CN109916447B - Composite device and method for monitoring slope infiltration line and sliding deformation - Google Patents
Composite device and method for monitoring slope infiltration line and sliding deformation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite device and a method for monitoring slope infiltration lines and sliding deformation. The device can realize synchronous acquisition of two physical quantities of the ground water level and the inclination without repeated operation, and saves labor hour and cost for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the slope sliding deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope safety monitoring, in particular to a composite device and a method for monitoring slope infiltration lines and sliding deformation.
Background
When safety monitoring of projects such as side slopes, earth and rockfill dams, embankments and damming bodies is carried out, the infiltration line and sliding deformation of the side slopes are important monitoring projects. In actual engineering, a pressure measuring pipe and an electric measuring water level gauge are usually adopted to be matched for use so as to measure the infiltration line of the side slope; the sliding deformation of the slope is measured by the combination of the inclinometer and the movable inclinometer. The pressure measuring pipe and the inclinometer are two different field installation facilities, and the electric measuring water level meter and the movable inclinometer are two independent measuring instruments. In general, the pressure measuring pipe and the inclinometer pipe need to be drilled separately and the water inflow pipe and the inclinometer pipe are buried in the holes respectively. During observation, an electric water level gauge is required to be placed in the pressure measuring pipe, and a movable inclinometer is required to be placed in the inclinometer pipe for independent measurement and reading. By adopting the traditional monitoring method, the pressure measuring pipe and the inclinometer pipe are required to be drilled, manufactured, installed, buried and observed respectively, the observation efficiency is low, and the waste of manpower, material resources and financial resources is caused. Therefore, it is necessary to study and design a composite device and a measuring method, and monitoring of the slope infiltration line and sliding deformation is simultaneously realized in the same drilling and working procedure.
In the prior art, the Chinese patent of patent number ZL201420709111.5 discloses an inclinometer device, which combines an inclinometer pipe hole and an underground water level pipe hole into a whole, but the device is embedded with an osmometer in each hole, the inclinometer is observed by adopting a movable inclinometer, and the osmometer is observed by adopting a reading instrument. The ground water level and the slope slip are measured separately in nature, and the synchronous measurement of the water level and the displacement cannot be completed in the same procedure. The Chinese patent No. ZL201610100541.0 discloses a device for monitoring the same hole as the underground water level and the deep displacement, which is also basically carried out separately when measuring the underground water level and the horizontal displacement, and can not finish the observation of two physical quantities in the same procedure. The Chinese patent of patent number ZL201520034730.3 discloses an integrated measuring device for deep displacement and underground water level of a side slope, which only integrates an electric measuring water level meter measuring head and an inclinometer measuring head, does not realize the integration unification of an inclinometer pipe and a pressure measuring pipe, does not definitely install burying and observing methods, has different structures or burying methods of the inclinometer pipe and the pressure measuring pipe, and the measured result can represent the underground water level of different stratum, so that the real infiltration line of the side slope cannot be accurately reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology, and provides a composite device for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation, which can realize synchronous acquisition of two physical quantities of the groundwater level and the inclination without repeated operation, saves labor hour and cost for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation, and also provides a method for monitoring by using the composite device for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation.
In order to achieve the aim, the composite device for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation comprises a composite pipe, a composite probe and a reading instrument, wherein the composite pipe is arranged in an underground hole, the composite probe is arranged in the composite pipe and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the composite pipe, and the reading instrument is used for displaying water level and gradient data in the underground hole, and the composite probe is connected with the reading instrument through a cable;
The composite pipe is sequentially divided into a water inlet pipe section, a water guide pipe section and a closed pipe section from bottom to top, and a plug is arranged at the bottom of the composite pipe;
The compound probe comprises a probe body, a water level measuring head is arranged on the upper portion of the probe body, and an inclinometer measuring head is arranged in the middle of the probe body.
In the above technical scheme, the outer wall of probe body is provided with a plurality of groups of pulley assembly, the inner wall of compound pipe is provided with a plurality of guide ways that are used for supplying pulley assembly gliding.
In the above technical scheme, the pulley assembly comprises a mounting ring sleeved on the outer ring of the probe body, and two symmetrically arranged pulleys are arranged on the mounting ring.
In the above technical scheme, the composite pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of hollow pipes in sequence, four guide grooves extending along the axial direction of the composite pipe are uniformly arranged in the composite pipe at intervals, and the four guide grooves are arranged in a cross shape.
In the above technical scheme, the bottom of probe body is provided with the blotter.
In the technical scheme, the water inlet pipe section is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes along the circumferential direction of the water inlet pipe section.
In the technical scheme, the outer ring of the water inlet pipe section is sleeved with the filter layer.
In the technical scheme, the sand gravel layer is filled in the gap between the outer walls of the water inlet pipe section and the water guide pipe section and the inner wall of the underground hole.
In the technical scheme, a bentonite layer is filled in a gap between the outer wall of the closed pipe section and the inner wall of the underground hole.
In the technical scheme, a protective cover is arranged at the top orifice of the composite pipe.
The invention also provides a method for monitoring by using the composite device for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation, which comprises the following steps:
1) Vertically downwards drilling an underground hole at a position to be measured, and placing a composite pipe into the underground hole;
2) The composite probe is inserted into the composite pipe, so that the pulley assembly is placed into the corresponding guide groove to slowly slide downwards from the orifice, and when the water level measuring head in the composite probe contacts the water surface to form a closed loop, the reader automatically gives out an alarm sound to record the groundwater level value;
3) When the composite probe reaches the bottom of the hole, lifting the composite probe upwards along the guide groove from bottom to top, and reading inclination data once every lifting is 0.5-1 m until reaching the hole opening;
4) Extracting the composite probe, rotating 90 degrees along the clockwise direction, inserting the composite probe into the guide groove, and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform second measurement;
5) Extracting the composite probe, continuously rotating the composite probe by 90 degrees along the clockwise direction and inserting the composite probe into the guide groove, and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform third measurement;
6) Extracting the composite probe, continuously rotating the composite probe by 90 degrees along the clockwise direction and inserting the composite probe into the guide groove, and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform fourth measurement;
7) 4 groups of water level measured values and 4 groups of gradient measured values can be obtained through the steps 2) to 6), and the average value of the 4 groups of water level measured values is taken as the position of the infiltration line at the measuring point; dividing the 4 groups of gradient measurement values into two groups, taking an average value of each group as gradient data of the direction, and finally calculating horizontal displacement of different heights of the side slope to obtain a sliding deformation value.
In the above technical scheme, in the step 1), gravel is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the water inlet pipe section, the water guide pipe section and the inner wall of the underground hole, and bentonite is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the closed pipe section 1.3 and the inner wall of the underground hole.
In the above technical solution, in the step 7), the 4 groups of inclination measurement values are divided into two groups, the first group is the inclination data measured in the step 3) and the step 5), and the second group is the inclination data measured in the step 4) and the step 6).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
The invention combines the pressure measuring pipe and the inclinometer pipe into a whole to form a composite pipe for measuring the inclination and the pressure, and combines the electric measuring water level meter and the movable inclinometer into a whole to form a composite reading device, and the two devices are combined by a specific installation and measurement method to form a composite monitoring system for slope infiltration line and sliding deformation.
The composite pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes with the length of 2.0-3.0 m, and the function of measuring the gradient of the inclinometer pipe along the journey is reserved. In addition, the water inlet pipe section is provided with a water permeable hole, and a geotextile filter layer is wrapped outside the water inlet pipe section, so that the water level in the pipe is consistent with the comprehensive underground water level of the side slope, and conditions are created for measuring the infiltration line of the side slope.
The invention designs a reading instrument, a composite probe and a cable, wherein the composite reading instrument integrates the functions of water alarm of an electric measuring water level meter and inclination data reading of an inclinometer, the water level probe and the inclinometer probe are arranged in the composite probe, the water level probe is positioned at the upper part of the inclinometer probe, and the composite probe has the capacity of measuring water level and inclination data simultaneously on the premise of not affecting the respective functions of the water level probe and the inclinometer probe.
Fourth, the composite pipe and the composite measuring device are combined to form a composite monitoring system by combining a specific installation and observation method, so that the function of synchronously acquiring two physical quantities of the underground water level and the borehole along-path gradient in the same borehole in the same observation can be realized, and the working hours and the cost are saved for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite device for monitoring slope infiltration and sliding deformation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the composite probe of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the composite tube of FIG. 1;
In the figure: 1-composite pipe, 1.1-water inlet pipe section, 1.2-water guide pipe section, 1.3-closed pipe section, 1.4-guide groove, 2-composite probe, 2.1-probe body, 2.2-water level gauge head, 2.3-inclinometer gauge head, 2.4-pulley assembly, 2.41-mounting ring, 2.42-pulley, 2.5-buffer pad, 3-reading instrument, 4-cable, 5-plug, 6-water permeable hole, 7-filter layer, 8-sand gravel layer, 9-bentonite layer, 10-protection cover.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to examples, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention. While at the same time becoming clearer and more readily understood by way of illustration of the advantages of the present invention.
The composite device for monitoring the slope infiltration line and the sliding deformation as shown in fig. 1 comprises a composite pipe 1 arranged in an underground hole, a composite probe 2 which is arranged in the composite pipe 1 and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the composite pipe, and a reader 3 for displaying water level and gradient data in the underground hole, wherein the composite probe 2 is connected with the reader 3 through a cable 4. The composite pipe 1 is sequentially divided into a water inlet pipe section 1.1, a water guide pipe section 1.2 and a closed pipe section 1.3 from bottom to top, and a plug 5 is arranged at the bottom of the composite pipe 1.
The water inlet pipe section 1.1 is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes 6 along the circumferential direction. The outer ring of the water inlet pipe section 1.1 is sleeved with a filter layer 7. The sand gravel layer 8 is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the water inlet pipe section 1.1 and the water guide pipe section 1.2 and the inner wall of the underground hole, the bentonite layer 9 is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the closed pipe section 1.3 and the inner wall of the underground hole, and the protective cover 10 is arranged at the top orifice of the composite pipe 1. Thus, the water inlet pipe section is provided with the water permeable hole and is externally covered with the filter layer of the geotextile, so that the water level in the pipe is consistent with the comprehensive underground water level of the side slope, and conditions are created for measuring the infiltration line of the side slope.
As shown in fig. 2, the composite probe 2 includes a probe body 2.1, a water level measuring head 2.2 is arranged at the upper part of the probe body 2.1, and an inclinometer measuring head 2.3 is arranged at the middle part of the probe body 2.1. The outer wall of the probe body 2.1 is provided with a plurality of groups of pulley assemblies 2.4, and the inner wall of the composite pipe 1 is provided with a plurality of guide grooves 1.4 for sliding the pulley assemblies 2.4. The pulley assembly 2.4 comprises a mounting ring 2.41 sleeved on the outer ring of the probe body 2.1, two symmetrically arranged pulleys 2.42 are arranged on the mounting ring 2.41, and a buffer pad 2.5 is arranged at the bottom of the probe body 2.1. A water level measuring head and an inclinometer measuring head are arranged in the composite probe, and the water level measuring head is positioned at the upper part of the inclinometer measuring head; on the premise of not affecting the respective functions of the two, the composite probe has the capability of simultaneously measuring water level and inclination data, can realize the function of synchronously acquiring two physical quantities of underground water level and drilling along-path inclination in the same drilling and the same observation, and saves working hours and cost for monitoring slope infiltration lines and sliding deformation.
As shown in fig. 3, the composite pipe 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of hollow pipes with the length of 2.0-3.0 m, four guide grooves 1.4 extending along the axial direction of the composite pipe 1 are uniformly arranged in the composite pipe 1 at intervals, and the four guide grooves 1.4 are arranged in a cross shape.
The invention discloses a method for monitoring a slope infiltration line and sliding deformation by using the composite device, which comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting a position to be measured of a side slope to vertically downwards drill an underground hole, ensuring smooth holes after hole forming, placing the composite pipe 1 into the underground hole, filling gravel materials in gaps among the outer walls of the water inlet pipe section 1.1 and the water guide pipe section 1.2 and the inner wall of the underground hole, and filling bentonite in the gaps between the outer wall of the closed pipe section 1.3 and the inner wall of the underground hole;
2) The composite probe 2 is inserted into the composite pipe 1, so that the pulley assembly 2.4 is placed into the corresponding guide groove 1.4 to slowly slide downwards from the orifice, and when the water level measuring head 2.2 in the composite probe 2 contacts the water surface to form a closed loop, the reader 3 automatically gives out an alarm sound to record the groundwater level value;
3) When the composite probe 2 reaches the bottom of the hole, lifting the composite probe from bottom to top along the guide groove 1.4, and reading inclination data once every lifting by 0.5m until reaching the hole opening;
4) Extracting the composite probe 2, rotating 90 degrees in the clockwise direction, inserting the composite probe into the guide groove 1.4, and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform second measurement;
5) Extracting the composite probe 2, continuously rotating by 90 degrees along the clockwise direction and inserting the composite probe into the guide groove 1.4, and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform third measurement;
6) Extracting the composite probe 2, continuously rotating by 90 degrees along the clockwise direction, inserting the composite probe into the guide groove 1.4, and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform fourth measurement;
7) Obtaining 4 groups of water level measurement values and 4 groups of gradient measurement values through the steps 2) to 6), and taking the average value of the 4 groups of water level measurement values as the ground water level at the measuring point, namely the position of the infiltration line at the measuring point; dividing 4 groups of gradient measurement values into two groups, wherein the first group is gradient data measured in the step 3) and the step 5), the second group is gradient data measured in the step 4) and the step 6), taking an average value of each group as gradient data in the direction, combining lifting heights of the composite probe 2 every 0.5m, and obtaining horizontal displacement of any height of the side slope, namely sliding deformation values of any height of the side slope through segmentation calculation and summation. The specific calculation method is as follows: based on the first and second sets of data, when the composite probe 2 is lifted for the ith time (i=1, 2, …, n), the horizontal displacement of the measuring point of the position where the probe is located is f a,i and f b,i respectively:
wherein n is the total number of lifts; l is the height of the composite probe 2 lifted each time, and 0.5m is taken; θ a,i is the average value of the inclinations measured when the composite probe 2 is lifted the ith (i=1, 2, …, n) times in step 3) and step 5); θ b,i is the average value of the inclinations measured when the composite probe 2 is lifted the ith (i=1, 2, …, n) times in step 4) and step 6).
Other not described in detail are known in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A composite set for monitoring side slope infiltration line and slip warp, its characterized in that: the underground water level and inclination measuring device comprises a composite pipe (1) arranged in an underground hole, a composite probe (2) which is arranged in the composite pipe (1) and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the composite pipe, and a reading instrument (3) for displaying water level and inclination data in the underground hole, wherein the composite probe (2) is connected with the reading instrument (3) through a cable (4);
the composite pipe (1) is sequentially divided into a water inlet pipe section (1.1), a water guide pipe section (1.2) and a closed pipe section (1.3) from bottom to top, and a plug (5) is arranged at the bottom of the composite pipe (1);
The composite probe (2) comprises a probe body (2.1), a water level measuring head (2.2) is arranged at the upper part of the probe body (2.1), and an inclinometer measuring head (2.3) is arranged at the middle part of the probe body (2.1);
The outer wall of the probe body (2.1) is provided with a plurality of groups of pulley assemblies (2.4), and the inner wall of the composite pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of guide grooves (1.4) for sliding the pulley assemblies (2.4);
The pulley assembly (2.4) comprises a mounting ring (2.41) sleeved on the outer ring of the probe body (2.1), and two symmetrically arranged pulleys (2.42) are arranged on the mounting ring (2.41);
The composite pipe (1) is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of sections of hollow pipes, four guide grooves (1.4) extending along the axial direction of the composite pipe are uniformly arranged in the composite pipe (1) at intervals, and the four guide grooves (1.4) are arranged in a cross shape; the bottom of the probe body (2.1) is provided with a buffer pad (2.5).
2. A composite device for monitoring slope infiltration and sliding deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet pipe section (1.1) is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes (6) along the circumferential direction; the outer ring of the water inlet pipe section (1.1) is sleeved with a filter layer (7).
3. A composite device for monitoring slope infiltration and sliding deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sand gravel layer (8) is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the water inlet pipe section (1.1) and the water guide pipe section (1.2) and the inner wall of the underground hole.
4. A composite device for monitoring slope infiltration and sliding deformation according to claim 3, characterized in that: a bentonite layer (9) is filled in a gap between the outer wall of the closed pipe section (1.3) and the inner wall of the underground hole; a protective cover (10) is arranged at the top orifice of the composite pipe (1).
5. A method of monitoring using a composite device for monitoring slope infiltration and sliding deformation according to any of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
1) Vertically downwards drilling an underground hole at a position to be measured, and placing the composite pipe (1) into the underground hole;
2) The composite probe (2) is inserted into the composite pipe (1), so that the pulley assembly (2.4) is placed into the corresponding guide groove (1.4) to slowly slide downwards from the orifice, and when the water level measuring head (2.2) in the composite probe (2) contacts the water surface to form a closed loop, the reader (3) automatically gives out an alarm sound to record the underground water level value;
3) When the composite probe (2) reaches the bottom of the hole, the composite probe is lifted upwards along the guide groove (1.4) from bottom to top, and inclination data is read once every 0.5-1 m of lifting until reaching the hole opening;
4) Extracting the composite probe (2), rotating 90 degrees along the clockwise direction, inserting the composite probe into the guide groove (1.4), and repeating the steps 2) and 3) to perform second measurement;
5) Extracting the composite probe (2), continuously rotating by 90 degrees along the clockwise direction, inserting the composite probe into the guide groove (1.4), and repeating the steps 2) and 3) to perform third measurement;
6) Extracting the composite probe (2), continuously rotating 90 degrees along the clockwise direction, inserting the composite probe into the guide groove (1.4), and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) to perform fourth measurement;
7) 4 groups of water level measured values and 4 groups of gradient measured values can be obtained through the steps 2) to 6), and the average value of the 4 groups of water level measured values is taken as the position of the infiltration line at the measuring point; dividing the 4 groups of gradient measurement values into two groups, taking an average value of each group as gradient data of the direction, and finally calculating horizontal displacement of different heights of the side slope to obtain a sliding deformation value.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step 1), the sand gravel is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the water inlet pipe section (1.1) and the water guide pipe section (1.2) and the inner wall of the underground hole, and the bentonite is filled in the gap between the outer wall of the closed pipe section 1.3 and the inner wall of the underground hole.
7. The monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein in the step 7), the 4 sets of inclination measurements are divided into two sets, the first set being the inclination data measured in the step 3) and the step 5), and the second set being the inclination data measured in the step 4) and the step 6).
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| CN110288808A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-27 | 河海大学 | Device and method for monitoring hydrodynamic landslides |
| CN110567519B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2024-04-09 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Measuring unit for monitoring the pressure and water content of deep hole soil in landslide body |
| CN112268996B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-07-16 | 广东省地质建设工程勘察院 | Geological environment monitoring device and method |
| CN113008444B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2025-03-18 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Device and method for solving mutual interference between manual and automatic observation of pressure measuring tube |
| CN114659705A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 安徽省水利水电勘测设计研究总院有限公司 | Clay dam pressure measuring pipe and using method thereof |
| CN116124244A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-16 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring system for underground water level |
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| CN209432184U (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-09-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | A Composite Device for Monitoring Slope Wetting Line and Sliding Deformation |
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| JP2002101902A (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2002-04-09 | Jiyungo Sakata | Footwear and its cover |
| TWI262289B (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2006-09-21 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | Optical-fiber raster double-bearing type inclination sensor for sensing stratum displacement |
| CN101963501A (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2011-02-02 | 刘文峰 | Construction method for monitoring slope stability by using mobile inclinometer |
| KR101177459B1 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2012-08-27 | (주)테스콤엔지니어링 | A testing pipe for underground water level and inclinometer and its equiping procedure |
| KR101219468B1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2013-01-11 | (주) 한승테크놀러지 | A measuring instrument used both as a inclinometer and a water level meter |
| CN105806418A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-07-27 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Reservoir landslide multi-field information field monitoring system and construction method thereof |
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| CN209432184U (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-09-24 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | A Composite Device for Monitoring Slope Wetting Line and Sliding Deformation |
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