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CN109822364A - A chuck for CNC machining - Google Patents

A chuck for CNC machining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109822364A
CN109822364A CN201910157760.6A CN201910157760A CN109822364A CN 109822364 A CN109822364 A CN 109822364A CN 201910157760 A CN201910157760 A CN 201910157760A CN 109822364 A CN109822364 A CN 109822364A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
connector
collet
support column
telescopic shaft
gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910157760.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周智敏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College
Original Assignee
Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College filed Critical Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College
Priority to CN201910157760.6A priority Critical patent/CN109822364A/en
Publication of CN109822364A publication Critical patent/CN109822364A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

本发明属于数控机床技术领域,公开了一种数控机床加工用夹头,包括夹头件、夹头轴、夹头套和安装轴,所述夹头轴安装在夹头套内,所述夹头轴的一端连接夹头件,所述夹头轴的另一端连接有第一伸缩轴;所述安装轴设有支撑柱、步进电机和控制器,所述夹头套固定在支撑柱,所述步进电机的输出端连接有主动齿轮,所述主动齿轮啮合有第一从动齿轮和第二从动齿轮;所述第一从动齿轮固定有第一连接头;所述第二从动齿轮固定有第二连接头,所述支撑柱固定有第一锥齿轮,所述第一锥齿轮啮合有第二锥齿轮,所述第二锥齿轮连接有第二伸缩轴。本方案实现了夹头两个不同位置方向的自动调节,无需手动调节,使得调节方便、快捷。

The invention belongs to the technical field of CNC machine tools, and discloses a chuck for CNC machine tool processing, comprising a chuck piece, a chuck shaft, a chuck sleeve and a mounting shaft, wherein the chuck shaft is installed in the chuck sleeve, and the chuck shaft One end of the collet is connected to a collet, and the other end of the collet shaft is connected to a first telescopic shaft; the installation shaft is provided with a support column, a stepping motor and a controller, the collet sleeve is fixed on the support column, and the step The output end of the input motor is connected with a driving gear, and the driving gear is meshed with a first driven gear and a second driven gear; the first driven gear is fixed with a first connector; the second driven gear is fixed There is a second connecting head, the support column is fixed with a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is meshed with a second bevel gear, and the second bevel gear is connected with a second telescopic shaft. The solution realizes the automatic adjustment of the two different positions and directions of the chuck without manual adjustment, which makes the adjustment convenient and fast.

Description

Collet is used in a kind of processing of numerically-controlled machine tool
Technical field
The invention belongs to numerical control machine tool technique fields more particularly to a kind of processing of numerically-controlled machine tool to use collet.
Background technique
Numerically-controlled machine tool is the abbreviation of numerically-controlled machine tool, is a kind of automated machine tool equipped with program control system.The control System processed, which can be handled logically, has control coding or other symbolic instruction regulated procedures, and is decoded, with code Digital representation, numerical control device is inputted by information carrier.Various control signals are issued by numerical control device through calculation process, are controlled The movement of lathe, shape and size by drawing, automatically processes part.Numerically-controlled machine tool preferably solves multiple Miscellaneous, accurate, small mount, multi items part processing problems are a kind of flexible, dynamical automated machine tools, represent existing It is a kind of typical electromechanical integrated product for the developing direction of Machine-Tool Control technology.
A kind of important accessory of the collet as numerically-controlled machine tool, is mostly installed in numerical control machine tool chuck, as clamping cutter Component use.In the prior art, numerically-controlled machine tool collet is to be not available for adjusting after mounting, between cutter and main shaft of numerical control machine tool It is whole, and when processing the workpiece of some distinctive appearance structures, need to adjust the relative position between cutter and workpiece, therefore It is inconvenient in adjustment process.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet, collet is realized The automatic adjustment in two different location directions, without manually adjusting, so that easy to adjust, quick.
Base case of the invention: a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet, including clamp head piece, collet axis, collet sleeve and peace Axis is filled, the collet axis is horizontally arranged in collet sleeve by bearing, one end connecting clip part of the collet axis, the collet The other end of axis is connected with the first telescopic shaft;The installation axle is in axial direction respectively equipped with support column, stepper motor and control Device, the collet sleeve are fixed on the top of support column, and the output shaft of the stepper motor is towards the direction of support column, the stepping The output end of motor is connected with driving gear, is engaged with the first driven gear and above and below the driving gear respectively Two driven gears;First driven gear is fixed with the first connector, sets between first connector and the first telescopic shaft There is the first control piece for the first connector to be connected with the first telescopic shaft;Second driven gear is fixed with the second company Connector is fixed with the first bevel gear being vertically arranged below the support column, and the first bevel gear is engaged with horizontally disposed Second bevel gear, the second bevel gear is connected with the second telescopic shaft, sets between second connector and the second telescopic shaft There is the second control piece for the second connector to be connected with the second telescopic shaft;The controller controls the stepping electricity respectively Machine, the first control piece and the work of the second control piece.
The working principle of this base case and the utility model has the advantages that clamp head piece is used to clamp the cutter of workpieces processing, controller Stepper motor work is controlled, stepper motor drives driving gear rotation, and driving gear rotation just drives the first driven gear and the Two driven gears rotate respectively.When controller controls the work of the first control piece, the first telescopic shaft just extends and the first connector Connection, the first driven gear drive clamp head piece around the axial line side of collet axis by the transmission of the first connector and the first telescopic shaft To rotation;When controller controls the work of the second control piece, the second telescopic shaft is just extended to be connect with the second connector, and second is driven Gear drives support column by the transmission of the second connector and the second telescopic shaft, and support column rotation has just driven folder by collet sleeve Head is rotated around the direction of axis line of support column.Certainly, controller can control the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet two simultaneously Person is powered together.I.e. according to the control of controller, this programme can be realized the automatic adjustment in two different location directions of collet, Without manually adjusting, so that easy to adjust, quick.
Further, the support column is hollow structure, is equipped with piston in the support column, the piston is vertically arranged;Institute The end face eccentric for stating driving gear towards support column is hinged with crank, and the piston is connected with horizon bar, and institute's horizon bar stretches out branch Dagger is hinged with crank;The support column close to the side of driving gear be equipped with gas outlet and air inlet, the gas outlet and into Port is respectively equipped with air outlet valve and intake valve, and the gas outlet is connected with escape pipe, and the nozzle of the escape pipe is placed in the folder The top of head.
Controller can also only control stepper motor work, so that driving gear rotates, driving gear rotation drives crank Rotation, horizon bar band piston left and right in support rod under the rotation of crank move back and forth.When piston or so moves back and forth, branch Just air-breathing and deflation inside dagger, the gas of releasing is entered in escape pipe by gas outlet, then blows to clamp head piece and cutter, energy Enough blow away the debris that process tool leaves on clamp head piece and cutter.It, can not only i.e. when stepper motor drives driving gear rotation Enough realize the adjusting in clip position direction, additionally it is possible to realize the cleaning of clamp head piece and cutter.
Further, the support column is equipped with the first water outlet and the first water inlet far from the side of driving gear, and described the One water outlet and the first water inlet are respectively equipped with outlet valve and inlet valve, and first water outlet is connected with outlet pipe, it is described go out The nozzle of water pipe is placed in the top of the clamp head piece.
Filled water in support column, during left and right moves back and forth piston in support column, moreover it is possible to will be in support column Water squeezed into outlet pipe from the first water outlet, then flow to clamp head piece and cutter, clamp head piece and cutter rushed to realize It washes.I.e. in the motion process of piston, support column can either blow to clamp head piece and cutter, and can rush to clamp head piece and cutter Water improves the cleannes of clamp head piece and cutter.
Further, the support column is connected with the collecting-tank that upper end is opening, and the collecting-tank is located at the clamp head piece Underface, the collecting-tank is interior to be equipped with filter screen, and the lower part of the collecting-tank is equipped with the second water outlet, and the support column is far from main The side of moving gear is additionally provided with the second water inlet, is connected with water inlet pipe between second water outlet and the second water inlet.
Water flows directly into collecting-tank after having rinsed clamp head piece and cutter, and filter screen in the water after filtration and washing for being had Processing debris flowed into support column further through water inlet pipe after the water in collecting-tank has filtered processing debris, realize following for water Ring utilizes, and saves water resource.Also, water energy enough takes away the processing debris blown afloat, so that processing debris filtering is kept away on filter screen Having exempted from processing debris is all to be not easy to sweep everywhere.
Further, first connector and the first telescopic shaft are located in same horizontal line, second connector and Two telescopic shafts are located in same horizontal line;First control piece includes the first electromagnet and the first armature, first electromagnetism Iron is arranged on the first connector, and first armature is arranged on the first telescopic shaft;Second connector and second stretches Axle position is in same horizontal line;Second control piece includes the second electromagnet and the second armature, the second electromagnet setting On the second connector, second armature is arranged on the second telescopic shaft;The controller control respectively the first electromagnet and The energized state of second electromagnet.
After controller controls the first electromagnet and the energization of the second electromagnet respectively, the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet difference Attracting with the first armature and the second armature, the first telescopic shaft and the second telescopic shaft extend, and realize the first connector and respectively The connection of one telescopic shaft and the connection of the second connector and the second telescopic shaft.This programme structure is simple, easy to accomplish.
Further, first telescopic shaft and the second telescopic shaft are equipped with sets of holes along its direction of axis line, in the sets of holes Wall is equipped with keyway, and first connector and the second connector are set as the cylindrical body that can be stretched out in corresponding sets of holes, and described the The outer wall of the outer wall of one connector and the second connector is respectively equipped with and the flat key of corresponding keyway cooperation.
First connector and the second connector are inserted into respectively in the sets of holes of the first telescopic shaft and the second telescopic shaft, the first connection In the keyway of head sets of holes corresponding with the flat key difference on the second connector also reeve, to improve the first connector and the second telescopic shaft Connective stability, convenient for the first driven gear and the second driven gear respectively drive clamp head piece and first bevel gear rotation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet embodiment of the present invention provides.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is further described application principle of the invention:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description include: clamp head piece 1, collet axis 2, collet sleeve 3, diplopore elbow 4, escape pipe 5, First telescopic shaft 6, sets of holes 7, keyway 8, the first armature 9, the first electromagnet 10, the first connector 11, the first driven gear 12, One support rod 13, driving gear 14, stepper motor 15, installation axle 16, controller 17, the second driven gear 18, the second connector 19, the second electromagnet 20, the second armature 21, second support bar 22, the second telescopic shaft 23, second bevel gear 24, first bevel gear 25, crank 26, horizon bar 27, air inlet 28, gas outlet 29, piston 30, water inlet pipe 31, collecting-tank 32, filter screen 33, first into The mouth of a river 34, the first water outlet 35, outlet pipe 36, support column 37.
Embodiment is based on as shown in Fig. 1: a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet, including clamp head piece 1, collet axis 2, collet Set 3 and installation axle 16, collet axis 2 are horizontally arranged in collet sleeve 3 by bearing, the left end connecting clip part 1 of collet axis 2, folder Head 1 is used to clamp the cutter of workpieces processing, and the right end of collet axis 2 is connected with the first telescopic shaft 6.Installation axle 16 is along axial side To support column 37, stepper motor 15 and controller 17 is separately installed with from left to right, collet sleeve 3 is fixed on the upper of support column 37 Side, controller 17 control stepper motor 15 and work.The output shaft of stepper motor 15 is towards the direction of support column 37, stepper motor 15 Output end be connected with driving gear 14, the first driven gear 12 and second is engaged with above and below driving gear 14 respectively Driven gear 18, the upper side and lower side of installation axle 16 are respectively fixed with first support bar 13, the first driven gear 12 and second from Moving gear 18 is connected by bearing with corresponding first support bar 13 respectively.
First driven gear 12 is fixed with the first connector 11, is equipped with and uses between the first connector 11 and the first telescopic shaft 6 In the first control piece that the first connector 11 is connected with the first telescopic shaft 6, controller 17 controls the work of the first control piece.? In the present embodiment, the first connector 11 and the first telescopic shaft 6 are located in same horizontal line, and the first control piece includes the first electromagnet 10 and first armature 9, the first electromagnet 10 outer wall of first connector 11 is set, the first armature 9 is arranged in the first telescopic shaft 6 Right end, controller 17 control the first electromagnet 10 energized state.
Second driven gear 18 is fixed with the second connector 19, and the lower section of support column 37 is fixed with the first cone being vertically arranged Gear 25, the right side of first bevel gear 25 are engaged with horizontally disposed second bevel gear 24, and second bevel gear 24 is connected with second Telescopic shaft 23 is equipped between second connector 19 and the second telescopic shaft 23 for by the second connector 19 and 23 phase of the second telescopic shaft Second control piece of connection, controller 17 control the work of the second control piece.In the present embodiment, the second connector 19 and second is stretched Contracting axis 23 is located in same horizontal line, and the downside of installation axle 16 is fixed with second support bar 22, the second telescopic shaft 23 and the second cone The left end that gear 24 connects is connect by bearing with the lower end of second support bar 22.Second control piece includes 20 He of the second electromagnet The outer wall of the second connector 19 is arranged in second armature 21, the second electromagnet 20, and the second armature 21 is arranged in the second telescopic shaft 23 Right end, controller 17 control the second electromagnet 20 energized state.
It stretches to improve connective stability and the second connector 19 and second of the first connector 11 and the second telescopic shaft 23 The connective stability of axis 23, the first telescopic shaft 6 and the second telescopic shaft 23 are equipped with sets of holes 7,7 inner wall of sets of holes along its direction of axis line Equipped with keyway 8, the first connector 11 and the second connector 19 are set as the cylindrical body that can be stretched out in corresponding sets of holes 7, and first connects The outer wall of the outer wall of connector 11 and the second connector 19 is respectively equipped with and the flat key of corresponding keyway 8 cooperation.
In the present embodiment, support column 37 is hollow structure, is equipped with piston 30 in support column 37, and piston 30 is set vertically It sets.The left side bias of driving gear 14 is hinged with crank 26, and piston 30 is connected with horizon bar 27, and horizon bar 27 stretches out support column 37 is hinged with crank 26.The right side of support column 37 is equipped with gas outlet 29 and air inlet 28, and gas outlet 29 and air inlet 28 are set respectively There are air outlet valve and intake valve, gas outlet 29 is connected with escape pipe 5, and the nozzle of escape pipe 5 is placed in the top of clamp head piece 1.Support column 37 left side is equipped with the first water outlet 35 and the first water inlet 34, and the first water outlet 35 and the first water inlet 34 are respectively equipped with water outlet Valve and inlet valve, the first water outlet 35 are connected with outlet pipe 36, and the nozzle of outlet pipe 36 is placed in the top of clamp head piece 1.Collet sleeve 3 Top diplopore elbow 4 is installed, escape pipe 5 and outlet pipe 36 are inserted into diplopore elbow 4 respectively, for fixing 5 He of escape pipe Outlet pipe 36.
The left side of support column 37 is connected with the collecting-tank 32 that upper end is opening, and collecting-tank 32 is located at the underface of clamp head piece 1. Filter screen 33 is equipped in collecting-tank 32, the lower part of collecting-tank 32 is equipped with the second water outlet, and the left side of support column 37 is additionally provided with second Water inlet is connected with water inlet pipe 31 between the second water outlet and the second water inlet.
Specific implementation process is as follows: when needing collet to need to carry out the adjusting of locality, controller 17 just controls step Into motor 15 start, stepper motor 15 start after just drive driving gear 14 rotate, driving gear 14 rotation will drive first from Moving gear 12 and the second driven gear 18 rotate respectively.
In the present solution, the first electromagnet 10 is held in the mouth with first when controller 17 only controls the first electromagnet 10 and is powered Iron 9 is attracting, and the first telescopic shaft 6 is since suction just extends, until the first connector 11 is inserted into its sets of holes 7 by the first telescopic shaft 6, Flat key on first connector 11 also injects in the keyway 8 of corresponding sets of holes 7, to complete the first connector 11 and the first telescopic shaft 6 connection.First driven gear 12 drives clamp head piece 1 around collet axis 2 by the transmission of the first connector 11 and the first telescopic shaft 6 Direction of axis line rotation.
When controller 17, which only controls the second electromagnet 20, to be powered, the second connector 19 and the second telescopic shaft 23 can be completed Connection, the second driven gear 18 drives support shaft rotation, support by the transmission of the second connector 19 and the second telescopic shaft 23 Axis rotation has just driven clamp head piece 1 to rotate around the direction of axis line of support column 37 by collet sleeve 3.Certainly, controller 17 can be with Both the first electromagnet 10 and the second electromagnet 20 is controlled simultaneously to be powered together.That is this programme two differences can be realized collet The automatic adjustment of locality keeps its easy to adjust, quick without manually adjusting.
Stepper motor 15 can also only control the work of stepper motor 15, and the first connector 11 and the first telescopic shaft 6 are in disconnected Open state, the second connector 19 and the second telescopic shaft 23 are also at off-state.Stepper motor 15 just drives driving tooth after starting 14 rotation of wheel, the rotation of driving gear 14 drive crank 26 to rotate, and the band piston 30 under the rotation of crank 26 of horizon bar 27 is being propped up Left and right moves back and forth in strut.Support column 37 can internally inject water by the first water inlet 34, when piston 30 is moved to the left, 28 air-breathing of air inlet of support column 37, at the same piston 30 water in support column 37 can gradually be squeezed into outlet pipe 36, water again from It is flowed out in outlet pipe 36, rinses clamp head piece 1 and cutter, then flow into collecting-tank 32, filter screen 33 is used for the water after filtration and washing Middle had processing debris, the water for flowing into collecting-tank 32 pass through water inlet pipe 31 again and enter in support column 37.When piston 30 to When moving left, piston 30 can gradually squeeze into the gas that 37 inside right chamber of support column sucks in escape pipe 5 from gas outlet 29, gas It is blown out from escape pipe 5 again, effectively blows away the processing debris of clamp head piece 1 and cutter, debris easy to process can follow water together It washes away.I.e. in the collet of this programme, when stepper motor 15 drives driving gear 14 to rotate, clip position side can not only be realized To adjusting, additionally it is possible to realize the cleaning of clamp head piece 1 and cutter.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet, which is characterized in that including clamp head piece (1), collet axis (2), collet sleeve (3) and peace It fills axis (16), the collet axis (2) is horizontally arranged in collet sleeve (3) by bearing, and one end of the collet axis (2) connects folder The other end of head (1), the collet axis (2) is connected with the first telescopic shaft (6);The installation axle (16) is in axial direction distinguished Equipped with support column (37), stepper motor (15) and controller (17), the collet sleeve (3) is fixed on the top of support column (37), For the output shaft of the stepper motor (15) towards the direction of support column (37), the output end of the stepper motor (15) is connected with master Moving gear (14) is engaged with the first driven gear (12) and the second driven tooth above and below the driving gear (14) respectively It takes turns (18);First driven gear (12) is fixed with the first connector (11), and first connector (11) and first is stretched The first control piece for the first connector (11) to be connected with the first telescopic shaft (6) is equipped between axis (6);Described second from Moving gear (18) is fixed with the second connector (19), is fixed with the first bevel gear being vertically arranged below the support column (37) (25), the first bevel gear (25) is engaged with horizontally disposed second bevel gear (24), second bevel gear (24) connection Have the second telescopic shaft (23), is equipped between second connector (19) and the second telescopic shaft (23) for by the second connector (19) the second control piece being connected with the second telescopic shaft (23);The controller (17) controls the stepper motor respectively (15), the first control piece and the work of the second control piece.
2. numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the support column (37) is hollow knot Structure, the support column (37) is interior to be equipped with piston (30), and the piston (30) is vertically arranged;Driving gear (14) the direction support The end face eccentric of column (37) is hinged with crank (26), and the piston (30) is connected with horizon bar (27), and institute's horizon bar (27) stretches out Support column (37) and crank (26) are hinged;The support column (37) close to driving gear (14) side be equipped with gas outlet (29) and Air inlet (28), the gas outlet (29) and air inlet (28) are respectively equipped with air outlet valve and intake valve, and the gas outlet (29) is even It is connected to escape pipe (5), the nozzle of the escape pipe (5) is placed in the top of the clamp head piece (1).
3. numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the support column (37) is far from actively The side of gear (14) is equipped with the first water outlet (35) and the first water inlet (34), first water outlet (35) and the first water inlet Mouth (34) is respectively equipped with outlet valve and inlet valve, and first water outlet (35) is connected with outlet pipe (36), the outlet pipe (36) nozzle is placed in the top of the clamp head piece (1).
4. numerically-controlled machine tool processing collet according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the support column (37) is connected with End is the collecting-tank (32) of opening, and the collecting-tank (32) is located at the underface of the clamp head piece (1), and the collecting-tank (32) is interior Equipped with filter screen (33), the lower part of the collecting-tank (32) is equipped with the second water outlet, and the support column (37) is far from driving gear (14) side is additionally provided with the second water inlet, and water inlet pipe (31) are connected between second water outlet and the second water inlet.
5. numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 1 processing collet, which is characterized in that first connector (11) and the One telescopic shaft (6) is located in same horizontal line, and second connector (19) and the second telescopic shaft (23) are located at same horizontal line On;First control piece includes the first electromagnet (10) and the first armature (9), and first electromagnet (10) is arranged first On connector (11), first armature (9) is arranged on the first telescopic shaft (6);Second connector (19) and second is stretched Contracting axis (23) is located in same horizontal line;Second control piece includes the second electromagnet (20) and the second armature (21), described Second electromagnet (20) is arranged on the second connector (19), and second armature (21) is arranged on the second telescopic shaft (23); The controller (17) controls the energized state of the first electromagnet (10) and the second electromagnet (20) respectively.
6. according to claim 1 or 5 numerically-controlled machine tool processing use collet, which is characterized in that first telescopic shaft (6) and Second telescopic shaft (23) is equipped with sets of holes (7) along its direction of axis line, and sets of holes (7) inner wall is equipped with keyway (8), and described first Connector (11) and the second connector (19) are set as the cylindrical body that can be stretched out in corresponding sets of holes (7), first connector (11) outer wall of outer wall and the second connector (19) is respectively equipped with and the flat key of corresponding keyway (8) cooperation.
CN201910157760.6A 2019-03-02 2019-03-02 A chuck for CNC machining Pending CN109822364A (en)

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CN113538979A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-10-22 陈焕文 Real standard equipment of thing networking mechanical engineering teaching
CN113601540A (en) * 2021-08-06 2021-11-05 杭州职业技术学院 A detachable automatic mechanical claw

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Application publication date: 20190531