CN109652786B - Coloring method and device based on metal material surface coloring technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coloring method and device based on the surface coloring technology of metal materials. According to the oxidizable characteristics of the material to be processed, the material in the area to be processed is heated by a low-power laser, an auxiliary oxidizing gas is used as an oxidant, and a low-power laser is used to heat the material in the area to be processed. The instantaneous high temperature generated by the nanosecond pulsed laser causes a rapid and controllable oxidation reaction between the material and the oxidant in the area to be processed. After the laser causes the surface of the material to undergo controllable oxidation, a transparent or translucent oxide layer film will be produced. According to the photochemical action and The thin film interference effect, due to the selection of different laser parameters, will show different colors on the surface of the material after processing. The method and device provided by the present invention can realize the coloring processing of the surface of titanium alloy and other materials or the surface of jewelry, play the role of protecting the internal metal, and can improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the metal or jewelry.

Description

A coloring method and device based on metal material surface coloring technology

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of advanced manufacturing, in particular to a coloring method and device based on the surface coloring technology of metal materials.

Background technique

With the increasing progress of production and life, people have put forward higher and higher requirements for the processing of aviation metal materials and jewelry materials. For example, in the manufacture of aerospace materials, the surface of the processed material is required to have certain optical properties; in the field of medical devices, there are certain requirements for its color characteristics; in the jewelry industry and other fields, the decorative and durable appearance of the material is required. Grinding and corrosion resistance put forward certain requirements. Therefore, a colored film layer is prepared on the surface of metal materials and jewelry materials, and a colored oxide layer film can be obtained by surface coloring, which can improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of aviation metal materials and jewelry materials.

At present, the surface coloring of metal and jewelry materials mainly adopts electric spark coloring technology. The main principle is to use the electrolysis formed by wire cutting discharge to form a layer of translucent oxide film with different thicknesses on the surface of metal materials. The color of the film layer is also different, therefore, the desired color can be obtained by controlling the thickness of the film layer. The surface of the metal material obtained by EDM has strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is used for small batch processing, but its disadvantage is that it cannot be used on the metal surface of aerospace workpieces with large area and complex structure and the surface of jewelry materials. In the process of EDM, there are problems such as complicated device, serious electrode loss, secondary discharge, low processing efficiency, low coloring quality and large heat-affected zone.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coloring method and device based on metal material surface coloring technology, in order to solve the problem that the existing electric spark coloring method is not suitable for large-area surface coloring of materials, the coloring device is complicated, the electrode wear is serious, there is secondary discharge, The problems of low processing efficiency, low coloring quality and large heat affected zone.

For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the following scheme:

A coloring device based on a metal material surface coloring technology, the coloring device comprising: a computer (1), a laser (2), a beam expander (3), an X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), a focusing lens (5), a laser A light spot (6), a jet pipe (7), a jet pipe valve (8), a workpiece (9) and a workbench (10);

The computer (1) is respectively connected with the laser (2), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the worktable (10); the beam expander (3) is arranged on the laser (2) The X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) is arranged on the outgoing light path of the beam expander (3); the focusing lens (5) is arranged on the outgoing light of the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4). on the road; the workpiece (9) is fixed on the workbench (10); the air injection pipe (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the workbench (10); the air injection pipe valve (8) is arranged on the on the jet pipe (7);

When the coloring device is in operation, the laser beam emitted by the laser (2) sequentially passes through the beam expander (3), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the focusing lens (5) to form the laser a light spot (6); the laser light spot (6) is focused on the material in the area to be processed on the surface of the workpiece (9); the oxidant sprayed by the air jet pipe (7) is concentrated at the laser light spot (6); Under the action of the laser, the temperature of the material in the to-be-processed area rises rapidly, and then undergoes an oxidation reaction with the oxidant to generate a corresponding colored oxide layer film.

Optionally, the laser (2) is a nanosecond pulsed laser.

Optionally, the laser power of the laser beam generated by the laser (2) is less than or equal to 7W.

Optionally, the oxidant is oxygen.

Optionally, the material of the region to be processed is a metal material.

A coloring method based on metal material surface coloring technology, the coloring method is applied to the coloring device; the coloring method comprises:

prepare the workpiece to be processed;

Preprocessing the workpiece to be processed to generate a processed workpiece;

Fix the processed workpiece on the workbench, turn on the laser, adjust the relative position of the laser lens and the processed workpiece surface, so that the laser spot is focused on the material to be processed on the processed workpiece surface superior;

Open the jet tube valve, set the laser parameters and the gas flow of the jet tube;

The material in the area to be processed is heated by the laser beam emitted by the laser, and auxiliary oxidizing gas is used as the oxidant, and the instantaneous high temperature generated by the laser is used to make the material in the area to be processed and the oxidant undergo rapid and controllable oxidation reaction, so that the The surface of the workpiece to be processed produces oxide layer films of different colors.

Optionally, the preprocessing of the workpiece to be processed to generate a processed workpiece specifically includes:

The workpiece to be processed is ground, then polished with a polishing agent, and then ultrasonically cleaned in an anhydrous ethanol solution to remove impurities and organic stains on the surface of the workpiece to generate a processed workpiece.

Optionally, the opening of the jet pipe valve, setting the laser parameters and the gas flow rate of the jet pipe specifically include:

Open the jet pipe valve, and adjust the gas flow rate of the jet pipe to a preset flow rate by adjusting the jet pipe valve;

The laser parameters are set by computer; the laser parameters include laser power, spot diameter, scanning speed and frequency of the laser beam emitted by the laser.

According to the specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

The invention provides a coloring method and device based on the surface coloring technology of metal materials, which utilizes the interaction characteristics of high-energy laser beams and substances to adjust the laser parameters during laser processing through a computer, and irradiates the surface of the workpiece to be processed by the laser. The material is supplied with industrial oxygen at the same time, and the flow rate of the oxidant is controlled by the valve of the jet pipe, so that the oxidation rate can be accurately controlled, and the controllable oxidation of the surface of the material induced by nanosecond laser can be realized. The method and the device of the present invention have the incomparable advantages of the electric spark coloring method, and the main advantages are as follows:

(1) The nanosecond laser beam is easy to focus, diverge and guide, and the laser parameters including frequency, scanning speed and energy density can be adjusted by computer-controlled SAMlight software, which can be applied to the coloring of different metal surfaces and jewelry materials. Require;

(2) In the process of nanosecond laser-induced controllable oxidation coloring process, there is no problem of electrode loss and secondary discharge in the process of spark coloring, which greatly improves the coloring accuracy; since the oxidation temperature of the processed material is below the melting point, the oxidation reaction The required laser power is much lower than the laser power required for laser processing or laser heating to assist softening of materials, so the heat-affected zone generated by the laser is relatively small; because the laser beam moves very fast during the processing, and the laser beam irradiates the material to be The surface of the processed material is irradiated in a local area, which will not affect the non-laser irradiated area;

(3) The rate of the oxidation reaction can be accurately controlled by adjusting the parameters of the laser and the oxidant, and the process is highly controllable, and has the characteristics of higher efficiency and higher quality.

(4) The coloring device of the present invention has a simple structure, and the worktable can be flexibly moved through computer control, which is suitable for complex and large-area aviation metal workpieces and the surface coloring of expensive jewelry materials, and can improve the surface resistance of aviation metal materials and jewelry materials. Abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and optical performance, and have the characteristics of high production efficiency, easy automation, clean and environmental protection.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coloring device based on a metal material surface coloring technology provided by the present invention;

The labels in the figure are: computer (1), laser (2), beam expander (3), X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), focusing lens (5), laser spot (6), jet tube (7), spray Trachea valve (8), workpiece (9) and workbench (10);

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the scanning path of the nanosecond laser spot provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coloring method and device based on metal material surface coloring technology, in order to solve the problem that the existing electric spark coloring method is not suitable for large-area surface coloring of materials, the coloring device is complicated, the electrode wear is serious, there is secondary discharge, The problems of low processing efficiency, low coloring quality and large heat affected zone.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coloring device based on a metal material surface coloring technology provided by the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the coloring device includes: a computer (1), a laser (2), a beam expander (3), an X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), a focusing lens (5), a laser spot (6), a jet tube ( 7), the jet pipe valve (8), the workpiece (9) and the workbench (10).

The computer (1) is respectively connected with the laser (2), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the worktable (10); the functions of the computer (1) include: (a) the computer (1) adjusting the laser parameters of the laser (2) during laser processing by the SAMlight software installed on the computer (1); (b) using the computer (1) to control the scanning galvanometer on the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) Angle, so that the scanning galvanometer is deflected along the X and Y axes according to the needs, so as to realize the deflection of the laser beam, so that the laser beam with a certain power density is focused on the material to be processed and moves according to the required requirements; (c) Control the worktable ( 10) move.

The beam expander (3) is arranged on the outgoing optical path of the laser (2); the function of the beam expander (3) is to change the diameter and divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser (2). The X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) is arranged on the outgoing optical path of the beam expander (3); the laser beam is incident on the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) through the expansion mirror (3), and is controlled by the computer (1) The angle of the scanning galvanometer, the scanning galvanometer can be deflected along the X and Y axes respectively, so as to achieve the deflection of the laser beam, so that the laser with a certain power density is focused on the surface of the workpiece (9) to be processed and moves according to the required requirements. The focusing lens (5) is arranged on the outgoing light path of the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4); the focusing lens (5) enables the laser beam emitted by the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) to form on the surface of the workpiece material to be processed Focus.

The workpiece (9) is fixed on the worktable (10); when processing different positions of the workpiece (9), the computer (1) is used to control and adjust the movement of the worktable (10), thereby driving the workpiece (9) Common movement. The air injection pipe (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the workbench (10), and the relative position of the air injection pipe (7) and the laser spot (6) remains unchanged. The jet pipe valve (8) is fixed on the jet pipe (7); by controlling the rotation direction of the jet pipe valve (8), the gas flow rate (flow parameter) ejected from the jet pipe (7) is adjusted.

When the coloring device is in operation, the workpiece (9) to be processed is fixed on the worktable (10), and the laser beam emitted by the laser (2) passes through the beam expander (3) and the X-Y scanning vibration in sequence. The laser light spot (6) is formed after the mirror (4) and the focusing lens (5); the laser light spot (6) is focused on the material of the area to be processed on the surface of the workpiece (9); the jet pipe ( 7) The ejected oxidant always converges at the laser spot (6); the relative position of the jet pipe (7) and the laser spot (6) remains unchanged. The air injection pipe (7) is provided with an air injection pipe valve (8), through which the flow of oxygen is controlled. Under the action of the laser, the temperature of the material in the to-be-processed area will rise rapidly, and then a rapid oxidation reaction occurs with the oxidant to generate a corresponding colored oxide layer film.

Wherein, the laser (2) is preferably a nanosecond pulsed laser. The laser power of the laser beam generated by the laser (2) does not exceed 7W. The oxidant is oxygen. The material of the region to be processed is a metal material, preferably a titanium alloy material.

The coloring device uses a laser as a heat source, irradiates the surface of the material to be processed, and supplies auxiliary oxygen to the surface of the workpiece to accelerate the oxidation to form a colored oxide layer film. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the scanning path of the nanosecond laser spot provided by the present invention. The scanning path of the nanosecond laser spot of the present invention is completed by line scanning. In the device of the present invention, the diameter of the nanosecond laser spot is fixed at 57 μm, the laser repetition frequency is selected as 20 kHz, and the scanning interval is selected as 10 μm. In the process of nanosecond laser-induced controllable oxide metal surface coloring, the oxidation process mainly considers two main factors of laser: laser energy density and laser overlap rate. The laser energy density is controlled by controlling the average power of the nanosecond laser, and the laser overlap rate (pulse overlap rate and scan path overlap rate) is controlled by adjusting the scanning speed. The average laser power and scanning speed (laser parameters of the laser (2)) are adjusted by controlling the SAMlight software through the computer (1) device.

Based on the coloring device provided by the present invention, the present invention also provides a coloring method based on a metal material surface coloring technology, the coloring method comprising:

Step 1: Prepare the workpiece to be processed; the workpiece to be processed may be an aviation metal material workpiece.

Step 2: Preprocessing the workpiece to be processed to generate a processed workpiece.

The workpiece to be processed is ground, then polished with a polishing agent, and then ultrasonically cleaned in an anhydrous ethanol solution to remove impurities and organic stains on the surface of the workpiece to generate a processed workpiece.

Preferably, the workpiece material to be processed is polished with 320#-2000# water sandpaper successively, and then polished with a high-efficiency diamond polishing agent with a particle size of 1 μm to make the surface roughness Ra≤0.3 μm, and then ultrasonically cleaned in anhydrous ethanol solution 10-15min to remove impurities and organic stains on the surface and generate processed workpieces.

Step 3: Fix the treated workpiece on the workbench, turn on the laser, adjust the relative position of the laser lens and the treated workpiece surface, so that the laser spot is focused on the treated workpiece surface to be On the material in the processing area, the adjustment of the focal length of the laser is realized;

Step 4: Open the valve of the jet tube, set the laser parameters and the gas flow of the jet tube.

Open the jet pipe valve, and adjust the gas flow rate of the jet pipe to a preset flow rate by adjusting the jet pipe valve; preferably, the preset flow rate is 5L/min.

The laser parameters are set by the computer; the laser parameters include the laser power, spot diameter, scanning speed and frequency of the laser beam emitted by the laser, and may also include the pulse width. The laser power does not exceed 7W, preferably 3.2W; the spot diameter is preferably 57μm, the pulse width is preferably 100ns, and the frequency is preferably 20KHz.

Step 5: According to the oxidation characteristics of the material in the area to be processed on the surface of the workpiece, the material in the area to be processed is heated by the laser beam emitted by the laser, and an auxiliary oxidizing gas is used as an oxidant, and the instantaneous high temperature generated by the laser is used to make the area to be processed. The material undergoes a rapid and controllable oxidation reaction with the oxidant, and the rate of the oxidation reaction is controlled by adjusting the parameters of the laser and the oxidant, so that the surface of the workpiece to be processed produces oxide layer films of different colors.

Step 6: Close the laser and jet tube valves.

Aiming at the limitations of the existing electric spark coloring methods, the present invention provides a method and device for nanosecond laser-induced surface coloring of controllable oxidized metal materials on the basis of combining with traditional laser processing methods. The device and method of the invention are combined with computer technology, utilize the characteristics of interaction between high-energy laser beam and matter, and control the SAMlight software through the computer to adjust the parameters during laser processing, and when the laser irradiates the central area of the surface of the metal material to be processed By supplying industrial oxygen, the oxygen flow rate is controlled by the jet pipe valve, so that the oxidation rate can be accurately controlled, and the nanosecond laser-induced surface controllable oxidation of metal materials can be realized. The method and the device have the incomparable advantages of the electric spark coloring method. The main advantages are:

1. Because the nanosecond laser has the characteristics of short pulse time, small spot size, good time and space control, and high energy density and power density, it can oxidize most metals and non-metallic substances, so it is suitable for various It is suitable for the coloring processing of various metal materials (titanium alloy, cemented carbide, stainless steel, etc.), especially suitable for the coloring processing of the surface of aviation metal structural parts and the surface of jewelry materials such as gold and silver.

2. The nanosecond laser beam is easy to focus, diverge and guide. The laser parameters including frequency, scanning speed and energy density can be adjusted by computer-controlled SAMlight software, which can adapt to the coloring processing requirements of different colors on the surface of different metal materials.

3. In the process of nanosecond laser-induced controllable oxidation coloring process, there is no problem of electrode loss and secondary discharge in the process of spark coloring, which can greatly improve the coloring accuracy.

4. Since the oxidation temperature of the material is below the melting point, the laser power required for the oxidation reaction is much lower than the laser power required for laser processing or laser heating to assist softening the material, so the heat-affected zone generated by the laser is relatively small.

5. Since the laser beam moves very fast during the processing, and the laser beam irradiates the surface of the material to be processed is a local area, it will not affect the non-laser irradiation area.

6. The rate of the oxidation reaction can be accurately controlled by adjusting the parameters of the laser and the oxidant, and the process is highly controllable, so the method of the present invention has the characteristics of high efficiency and high quality.

7. The device of the present invention has a simple structure, and the worktable can be flexibly moved through computer control, which is suitable for complex and large-area aviation metal structural parts and the surface coloring of expensive jewelry materials, and can realize aviation difficult-to-machine materials (titanium alloys), jewelry and other materials. The coloring process of the surface improves the optical properties of aviation difficult-to-machine materials (titanium alloys) and jewelry surfaces, improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of titanium alloys and jewelry surfaces, and presents different colors, with high production efficiency and easy automation. , and more clean and environmentally friendly.

The method and device of the present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG.

Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is mainly composed of Ti, Al and V and other elements, the melting point is 1643 ° C, and the oxides are mainly TiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ . Under the coupling action of laser and oxygen, the surface material of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is in contact with the oxygen ejected from the jet pipe; the oxygen molecules get electrons from the surface metal atoms; the negatively charged oxygen ions combine with the positively charged metal ions and move toward the inside of the metal. Diffusion, after the laser is irradiated on the metal surface, a transparent or semi-transparent oxide film will be formed. When a beam of light is irradiated on the surface of the transparent or semi-transparent film, part of the light will be reflected on the upper surface of the film, and the other part will enter the film. Reflection occurs on the lower surface of the film and emerges from the upper surface, where it meets the previous beam. The two beams of light are separated from the same column of light and are coherent light. When they are in the same phase, the reflectivity is maximized, and when they are out of phase, they cancel out, making the reflectivity smaller. When other conditions are the same, the phase difference of coherent light of different wavelengths at the same incident angle is different, and their reflectivity is also different, thus forming a specific oxide color.

The process for surface coloring of Ti6Al4V (titanium six aluminum four vanadium) titanium alloy using the device and method of the present invention is as follows:

Step 1: Study the distribution of the temperature field under the action of the laser by means of finite element simulation, and study the color change range of the oxide layer film of the workpiece material under different laser parameters and oxygen flow rates according to the distribution of the temperature field and the experimental method. Color variation range to determine test parameters (laser parameters and gas flow).

Step 2: Pretreatment of the workpiece material, the workpiece material is polished with 320#-2000# water sandpaper successively, and then polished with a high-efficiency diamond polishing agent with a particle size of 1 μm to make the surface roughness Ra≤0.3 μm, and then in anhydrous ethanol solution. Ultrasonic cleaning for 10-15min to remove impurities and organic stains on the surface;

Step 3: Fix the workpiece on the worktable, turn on the laser, and adjust the relative position of the laser lens and the surface of the workpiece, so that the laser spot is focused on the surface to be processed, and the focal length of the laser can be adjusted;

Step 4: Open the jet pipe valve, set the parameters of the oxidizing gas flow and the laser parameters, the laser parameters include laser power, spot diameter, pulse width, frequency and scanning speed, wherein the laser power is preferably 3.2W, and the spot diameter is 57 μm , the pulse width is 100ns, the frequency is 20KHz, and the oxygen flow rate is 5L/min (different laser parameters will get different oxide film colors);

The laser power and frequency parameters are set by the computer (1) controlling the SAMlight software. The parameters of the oxidizing gas flow (the magnitude of the gas flow) are adjusted by means of the lance valve (8).

Step 5: According to the oxidation characteristics of the material in the area to be processed on the surface of the workpiece, the material in the area to be processed is heated by the laser, and the auxiliary oxidizing gas is used as the oxidant, and the instantaneous high temperature generated by the laser is used to make the material in the area to be processed and the oxidant quickly and controllably generate Oxidation reaction, the rate of oxidation reaction is controlled according to the adjusted laser and oxidant parameters, so that the surface of the workpiece to be processed is subjected to laser-induced controllable oxidation to produce a colored oxide layer film;

Step 6: Close the laser and jet tube valves.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as the invention. protected range.

In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the present invention There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A colouring device based on the surface colouring technique of metallic materials, characterized in that it comprises: the device comprises a computer (1), a laser (2), a beam expander (3), an X-Y scanning galvanometer (4), a focusing lens (5), a laser spot (6), a gas injection pipe (7), a gas injection pipe valve (8), a workpiece (9) and a workbench (10);

the computer (1) is respectively connected with the laser (2), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the workbench (10); the beam expander (3) is arranged on an emergent light path of the laser (2); the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) is arranged on an emergent light path of the beam expanding lens (3); the focusing lens (5) is arranged on an emergent light path of the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4); the workpiece (9) is fixed on the workbench (10); the gas injection pipe (7) is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench (10); the gas injection pipe valve (8) is arranged on the gas injection pipe (7); the laser power of the laser beam generated by the laser (2) is less than or equal to 7W;

when the coloring device works, laser beams emitted by the laser (2) sequentially pass through the beam expander (3), the X-Y scanning galvanometer (4) and the focusing lens (5) to form the laser spots (6); the laser spot (6) is focused on a material of a region to be processed on the surface of the workpiece (9); the oxidant sprayed by the gas spraying pipe (7) is converged at the laser spot (6); under the action of laser, the temperature of the material in the area to be processed is rapidly raised, and then the material and the oxidant are subjected to oxidation reaction to generate a corresponding oxide layer film endowed with colors.

2. A tinting device according to claim 1, in which the laser (2) is a nanosecond pulsed laser.

3. The coloring device according to claim 1, wherein the oxidizing agent is oxygen.

4. The coloring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material of the area to be processed is a metal material.

5. A colouring method based on the surface colouring technique of metallic materials, characterized in that it is based on a colouring device according to claim 1; the coloring method comprises the following steps:

preparing a workpiece to be processed;

preprocessing the workpiece to be processed to generate a processed workpiece, and specifically comprises the following steps:

sequentially grinding a workpiece material to be processed by using 320# -2000# waterproof abrasive paper, then polishing by using a high-efficiency diamond polishing agent with the granularity of 1 micron to ensure that the surface roughness Ra is less than or equal to 0.3 micron, and then ultrasonically cleaning in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for 10-15min to remove impurities and organic matter stains on the surface to generate a processed workpiece;

fixing the processed workpiece on a workbench, turning on a laser, and adjusting the relative position of a lens of the laser and the surface of the processed workpiece to focus laser spots on a material of a region to be processed on the surface of the processed workpiece;

opening a gas ejector valve, and setting laser parameters and gas flow of a gas ejector; the gas injection pipe is fixedly arranged on one side of the workbench, and the relative position of the gas injection pipe and the laser facula is kept unchanged; the gas ejector pipe valve is fixedly connected to the gas ejector pipe; the flow of the gas sprayed by the gas spraying pipe is adjusted by controlling the rotation direction of a valve of the gas spraying pipe;

the gas ejector valve is opened, the laser parameters and the gas flow of the gas ejector are set, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

opening a gas ejector valve, and adjusting the gas flow of the gas ejector to a preset flow by adjusting the gas ejector valve; the preset flow is 5L/min;

setting laser parameters through a computer; the laser parameters comprise laser power, spot diameter, scanning speed and frequency of laser beams emitted by a laser; wherein the laser power does not exceed 7W; the diameter of the light spot is 57 mu m, the pulse width is 100ns, and the frequency is 20 KHz;

the method comprises the steps of heating a material of a region to be processed by laser beams emitted by a laser, introducing auxiliary oxidizing gas as an oxidizing agent, and enabling the material of the region to be processed and the oxidizing agent to generate a rapid and controllable oxidation reaction by utilizing instant high temperature generated by the laser so as to generate oxide layer films with different colors on the surface of a workpiece to be processed.

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