CN109901487A - Environmental factor based on Internet of Things monitors system and method - Google Patents
Environmental factor based on Internet of Things monitors system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109901487A CN109901487A CN201910319301.3A CN201910319301A CN109901487A CN 109901487 A CN109901487 A CN 109901487A CN 201910319301 A CN201910319301 A CN 201910319301A CN 109901487 A CN109901487 A CN 109901487A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to environmental monitoring technology fields, and in particular to a kind of environmental factor monitoring system and monitoring method based on Internet of Things.The system includes managing device and the monitoring unit for communicating with connection, monitoring unit includes processor, sensor and communication module, for acquiring information, sensor and communication module are connected with processor sensor respectively, and processor is communicated to connect via communication module and managing device；Managing device includes storage element, data inquiry module, data disaply moudle, parameter setting module and alarm module.Monitoring system of the invention and monitoring method, have can real-time remote monitoring, maintenance cost is low, data transmit efficient stable, system long transmission distance, strong antijamming capability, dispose it is convenient, easy to use and manage the advantages that.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and particularly relates to an environmental factor monitoring system based on the Internet of things.
Background
With the development of the scientific and technological level and the internet technology, the informatization level of China is greatly improved, and more supports can be provided for industrial production, environmental monitoring and other scientific research and production activities by matching with cloud computing and big data analysis.
For the specific application of environmental factor monitoring, the method can be applied to environmental protection monitoring and can also be applied to modern agricultural production; however, most of the existing environment monitoring systems employ an environment monitoring station/monitoring station node to monitor environmental factors of a certain area or point, and many physical environment parameters of the real world change due to changes in space and time.
In the existing agricultural production, near field communication technologies, such as bluetooth and Zigbee, are mostly used to build small-scale local monitoring networks, which may cause defects in monitoring range and data integration analysis. If a larger-scale and more comprehensive monitoring network is to be built, networking of each monitoring station/monitoring node requires additional construction of a special penetrating network or connection to a cloud server, which brings difficulties in deployment.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a monitoring system or method that is easy to deploy, communicate, and use and manage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environmental factor monitoring system and an environmental factor monitoring method which are convenient to deploy and easy to use and manage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the scheme that:
the environmental factor monitoring system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a monitoring unit and a management device, wherein the management device is in communication connection with the monitoring unit;
the monitoring unit comprises a processor, a sensor and a communication module, the sensor is used for collecting information, the sensor and the communication module are respectively connected with the processor, and the processor is in communication connection with the management device through the communication module;
the management device comprises a storage unit, a data query module, a data display module, a parameter setting module, an alarm/early warning module and other functional modules or units;
wherein,
a storage unit for storing the received data;
the data query module is used for querying the stored data according to the design conditions and outputting query results;
the data display module is used for displaying the inquired data in a visual mode such as a table, a curve, a broken line, a histogram and the like;
the parameter setting module is used for setting and storing the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the parameter;
the alarm module is used for comparing the real-time detection data with the upper limit and the lower limit of the parameters and outputting alarm information if the real-time data is not in the set range; if necessary, the alarm device sends out alarm signals such as sound and optics or pushes other forms of alarm information.
Preferably, the sensor comprises an air temperature and humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil pH value sensor, and CO2A sensor.
Preferably, the processor is an STM32 single chip microcomputer.
Preferably, the communication module is a serial port to 4G transparent transmission module.
Preferably, the monitoring node further comprises a power supply.
An environmental factor monitoring method based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
monitoring signal acquisition, namely acquiring signals of surrounding environment factors by a monitoring node;
a signal transmission step, in which the monitoring node transmits the acquired signal to a management device through a communication network;
and processing the signal, wherein the management device stores, analyzes or pre-warns the received signal.
Preferably, the signals collected in the step of monitoring signal collection include air temperature and humidity, soil temperature, soil acidity and alkalinity, and CO2And (4) concentration.
Preferably, the step of signal transmission is completed by a serial port to 4G transparent transmission module.
Preferably, the management device further comprises a step of setting the environmental parameter threshold, so that the user can modify the environmental parameter threshold.
Preferably, the management device manages the data using SQLyog database software.
The monitoring system and the monitoring method have the following beneficial effects:
1. the system can realize real-time remote monitoring and has low maintenance cost;
2. the product has simple structure and high-efficiency and stable data transmission;
3. the complexity of a network system is low, the deployment is convenient, and the use and the management are easy;
4. the system has long transmission distance and strong anti-interference capability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a hardware framework diagram of a monitoring node according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3a is a chart of historical data output by a management device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a block diagram of an environment parameter threshold setting module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the management device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power module in a monitoring node according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module in a monitoring node according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sensor module configuration in a monitoring node according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a single chip microcomputer in the monitoring node according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a voltage regulator circuit in the monitoring node according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit and a controllable lamp circuit in the monitoring node according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and thus more clearly define the scope of the invention as claimed, it is described in detail below with respect to certain specific embodiments thereof. It should be noted that the following is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and the specific direct description of the related structures is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and the specific features do not of course directly limit the scope of the present invention. Such alterations and modifications as are made obvious by those skilled in the art and guided by the teachings herein are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
The environmental factor monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a monitoring unit, a management device and the like, wherein the management device is in communication connection with the monitoring unit, comprises communication technologies such as near-field Bluetooth and wifi, or is combined with a special wired network, or can be connected through communication networks such as 2G/3G/4G/5G, so that data acquired by the monitoring unit are directly or indirectly transmitted to the management device; and the management device stores, analyzes, pre-warns and other operations on the data, so that the environmental factor monitoring system based on the Internet of things is realized.
The monitoring unit comprises a processor, a sensor and a communication module, wherein the sensor is used for acquiring information including but not limited to air temperature and humidity, soil temperature and pH value, and CO2Concentration, etc.; the processor is used as a control core of the monitoring unit to process the realization of all functions of the monitoring unit, the sensor and the communication module are respectively connected with the processor, and the processor is directly or indirectly connected with the management device through the communication module in a communication way to upload or download information.
The sensor comprises an air temperature and humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil pH value sensor and CO2The sensor, the processor are single-chip microcomputers, and the communication module is a serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module; the management apparatus is deployed in a PC or a mobile device (smartphone, tablet, etc.).
The management device comprises a storage unit, a data query module, a data display module, a parameter setting module, an alarm/early warning module and other functional modules or units. Generally speaking, the management device is management software based on java language and MySQL database, and is used for realizing the remote real-time monitoring function; the java language is used for managing the function integration of the device, and the MySQL database is used for background support of each functional module.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the environmental factor monitoring system based on the internet of things of the present invention is composed of a management device and a plurality of monitoring units. Generally, there is only one management device, and the number of monitoring units is not fixed; in addition, although fig. 1 shows a complete data link from the monitoring node to the management device, practically, the nodes on the left end to the management device on the right end are all implemented by a communication module with a third party penetration function.
As shown in fig. 5-10, each monitoring unit in the system may specifically include a single chip microcomputer S1, a sensor module connected to the single chip microcomputer S1, a communication module communicating with the single chip microcomputer, and a power module supplying power to the above modules, where the sensor module includes a carbon dioxide sensing module, a soil ph sensing module, an air humidity sensing module, and a soil humidity module.
The power module comprises a power circuit and an indicator light circuit.
The power supply circuit comprises a first connector J1, a self-locking switch, a seventh electrolytic capacitor C7, a sixth resistor R6, a ninth resistor R9, a first chip U1, a fifth capacitor C5, an eighth capacitor C8, a tenth resistor R10, a second diode D2, a first inductor L1, an eighth resistor R8, a seventh resistor R7 and a sixth capacitor C6. Interface connection No. three interfaces of self-locking switch of first connector J1, No. three interface connection of self-locking switch its No. four interfaces of self-locking switch, No. five interfaces and No. six interface connections of self-locking switch, No. one interface and No. two interfaces of first connector all ground connection, and 2.5V voltage is connected to first connector J1. A sixth interface of the self-locking switch is connected to a second interface of the first chip U1 through a sixth resistor R6, the sixth interface of the self-locking switch is grounded through a seventh electrolytic capacitor C7, the joint of the anode of the seventh electrolytic capacitor C7 and the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the seventh interface of the first chip U1, the sixth interface of the self-locking switch is grounded through a ninth resistor R9, the eighth interface of the self-locking switch is connected with the first interface through a fifth capacitor C5, the third interface of the self-locking switch is grounded through an eighth capacitor C8 and a tenth resistor R10, the first interface of the self-locking switch is grounded through a second diode D2, and the first interface of the self-locking switch is connected with 5V voltage through a first inductor L1; the fourth interface is connected with 5V voltage through a seventh resistor R7, the fourth interface is grounded through an eighth resistor R8, and the connection part of the seventh resistor R7 and the first inductor L1 is grounded through a sixth capacitor C6; the power supply part adopts an MP1584 chip, the highest support is 28V input, 3V current output is realized, and the ground source conversion efficiency is up to 96%.
The indicating lamp circuit comprises a first light-emitting diode D1 and an eleventh resistor R11, wherein the anode of the first light-emitting diode D1 is connected with 5V voltage, and the cathode of the first light-emitting diode D1 is grounded through the eleventh resistor R11; the setting of the indicator light circuit enables the recognition of whether the system is involved in the power supply.
The communication module comprises a serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module and a filter circuit, wherein a thirteen interface and a fourteen interface of the serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module U6 are connected and accessed with 5V voltage, an eleventh interface and a twelfth interface of the serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module U6 are connected and grounded, a seventh interface of the serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module U is accessed with an output signal of the singlechip S1, and a sixth interface of the serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module U outputs; the filter circuit comprises a tenth capacitor V10 and a ninth electrolytic capacitor C9, the tenth capacitor C10 is connected with the ninth electrolytic capacitor C9 in parallel, the positive electrode of the ninth electrolytic capacitor C9 is connected with 5V voltage, and the negative electrode of the ninth electrolytic capacitor C9 is grounded; the serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module is convenient for wireless transmission, and can be used for intervening in a cloud server to facilitate data transmission; the filtering circuit is beneficial to filtering out clutter and realizing efficient transmission of information.
The communication module can specifically adopt a USR-LTE-7S4 serial port-to-4G transparent transmission module of Jinan people' S Internet of things technology Limited, and circuit connection is carried out according to the mode to realize circuit connection of the module, and a human cloud server can be intervened through the module to facilitate data transmission.
The carbon dioxide sensing module comprises an MH-Z19 carbon dioxide gas sensor MH, a third interface of the carbon dioxide sensing module MH is grounded, a fourth interface of the carbon dioxide sensing module MH is connected with 5V voltage, a sixth interface of the carbon dioxide sensing module MH is connected with the input of the single chip microcomputer S1, and a seventh interface of the carbon dioxide sensing module MH outputs signals to the single chip microcomputer S1; the carbon dioxide sensor is a universal and small sensor, detects CO2 in the air by utilizing a non-dispersive infrared principle, has good selectivity, no oxygen dependence and long service life. Built-in temperature compensation; meanwhile, the digital waveform generator has digital output and waveform output, and is convenient to use.
The soil pH value sensing module comprises a third chip U3 and an ST-TR-PH sensor ST, a first interface of the third chip U3 is grounded, a fourth interface is connected with 12V voltage, a second interface is connected with a seventh interface of the ST-TR-PH sensor ST, a third interface of the third chip U3 is connected with a sixth interface of the ST-TR-PH sensor ST, a fifth interface of the ST-TR-PH sensor is grounded, an eighth interface is connected with 5V voltage, the second interface and the third interface are both connected with a receiving end of a singlechip S1, the fourth interface is connected with a transmitting end of the singlechip S1, and the first interface is connected with a receiving end of the singlechip S1; the singlechip S1 can acquire pH value information through a 485 bus. The soil pH value adopts an ST-TR-PH sensor ST, the singlechip S1 can acquire pH value information through a 485 bus, and the sensor can be used for collecting the pH value information in a wide range and is suitable for various pH value soils.
The air humidity sensing module comprises an SHT11 chip SHT11, a pin of the SHT11 is connected with 5V voltage, a pin of the SHT11 is connected with an S1 clock circuit end of the single chip microcomputer, a third interface is connected with an S1 data end of the single chip microcomputer, and a fourth interface is grounded; wherein, the communication between the single chip microcomputer S1 is carried out by an i2c mode. The increase of the signal intensity of the SHT11 of the SHT11 sensor improves the anti-interference performance of the sensor, ensures the long-term stability of the sensor, completes A/D conversion and reduces the sensitivity of the sensor, and the calibration data loaded in the sensor chip ensures that each humidity sensor has the same function, namely 100 percent interchangeability.
The soil humidity module includes soil humidity sensor U5, soil humidity sensor U5 interface connects 5V voltage, No. two access singlechip S1, No. three interface ground connection. Wherein the soil moisture sensor U5 uses an existing soil moisture sensor U5 for monitoring the soil moisture of the environment.
The single chip microcomputer is an STM32F103C single chip microcomputer, a forty-four interface of the single chip microcomputer is grounded through a fifth resistor, and a twenty-four interface, a thirty-six interface and a forty-eight interface of the single chip microcomputer are connected in parallel and grounded through a fourth capacitor; the twenty-third interface, the thirty-fifth interface and the forty-seventh interface are directly grounded. Crystal oscillator circuits are connected to the fifth interface and the sixth interface; the seventh interface is connected with a reset circuit; the forty-six interface is connected with a controllable lamp circuit; the crystal oscillator provides working signal pulse for the singlechip S1, and the pulse is the working speed of the singlechip S1; the reset circuit is used for resetting the singlechip S1; the controllable lamp circuit is used for indicating when working.
The download simulation circuit comprises a fourth chip U4, a first interface of the download simulation circuit is connected with 3.3V voltage, a second interface and a third interface of the download simulation circuit are connected to an S1 simulation interface end of the single chip microcomputer, and the fourth interface is grounded.
The voltage stabilizing circuit comprises a second chip U2, a third interface of the second chip U2 is connected with 5V voltage, a second interface and a fourth interface are both connected with 3.3V voltage, and a first interface is grounded.
The working mode of the monitoring unit is as follows: the carbon dioxide sensing module, the soil pH value sensing module, the air humidity sensing module and the soil humidity module acquire environmental factor information and transmit the information to the single chip microcomputer S1, the environmental factor is monitored, the 4G transparent sensing module performs wireless transmission of the information, and the power module supplies power for the modules.
The management device comprises a storage unit, a data query module, a data display module, a parameter setting module, an alarm/early warning module and other functional modules or units; generally speaking, the management device is management software based on java language and MySQL database, which is used for realizing remote real-time monitoring function, and the functional modules or units such as the storage unit, the data query module, the data display module, the parameter setting module, the alarm/early warning module and the like can be directly realized by adopting the database.
In the embodiment, a computer client is used as a deployment carrier of the management device, the system architecture diagram of the monitoring system is shown in fig. 1, the monitoring nodes are connected with the world wide web through a 4G network and further connected with a cloud server with a person, and the cloud server with the person uses an MQTT protocol to take charge of data transfer between the nodes and client software. Data uploaded by the monitoring nodes are forwarded to computer client software (namely a management device) through a server, wherein the uploaded data are sensor values detected in real time.
The monitoring node is responsible for collecting sensor data in real time and uploading the sensor data to the server, the client is responsible for receiving and analyzing the data and storing the data into the mysql database, a user can compare values uploaded by the monitoring node with the early warning values in real time through the numerical early warning values of the client after the setting is completed, and when the values of the sensors are not within the set early warning value range, the client gives out sound alarm and abnormal values are marked in red.
For the system, the hardware composition of the monitoring node can further add or replace parts besides the necessary parts, and node monitoring can be realized on the whole; the management device is deployed on a computer client, and the network connection between the nodes and the client is independently completed by the transparent transmission module without paying more attention.
After receiving the corresponding monitoring signal, the management device realizes the management function through the relevant function module/unit of the management device.
Claims (10)
1. The environmental factor monitoring system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a monitoring unit and a management device, wherein the management device is in communication connection with the monitoring unit;
the monitoring unit comprises a processor, a sensor and a communication module, the sensor is used for collecting information, the sensor and the communication module are respectively connected with the processor, and the processor is in communication connection with the management device through the communication module;
the management device comprises a storage unit, a data query module, a data display module, a parameter setting module and an alarm module.
2. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises an air temperature and humidity sensor, a soil temperature sensor, a soil pH sensor, CO2A sensor.
3. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the processor is an STM32 single chip microcomputer.
4. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the communication module is a serial-to-4G transparent transmission module.
5. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring node further comprises a power source.
6. An environmental factor monitoring method based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:
monitoring signal acquisition, namely acquiring signals of surrounding environment factors by a monitoring node;
a signal transmission step, in which the monitoring node transmits the acquired signal to a management device through a communication network;
and processing the signal, wherein the management device stores, analyzes or pre-warns the received signal.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the signals collected in the step of collecting the monitoring signals include air temperature and humidity, soil temperature, soil pH, and CO2And (4) concentration.
8. The monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein the signal transmission step is performed by a serial-to-4G transparent transmission module.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the management device further comprises an environmental parameter threshold setting step for a user to modify the environmental parameter threshold.
10. The monitoring method according to claim 6, wherein the management device manages data using SQLyog database software.
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Application publication date: 20190618 |