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CN109756142B - Reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge and unidirectional bidirectional resonant converter based on the inverter bridge - Google Patents

Reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge and unidirectional bidirectional resonant converter based on the inverter bridge Download PDF

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CN109756142B
CN109756142B CN201910069148.3A CN201910069148A CN109756142B CN 109756142 B CN109756142 B CN 109756142B CN 201910069148 A CN201910069148 A CN 201910069148A CN 109756142 B CN109756142 B CN 109756142B
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CN109756142A (en
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王浩宇
李�诚
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ShanghaiTech University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种可重构H5逆变桥，直流侧输入电源一端连接电容一端、开关Sp1一端及开关Sp2一端，直流侧输入电源另一端连接电容另一端、开关Sp3一端及开关Sp4一端；开关Sp1另一端连接a相输出端及开关Sp5一端，开关Sp5另一端连接c相输出端及开关Sp3另一端，开关Sp2另一端连接b相输出端及开关Sp4另一端。本发明还提供基于可重构H5逆变桥的单、双向谐振变换器。本发明在取得超宽的电压调节范围的同时，保证了很窄的开关频率调节范围，避免了开关频率过高或过低引起的软开关特性丢失、调压能力下降、功率密度下降和效率降低等不良效果。能适应单双向的高功率传输，并保持良好的软开关性能。

Figure 201910069148

The present invention provides a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge. One end of the DC side input power supply is connected to one end of the capacitor, one end of the switch Sp1 and one end of the switch Sp2 , and the other end of the DC side input power supply is connected to the other end of the capacitor, one end of the switch Sp3 and the switch. One end of S p4 ; the other end of switch S p1 is connected to the output of phase a and one end of switch S p5 , the other end of switch S p5 is connected to the output of phase c and the other end of switch S p3 , the other end of switch S p2 is connected to the output of phase b and the other end of switch S the other end of p4 . The present invention also provides unidirectional and bidirectional resonant converters based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge. The present invention achieves an ultra-wide voltage regulation range and at the same time ensures a very narrow switching frequency regulation range, and avoids the loss of soft switching characteristics, voltage regulation capability drop, power density drop and efficiency drop caused by too high or too low switching frequency. and other adverse effects. It can adapt to unidirectional and bidirectional high power transmission and maintain good soft switching performance.

Figure 201910069148

Description

Reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge and single-directional resonant converter based on inverter bridge
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge and an ultra-wide gain single-directional and bidirectional resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge, and belongs to the technical field of isolated resonant converters.
Background
The isolated resonant converter has attracted attention in recent years due to its advantages of soft switching, electrical isolation, small electromagnetic interference, and the like. Among them, the LLC resonant isolated converter is most popular due to its advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, etc., and is widely used in the scenes with voltage regulation requirements, such as electric vehicles, communication power supplies, etc.
The traditional LLC type isolation converter resonant converter is generally based on an H4 type inverter bridge, and the voltage gain of the resonant converter is modulated by two-level square wave frequency output by the H4 type inverter bridge. Taking the H4 bridge converter as an example, in order to achieve a wide voltage regulation range, the switching frequency thereof also needs to operate in a wide range. However, an extremely wide frequency tuning range will result in:
1) the soft switching characteristics are lost. In the region lower than the resonant frequency, the voltage gain can be improved by reducing the frequency; however, when the resonant cavity operates in the capacitive region, the zero voltage turn-on (ZVS) characteristic of the primary side switching tube is lost; in the region above the resonant frequency, increasing the frequency can reduce the voltage gain; however, the zero current turn-off (ZCS) characteristic of the secondary side diode will be lost.
2) The voltage regulation capability is reduced. To obtain a normalized voltage gain of less than 1, the switching frequency needs to be greater than the resonant frequency, but in this region, the effect of switching frequency variation on voltage gain will decrease with increasing frequency.
3) The complexity of the design increases. The smaller ratio of the excitation inductance to the resonance inductance helps to improve the voltage regulation capability of the converter, but leads to the increase of the circulating current and the reduction of the conversion efficiency, so that the circuit parameter design becomes more complicated.
4) The magnetic element increases in volume. A higher voltage gain can be achieved by lowering the switching frequency, but a decrease in the lowest switching frequency will result in an increase in the volume of the magnetic element.
5) The conversion efficiency decreases. The further the switching frequency deviates, the less efficient the LLC resonant converter is at transferring energy to the secondary side.
Because of the above problems, it is necessary to improve the conventional frequency-modulated resonant circuit, increase the voltage-regulating capability and reduce the frequency-modulation range while maintaining the advantages thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to increase the voltage regulation capability and reduce the frequency modulation range of the traditional isolation resonant converter while keeping the advantages of soft switching, electrical isolation, small electromagnetic interference, simple structure, high efficiency and the like of the traditional isolation resonant converter.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge, which is characterized in that: comprises a DC side input power supply, one end of which is connected with a capacitor CAOne end, switch Sp1One terminal and switch Sp2One end of the direct current side input power supply and the other end of the direct current side input power supply are connected with a capacitor CAThe other end, switch Sp3One terminal and switch Sp4One end; switch Sp1The other end is connected with the a-phase output end and the switch Sp5One end, switch Sp5The other end is connected with the c-phase output end and the switch Sp3The other end, switch Sp2The other end is connected with a phase-b output end and a switch Sp4And the other end.
Preferably, the switch Sp1Switch Sp2Switch Sp3Switch Sp4Switch Sp5Are MOSFETs with body diodes.
The invention also provides a one-way resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge, which is characterized in that: the output of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected to two resonant cavities with different resonance parameters;
the a-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected with a resonant capacitor Cr1One terminal, resonant capacitor Cr1The other end is connected with a resonance inductor Lr1One terminal, resonant inductor Lr1The other end is connected with an excitation inductor Lm1One end and the positive side end of a transformer T1 with a center tap, and an excitation inductor Lm1The other end of the transformer T1 and the other end of the positive side of the transformer T1 are both connected with the b-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
the C-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected with a resonant capacitor Cr2One terminal, resonant capacitor Cr2The other end is connected with a resonance inductor Lr2One terminal, resonant inductor Lr2The other end is connected with an excitation inductor Lm2One end and the positive side end of a transformer T2 with a center tap, and an excitation inductor Lm2The other end of the transformer T2 and the other end of the positive side of the transformer T2 are both connected with the B-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
the secondary side of the transformer T1 is connected with a full-wave rectifier Ds1,s2Full wave rectifier Ds1,s2The rectified output is connected to an output capacitor CB1(ii) a The secondary side of the transformer T2 is connected with a full-wave rectifier Ds3,s4Full wave rectifier Ds3,s4The rectified output is connected to an output capacitor CB2(ii) a Output capacitor CB1And an output capacitor CB2Connected in series as a load RBAn output is provided.
Preferably, the turn ratio of the transformer T1 is np1:ns1:ns1The turn ratio of the transformer T2 is np2:ns2:ns2N is said np1,ns1,np2,ns2Are all positive integers.
Preferably, the amplitude of each resonant cavity is +/-V through adjusting the H5 inverter bridgeAOr 0 and VAThe resonant cavity works in a full-bridge mode or a half-bridge mode; vAAnd inputting the voltage value of the power supply to the direct current side.
The invention also provides a bidirectional resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge, which is characterized in that: the output of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected to two resonant cavities with different resonance parameters; the LLC resonant cavity at the upper part consists of a resonant capacitor Cr1Resonant inductor Lr1And an excitation inductor Lm1And a transformer T1 with a center tap, the lower resonant cavity is composed of a resonant capacitor Cr2Resonant inductor Lr2And an excitation inductor Lm2And a transformer T2 with a center tap;
the a-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected with a resonant capacitor Cr1One terminal, resonant capacitor Cr1The other end is connected with a resonance inductor Lr1One terminal, resonant inductor Lr1The other end is connected with an excitation inductor Lm1One end and the positive side end of a transformer T1 with a center tap, and an excitation inductor Lm1The other end of the transformer T1 and the other end of the positive side of the transformer T1 are both connected with the b-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
the C-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected with a resonant capacitor Cr2One terminal, resonant capacitor Cr2The other end is connected with a resonance inductor Lr2One terminal, resonant inductor Lr2The other end is connected with an excitation inductor Lm2One end and the positive side end of a transformer T2 with a center tap, and an excitation inductor Lm2The other end of the transformer T2 and the other end of the positive side of the transformer T2 are both connected with the b-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
one end of the secondary side of the transformer T1 is connected with an active switch Ss1One end of the transformer T1 is connected with the other end of the secondary side of the transformer S through an active switch Ss2One end, active switch Ss1The other end and an active switch Ss2The other end is connected with an output capacitor CB1One end of the transformer T1Inter-tap connected output capacitor CB1The other end;
one end of the secondary side of the transformer T2 is connected with an active switch Ss3One end of the transformer T2 is connected with the other end of the secondary side of the transformer S through an active switch Ss4One end, active switch Ss3The other end and an active switch Ss4The other end is connected with an output capacitor CB2One end of the transformer T2 is connected with an output capacitor C through a middle tapB2The other end;
output capacitor CB1The other end is connected with an output capacitor CB2One end, load RBAre respectively connected with an output capacitor CB1One terminal and an output capacitor CB2And the other end.
Preferably, in the forward energy transfer mode, the switch S is actives1～Ss4Used as a synchronous rectification switch tube and is controlled by an active switch Ss1～Ss4The resonant cavity works in a normal-on mode, a normal-off mode or a frequency modulation mode, so that the resonant cavity works in a full-bridge mode or a half-bridge mode.
Preferably, in the forward energy transfer mode, the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge can be combined to generate 6 configurations, specifically as follows:
let VAInputting the voltage value of the power supply, v, to the DC sideabIs the output voltage of the upper resonator, vbcIs the output voltage of the lower resonant cavity;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 1: sp1、Sp5Normally off, Sp3Is normally on, Sp2、Sp4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, vabIs 0, vbcTo amplitude of 0 and VAThe two-level signal of (2); the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the voltage gain of the resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode at the lower part;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 2: sp3、Sp5Normally off, Sp1Is normally on, Sp2、Sp4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone; v. ofabTo amplitude of 0 and VAOf two-level signals vbcIs 0; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 3: sp5Normally off, Sp1、Sp3Is normally on, Sp2、Sp4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone; v. ofabAnd vbcAre both amplitude values of 0 and VAThe two-level signal of (2); the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gains of the upper resonant cavity and the lower resonant cavity which work in a half-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 4: sp1Is normally on, Sp2、Sp3And Sp4、Sp5Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone; v. ofabTo amplitude of 0 and VAOf two-level signals, vbcIs an amplitude of + -VAThe two-level signal of (2); the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode and the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in a full-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 5: sp3Is normally on, Sp2、Sp5And Sp1、Sp4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone; v. ofabIs an amplitude of + -VAOf two-level signals, vbcTo amplitude of 0 and VAThe two-level signal of (2); the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a full-bridge mode and the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 6: sp5Is normally on, Sp1、Sp4And Sp2、Sp3Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone; v. ofabAnd vbcAre all amplitude values of +/-VAThe two-level signal of (2); the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gains of the upper resonant cavity and the lower resonant cavity which work in a full-bridge mode.
Preferably, in the reverse energy transfer mode, Ss1～Ss4Used as square wave generator, working in frequency modulation mode, by controlling Sp1～Sp5The resonant cavity works in a normal-open or synchronous rectification state, so that the resonant cavity works in a full-bridge rectification or voltage-doubling rectification mode.
Preferably, in the reverse energy transfer mode, the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge can be combined to generate 4 configurations, which are as follows:
v. theabIs the output voltage of the upper resonator, vbcIs the output voltage, v, of the lower resonatorGSs1-s4Is Ss1～Ss4Drive signal of ir1、ir2Respectively is flowed through Lr1、Lr2The current of (a);
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 1: ss1～Ss4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp1、Sp3Always on, Sp4、Sp5The synchronous rectification switch tube is used; two resonance units of the resonance topology work in a voltage-doubling rectification mode;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 2: ss1～Ss4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp1Always on, Sp2～Sp5The synchronous rectification switch tube is used; an upper resonance unit of the resonance topology works in a voltage-doubling rectification mode, and a lower resonance unit works in a full-bridge rectification mode;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 3: ss1～Ss4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp3Always on, Sp1、Sp2、Sp4、Sp5The synchronous rectification switch tube is used; an upper resonance unit of the resonance topology works in a full-bridge rectification mode, and a lower resonance unit works in a voltage-doubling rectification mode;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 4: ss1～Ss4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp5Always on, Sp1～Sp4The synchronous rectification switch tube is used; the upper and lower resonance units of the resonance topology work in a full-bridge rectification mode.
Compared with the prior art, the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge and the resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge have the following beneficial effects:
1) the ultra-wide voltage regulation range is obtained, and meanwhile, the narrow switching frequency regulation range is ensured;
2) the advantages of soft switching, electrical isolation, small electromagnetic interference, simple structure, high efficiency and the like of the traditional LLC isolation resonant converter are kept;
3) compared with the traditional LLC topology, the frequency regulation range is narrow and is close to the resonant frequency, so that the adverse effects of loss of soft switching characteristics, reduction of voltage regulation capability, reduction of power density, reduction of efficiency and the like caused by overhigh or overlow switching frequency are avoided.
4) Can adapt to single-direction and two-direction high power transmission and keep good soft switching performance.
5) The reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is not only suitable for LLC resonant converters, but also suitable for other types of resonant converters based on frequency modulation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge according to this embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a one-way LLC resonant transformation topological diagram based on a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
FIG. 3 is a bidirectional LLC resonant transformation topological diagram based on a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of 6 configurations that can be generated by combining reconfigurable H5 inverter bridges in a forward energy transfer mode; (a) configuration 1; (b) configuration 2; (c) configuration 3; (d) configuration 4; (e) configuration 5; (f) configuration 6;
FIG. 5 is a key waveform diagram in a forward energy transfer mode, in a different configuration; (a) configuration 1; (b) configuration 2; (c) configuration 3; (d) configuration 4; (e) configuration 5; (f) configuration 6;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the variation curve of voltage gain with frequency and the frequency modulation range of different configurations of the forward energy transfer mode;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of 4 configurations of a reconfigurable H5 bridge in reverse energy transfer mode; (a) configuration 1; (b) configuration 2; (c) configuration 3; (d) configuration 4;
FIG. 8 is a key waveform diagram for different configurations of reverse energy transfer mode; (a) configuration 1; (b) configuration 2; (c) configuration 3; (d) configuration 4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge suitable for multiple bidirectional and unidirectional resonant converters provided by this embodiment, and the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge suitable for multiple bidirectional and unidirectional resonant converters is suitable for all isolated bidirectional and unidirectional resonant converters. Through the reconstruction of the H5 inverter bridge, the resonant converter can ensure a narrow switching frequency range while obtaining an ultra-wide voltage regulation range.
The present embodiment is explained by taking an LLC type resonant converter as an example.
The LLC type isolation resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge inherits the advantages of soft switching, electrical isolation, small electromagnetic interference, simple structure, high efficiency and the like. Meanwhile, the narrow frequency band avoids the defects caused by a wide frequency modulation range, such as loss of soft switching characteristics, increase of the volume of the magnetic element, reduction of conversion efficiency and the like.
A unidirectional LLC resonant transformation topology based on the proposed reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is shown in fig. 2. Input voltage VAAnd accessing to a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge. H5 inverter bridge Sp1-p5The output of which is connected to two LLC resonant cavities with different resonant parameters. The secondary sides of the two LLC resonant cavities are both full-wave rectifiers (D)s1,s2And Ds3,s4) The rectified output is connected to two output capacitors (C)B1And CB2) And the last two output capacitors are connected in series to form a load RBAn output is provided. Two LLC resonant cavities share the same H5 inverter bridge Sp1-p5Through adjusting the H5 inverter bridge, amplitude of + -V can be provided for LLC resonant cavity respectivelyAOr 0 and VAThe two-level square wave signal, namely the LLC resonant cavity, operates in a full-bridge mode or a half-bridge mode. The LLC resonant cavity at the upper part consists of a resonant capacitor Cr1Resonant inductor Lr1And an excitation inductor Lm1And a transformer T1 with a center tap, the lower resonant cavity is composed of a resonant capacitor Cr2Resonant inductor Lr2And an excitation inductor Lm2And a transformer T2 with a center tap, the turn ratio of the transformer T1 is np1:ns1:ns1The turn ratio of the transformer T2 is np2:ns2:ns2N is said np1,ns1,np2,ns2Are all positive integers.
The resonance transformation topology based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge can be applied to a bidirectional power transmission sceneIn (1). A bidirectional LLC resonant transformation topology based on the proposed reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is shown in fig. 3. Compared with a unidirectional LLC resonant conversion topology, the secondary side full-wave rectifiers of the two resonant cavities are realized by active switches (S)s1,s2And Ss3,s4). In the forward energy transfer mode, Ss1,s2And Ss3,s4The synchronous rectification switch tube is used as a synchronous rectification switch tube, and the working principle of the synchronous rectification switch tube is consistent with the one-way LLC resonant conversion topology.
In forward energy transfer mode, the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge can be combined to produce 6 configurations, as shown in fig. 4. By controlling the active switch to work in a normally-on, normally-off or frequency modulation mode (PFM), the resonant cavity can work in a full-bridge or half-bridge mode, so that 6 different voltage gain curves can be obtained. In different configurations, the driving signal and the critical voltage current waveforms are shown in fig. 5. v. ofabAnd vbcInput to the upper and lower resonant cavities, v, respectivelyGSp1-p5Is Sp1-p5Drive signal of ir1And ir2To flow through Lr1And Lr2The current of (2).
The switching modes of the forward energy transfer mode configuration 1 are shown in fig. 4(a) and 5(a), Sp1,p5Normally off, Sp3Is normally on, Sp2,p4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone. v. ofab Is 0, vbcTo amplitude of 0 and VAOf the two-level signal. The voltage gain of the resonant topology is the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in the half-bridge mode.
The switching modes of the forward energy transfer mode configuration 2 are shown in fig. 4(b) and 5(b), Sp3,p5Normally off, Sp1Is normally on, Sp2,p4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone. v. ofabTo amplitude of 0 and VAOf two-level signals vbcIs 0. The voltage gain of the resonant topology is the voltage gain of the upper resonator operating in the half-bridge mode.
The switching modes of the forward energy transfer mode configuration 3 are shown in fig. 4(c) and 5(c), Sp5Normally off, Sp1,p3Is normally on, Sp2,p4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone. v. ofabAnd vbcAre both amplitude values of 0 and VAOf the two-level signal.The voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gains of the upper and lower resonators operating in the half-bridge mode.
The switching modes of the forward energy transfer mode configuration 4 are shown in fig. 4(d) and 5(d), Sp1Is normally on, Sp2,p3And Sp4,p5Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone. v. ofabTo amplitude of 0 and VAOf two-level signals, vbcIs an amplitude of + -VAOf the two-level signal. The voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode and the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in a full-bridge mode.
The switching modes of the forward energy transfer mode configuration 5 are shown in fig. 4(e) and 5(e), Sp3Is normally on, Sp2,p5And Sp1,p4Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone. v. ofabIs an amplitude of + -VAOf two-level signals, vbcTo amplitude of 0 and VAOf the two-level signal. The voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a full-bridge mode and the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode.
The switching modes of the forward energy transfer mode configuration 6 are shown in fig. 4(f) and 5(f), Sp5Is normally on, Sp1,p4And Sp2,p3Controlled by a complementary PFM signal with a dead zone. v. ofabAnd vbcAre all amplitude values of +/-VAOf the two-level signal. The voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gains of the upper resonant cavity and the lower resonant cavity which work in a full-bridge mode.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a voltage gain curve and a frequency adjustment range in different configurations of a forward energy transfer mode. It can be seen that by introducing 6 different H5 inverter bridge configurations, the resonant converter has a very wide voltage gain, while its required frequency modulation range is very narrow.
In reverse energy transfer mode, Ss1-s4Used as a square wave generator and operated in frequency modulation mode (PFM). As shown in fig. 7, by controlling Sp1-p5The resonant cavity can work in a full-bridge rectification mode or a voltage-doubling rectification mode when working in a normal-open or synchronous rectification state, so that 4 different voltages can be obtainedA gain curve. In different configurations, the driving signal and the critical voltage current waveform are shown in fig. 8. v. ofabAnd vbcOutput voltages, v, of upper and lower resonators, respectivelyGSs1-s4Is Ss1-s4Drive signal of ir1And ir2To flow through Lr1And Lr2The current of (2).
The switching modes and key waveforms for reverse energy transfer mode configuration 1 are shown in fig. 7(a) and 8(a), Ss1-s4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp1,p3Always on, Sp4,p5Used as a synchronous rectification switching tube. Both resonant cells of the resonant topology operate in a voltage-doubler rectification mode.
The switching modes and key waveforms for reverse energy transfer mode configuration 2 are shown in fig. 7(b) and 8(b), Ss1-s4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp1Always on, Sp2-p5Used as a synchronous rectification switching tube. The upper resonance unit of the resonance topology works in a voltage-doubling rectification mode, and the lower resonance unit works in a full-bridge rectification mode.
The switching modes and key waveforms for reverse energy transfer mode configuration 3 are shown in fig. 7(c) and 8(c), Ss1-s4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp3Always on, Sp1,p2,p4,p5Used as a synchronous rectification switching tube. The upper resonance unit of the resonance topology works in a full-bridge rectification mode, and the lower resonance unit works in a voltage-doubling rectification mode.
The switching modes and key waveforms of the reverse energy transfer mode configuration 4 are shown in fig. 7(d) and 8(d), Ss1-s4Controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp5Always on, Sp1-p4Used as a synchronous rectification switching tube. The upper and lower resonance units of the resonance topology work in a full-bridge rectification mode.
By switching of 4 modes, the voltage gain range in the reverse energy transfer mode can be effectively expanded, and good soft switching performance is kept.
A specific application will be described as an example.
The LLC resonance topology based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is applicable to the application scene of the vehicle-mounted charger of the electric automobile, and adoptsAs shown in the circuit of figure 1. The input voltage is set to 390V, the resonance frequency is set to 100kHz, the output voltage range is set to 80V-420V, Lm1＝252μH，Lm2＝504μH，Lr1＝63μH，Lr2＝126μH，Cr1＝20nF，Cr2＝44nF，np1:ns1＝1.625，np2:ns22.6. When the voltage required by the battery is 80V, the circuit works in a mode 1 and works at a higher switching frequency of the mode, the switching frequency is reduced along with the increase of the voltage of the battery, when the voltage of the battery is continuously increased, the circuit sequentially enters modes 2-6, and the output voltage is continuously increased to the highest 420V.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A bidirectional resonant converter based on a reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is characterized in that: the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge comprises a direct-current side input power supply, one end of the direct-current side input power supply is connected with one end of a capacitor CA, one end of a switch Sp1 and one end of a switch Sp2, and the other end of the direct-current side input power supply is connected with the other end of the capacitor CA, one end of a switch Sp3 and one end of a switch Sp 4; the other end of the switch Sp1 is connected with the a-phase output end and one end of a switch Sp5, the other end of the switch Sp5 is connected with the c-phase output end and the other end of the switch Sp3, and the other end of the switch Sp2 is connected with the b-phase output end and the other end of the switch Sp 4;
the output of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected to two resonant cavities with different resonance parameters; the upper LLC resonant cavity is composed of a resonant capacitor Cr1, a resonant inductor Lr1, an excitation inductor Lm1 and a transformer T1 with a middle tap, and the lower resonant cavity is composed of a resonant capacitor Cr2, a resonant inductor Lr2, an excitation inductor Lm2 and a transformer T2 with a middle tap;
the output end of the phase a of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected with one end of a resonant capacitor Cr1, the other end of the resonant capacitor Cr1 is connected with one end of a resonant inductor Lr1, the other end of the resonant inductor Lr1 is connected with one end of an excitation inductor Lm1 and one end of the positive side of a transformer T1 with a center tap, and the other end of the excitation inductor Lm1 and the other end of the positive side of the transformer T1 are both connected with the output end of the phase b of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
the c-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge is connected with one end of a resonant capacitor Cr2, the other end of the resonant capacitor Cr2 is connected with one end of a resonant inductor Lr2, the other end of the resonant inductor Lr2 is connected with one end of an excitation inductor Lm2 and one end of the positive side of a transformer T2 with a center tap, and the other end of the excitation inductor Lm2 and the other end of the positive side of the transformer T2 are both connected with the b-phase output end of the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge;
one end of a secondary side of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of an active switch Ss1, the other end of a secondary side of the transformer T1 is connected with one end of an active switch Ss2, the other end of the active switch Ss1 and the other end of the active switch Ss2 are both connected with one end of an output capacitor CB1, and a middle tap of the transformer T1 is connected with the other end of the output capacitor CB 1;
one end of a secondary side of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of an active switch Ss3, the other end of a secondary side of the transformer T2 is connected with one end of an active switch Ss4, the other end of the active switch Ss3 and the other end of the active switch Ss4 are both connected with one end of an output capacitor CB2, and a middle tap of the transformer T2 is connected with the other end of the output capacitor CB 2;
the other end of the output capacitor CB1 is connected with one end of an output capacitor CB2, and two ends of a load RB are respectively connected with one end of an output capacitor CB1 and the other end of an output capacitor CB 2;
in the forward energy transfer mode, the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge can be combined to generate 6 configurations, which are as follows:
setting VA as the voltage value of the direct current side input power supply, vab as the output voltage of the upper resonant cavity, and vbc as the output voltage of the lower resonant cavity;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 1: sp1 and Sp5 are normally off, Sp3 is normally on, Sp2 and Sp4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, vab is 0, and vbc is a two-level signal with the amplitude of 0 and VA; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the voltage gain of the resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode at the lower part;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 2: sp3 and Sp5 are normally off, Sp1 is normally on, and Sp2 and Sp4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones; vab is a two-level signal with amplitude of 0 and VA, and vbc is 0; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 3: sp5 is normally off, Sp1 and Sp3 are normally on, and Sp2 and Sp4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones; vab and vbc are both two-level signals with amplitude values of 0 and VA; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gains of the upper resonant cavity and the lower resonant cavity which work in a half-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 4: sp1 is normally-on, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4 and Sp5 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones; vab is a two-level signal with amplitude of 0 and VA, and vbc is a two-level signal with amplitude of + -VA; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode and the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in a full-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 5: sp3 is normally-on, Sp2, Sp5, Sp1 and Sp4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones; vab is a two-level signal with amplitude of + -VA, and vbc is a two-level signal with amplitude of 0 and VA; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gain of the upper resonant cavity working in a full-bridge mode and the voltage gain of the lower resonant cavity working in a half-bridge mode;
forward energy transfer mode configuration 6: sp5 is normally-on, Sp1, Sp4, Sp2 and Sp3 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones; vab and vbc are two-level signals with amplitude of +/-VA; the voltage gain of the resonant topology is the sum of the voltage gains of the upper resonant cavity and the lower resonant cavity which work in a full-bridge mode.
2. The bidirectional resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge of claim 1, wherein: the switch Sp1, the switch Sp2, the switch Sp3, the switch Sp4 and the switch Sp5 are all MOSFETs with body diodes.
3. The reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge-based bidirectional resonant converter of claim 1, wherein: in the forward energy transfer mode, the active switches Ss 1-Ss 4 are used as synchronous rectification switch tubes, and the resonant cavity works in a full-bridge mode or a half-bridge mode by controlling the active switches Ss 1-Ss 4 to work in a normally-on, normally-off or frequency modulation mode.
4. The bidirectional resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge of claim 1, wherein: in a reverse energy transfer mode, Ss 1-Ss 4 are used as square wave generators and work in a frequency modulation mode, and the resonant cavity works in a full-bridge rectification mode or a voltage-doubling rectification mode by controlling Sp 1-Sp 5 to work in a normal-open or synchronous rectification state.
5. The bidirectional resonant converter based on the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge of claim 1, wherein: in the reverse energy transfer mode, the reconfigurable H5 inverter bridge can be combined to generate 4 configurations, which are as follows:
let vab be the output voltage of the upper resonant cavity, vbc be the output voltage of the lower resonant cavity, vGSs1-s4 be the driving signals from Ss1 to Ss4, and ir1 and ir2 are the currents flowing through Lr1 and Lr2, respectively;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 1: ss 1-Ss 4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp1 and Sp3 are normally on, and Sp4 and Sp5 are used as synchronous rectification switching tubes; two resonance units of the resonance topology work in a voltage-doubling rectification mode;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 2: ss 1-Ss 4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp1 is normally on, and Sp 2-Sp 5 are used as synchronous rectification switching tubes; an upper resonance unit of the resonance topology works in a voltage-doubling rectification mode, and a lower resonance unit works in a full-bridge rectification mode;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 3: ss 1-Ss 4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp3 is normally on, Sp1, Sp2, Sp4 and Sp5 are used as synchronous rectification switching tubes; an upper resonance unit of the resonance topology works in a full-bridge rectification mode, and a lower resonance unit works in a voltage-doubling rectification mode;
reverse energy transfer mode configuration 4: ss 1-Ss 4 are controlled by complementary PFM signals with dead zones, Sp5 is normally on, and Sp 1-Sp 4 are used as synchronous rectification switching tubes; the upper and lower resonance units of the resonance topology work in a full-bridge rectification mode.
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