinders 94 are respectively inserted into two holes of a U-shaped ring 74 (the cylinder and the hole are clearance fit). The outside of the middle section of the U-shaped ring 74 is connected to the bottom end of the second floating body 93 through a rope 41 (the outside of the middle section of the U-shaped ring 74 can also be fixed to the bottom surface of the second floating body 93); it should be noted that: the two main ropes 16 are slave devices The line connecting the two points passing through the bottom of the cabin 7 (i.e. the fairlead 57 they pass through) should be perpendicular to the axis of the two holes of the U-shaped ring 74, and the midpoint of the line connecting the two points should be exactly at On the line connecting the two holes of the U-shaped ring, when the second floating body 93 tilts left and right, the vertical distances between the two main cables 16 and the cylinder 94 are equal. According to mechanical analysis, the tensile forces of the two main cables 16 are equivalent at this time. When the second floating body 93 swings back and forth, because the two main ropes 16 are aligned in this direction, the force is the same. The Figure 1A embodiment is defined as a U-ring 74 suspension scheme.

Design 3, Y-shaped connection gravity anchor + floating body suspension: See Figure 3, the energy-harvesting cable 26 and the gravity anchor 28 are connected by a Y-shaped rope, that is, the two energy-harvesting cables 26 are not connected to the gravity anchor 28 first. Instead, the two ends of a hard straight rod 20 are connected evenly and symmetrically. The hard straight rod 20 is then connected to the gravity anchor through a Y-shaped rope 67, that is: the two tops of the Y-shaped rope 67 are respectively connected to the two ends of the hard straight rod 20. end connection, the bottom end of the Y-shaped rope 67 is connected with the gravity anchor 28.

As for the floating body, the structural form of the second floating body suspension equipment cabin must be adopted. The suspension method can be: U-shaped ring/single rope/Y-shaped rope. The U-shaped ring connection can be referred to Figure 1A. As for the single rope The connection is as follows: one end of the connection cable is connected to the bottom surface of the second floating body 93, and the other end is connected to a tie point on the top surface of the equipment cabin 7. The tie point is at the intersection of the center line FF' and the top surface of the equipment cabin 7. The so-called center line: Pull the equipment cabin 7 upward to tighten the two energy-harvesting cables 26 and the Y-shaped ropes 28 on the gravity anchor. At this time, the two energy-harvesting cables 26 are straightened and nearly parallel. The energy cable 26 determines a plane, and in this plane there is a straight line located between the two, which is parallel to the two and at the same distance. This is the center line FF'.

In Figure 3, an upper and lower Y-shaped rope connection method is used. The second floating body 93 is on the water surface, and the equipment cabin 7 is below it. The main shaft 27, the friction wheel 53, the bearings, and the bearing seats are all installed in the equipment cabin 7. The fairlead 57/The double roller chock is installed at the opening on the bottom of the equipment cabin; the equipment cabin 7 is movably connected to the second floating body 93 through a Y-shaped rope 67, and the bottom end of the Y-shape is movably connected to the bottom end of the second floating body 93. There are two Y-shaped The top end is movably connected to the top surface of the equipment cabin 7; when the Y-shaped rope is straightened so that its plane is parallel to the two straightened energy-harvesting cables, first align the center point O of the Y-shaped rope to the center line FF' , and then tie the two top ends of Y to the top surface of equipment cabin 7. In this way, the distance between the O pulling force application point and the two energy-harvesting cables 26 is equivalent. No matter whether the second floating body 93 performs various tilting and swinging movements, the pulling force of the two energy-harvesting cables 26 will be equal.

It should be noted that the plane of the upper Y-shaped rope and the plane of the two parallel energy-harvesting cables can be at any angle, and this figure is designed to have a coincident relationship, so that when the two energy-harvesting cables 26 are pulled out with different lengths, At the same time, according to the mechanical analysis, it can be seen that the longer energy harvesting cable 26 has a smaller force, while the shorter energy harvesting cable 26 has a larger force, thus automatically causing the shorter energy harvesting cable to be pulled out. The rope generates more sliding friction, thereby catching up with the longer energy-harvesting rope, making them the same length, which means that it has the function of automatically adjusting the length of the two ropes.

7. There are two types of hanging anchors. The first one is: both sides of the gravity anchor are connected to one end of two ropes separated by a certain distance, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the anchors on the sea surface at a certain distance. Two floats, the two floats are anchored; the gravity anchor is provided with a vertical through hole, and the reset cable passes through the through hole and continues to connect the counterweight downward;

Pulley type: A cable is passed around a grooved pulley, the top end of the gravity anchor is fixed to the pulley frame of the pulley, and the two ends of the cable are respectively connected to two floats separated by a certain distance on the sea surface. The two floats are anchored, and the gravity anchor is suspended in the water by the cable and is provided with a vertical through hole. After the reset cable passes through the through hole, it continues to connect the counterweight downward;

For the two anchor-type anti-entanglement mechanisms, it is preferred that fairleads/double-roller chocks are installed at the upper and lower entrances of the through-holes, and the energy-harvesting ropes are passed through the chocks/double-roller chocks. Thread through to prevent friction.

Principle: Because the two ropes/cables (around the pulley) that suspend the gravity anchor will generate a reset moment to inhibit its rotation when the gravity anchor rotates, the gravity anchor does not rotate. In this way, as long as the floating body is anchored to prevent it from rotating, For rotation, the upper end of the reset cable is constrained by the fairlead/double roller fairlead at the bottom of the floating body, and the lower section is constrained by the vertical through hole of the gravity anchor, so it cannot rotate around the energy harvesting cable.

The anti-double rope entanglement mechanism in this section is also suitable for anti-entanglement situations between similar ropes on other offshore equipment.

Section , so it is necessary to convert unstable rotational power into stable rotation. CN102016294A and US20130200626 provide solutions. They use lifting heavy objects to store energy. However, WEC often needs to adjust the working load when operating in the sea, such as During big waves, the working load must be adjusted higher to increase the tension of the energy-harvesting cables and the draft of the floating body, so that more wave energy can be absorbed; while during small waves, the working load must be adjusted lower to reduce the tension of the energy-harvesting cables and the draft of the floating body. The draft allows the floating body to be pushed by small waves to generate sufficient travel, and there is an optimal matching relationship between workload and wave height.

Figures 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 provide the solution, that is, adding a back-stop ratchet mechanism 9, a differential/planetary gear, and an energy storage load regulation device; the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism of the WEC core system One end of the overrunning clutch 1 is linked through the gear/chain transmission 76 or the shaft 27. The other end of the overrunning clutch 1 is axially coupled with the ratchet 9 of the anti-return ratchet mechanism. The anti-return pawl 2 is installed on the frame. The ratchet 9 is connected to the first power end of the differential/planetary gear, the second power end of the differential/planetary gear drives the generator 24 through the speed increaser 23, and the third power end of the differential/planetary gear It is connected with the rotating component of the input power of the energy storage load regulation device.

The power input by the linear rotation conversion mechanism first passes through the overrunning clutch 1, converting the reciprocating rotation into one-way rotation, and then passes through the anti-reverse ratchet mechanism (the function is to prevent the power from the second power end of the differential/planetary gear from returning, driving the linear rotation conversion The mechanism is reversed), and then divided into two paths through the differential/planetary gear, one path is lost to the second power end to the generator, and the other path is fed to the third power end to the energy storage device. As mentioned earlier, the rotational speed of the first power end input to the differential/planetary gear by the overrunning clutch 1 is unstable, and for the second power end, the speed increaser 23 + generator 24 to which it is connected, due to It amplifies the speed and the generator's moment of inertia is amplified by the square, so the second power end can be regarded as constant speed in a short period of time. Since the differential/planetary gear has three power ends that are related to each other, the drastic changes in the first power end can only be matched by the third power end. The energy storage and load regulation device connected to the third power end is in the first power end. When the speed is fast and the second power end cannot digest it, the excess mechanical energy is stored. When the first power end is slow/stationary, the previously accumulated energy is released to meet the requirements of pushing the second power end. Because the working torques of the three power ends are interrelated, when the working load needs to be changed, not only the load of the second power end must be changed, but also the working load of the energy storage load regulation device of the third power end must be changed at the same time.

There are three types of energy storage load regulation devices, namely hydraulic type, pneumatic type, and tension spring type. They are:

The first type, hydraulic type, includes hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange device and pressure regulating device.

There are two types of hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange devices. One is to use a hydraulic cylinder (see Figure 16), that is: an extended piston rod 29 of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12, and the extended section is made into a rack 31, which meshes with the gear. , the gear is shaft-coupled with the third power end of the differential/planetary gear, the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixed on the frame, and its inlet and outlet are connected to the accumulator 13 through the oil pipe 33;

Among them, the above-mentioned rack and pinion transmission mechanism can also be replaced by a sprocket chain transmission mechanism, that is: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-coupled with the roller sprocket, and one end of the roller chain meshed with it is connected with the single-wheel chain transmission mechanism. The piston rod 29 of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected, the other end of the roller chain is tied to a weight/tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is tied to the frame;

The tension spring/weight keeps tension on the other end of the roller chain, keeping it stable and preventing the roller chain from falling off the sprocket.

Preferably, for the sprocket chain transmission mechanism, please refer to Figure 12. The weight 65 is in a vertical sliding tube 66 and maintains a gap with its inner wall. The sliding tube 66 is fixed on the frame. In this way, the weight 65 only moves up and down in the vertical slide tube 66 without swinging around, thus preventing the chain from breaking away from the sprocket.

Similarly, the rack and pinion transmission mechanism can also be replaced by a drum cable transmission mechanism (Fig. 15), that is: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-coupled with the drum 11, and one end of a cable 69 is fixed and wound around the drum. 11, the other end of the cable is connected to the piston rod 29 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder;

Principle (Figure 15): Since the speed of the second power end is difficult to change in a short time, when the first power end (sun gear) of the differential/planetary gear rotates at high speed, the third power end (the planet connected to the drum 11 shaft) frame) will be driven to absorb excess power. The third power end will pull the piston rod 29 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 through the drum 11 cable 69 mechanism. The hydraulic cylinder 12 outputs high-pressure oil to the accumulator 13; when the first power When the end stops, the accumulator 13 releases high-pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 12, pushing the piston to reset, thereby pulling the cable 69 to drive the drum 11 to reverse, driving the third power end to reverse. Due to the action of the anti-retraction pawl 2, the ratchet 9 cannot Reverse, so the first power end cannot reverse, and the third power end 10 can only drive the second power end to continue rotating at this time.

The second type of hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange device uses a positive displacement pump and motor (see Figure 13), that is: the positive displacement pump and motor 30 are shaft-coupled with the third power end of the differential/planetary gear; The inlet and outlet are connected to the oil tank 34 through the oil pipe, and the other inlet and outlet of the positive displacement pump and motor 30 are connected to the accumulator 13 through the oil pipe 33;

Principle: When the first power end of the differential/planetary gear rotates at high speed, its third power end will be driven to absorb excess power. The third power end will drive the displacement pump and motor 30, and the displacement pump and motor 30 will Extract hydraulic oil from the open oil tank 34 and output high-pressure hydraulic oil to the accumulator 13; when the first power end of the differential/planetary gear stops, the accumulator 13 releases the high-pressure oil to drive the positive displacement pump and motor 30. rotation, driving the third power end to reverse. Due to the action of the anti-retraction pawl 2, the ratchet 9 connected to the first power end cannot reverse, so the third power end can only drive the second power end to continue to rotate at this time.

Obviously, the working torque of the third power end depends on the working load of the hydraulic cylinder/displacement pump and motor, and further depends on the pressure of the accumulator air bag. Therefore, as long as the pressure of the accumulator air bag is changed, the working torque of the third power end can be changed (because the second power end is equivalent to constant speed or fixed), the working torque of the first power end can be changed, and the linear rotation is changed. The working torque of the mechanism changes the tension of the energy-harvesting cable, changes the draft when waves do work on the floating body, and changes the workload of the entire WEC. For the above two hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange devices, there are three types of structures of the pressure regulating devices they are equipped with:

The first type of pressure regulating device is shown in Figure 13: the air bag 97 of the accumulator 13 is connected to the outlet of an electric valve-equipped air pump 17 through the trachea 14, and the inlet of the valve-equipped air pump 17 is connected to the atmosphere. A tracheal branch is branched between the air pump 17 and the airbag 97, and the tracheal branch is connected to the atmosphere through a solenoid valve 42. The MCU obtains pressure information based on the pressure sensor 44 on the trachea connected to the airbag 97 to control The start and stop of the valve-matched air pump 17 and the on and off of the solenoid valve 42;

Principle: Normally, the solenoid valve 42 and the electric valve-equipped air pump 17 are closed. If we find that the sea waves are relatively large and want to increase the workload, we send an instruction to the MCU through the antenna. After the MCU receives it, the control valve-equipped air pump 17 starts to pump air from the atmosphere and injects it into the air bag 97 of the accumulator 13 , the pressure of the air bag 97 is increased, and the MCU continuously monitors the rising hydraulic pressure through the pressure sensor 44. When it reaches the predetermined value, the MCU turns off the valve-equipped air pump 17; if the wave becomes smaller, we want to reduce the workload and give The MCU sends a command, and after receiving it, the MCU opens the solenoid valve 42. At this time, the high-pressure air in the air bag 97 begins to overflow through the solenoid valve 42. The MCU continuously monitors the declining hydraulic pressure through the pressure sensor 44. When it reaches a predetermined value, it turns off Solenoid valve 42.

The valve-matched hydraulic pump can also be replaced by a series branch of an end-flow hydraulic pump and a one-way valve. Their functions are the same. The direction of the one-way valve is facing the side of the air bag;

The second type of pressure regulating device, see Figure 15: the air bag 97 of the accumulator 13 is connected to an air pipe 14, which is connected to an electric end-distribution plunger pump 48 through the pressure sensor 44 and the solenoid valve 42, MCU Read the information sent by the pressure sensor 44, and control the start and stop of the electric end-distribution plunger pump 48 and the on and off of the solenoid valve;

Principle: Normally, the solenoid valve 42 and the end-distribution plunger pump 48 are closed. When you want to increase the pressure of the air bag 97, send a command to the PLC through the antenna 43. After receiving it, the PLC opens the solenoid valve 42 and starts the end face distribution plunger pump 48. The end face distribution plunger pump 48 extracts air from the atmosphere and injects it into the air bag 97. Then the PLC continuously monitors the rising air pressure through the pressure sensor 44. When it reaches the predetermined value, the PLC turns off the end flow piston pump 48 and the solenoid valve 42. When it is necessary to adjust the pressure of the air bag 97, the PLC opens the solenoid valve 42. At this time The high-pressure gas in the air bag 97 overflows through the solenoid valve 42 and drives the end-face distribution plunger pump to rotate and overflows into the atmosphere. The PLC monitors the falling air pressure through the pressure sensor 44. When it reaches a predetermined value, the solenoid valve 42 is turned off.

The third type of pressure regulating device, see Figure 16: There are multiple accumulators in the hydraulic & mechanical energy exchange device, and the air bag pressures are different; it is drawn from the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/displacement pump and motor outlet (high-pressure side) The oil pipe is then bifurcated into multiple branches. Each branch passes through a solenoid valve 42 and is connected to an accumulator 13. The accumulator 13 on each branch has different air bag pressures. The single-chip microcomputer/PLC obtains the hydraulic pressure through the pressure sensor 44. data, and then perform on-off control on the solenoid valves 42 on each branch;

Principle: Normally, only the solenoid valve on one branch is open. For example, when we want the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 to work at 5MPa, we send an instruction to the MCU, and the MCU only allows the solenoid valve 42 on the 5Mpa branch to open (while closing other Branch solenoid valve 42). But in order to work better, when the MCU switches the solenoid valve, it will judge the switching timing based on the data of the pressure sensor 44 on the oil pipe drawn from the single-acting hydraulic cylinder/displacement pump and motor outlet (high pressure side). For example, due to long-term work, too much hydraulic oil enters the 5Mpa accumulator, causing its air bag to become smaller and the pressure to increase to 8Mpa (when only the solenoid valve on the 5MPa branch is opened, the MCU is connected through the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 The hydraulic sensor 44 on the oil pipe can be informed), and the 20Mpa accumulator releases too much hydraulic oil, and the excessive pressure of the air bag drops to 15Mpa, which requires a part of the hydraulic oil to be extracted from the 5Mpa accumulator and injected into the 20Mpa accumulator. The method is: due to the ups and downs of the waves, the third power end must continuously rotate forward and reverse, and the piston of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 must also reciprocate. The MCU determines whether the piston is compressing or resetting based on the pressure sensor 44. When it is found that the piston begins to compress the hydraulic oil, the MCU immediately only opens the solenoid valve of the 20Mpa branch (the others are closed). At this time, the high-pressure hydraulic oil output by the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 12 begins to enter the 20Mpa accumulator (although at this time, Equivalent to changes in airbag pressure, workload changes, and energy harvesting cable tension changes, but with the help of the inertia of the entire WEC equipment, the floating body will still impact upward for a certain distance, still driving the first power end, and the third power end will still continue to rotate forward. ). When the MCU determines that the piston has begun to reset through the pressure sensor 44, it immediately opens only the solenoid valve 42 of the 5Mpa branch (others are closed). At this time, the hydraulic oil in the 5Mpa accumulator will be released, pushing the piston to reset. Then the MCU only opens the 20MPa branch solenoid valve when the piston starts to compress, and only opens the 5MPa solenoid valve when the piston starts to reset. In this way, the purpose of distributing the hydraulic oil in each accumulator is achieved. In the same way, this method can also be followed for the deployment of hydraulic oil between other accumulators.

The second type of energy storage load regulation device is pneumatic, see Figure 12, that is: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear is shaft-coupled with the roller sprocket 64, and one end of the roller chain meshing with it is connected to a first The piston rod of a cylinder 36 is connected, and the other end of the roller chain is tied to a weight 65/tension spring (the other end of the tension spring is tied to the frame); the first cylinder 36 is fixed on the frame, and the first cylinder 36 is led out The air pipe 14, after passing through a solenoid valve 42, is connected to a second cylinder 96. The second cylinder 96 is also a single-acting cylinder. The piston rod of the single-acting cylinder is lengthened, and the extended part is made into a rack. The meshing gears are axially coupled to the rotor of the servo motor 39 controlled by the PLC. The PLC controls the motor status based on the feedback from the position module of the servo motor 39 or the signal of the pressure sensor on the air pipe led out through the first cylinder 36 The rotation of the servo motor 39 and the switching of the solenoid valve 42; the second cylinder can also be replaced by an air pump with end face distribution. One inlet and outlet of the air pump is connected to the atmosphere, and the other air inlet is connected to a trachea, which passes through the solenoid valve. 42 is connected to the first cylinder 36, and the air pump is connected to the rotor of the aforementioned servo motor;

Principle: Normally, the solenoid valve 42 is closed, and the gas in the first cylinder 36 is constant. When the first power end is at high speed, the third power end drive sprocket 64 rotates forward and pulls the piston rod 29, thereby compressing the gas in the first cylinder 36, thereby converting the excess mechanical energy of the second power end into air pressure energy, (No. One cylinder 36 is equivalent to a gas spring). When the first power end stops, the high-pressure gas in the first cylinder 36 pushes the piston to reset and pulls the sprocket 64 to reverse, thereby driving the third power end to reverse. The pawl 2 does not allow the first power end to reverse, so the third power end can only push the second power end to continue rotating, thereby converting the previously stored air pressure energy into mechanical energy. When we need to change the air pressure in the first cylinder 36, we can send instructions to the PLC. The PLC opens the solenoid valve 42 and drives the servo motor to rotate at the same time, driving the piston rod of the second cylinder 96 to move through the rack and pinion mechanism 31, thereby extracting or injecting gas from the first cylinder 36 through the air pipe 14.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 12, the weight 65 is in a vertical sliding tube 66 and maintains a gap with its inner wall. The sliding tube 66 is fixed on the frame. The weight 65 can only move up and down in the sliding tube 66, but not It will swing around to prevent the chain from coming off the sprocket 64;

Similarly, the sprocket chain mechanism can also be replaced by a drum cable mechanism/rack and pinion mechanism;

The third type of energy storage load adjustment device is spring type, Figure 14, that is: the third power end of the differential/planetary gear (i.e. the side gear) is shaft-coupled with the drum 11, and one end of a cable 69 is fixed and wound around the drum 11. On the drum 11, the other end of the cable is connected to one end of a third tension spring 85. The other end of the third tension spring 85 is connected to one end of the webbing 37. The other end of the webbing 37 is fixed and wound on the self-winding reel of a winch. On the drum 80, the motor 35 of the hoist is connected to the self-contained drum 80 through the torque sensor 52. The single-chip microcomputer/PLC reads the data of the sensor 52 and controls the hoist to perform forward, reverse and brake operations;

Principle: Usually the drum 80 of the winch itself is in a braking state, so this end of the webbing 37 is fixed. When the first power end (the left half shaft of the differential) rotates at high speed, the third power end (the right half shaft of the differential) needs to absorb more power, and the third power end drives the drum 11 to rotate, thus pulling the cable 69, The third tension spring 85 is pulled, thereby converting the excess power of the first power end into the elastic potential energy of the third tension spring 85 . When the left half shaft does not rotate, under the tension of the third tension spring 85, the drum 11 reverses and drives the third power end of the differential to reverse. Due to the anti-return pawl 2, the left half shaft cannot reverse. Therefore, the power returned from the third power end is only supplied to the second power end, that is, the spherical shell 4, to drive the generator G. Adjusting the tension of the third tension spring 85 can adjust the working torque of the right half shaft, the working torque of the main shaft 27 and the working load of the WEC. When the load needs to be increased, an instruction is sent to the MCU, and the MCU controls the hoist drum 80 to rotate and pull the webbing 37, thus pulling one end of the third tension spring 85 to make the third tension spring 85 have a greater pulling force. During this process, the MCU also monitors changes in torque through the torque sensor 52, and immediately turns off the motor 35 of the winch once it reaches a predetermined value. When the load needs to be adjusted down, an instruction is sent to the MCU, and the MCU controls the rotation of the winch drum 80, pays out the webbing 37, and shortens the third tension spring 85, so that the tension of the third tension spring 85 becomes smaller. During this process, the MCU also monitors changes in torque through the torque sensor 52, and immediately turns off the motor 35 of the winch once it reaches a predetermined value.

Preferably, see Figure 16: the torque limiter 19 is inserted between the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism and the overrunning clutch, that is, the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism (in the figure, the ring sprocket 50 drives the roller sprocket 64 through the chain transmission 76) The output end is axially connected to one end of the torque limiter 19 through the main shaft, and the other end of the torque limiter 19 is axially connected to one end of the overrunning clutch 1 . Figure 14 shows the application of friction clutch 1, which has its own overload protection function. Once it is overloaded, it will slip.

Principle, see Figure 16: The function of the torque limiter 19 is protection. Sometimes there are several large waves in a short period of time at sea, which makes it difficult for the energy storage and load regulation device to receive so much energy. The hydraulic cylinder/cylinder may be compressed to the end, or the air bag of the accumulator may be compressed to the limit, or the tension spring may be stretched. To the limit, if the first power end continues to rotate, damage will occur, so a torque limiter 19 is added. When the spindle torque exceeds a certain value, the torque limiter will slip to avoid damaging the machine.

Preferably, see Figure 15: the MCU/PLC of the energy storage load regulation device can receive external control commands through the external antenna 43; it can also automatically perform load regulation based on the data from the pressure/torque sensor (if the wave is too small and the wave force is small, The rotation range of the third power end is also small, and the movement range of the hydraulic cylinder/cylinder piston/reel 11 in Figure 14 is small, which will be monitored by the pressure/torque sensor, and vice versa. MCU/PLC can make a decision through a period of data analysis Determine whether the wave is big or small.)

Preferably, see Figure 16: For an energy storage load regulation device including a cylinder/hydraulic cylinder 12, a position sensor 47 for monitoring the piston position is installed on the cylinder/hydraulic cylinder 12, and the position sensor 47 sends a signal to the MCU or PLC. Because the data measured by the pressure sensor 44 is affected by the piston position, the MCU or PLC needs to combine the data from the position sensor 47 and the pressure sensor 44 to accurately understand the current system status.

The differential/planetary gear + energy storage load regulation device in this section is also suitable for other occasions where unstable speed needs to be stabilized.

The equipment cabin and buoy/float shells in this manual can be made of steel shells sprayed with anti-rust paint, or made of fiberglass shells. The ropes can be made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. All required bearings (including fairleads/ Double-roller fairleads, directional casters) can use corrosion-resistant copper-based graphite self-lubricating bearings. The wheel body materials of directional rollers, fairleads/double-roller fairleads can be polyurethane/nylon/rubber, and gravity anchors and weights can be used. , The counterweight can be made of cement/cast iron, and the submersible mark can be made of foam materials such as expanded polystyrene.

Claims (8)

1. A floating body rope sheave wave energy acquisition system is characterized in that: comprises a floating body, a gravity anchor, a linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, a main shaft and a counterweight; the floating body floats on the sea surface, and the gravity anchors under the water below the floating body;

There are two types of linear rotation conversion transmission mechanisms: a main reel, a main rope, a secondary reel, a secondary rope, or a friction wheel;

when the main winding drum, the main rope, the auxiliary winding drum and the auxiliary rope are adopted for the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, the structure of the floating body rope wheel wave energy acquisition system is as follows: one end of a main rope is tied on the gravity anchor, the other end of the main rope upwards extends upwards after passing through a rope guider arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and finally, the main rope is wound and fixed on a main winding drum, a main shaft of the main winding drum is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat, the main winding drum and an auxiliary winding drum are connected through a main shaft or are linked through a gear or chain transmission mechanism, an auxiliary rope is fixed and wound on the auxiliary winding drum, and the other end of the auxiliary rope downwards extends and is tied on a counterweight; the tension of the auxiliary rope is opposite to the torque generated by the main shaft due to the tension of the main rope; the main winding drum outputs rotary power outwards through a main shaft of the main winding drum;

when the friction wheel and the rope type are adopted for the linear rotation conversion transmission mechanism, the floating body rope wheel wave energy collection system has the structure that: one end of a rope is connected with a gravity anchor, the other end of the rope upwards extends after passing through a cable guide device arranged at the bottom of the floating body, and downwards extends after bypassing the friction wheel, and then is tied with a counterweight; the friction wheel is a wheel provided with a groove in a turning mode, and the friction coefficient of the surface of the groove is large; the friction wheel outputs rotary power through a shaft thereof, and the shaft is arranged on the floating body through a bearing and a bearing seat;

The ropes of the section between the main rope, the gravity anchor and the friction wheel are collectively called as energy collecting ropes, and the ropes of the section between the auxiliary rope, the counterweight and the friction wheel are collectively called as resetting ropes;

the energy collection cable also comprises a hard straight pipe, wherein the energy collection cable passes through the hard straight pipe; the top end opening of the hard straight pipe is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body through the rubber pipe, namely the top end opening of the hard straight pipe is in butt joint with one end opening of the rubber pipe, and the other end opening of the rubber pipe is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body; or the top end of the hard straight pipe is connected with the bottom surface of the floating body through ropes, namely the left side and the right side of the upper port of the hard straight pipe are respectively connected with one ends of two ropes, the two ropes are separated in a forked mode, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the bottom surface of the floating body; a distance is reserved between the bottom end of the hard straight pipe and the anchor base;

or the hard straight pipe is replaced by a telescopic multi-stage sleeve, the energy collecting rope passes through the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, and the top port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body through the rubber pipe, namely: the top end opening of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is in butt joint with one end of a rubber tube, and the other end opening of the rubber tube is in butt joint with the bottom hole of the floating body; or, the telescopic multistage sleeve is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body through a rope, namely: the left side and the right side of the upper port of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve are respectively connected with one end of two ropes, the two ropes are separated, and the other ends of the two ropes are connected to the bottom surface of the floating body;

The bottom end opening of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve is connected to the gravity anchor in the same mode, namely by butt joint of rubber tubes or by ropes.

2. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: the counterweight is connected with the reset rope through a second tension spring, namely one end of the second tension spring is connected with the counterweight, and the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the reset rope.

3. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 2, wherein: the spiral wire of the second tension spring is sleeved with the rubber tube.

4. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: the friction wheel is 2 to constitute friction wheel group, specifically: the friction wheel is connected with the gear shaft, the friction wheel, the gear, the shaft and the bearing seat thereof form a friction wheel gear unit, the shaft is arranged on the frame on the floating body through the bearing and the bearing seat, the 2 identical friction wheel gear units are parallel in axis, same in direction, aligned in end face and arranged on the frame in a close way, the gears of the two friction wheel gear units are meshed, but the size of each friction wheel is smaller than that of the gear, so that the friction wheels do not interfere with each other; the shaft of one of the friction wheel gear units of the friction wheel group outputs power, and the rope sequentially winds around the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit, wherein the winding is opposite to the direction of winding the rope around the first friction wheel and the direction of winding the rope around the second friction wheel in the forward running.

5. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 2, wherein: the second tension spring is connected with one rope in parallel, namely one end of the second tension spring is connected with one end of the rope, the other end of the second tension spring is connected with the other end of the rope, and the length of the rope is equal to the length of the second tension spring when the second tension spring is allowed to be stretched to the maximum.

6. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: the main rope/rope passes through a cable guide arranged at the opening at the bottom end of the rigid pipe; a double-roller chock/linear ball bearing is arranged in the hard straight pipe.

7. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 1, wherein: for the telescopic multi-stage sleeve, the energy collecting rope passes through the cable guide installed at the inlets at the two ends of the top and the bottom of the telescopic multi-stage sleeve.

8. The floating body sheave wave energy harvesting system of claim 4, wherein: and then 1 to several identical friction gear units are sequentially added, the friction gear units are all installed according to the rules of parallel axial lines, same direction, aligned end faces and close to each other, the gears of each friction gear unit are meshed with the gears of the previous friction gear unit, one rope meanders around the friction wheel of each friction gear unit according to the adding sequence, and the whole friction wheel set still only has the shaft output power of one friction gear unit.