CN109745123B - Guide sleeve and surgical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a guide sleeve and a surgical instrument. The guide sleeve comprises a main body and a limiting portion arranged at the proximal end of the main body, the limiting portion defines a third plane, the distal end of the main body defines a fourth plane, the center of the third plane has a third through hole, the center of the fourth plane has a fourth through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole are configured to allow a scalpel to pass therethrough and define an insertion path of the scalpel. In this way, the scalpel can be inserted into the patient's skin along the path defined by the guide sleeve, and the blade positioning will not be deviated due to the shaking of the doctor's hand.

Description

Guide sleeve and surgical instrument

Technical Field

The invention relates to a surgical instrument, in particular to a guide sleeve and a surgical instrument.

Background technique

In recent years, medical surgery has gradually developed towards minimally invasive surgery with smaller wounds, such as spinal pedicle screw fixation, spinal nail implantation, vertebroplasty, intervertebral disc/foraminal endoscopy, and other orthopedic surgeries such as pelvis and limbs. The advantages of minimally invasive surgery include small wounds, fast healing, less chance of infection and less blood loss. However, because the wound is smaller, the puncture and surgical positioning during the operation are required to be more precise.

The incision positioning, incision length, and incision depth of existing minimally invasive surgeries are basically guaranteed by doctors with years of clinical experience. During the operation, if the doctor's hands shake slightly, the incision positioning will be deviated. Similarly, the incision length and incision depth will also be deviated. Therefore, better surgical instruments must be used to improve the incision positioning method.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a guide sleeve and a surgical instrument, which can prevent deviation in blade positioning caused by shaking of the doctor's hands.

To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A guide sleeve comprises a main body and a limiting portion arranged at the proximal end of the main body, wherein the limiting portion defines a third plane, and the distal end of the main body defines a fourth plane, the center of the third plane has a third through hole, and the center of the fourth plane has a fourth through hole, and the third through hole and the fourth through hole are configured to allow a scalpel to pass therethrough and define an insertion path of the scalpel.

Preferably, the third through hole includes a third middle hole and two third side holes symmetrically arranged about the third middle hole, the third middle hole is adapted for the handle of the scalpel to pass therethrough, and the two third side holes are adapted for the blade of the scalpel to pass therethrough.

Preferably, the fourth through hole includes a fourth middle hole and two fourth side holes symmetrically arranged about the fourth middle hole, the fourth middle hole is adapted for the handle of the scalpel to pass therethrough, and the two fourth side holes are adapted for the blade of the scalpel to pass therethrough.

Preferably, the third plane and the fourth plane are parallel to each other, and an axis defined by a center of the third middle hole and a center of the fourth middle hole is perpendicular to the third plane and the fourth plane.

Preferably, the main body is cylindrical, the limiting portion is circular, and the diameter of the limiting portion is greater than the diameter of the main body.

Preferably, the main body is hollow.

The present invention also provides a surgical instrument, comprising the guide sleeve described in the above technical solution.

Preferably, a surgical path locator is further included, which includes a fifth plane and a sixth plane parallel to each other, the fifth plane is provided with a third annular member, the sixth plane is provided with a fourth annular member, the third annular member has a fifth through hole at the center, the fourth annular member has a sixth through hole at the center, the fifth through hole and the sixth through hole allow the main body of the guide sleeve to pass through and limit the passing of the limiting portion of the guide sleeve.

Preferably, the device further comprises a scalpel, wherein the scalpel is configured to allow passage through the third through hole and the fourth through hole of the guide sleeve.

Preferably, the scalpel comprises a handle and a blade, the handle having a blade mounting portion, the proximal end of the blade being assembled on the blade mounting portion, the handle being provided with a first through hole, the first through hole being configured to allow the assembly of a positioning member that limits the insertion depth of the blade.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the above-mentioned guide sleeve and surgical instrument, since the guide sleeve includes a main body and a limiting portion arranged at the proximal end of the main body, the limiting portion defines a third plane, the distal end of the main body defines a fourth plane, the center of the third plane has a third through hole, the center of the fourth plane has a fourth through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole are configured to allow a scalpel to pass therethrough and define an insertion path of the scalpel. In this way, the scalpel can be inserted into the patient's skin along the path defined by the guide sleeve, and the blade positioning will not be deviated due to the shaking of the doctor's hand.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a scalpel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a handle of a scalpel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a handle of a surgical knife assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a blade of a scalpel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a scalpel according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a handle of a scalpel according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a scalpel according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG8 is another schematic diagram of a scalpel according to another embodiment of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of a surgical path locator according to an embodiment of the present invention assembled at the end of a surgical device;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

11 is a schematic diagram of a surgical path locator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG12 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of B in FIG11;

FIG13 is another schematic diagram of a surgical path locator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG14 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of E in FIG13 ;

15 is a schematic diagram of a guide sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG16 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of C in FIG15 ;

FIG17 is another schematic diagram of the guide sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG18 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of D in FIG17;

FIG19 is another schematic diagram of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG20 is another schematic diagram of the surgical instrument according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the A-A section of Figure 20.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

For the convenience of description, in the specification and claims of the present application, the end of various instruments such as scalpels, guide sleeves, etc. that is close to the patient and away from the doctor when used in surgery is called the distal end, and the end opposite to the distal end that is away from the patient and close to the doctor is called the proximal end.

Embodiment 1

As shown in FIG1 , it is a scalpel 1 . The scalpel 1 comprises a handle 11 and a blade 12 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the handle 11 has a blade mounting portion 111 , and the proximal end of the blade 12 is assembled on the blade mounting portion 111 .

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the handle 11 is further provided with a first through hole 113 , and the first through hole 113 is configured to allow the assembly of a positioning member 13 that limits the insertion depth of the blade 12 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 4 , the blade 12 has a second through hole 121, the blade mounting portion 111 has a pin 112 adapted to the second through hole 121, and the first through hole 113 is arranged on the pin 112.

As shown in FIG2 , the pin 112 is generally in the shape of a long strip and is formed along the longitudinal direction of the handle 11. The number of the second through holes 113 is multiple, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., and the specific number can be determined according to actual needs. These second through holes 113 are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the pin 112.

Furthermore, the second through holes 113 are sequentially arranged at equal distances along the longitudinal direction of the pin 112 .

The second through hole 113 may be a square hole. In the concept of the invention, the second through hole 113 may also be other shapes, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the second through hole 113 may also be a round hole. For another example, the second through hole 113 may also be a triangular hole.

As shown in FIG. 4 , a straight, inwardly inclined blade is provided on both sides of the distal end of the blade 12 , respectively. The two blades are symmetrical about the longitudinal midline of the blade 12 , and the intersection of the two blades forms a blade tip.

In addition, although not shown in the figure, one of the pin 112 and the blade 12 is provided with a scale near the second through hole 113. When the pin 112 or the blade 12 has a scale, the doctor can control the depth of the blade 12 entering the subcutaneous tissue during surgery, which facilitates the doctor's surgical operation.

As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the blade 12 is screwed to the blade mounting portion 111. Specifically, the blade mounting portion 111 also has a first screw hole, and the proximal end of the blade 12 has a second screw hole adapted to the first screw hole, and the blade 12 is screwed to the blade mounting portion 111 through the first screw hole and the second screw hole.

Embodiment 2

As shown in FIG3 , it is a surgical knife assembly. The surgical knife assembly includes the surgical knife 1 described in the first embodiment. In addition, the surgical knife assembly also includes a positioning member 13 , and the positioning member 13 is configured to allow the first through hole 113 to pass through.

The positioning member 13 may be in a rod shape. In addition, under the conception of the invention, the second through hole 113 may also be in other shapes, for example, the positioning member 13 may also be in a sheet shape.

Embodiment 3

As shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, according to an embodiment of the present application, a surgical path locator 2 is provided, which is mounted on the end of a surgical device 23. The surgical device 23 may be a positioning device for assisting minimally invasive surgery, a surgical robot, etc.

As shown in Figure 10, the positioner 2 includes a first plane 21 and a second plane 22 which are parallel to each other. The first plane 21 is provided with a first annular member 211, and the second plane 22 is provided with a second annular member 221. The center of the first annular member 211 has a first through hole 212, and the center of the second annular member 221 has a second through hole 222. The first through hole 212 and the second through hole 222 are configured to allow the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough and limit the insertion path of the scalpel 1.

As shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, the first through hole 212 includes a first middle hole 2121 and two first side holes 2122 symmetrically arranged about the first middle hole 2121. The first middle hole 2121 is adapted for the handle 11 of the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough, and the two first side holes 2122 are adapted for the blade 12 of the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough.

As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the second through hole 222 includes a second middle hole 2221 and two second side holes 2222 symmetrically arranged about the second middle hole 2221. The second middle hole 2221 is adapted for the handle 11 of the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough, and the two second side holes 2222 are adapted for the blade 12 of the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough.

Preferably, an axis defined by a center of the first middle hole 2121 and a center of the second middle hole 2221 is perpendicular to the first plane 21 and the second plane 22 .

Embodiment 4

As shown in FIG10 , it is a surgical instrument, comprising the surgical path locator 2 described in Embodiment 3. The surgical instrument further comprises the scalpel 1 described in Embodiment 1, and the scalpel 1 can pass through the first through hole 212 and the second through hole 222 in the surgical path locator 2.

In addition, the surgical instrument further includes a positioning member 13 , and the positioning member 13 is configured to allow passing through the first through hole 113 .

The positioning member 13 may be in a rod shape. In addition, under the conception of the invention, the second through hole 113 may also be in other shapes, for example, the positioning member 13 may also be in a sheet shape.

Embodiment 5

As shown in Fig. 15 and Fig. 17, according to an embodiment of the present application, a guide sleeve 3 is provided. The guide sleeve 3 includes a main body 33 and a stopper 34 disposed at the proximal end of the main body 33. The stopper 34 defines a third plane 31, and the distal end of the main body 33 defines a fourth plane 32. The center of the third plane 31 has a third through hole 311, and the center of the fourth plane 32 has a fourth through hole 321. The third through hole 311 and the fourth through hole 321 are configured to allow a scalpel 1 to pass therethrough and define an insertion path of the scalpel 1.

The main body 33 is preferably cylindrical, the limiting portion 34 is preferably circular, and the diameter of the limiting portion 34 is larger than the diameter of the main body 33. Of course, under the conception of the present invention, the main body 33 and the limiting portion 34 can also be other shapes. For example, the main body 33 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the limiting portion 34 is a square.

As shown in Figure 16, the third through hole 311 includes a third middle hole 3111 and two third side holes 3112 symmetrically arranged about the third middle hole 3111. The third middle hole 3111 is adapted for the handle 11 of the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough, and the two third side holes 3112 are adapted for the blade 12 of the scalpel 1 to pass therethrough.

As shown in Figure 18, the fourth through hole 321 includes a fourth middle hole 3211 and two fourth side holes 3212 symmetrically arranged about the fourth middle hole 3211, the fourth middle hole 3211 is adapted for the handle 11 of the scalpel 1 to pass through it, and the two fourth side holes 3212 are adapted for the blade 12 of the scalpel 1 to pass through it.

Among them, the third plane 31 and the fourth plane 32 are parallel to each other, and the axis determined by the center of the third middle hole 3111 and the center of the fourth middle hole 3211 is perpendicular to the third plane 31 and the fourth plane 32.

Embodiment 6

As shown in Figures 19, 20 and 21, according to an embodiment of the present application, a surgical instrument is provided, which includes the guide sleeve 3 described in the fifth embodiment.

The surgical instrument further includes a surgical path locator 4. The surgical path locator 4 includes a fifth plane 41 and a sixth plane 42 which are parallel to each other, the fifth plane 41 is provided with a third annular member 411, the sixth plane 42 is provided with a fourth annular member 421, the third annular member 411 has a fifth through hole 412 at its center, the fourth annular member 421 has a sixth through hole 422 at its center, the fifth through hole 412 and the sixth through hole 422 allow the main body 33 of the guide sleeve 3 to pass through and restrict the limiting portion 34 of the guide sleeve 3 from passing through.

In addition, the surgical instrument further includes the surgical path locator 2 in the third embodiment and the surgical knife 1 in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 21 , preferably, the main body 33 of the guide sleeve 3 is hollow.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A surgical instrument, characterized in that it comprises a guide sleeve, a surgical path locator, a scalpel and a positioning member; The guide sleeve comprises a main body and a limiting portion arranged at the proximal end of the main body, the limiting portion defines a first plane, the distal end of the main body defines a second plane, the center of the first plane has a third through hole, the center of the second plane has a fourth through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole are configured to allow the scalpel to pass therethrough and define an insertion path of the scalpel; The surgical path locator comprises a third plane and a fourth plane parallel to each other, a third annular member is arranged on the third plane, a fourth annular member is arranged on the fourth plane, a fifth through hole is arranged at the center of the third annular member, a sixth through hole is arranged at the center of the fourth annular member, the fifth through hole and the sixth through hole allow the main body of the guide sleeve to pass through and restrict the limiting portion of the guide sleeve from passing through; The scalpel comprises a handle and a blade, wherein the handle has a blade mounting portion, the proximal end of the blade is assembled on the blade mounting portion, the handle is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole is configured to allow the assembly of the positioning member that limits the insertion depth of the blade; the blade has a second through hole, the blade mounting portion has a pin that is adapted to the second through hole, and the first through hole is arranged on the pin; the pin is formed along the longitudinal direction of the handle, the number of the first through holes is multiple, and they are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the pin, and the scalpel is configured to allow the scalpel to pass through the third through hole and the fourth through hole of the guide sleeve; The positioning member is configured to allow passing through the first through hole; The third through hole comprises a third middle hole and two third side holes symmetrically arranged about the third middle hole, the third middle hole is adapted for the handle of the scalpel to pass through, and the two third side holes are adapted for the blade of the scalpel to pass through; The fourth through hole comprises a fourth middle hole and two fourth side holes symmetrically arranged about the fourth middle hole, the fourth middle hole is adapted for the handle of the scalpel to pass therethrough, and the two fourth side holes are adapted for the blade of the scalpel to pass therethrough; The first plane and the second plane are parallel to each other, and an axis defined by a center of the third middle hole and a center of the fourth middle hole is perpendicular to the first plane and the second plane. 2 . The surgical instrument according to claim 1 , characterized in that the main body is cylindrical, the limiting portion is circular, and the diameter of the limiting portion is greater than the diameter of the main body. 3. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the main body is hollow.