CN109931352A - Elastic floating brake lining - Google Patents

Abstract

An elastic floating brake piece comprises a mounting plate and several friction blocks, the friction block has a support body and a friction body, the mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole, the upper part of the mounting hole is provided with a disc spring, and the support body extends downward through the disc spring The support body is supported by a disc spring to float up and down, and the lower part of the installation hole is provided with a clamp ring that is movably fitted to the lower part of the support body; the friction body is a regular hexagonal step column, which is composed of a friction body and a friction chassis, and the friction chassis extends around it. Because the friction body forms a circle of edges, the edge is used as a comparison surface for the degree of wear. There are chip removal channels between the friction bodies. The staggered chip removal channels form a chip removal network. The support plate is composed of the left plate and the right plate. The plates are spliced in a folded line along the edge of the friction block. One side of each friction chassis has a block fixed on the mounting plate to limit its rotation angle. The height of the block does not exceed the height of the friction chassis. The invention can prevent eccentric wear of the brake plate, facilitate chip removal and heat dissipation, and can visually detect the elastic floating brake plate of the wear of the brake plate.

Description

Elastic floating brake

technical field

The present invention relates to elastic floating brake pads.

Background technique

In the disc brake system of the train, the brake pad is one of the key components. When braking, the braking force is applied to the brake pad through the brake caliper, so that the friction block of the brake pad is in contact with the brake disc. Absorb kinetic energy to stop the train. During the braking process, a large amount of friction heat and wear debris are generated, and the wear debris easily accumulates in the gap between the friction block and the friction block. The brake pad is subjected to uneven temperature and thermal stress cycles, which will cause fatigue damage to the local position of the friction block, resulting in There are cracks, slag, and block drop in the brake pad friction block, which affects the braking performance and the life of the brake pad. During the braking process of trains in winter ice and snow weather, excessive wear debris accumulates between the friction blocks, which is easy to scratch the surface of the brake disc, and in severe cases, metal inlays will occur, which will affect the life of the brake disc. The current powder metallurgy brake pads on the market cannot directly check the wear and tear, and the method of measuring the remaining thickness of the brake pads with a checking tool is often used to judge the wear of the brake pads to the limit. The wear of the brake pads is inconsistent, resulting in the inability to accurately monitor the wear of the brake pads.

At present, the structure of powder metallurgy brake pads for high-speed trains mainly includes fixed structure and floating structure. For the fixed brake pad, the friction block cannot be adjusted by itself, the friction performance is poor during high-speed braking, and the friction block is prone to cracks and defects; Chinese patent document CN103133570A discloses a combined floating brake pad, including a back plate, several friction blocks arranged on the back plate, elastic support sheets and circlips arranged between the friction blocks and the back plate, the elastic elements of the brake pads can realize the elastic floating of the friction pads and improve the friction performance of the brake pads , The friction block is a regular hexagon shape, the friction block is prevented from rotating through the contact between the sides of the friction block, and the gap between the friction blocks is small, which is not conducive to the discharge of wear debris and friction heat, resulting in excessively high temperature of the brake pads during the braking process. Excessive accumulation of wear debris.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elastic floating brake pad that can prevent eccentric wear of the pad, facilitate chip removal and heat dissipation, and can visually detect the wear of the pad.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the elastic floating gate comprises a mounting plate and several friction blocks arranged on the mounting plate, and the friction block has a support body and a metallurgical powder friction body fixed on the support body. The mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole, the upper part of the mounting hole is provided with a disc spring, the support body protrudes downward through the disc spring, the support body is supported by the disc spring to realize up and down floating, and the lower part of the mounting hole is provided with a dynamic fit at the lower part of the support body The friction body is a regular hexagonal step column, which is composed of a friction body and a friction chassis. The friction chassis protrudes from the friction body to form a circle of edges, and the edge is used as a comparison surface for the degree of wear. , The staggered chip removal channels form a chip removal network. The support plate is made up of the left and right plates. The left and right plates are spliced together in a folded line along the edge of the friction block. One side of each friction chassis is fixed on the mounting plate for A block that limits its rotation angle, and the height of the block does not exceed the height of the friction chassis.

The support body is composed of a plate body, a ball table body and a pin body that are connected in sequence, and the mounting hole of the mounting plate is composed of a disc spring chamber, a pin body hole and a collar chamber, wherein the upper part of the pin body hole is in the shape of a ball socket, The friction body is fixed on the plate body, the upper half of the ball table body is in the disc spring chamber, and the lower half of the ball table body is in the ball socket-shaped part of the pin body hole.

There is a floating gap between the bottom surface of the plate body of the support body and the mounting plate.

The floating gap is 0.3-1.0 mm.

The six corners of the friction body are arc corners.

The plate body of the support body has the same size and shape as the friction chassis.

The ratio of the arc angle size R1 of the friction body to the opposite side length L1 is 0.18-0.22; the ratio of the arc angle size R2 of the friction chassis to the opposite side length L2 is 0.18-0.22.

The width of the chip evacuation channel is at least 3 mm.

The height of the friction chassis is 2-5 mm.

The rotation gap between the block on one side of each friction chassis and the side of the friction chassis is 0.45-0.55 mm.

The present invention has the following positive effects: 1) The friction body of the present invention is a hexagonal stepped column, and the six corners are arc angles, which is conducive to the uniform pressing of metallurgical powder during the pressing process of the friction body, effectively improves the performance of the friction block, and can reduce the The stress concentration of friction pads during braking. 2) The periphery of the friction chassis protrudes from the friction body to form a circle of edges, which is used to visually measure the wear degree of the friction body. By observing the wear of each friction block, the wear of the brake pads can be accurately judged. 3) There is a chip removal channel between the friction blocks to form a chip removal network, which is conducive to the discharge of wear debris and heat dissipation during the braking process of the brake pads, and avoids the brake pad temperature during the braking process. security risks. 4) The friction block can rotate within a certain angle and float to a certain extent, realizing the all-round angle adjustment of the friction block, and realizing 100% contact with the surface of the brake disc during the braking process of the brake pad, thereby solving the problem of eccentric wear of the brake pad. 5) The left and right plates of the support plate are spliced in a folded line along the edge of the friction block, in an asymmetric shape, which can maximize the area and volume of the friction material on the support plate with a limited area, so as to obtain a greater amount of wear , improve the service life of the brake pads.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a reverse view of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a view of the mounting plate of FIG. 3 .

Figure 6 is a view of the friction pad.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of FIG. 6 .

Detailed ways

Example 1

1 to 7 , this embodiment includes a mounting plate 1 and 17 friction blocks 2 arranged on the mounting plate 1. The friction blocks 2 have a support body 2-2 and a metallurgical powder friction friction block fixed on the support body 2-2. Body 2-1, the friction body 2-1 is a regular hexagonal step column, the friction body 2-1 is composed of a friction body 2-1-1 and a friction chassis 2-1-2, and the friction chassis 2-1-2 extends around Because the friction body 2-1-1 forms a circle of edge 2-1-a, and the edge 2-1-a is used as a comparison surface for the degree of wear, the shape of the friction body 2-1-1 and the friction disc 2-1-2 are similar, The cross-sections are all hexagons, and the six corners are arc corners. The height H of the friction chassis 2-1-2 is 2-5 mm. In specific applications, the height H is set according to user requirements. The ratio of the size of the arc angle R1 of the friction body 2-1 to the length L1 of the opposite side is 0.18~0.22, and the ratio of the size of the arc angle R2 of the friction disc 2-1-2 to the length L2 of the opposite side is 0.18~0.22. This ratio It is beneficial to the uniform pressing of metallurgical powder during the pressing process of the friction body. There is a chip evacuation channel P between the friction bodies 2-1, and the staggered chip evacuation channels form a chip evacuation network, which is beneficial to the discharge of wear debris and the dissipation of heat during the braking process of the brake pads. The width of the chip evacuation channel P is at least 3 mm, which is favorable for chip evacuation.

The support body 2-2 is composed of a plate body 2-2-1, a ball table body 2-2-2 and a pin body 2-2-3 connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the friction body 2-1 is fixed on the plate body 2-2-1 on.

The mounting plate 1 is composed of a left plate 1-1 and a right plate 1-2. The left plate 1-1 and the right plate 1-2 are spliced along the edge of the friction block 2 in a folded line G. The back of the mounting plate 1 is provided with a dovetail slide. Rails 1-4. One side of each friction block 2 has a block 1-3 fixed on the mounting plate 1 to limit its rotation angle. The height of the block 1-3 does not exceed the height of the friction chassis 2-1-2. The distance between the six sides of each friction chassis 2-1-2 is inconsistent with the distance between the adjacent friction chassis 2-1-2, and the stopper 1-3 is used to set the space with a larger distance. Because the size and shape of the space between the friction chassis 2-1-2 are different, the size and shape of the blocks are not uniform. For the blocks of the two friction blocks in the larger space, the blocks can be combined into one, and it is necessary to ensure that each block is There is a rotation gap J between the block on one side of the friction chassis 2-1-2 and the side surface of the friction chassis 2-1-2, and the rotation gap J is 0.45-0.55 mm, so that the friction block can rotate slightly.

The left plate 1-1 and the right plate 1-2 of the mounting plate 1 of the elastic floating gate are asymmetrical, but the friction blocks distributed on the mounting plate 1 are symmetrically arranged.

The mounting plate 1 is provided with a mounting hole 1-a, the mounting hole 1-a consists of the upper disc spring chamber 1-a-1, the middle pin hole 1-a-2 and the lower collar chamber 1-a. -3 composition, wherein the upper part of the pin body hole 1-a-2 is ball-and-socket shape, the disc spring chamber 1-a-1 is provided with a disc spring 3, and the support body 2-2 extends down through the disc spring 3 to the card In the ring chamber 1-a-3, the upper half of the ball table body 2-2-2 of the support body is located in the disc spring chamber 1-a-1, and the support body sits on the disc spring 3 through the ball table body 2-2-2, Supported by the disc spring 3, the lower half of the ball table body 2-2-2 is located in the ball and socket-shaped portion of the pin body hole 1-a-2. There is a floating gap S between the bottom surface of the support body plate 2-2-1 and the mounting plate 1, and the floating gap S is 0.3~1.0mm. The floating gap S ensures the elastic floating function of the brake pad while avoiding the overload of the disc spring, extending the disc spring service life. The lower part of the mounting hole 1-a is provided with a clamp ring 4 which is clamped at the lower part of the support body 2-2, and the clamp ring 4 is in dynamic fit with the pin body 2-2-3 of the support body 2-2.

When in use, the friction block can rotate within a certain angle and float to a certain degree, realizing all-round angle adjustment of the friction block, realizing 100% contact with the surface of the brake disc during the braking process of the brake pad, thus solving the problem of eccentric wear of the brake pad . Through visual inspection, compare the friction body 2-1-1 with the edge 2-1-a of the friction chassis 2-1-2 to judge whether the friction body is worn to the limit, that is, to judge whether the brake pad is worn to the limit, the judgment is intuitive convenient.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of elastic floating brake lining, including mounting plate (1) and several friction blocks (2) being arranged on mounting plate (1), friction block (2) with supporter (2-2) and the metallurgical powder friction piece (2-1) that is fixed on supporter (2-2), on the mounting plate (1) Equipped with mounting hole (1-a), the top of mounting hole (1-a) is equipped with disc spring (3), and supporter (2-2) passes through disc spring (3) and extends downwardly, Supporter (2-2) is realized by disc spring (4) bearing to float up and down, and the lower part of mounting hole (1-a) is equipped with dynamic cooperation at supporter (2-2) The retainer ring (4) of lower part；The six side ladder columns it is characterized by: the friction piece (2-1) is positive, by friction main body (2-1-1) and rub Chassis (2-1-2) composition is wiped, friction chassis (2-1-2) surrounding stretches out in friction main body (2-1-1) and forms a circle edge (2-1- A), edge (2-1-a) compares face as the degree of wear, has channel of chip removal (P) between friction piece (2-1), staggered chip removal is logical Road forms chip removal network, and support plate (1) is combined by left plate (1-1) and right panel (1-2), and left plate (1-1) and right panel (1-2) are along friction Block (2) edge splices at broken line (G), and the side of every friction chassis (2-1-2) is fixed on mounting plate (1) for placing restrictions on it The block (1-3) of rotational angle, height of the dog height (1-3) without departing from friction chassis (2-1-2).

2. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the supporter (2-2) is by sequentially connected Plate body (2-2-1), billiard table body (2-2-2) and shank (2-2-3) are constituted, and the mounting hole (1-a) of the mounting plate (1) is by disc spring room (1-a-1), shank hole (1-a-2) and retainer ring room composition, wherein the top of shank hole (1-a-2) is ball-and-socket shape, above-mentioned friction piece (2-1) is fixed on plate body (2-2-1), and the upper half of billiard table body (2-2-2) is in disc spring room (1-a-1), billiard table body (2-2- 2) lower half is in the ball-and-socket shape position in shank hole (1-a-2).

3. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the plate body (2-2-1) of the supporter (2-2) There is flying height (S) between bottom surface and mounting plate (1).

4. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the flying height (S) is 0.3 ~ 1.0mm.

5. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: six angles of the friction piece (2-1) are circle Arc angle.

6. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the plate body (2-2-1) of the supporter (2-2) It is identical as friction chassis (2-1-2) size and shape.

7. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the arc chord angle of friction main body (2-1) is big Small R1 and be 0.18~0.22 to the ratio of edge lengths L1；Rub chassis (2-1-2) arc chord angle size R2 with to edge lengths L2's Than being 0.18~0.22.

8. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the width of the channel of chip removal (P) is at least 3mm。

9. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the height (H) of friction chassis (2-1-2) For 2~5mm.

10. elastic floating brake lining according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the gear of each friction side chassis (2-1-2) Block and the running clearance (J) of friction side side chassis (2-1-2) are 0.45~0.55 mm.