CN109814250B - Laser chopper - Google Patents
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- CN109814250B CN109814250B CN201910207490.5A CN201910207490A CN109814250B CN 109814250 B CN109814250 B CN 109814250B CN 201910207490 A CN201910207490 A CN 201910207490A CN 109814250 B CN109814250 B CN 109814250B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of choppers, in particular to a laser chopper. The laser chopper comprises a shell, a first reflecting prism, a second reflecting prism and a driving device; the first reflecting prism, the second reflecting prism and the driving device are all arranged in the shell; the driving device is respectively connected with the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism and is used for driving the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism to rotate; an incident light inlet and a reflected light outlet are arranged on the shell; the side wall of the first reflecting prism corresponding to the incident light inlet is a first reflecting surface; the side wall of the second reflecting prism corresponding to the reflected light outlet is a second reflecting surface; the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism can make the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface vertical when rotating. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, convenient use, easy adjustment, good universality and wider application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of choppers, in particular to a laser chopper.
Background
The chopper refers to an electronically controlled fan-type vane, which modulates (chops) continuous light into periodic intermittent light with a certain frequency at a certain rotation speed, and changes a constant light source into an alternating square wave light source, wherein the interruption time is equal to the light transmission time.
There are three types of alternatives: a variable frequency rotary chopper, a fixed frequency tuning fork chopper and a shutter. The name of the rotary chopper was first used in 1849 by Hippolyte Fizeau when measuring the speed of light for the first time, not astronomical.
Optical choppers, typically rotating disk type mechanical shutters, are widely used in combination with lock-in amplifiers in the scientific laboratories. Chopper is used to modulate the intensity of the beam and lock-in amplifiers are used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
For more efficiency, the photointerrupter should have a stable rotational speed. In the case where 1/f noise is a major issue, the maximum chopping frequency may be selected. This is limited by the motor speed and the number of grooves in the rotating disc, which in turn is limited by the disc radius and beam diameter.
Because the diameter of the disk is generally large, the stability of rotation of the disk is relatively low, and the use effect of the photointerrupter is further affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser chopper to solve the technical problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a laser chopper, which comprises a shell, a first reflecting prism, a second reflecting prism and a driving device, wherein the first reflecting prism is arranged on the shell;
The first reflecting prism, the second reflecting prism and the driving device are all arranged in the shell;
The driving device is respectively connected with the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism and is used for driving the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism to rotate;
the shell is provided with an incident light inlet and a reflected light outlet;
the side wall of the first reflecting prism corresponding to the incident light inlet is a first reflecting surface;
the side wall of the second reflecting prism corresponding to the reflected light outlet is a second reflecting surface;
The first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism can enable the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface to be vertical when rotating.
Further, the driving device comprises a first motor and a second motor;
The first motor and the second motor are respectively connected with the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism.
Further, the driving device is a third motor;
a transmission device is arranged between the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism;
the third motor is connected with the first reflecting prism, the second reflecting prism or the transmission device.
Further, the transmission device comprises a first gear, a second gear and a third gear;
the first gear and the first reflecting prism are coaxially arranged;
the second gear and the second reflecting prism are coaxially arranged;
the first gear and the second gear are meshed with the third gear;
the third gear is connected with the third motor.
Further, the first gear has a different number of teeth than the second gear.
Further, the ratio of the numbers of teeth of the first gear and the second gear, and the ratio of the numbers of the edges of the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism are in inverse relation.
Further, the transmission device also comprises a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear;
the drive bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a motor shaft of the third motor;
The driven bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the third gear;
The drive bevel gear meshes with the drive bevel gear.
Further, the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism are identical in shape.
Further, the cross section of the first reflecting prism is regular polygon;
The cross section of the second reflecting prism is regular polygon.
Further, the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number.
According to the laser chopper provided by the invention, the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism are used for reflecting light waves, so that the chopping effect of the light waves is realized, and the diameters of the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism are much smaller than those of a disc, so that the rotation stability of the laser chopper is much higher, and the stability of the frequency of the output light waves of the whole laser chopper is higher. The laser chopper provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, convenient use, easy adjustment, good universality and wider application range.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a laser chopper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another arrangement of a laser chopper according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the reflection of light at an incident light angle of 45;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the reflection of light when the incident light angle is slightly larger than 45 degrees;
fig. 5 is a schematic view showing reflection of light rays when the incident light angle is greater than 45 °.
Reference numerals:
1: a first reflective prism; 2: a first gear; 3: a third motor; 4: a third gear; 5: a second gear; 6: a second reflective prism; 7: a driven bevel gear; 8: a drive bevel gear; 9: a first work surface; 10: a second working surface.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a laser chopper including a housing, a first reflecting prism 1, a second reflecting prism 6, and a driving device; the first reflecting prism 1, the second reflecting prism 6 and the driving device are all arranged in the shell; the driving device is respectively connected with the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 and is used for driving the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 to rotate; an incident light inlet and a reflected light outlet are arranged on the shell; the side wall of the first reflecting prism 1 corresponding to the incident light inlet is a first reflecting surface; the side wall of the second reflecting prism 6 corresponding to the reflected light outlet is a second reflecting surface; the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 can make the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface perpendicular when rotating.
The laser enters the shell from the incident light inlet of the shell, intersects with the first reflecting surface on the first reflecting prism 1, and is reflected to the second reflecting surface through the first reflecting surface, when the included angle between the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface is 90 degrees, namely, when the first reflecting surface is perpendicular to the second reflecting surface, the reflected light of the incident light reflected by the second reflecting surface is parallel to the incident light, and the directions are opposite, so that the incident light can be emitted from the reflected light outlet.
The specific principle is shown in fig. 3-5, and the incident light direction is set to be from bottom to top.
In the present embodiment, the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 rotate in the same direction and anticlockwise, and the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 are parallel and on the same horizontal plane.
As shown in fig. 3, when the incident light forms an angle of 45 ° with the first working surface 9 on the first reflecting prism 1 and the included angle between the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 is 90 °, the incident light is reflected horizontally onto the second reflecting prism 6 after passing through the first working surface 9 of the first reflecting prism 1, and then reflected by the second working surface 10 on the second reflecting prism 6, and finally is parallel to the incident light and is emitted reversely. At this time, the emitted light is effective light.
As shown in fig. 4, when the included angle between the incident light and the first working surface 9 on the first reflecting prism 1 is slightly larger or slightly smaller than 45 ° and the included angle between the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 is 90 °, the incident light can be reflected to the second working surface 10 after being reflected by the first working surface 9 of the first reflecting prism 1, and then the reflected light reflected from the second working surface 10 is parallel to the incident light on the first working surface 9 and opposite in direction, and at this time, the emitted light is an effective light.
As shown in fig. 5, when the included angle between the incident light and the first working surface 9 on the first reflecting prism 1 is larger or smaller than 45 ° and the included angle between the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 is 90 °, the incident light cannot be reflected to the second working surface 10 due to the larger angular offset after being reflected by the first working surface 9 on the first reflecting prism 1, but cannot be emitted out as invalid light through the other side surfaces of the second reflecting prism 6.
When the driving device drives the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 to rotate, the included angle between the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 can change, and when the included angle is 90 degrees, incident light can be reflected in parallel after being reflected by the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10; when the angle between the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 is not 90 °, the incident light is reflected by the first working surface 9, and then cannot be reflected by the second reflecting prism 6, or cannot be reflected by the second working surface 10, and then is not parallel to the incident light, and cannot be emitted from the reflected light outlet, thereby becoming ineffective light.
In this way, the effective light rays are emitted, the rotation speed of the effective light rays is matched with that of the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6, the higher the rotation speed is, the higher the frequency of the effective light rays is emitted, the slower the rotation speed is, the lower the frequency of the effective light rays is emitted, and the light rays are converted into pulse light waves.
Because the two reflecting prisms are used in the embodiment, the diameter of the reflecting prisms is relatively smaller, and the rotation stability is higher, so that the stability of the output frequency is ensured.
In the present embodiment, there are two ways of setting the driving device.
In a first arrangement of the drive device, the drive device comprises a first motor and a second motor;
The first motor and the second motor are connected to the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6, respectively.
In this embodiment, the driving device includes two driving motors, which are a first motor and a second motor, respectively, and are connected to the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6, respectively, so as to drive the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 to rotate.
In this embodiment, the first motor and the second motor are identical in model number, and the rotation speed and the steering are also identical.
In this embodiment, the rotation speeds of the first motor and the second motor may be set to different rotation speeds, and the driving device is set to two different motors to control the different rotation speeds of the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 respectively, so that the output frequency of the light wave can be controlled, and the control range is wider.
In this embodiment, the first motor and the second motor are both ac servomotors.
In a second arrangement of the drive means, the drive means is a third motor 3; a transmission device is arranged between the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6; the third motor 3 is connected to the first reflecting prism 1, the second reflecting prism 6 or the transmission.
In this embodiment, the driving device is a driving motor, namely a third driving motor, which is respectively connected with the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 through a transmission device, so as to drive the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 to rotate at the same time.
The third motor 3 may be connected to the transmission device and then connected to the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 through the transmission device, or may be connected to the first reflecting prism 1 or the second reflecting prism 6 and then connected to the second reflecting prism 6 or the first reflecting prism 1 through the transmission device.
In the present embodiment, the third motor 3 is an ac servo motor.
There are various arrangements of the transmission, and in this embodiment, gear transmission is described as an example.
The transmission device setting mode of the specific gear transmission mode is specifically as follows: comprising a first gear 2, a second gear 5 and a third gear 4; the first gear 2 is coaxially arranged with the first reflecting prism 1; the second gear 5 is coaxially arranged with the second reflecting prism 6; the first gear 2 and the second gear 5 are meshed with the third gear 4; the third gear 4 is connected with the third motor 3.
In this embodiment, the transmission device includes a first gear 2, a second gear 5 and a third gear 4, and the arrangement modes between the three are as follows: the first gear 2 is meshed with the third gear 4 and the second gear 5 is also meshed with the third gear 4.
The arrangement is such that the turning of the first and second reflection prisms 1, 6 is identical.
In this embodiment, the motor shaft of the third motor 3 is fixedly connected coaxially with the third gear 4.
The motor shaft of the third motor 3 may be fixedly connected with the first gear 2 or the second gear 5 coaxially, that is, the third motor 3 drives any one of the first gear 2, the second gear 5 or the third gear 4 to drive the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 to rotate.
When the number of the first reflecting prism 1 is different from that of the second reflecting prism 6, the number of teeth of the first gear 2 and the second gear 5 can be set to be different, so that the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 are vertical at least once between the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6.
When the numbers of teeth of the first gear 2 and the second gear 5 are different, in the present embodiment, the ratio of the numbers of teeth of the first gear 2 and the second gear 5, the ratio of the numbers of edges of the first reflection prism 1 and the second reflection prism 6 are set so as to be an inverse relationship.
By means of the arrangement, the first working surface 9 on the first reflecting prism 1 and the second working surface 10 on the second reflecting prism 6 can have an included angle of 90 degrees each time, and therefore the frequency can be well adjusted.
In order to facilitate the installation of the driving motor, in the embodiment, a transmission driving bevel gear 8 and a driven bevel gear 7 are arranged, wherein the driving bevel gear 8 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the third motor 3; the driven bevel gear 7 is fixedly connected with the third gear 4 coaxially; the drive bevel gear 8 meshes with the drive bevel gear.
Through the arrangement of the driving bevel gear 8 and the driven bevel gear 7, the axial direction of the motor shaft is vertical to the axial directions of the first gear 2, the second gear 5 and the third gear 4, that is, when the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 are arranged vertically, the third motor 3 can be arranged horizontally through the arrangement of the driving bevel gear 8 and the driven bevel gear 7, and the installation stability of the third motor 3 is greatly improved.
The number of teeth of the first gear 2 and the number of teeth of the second gear 5 may be different or the same. When the number of teeth of the first gear 2 and the second gear 5 is the same, the shapes of the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 are identical.
By the arrangement, the output frequency of the light waves can be better controlled.
In the present embodiment, the cross section of the first reflection prism 1 is a regular polygon; the second reflecting prism 6 has a regular polygon in cross section.
The regular polygon shape can facilitate the adjustment of the vertical angle between the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10, so that the effective output light is easy to adjust.
Further, the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number.
When the number of the first reflecting prisms 1 and the second reflecting prisms 6 is different, the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 are perpendicular at least twice per rotation.
The sides of the regular polygon may be, but are not limited to, even sides, and the number of vertical times of the first working surface 9 and the second working surface 10 per rotation thereof is: the greatest common divisor of the number of sides of the first reflecting prism 1 and the number of sides of the second reflecting prism 6.
According to the requirements of users, the invention can also be provided with a phase monitoring mechanism, so that a manual control mode and a full-automatic control mode can be used;
according to the requirement of the user, the phase adjusting mechanism can be set, and a manual control mode or a full-automatic control mode is adopted. Wherein the control part mainly solves the following problems:
(1) Strictly linear synchronization of the whole device frequency and the external laser frequency;
(2) Mathematical analysis of the position of the phase sensor and design of a corresponding position conversion mechanism; if the implementation is realized in a full-automatic mode, a mathematical model is built, the implementation is realized by an algorithm, and the action is completed by an executing mechanism;
(3) Algorithm implementation of phase adjustment, and optimization of the corresponding mechanism.
The control method comprises the following steps:
The single chip microcomputer is adopted to track and process high-frequency signals, and the PLC is used for driving and controlling all servo motors.
According to the laser chopper provided by the invention, the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 are used for reflecting light waves, so that the chopping effect of the light waves is realized, and the diameters of the first reflecting prism 1 and the second reflecting prism 6 are much smaller than those of a disc, so that the rotation stability of the laser chopper is much higher, and the stability of the output light wave frequency of the whole laser chopper is higher. The laser chopper provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, good stability, convenient use, easy adjustment, good universality and wider application range.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims below, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The laser chopper is characterized by comprising a shell, a first reflecting prism, a second reflecting prism and a driving device;
The first reflecting prism, the second reflecting prism and the driving device are all arranged in the shell;
The driving device is respectively connected with the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism and is used for driving the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism to rotate;
the shell is provided with an incident light inlet and a reflected light outlet;
the side wall of the first reflecting prism corresponding to the incident light inlet is a first reflecting surface;
the side wall of the second reflecting prism corresponding to the reflected light outlet is a second reflecting surface;
the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism can enable the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface to be vertical when rotating;
The first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism are identical in shape, and the cross sections of the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism are regular polygons.
2. The laser chopper of claim 1 wherein the drive means comprises a first motor and a second motor;
The first motor and the second motor are respectively connected with the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism.
3. The laser chopper of claim 1, wherein the drive device is a third motor;
a transmission device is arranged between the first reflecting prism and the second reflecting prism;
the third motor is connected with the first reflecting prism, the second reflecting prism or the transmission device.
4. The laser chopper of claim 3 wherein the transmission includes a first gear, a second gear, and a third gear;
the first gear and the first reflecting prism are coaxially arranged;
the second gear and the second reflecting prism are coaxially arranged;
the first gear and the second gear are meshed with the third gear;
the third gear is connected with the third motor.
5. The laser chopper of claim 4 wherein the first gear and the second gear have different numbers of teeth.
6. The laser chopper of claim 5 wherein the ratio of the number of teeth of the first gear and the second gear, the ratio of the number of edges of the first reflective prism and the second reflective prism are inversely related.
7. The laser chopper of claim 4 wherein the transmission further comprises a drive bevel gear and a driven bevel gear;
the drive bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a motor shaft of the third motor;
The driven bevel gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the third gear;
The drive bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear.
8. The laser chopper of claim 1, wherein the number of sides of the regular polygon is an even number.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910207490.5A CN109814250B (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Laser chopper |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910207490.5A CN109814250B (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | Laser chopper |
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| CN109814250A CN109814250A (en) | 2019-05-28 |
| CN109814250B true CN109814250B (en) | 2024-06-25 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN209674102U (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-11-22 | 北京电子科技职业学院 | Laser chopper |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3990787A (en) * | 1975-09-25 | 1976-11-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Square wave light generator |
| JP4871870B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2012-02-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | Shutter device and driving method |
| CN108519670B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2024-02-20 | 苏州天弘激光股份有限公司 | Adjustable laser beam splitting energy-splitting device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN209674102U (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-11-22 | 北京电子科技职业学院 | Laser chopper |
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