CN109980348A - A kind of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, which is characterized by comprising an upper radiating element layer, a middle layer of a dielectric base layer and a lower grounding plate layer, and the radiating element layer and the grounding plate layer are made of conductive yarns , connected by feeder lines; the dielectric base layer adopts non-conductive yarn; the radiation element layer, the dielectric base layer and the ground plane layer adopt a three-dimensional orthogonal structure, all composed of warp yarns and weft yarns, and the warp yarns and weft yarns are perpendicular to each other and have no Interweaving, the radiating element layer, the medium base layer and the grounding plate layer are bound into a whole by interlacing the binding yarn on the weft yarn along the warp direction. The preparation method includes: selecting a non-conductive yarn, testing its dielectric constant, designing the size of a radiation element, and adopting a three-dimensional weaving method to obtain a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna. The wearable antenna obtained by the invention is woven with corrosion-resistant yarn, has good integrity, is easy to conform, can be adjusted with bending, has stable electromagnetic radiation performance, and has wide application prospects.

Description

Corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of antennas, and in particular relates to a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

At present, wireless communication technology has a wide range of applications in the fields of military defense, scientific research and exploration, industrial production, medical treatment, and civil communication. As an indispensable component in wireless communication, the antenna should have the ability to adapt to various working environments and maintain performance under harsh environmental conditions. The traditional communication antenna is a protruding structure, which occupies a large space, is not resistant to external force, and is easily damaged, which may hinder the user's movement and expose the position. Therefore, in the field of wearable antennas, microstrip antennas with a sheet-like structure and small size have been widely used. Placing the microstrip antenna on a relatively flat part such as the back of the garment is a common method in the current wearable field.

The microstrip antenna is generally composed of three layers of radiating element, dielectric substrate and grounding plate. Traditional microstrip antennas use rigid materials such as copper sheets, which cannot be bent and have poor conformal ability. In the process of wearing and using the human body, the performance will be affected and the service life will be shortened due to bending. In recent years, there have been studies at home and abroad using textile materials such as felt as dielectric substrates and using thinner conductive elements to improve the conformal capability of the antenna, and some achievements have been achieved. However, the antenna is still made of three-layer separated sheet-like structures. In some harsh environments, such as high temperature or external force impact, and bending conditions, delamination and fracture are prone to occur, causing damage to the antenna; In addition, traditional antennas mostly use materials that are not resistant to corrosion, so they are not suitable for special working environments such as chemical production and fire protection. However, the environment of this type of work is very dangerous, and it is crucial to maintain communication with the outside world during the operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems that the current wearable antenna has no flexibility, is not easy to conform, and cannot be used in harsh environments, and at the same time solves the problems of lamination The phenomenon of delamination caused by the bending process of the microstrip antenna.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, which is characterized in that it includes an upper radiating element layer, a middle layer of a dielectric base layer, and a lower grounding plate layer, the radiating element layer and the ground plane layer. The floor layer adopts conductive yarn, which is connected by feeding lines; the medium base layer adopts non-conductive yarn; the radiation element layer, the medium base layer and the ground plane layer adopt a three-dimensional orthogonal structure, which are all composed of warp yarns and weft yarns. Warp yarns and weft yarns They are perpendicular to each other and are not interwoven, and the radiation element layer, the medium base layer and the grounding plate layer are bound into a whole by interlacing the binding yarns on the weft yarns along the warp direction.

Preferably, the conductive yarn is a blended fiber of any one or more of carbon nanotube yarn, metal fiber, conductive coating fiber and carbon fiber.

Preferably, the non-conductive yarn is any one or more blended fibers of high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene fibers (ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers), polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and aramid fibers.

Preferably, the dielectric loss of the non-conductive yarn is less than 0.01.

More preferably, the dielectric constant of the high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene is 2.2-2.4, the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene is 1.8-2.2, and the dielectric constant of the aramid is 3.3.

The present invention also provides the above-mentioned preparation method of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Select non-conductive yarn, weave it into a three-dimensional orthogonal fabric on a three-dimensional loom, test and calculate its dielectric constant and dielectric loss; according to the obtained dielectric constant, calculate the radiation element through the antenna design empirical formula the basic size;

Step 2: Select conductive yarns, and weave a three-dimensional orthogonal structure on a three-dimensional loom together with the non-conductive yarns in Step 1, so that the conductive yarns are located on the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer, respectively, as the radiation element layer and the grounding plate layer, so that The conductive yarn is located in the middle layer as a medium base layer; the radiation element layer, the medium base layer and the ground plane layer are all composed of warp yarns and weft yarns, and the warp yarns and weft yarns are perpendicular to each other and are not interwoven. The interlacing in the warp direction binds the multi-layer fabrics into a whole, resulting in a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna.

Preferably, the frequency of the antenna design in the step 1 is 0.5-10 GHz, which can be adjusted as required, and can be 2.4 GHz for commercial wireless transmission, or other frequency bands for different fields.

Preferably, in the step 1, the non-conductive yarn is a blended fiber of any one or more of high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and aramid fiber; the dielectric loss of the non-conductive yarn is less than 0.01.

More preferably, the dielectric constant of the high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene is 2.2-2.4, the dielectric constant of the polytetrafluoroethylene is 1.8-2.2, and the dielectric constant of the aramid is 3.3.

Preferably, in the step 2, the conductive yarn is a blended fiber of any one or more of carbon nanotube yarn, metal fiber, conductive coating fiber and carbon fiber.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention combines textile three-dimensional weaving technology and antenna design technology to obtain a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, and imparts the wireless signal transmission function of the antenna to the fabric to obtain a new type of smart textile.

(2) The corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna obtained by the present invention adopts a three-dimensional orthogonal structure, and the warp and weft yarns are easy to slip with each other, so that the structure and shape of the antenna can be changed with the movement of the human body, while maintaining the stability of the antenna performance.

(3) The corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna obtained by the present invention is a three-dimensional integrated structure, and has the characteristics of anti-delamination compared with the laminated microstrip antenna.

(4) The corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna obtained by the present invention is completely woven from yarn, has good flexibility and conformability, and can be woven into clothing to achieve an invisible effect.

(5) The flexible wearable antenna obtained by the present invention is composed of corrosion-resistant materials, which have stable chemical properties, can work normally under harsh conditions, and are not easily damaged by corrosion.

(6) The corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna obtained by the present invention has broad application prospects in the fields of military national defense, scientific research and exploration, chemical production, petroleum, fire protection and the like.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna of the present invention;

2 is a top view of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna of the present invention;

3 is a front view of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna of the present invention;

4 is a right side view of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the dimension drawing of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna of the present invention;

Explanation of reference numerals: 1-radiating element layer, 2-dielectric base layer, 3-ground plate layer, 4-bundling yarn.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.

Antenna design empirical formula:

LG=L+0.2λ _g formula 1-6;

WG=L+0.2λ _g formula 1-7;

where f _r is the center frequency, ε _r is the dielectric constant of the fabric dielectric substrate, h is the thickness of the flexible antenna, c is the speed of light in vacuum, W and L are the width and length of the radiating element 1, respectively, λ ₀ is the free-space wavelength, WG and LG are the width and length of the finished flexible microstrip antenna.

Example 1

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , this embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, including an upper radiating element layer 1 , a middle layer dielectric base layer 2 and a lower grounding plate layer 3 . The radiating element layer 1 and the grounding plate layer 3 are made of chemically resistant carbon nanotube conductive yarns, which are connected by feeding lines; the medium base layer 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers; the radiation element layer 1, the medium base layer 2 and the connection are used. The floor layer 3 adopts a three-dimensional orthogonal structure, which is composed of warp yarns and weft yarns, and the warp yarns and weft yarns are perpendicular to each other and are not interwoven. Floor layers 3 are tied into one whole.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna is as follows:

Step 1: Use 562dtex PTFE fiber (Shandong Senrong New Material Co., Ltd.) as a non-conductive yarn, woven into a three-dimensional orthogonal fabric on a three-dimensional loom, test and calculate its dielectric constant , the operating frequency of the antenna designed in this embodiment is 2.4 GHz, and the dielectric constant of the prepared material is estimated to be 1.9 through the theoretical relationship between the operating frequency and the dielectric constant in the empirical formula. According to the empirical formula of antenna design, the size parameters of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna based on PTFE fiber are calculated;

As shown in Figure 5, where W and L are the width and length of radiating element 1, respectively, WG and LG are the width and length of the finished corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, FL is the length of the microstrip line, and FD is the length of the microstrip line. Width; where: W and L are both 4.2 cm, WG and LG are 12 cm, FL is 4 cm, FD is 2.2 cm,

Step 2: Use carbon nanotube yarn with a diameter of 200 μm (Suzhou Jie Di Nano Technology Co., Ltd., model SCNC-F) as the conductive yarn to prepare the radiation element layer and the ground plane layer, and use the polytetrafluoroethylene fiber in step 1 as the conductive yarn. The non-conductive yarn is used to prepare the medium matrix layer, and the weaving process of multiple sets of heald frames is used to control the movement mode of the bundled yarn by controlling the heald frame; at the same time, the multi-rapier weft insertion process is used to control the movement mode of the weft yarn, and weaving a three-dimensional woven orthogonal structure antenna;

First, both the PTFE yarn and the carbon nanotube yarn are drawn out from the creel, and pre-layered through the front steel buckle. The binding yarn 6 (polytetrafluoroethylene yarn) passes through the heddle eyelet, and the warp yarn is divided into Four layers, the upper and lower layers are carbon nanotube yarns, the middle two layers are polytetrafluoroethylene yarns, the warp yarns pass between the healds of the two heald frames, and after the heald frames are layered up and down, a multi-layer shed is formed. The yarn distribution of each layer is, from top to bottom, carbon nanotube yarns constituting the radiation element layer, two layers of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers constituting the medium matrix layer, and carbon nanotube yarns constituting the grounding plate; the weft yarns are polytetrafluoroethylene Vinyl yarn, after being introduced by the rapier, the heald frame alternates up and down, the binding yarn is teflon yarn to complete the interweaving, the warp and weft yarns are bundled into a whole, and then the reed completes the beating, and the winding work is completed by the motor winding. , the weaving of the three-dimensional fabric is completed after the reciprocating cycle;

When weaving the parts other than the radiating element, the top layer does not introduce carbon nanotube yarns, nor does the warp carbon nanotube yarns be woven into it; when weaving the radiating elements, conductive yarns are woven into it to form a fabric-structured microstrip antenna. . Warp and weft density of the finally obtained three-dimensional orthogonal fabric: 10 pcs/cm; bundle yarn density: 10 pcs/cm.

After the preparation is completed, check whether the size of the radiating element patch meets the parameter requirements, and make sure that the upper and lower layers of the fabric have no current conduction. After the confirmation, the base of the coaxial connector and the feed core are respectively welded to the ground plate and the feeder. , to complete the preparation of a three-dimensional orthogonal corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna. After testing, after being placed in a strong acid environment with a pH value of 3 for 5 hours, the standing wave ratio of the three-dimensional orthogonal corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna is still about 1.5, the resonance frequency is 2.4GHz, and the gain performance is about 4dB.

Example 2

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , this embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, including an upper radiating element layer 1 , a middle layer dielectric base layer 2 and a lower grounding plate layer 3 . The radiating element layer 1 and the grounding plate layer 3 are made of chemically resistant carbon nanotube conductive yarns, which are connected by feeding lines; the medium base layer 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers; the radiation element layer 1, the medium base layer 2 and the connection are used. The floor layer 3 adopts a three-dimensional orthogonal structure, which is composed of warp yarns and weft yarns, and the warp yarns and weft yarns are perpendicular to each other and are not interwoven. Floor layers 3 are tied into one whole.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna is as follows:

Step 1: Using the high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene fiber (Shanghai Sirui Technology Co., Ltd.) with a fineness of 222dtex and a model of SP200 as a non-conductive yarn, weaving it into a three-dimensional orthogonal fabric on a three-dimensional loom, testing and calculating its dielectric Constant and dielectric loss, the working frequency of the antenna designed in this embodiment is 1.5GHz, and the dielectric constant of the prepared material is calculated to be 1.3 through the theoretical relationship between the working frequency and the dielectric constant in the empirical formula. According to the antenna design empirical formula, the size parameters of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna based on high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene fibers are calculated;

As shown in Figure 5, where W and L are the width and length of radiating element 1, respectively, WG and LG are the width and length of the finished corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, FL is the length of the microstrip line, and FD is the length of the microstrip line. Width; where: W and L are both 4.8 cm, WG and LG are 14 cm, FL is 4.2 cm, FD is 2 cm,

Step 2: The carbon nanotube film with a thickness of 22.1 μm (Suzhou Nanotechnology and Nano-Bionics Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences) was prepared into a film-forming winding yarn, which was used as a conductive yarn to prepare the radiation element layer and the grounding plate layer. The high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene in step 1 The fibers are non-conductive yarns to prepare the medium matrix layer. The multi-group heald frame weaving process is used to control the movement of the bundled yarns by controlling the heald frames. At the same time, the multi-rapier weft insertion process is used to control the movement of the weft yarns to weave three-dimensional woven fabrics. Orthogonal structure antenna;

The weaving method is the same as that of Example 1, and the warp and weft density of the finally obtained three-dimensional orthogonal fabric is 12 pieces/cm; the bundled yarn density is 10 pieces/cm.

After the preparation is completed, check whether the size of the radiating element patch meets the parameter requirements, and confirm that the upper and lower layers of the fabric have no current conduction. After the confirmation is completed, the base of the coaxial connector and the feeder core are respectively welded to the ground plate and the feeder. , to complete the preparation of a three-dimensional orthogonal corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna. After testing, after being placed in a strong acid environment with a pH value of 3 for 5 hours, the standing wave ratio of the three-dimensional orthogonal corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna is still about 1.4, the resonance frequency is 1.5GHz, and the gain performance is about 2.5dB.

Example 3

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , this embodiment provides a corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, including an upper radiating element layer 1 , a middle layer dielectric base layer 2 and a lower grounding plate layer 3 . The radiating element layer 1 and the grounding plate layer 3 are made of chemically resistant carbon nanotube conductive yarns, which are connected by feeding lines; the medium base layer 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers; the radiation element layer 1, the medium base layer 2 and the connection are used. The floor layer 3 adopts a three-dimensional orthogonal structure, which is composed of warp yarns and weft yarns, and the warp yarns and weft yarns are perpendicular to each other and are not interwoven. Floor layers 3 are tied into one whole.

The preparation method of the above-mentioned corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna is as follows:

Step 1: Take aramid fiber (kevlar129) (DuPont, USA) with a fineness of 158tex as a non-conductive yarn, and weave it into a three-dimensional orthogonal fabric on a three-dimensional loom, test and calculate its dielectric constant and dielectric loss , the operating frequency of the antenna designed in this embodiment is 5 GHz, and the dielectric constant of the prepared material is estimated to be 2.4 through the theoretical relationship between the operating frequency and the dielectric constant in the empirical formula. According to the antenna design empirical formula, the size parameters of the corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna based on aramid fiber are calculated;

As shown in Figure 5, where W and L are the width and length of radiating element 1, respectively, WG and LG are the width and length of the finished corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, FL is the length of the microstrip line, and FD is the length of the microstrip line. Width; where: W and L are both 4 cm, WG and LG are 12 cm, FL is 3.8 cm, FD is 1.8 cm,

Step 2: Use carbon nanotube yarn with a diameter of 200 μm (Suzhou Jiedi Nano Technology Co., Ltd., model SCNC-F) as the conductive yarn to prepare the radiation element layer and the ground plane layer, and use the aramid fiber in step 1 as the non-conductive yarn The yarn is used to prepare the medium matrix layer, and the multi-group heald frame weaving process is used to control the movement mode of the bundled yarn by controlling the heald frame; at the same time, the multi-rapier weft insertion process is used to control the movement mode of the weft yarn, and weaving a three-dimensional woven orthogonal structure antenna ;

The weaving method is the same as that of Example 1, and the warp and weft density of the finally obtained three-dimensional orthogonal fabric: 5 pieces/cm; the density of binding yarns: 5 pieces/cm.

After the preparation is completed, check whether the size of the radiating element patch meets the parameter requirements, and confirm that the upper and lower layers of the fabric have no current conduction. After the confirmation is completed, the base of the coaxial connector and the feeder core are respectively welded to the ground plate and the feeder. , to complete the preparation of a three-dimensional orthogonal corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna. After testing, after being placed in a strong acid environment with a pH value of 3 for 5 hours, the standing wave ratio of the three-dimensional orthogonal corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna is still about 1.6, the resonance frequency is 5GHz, and the gain performance is about 3dB.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna, which is characterized in that the medium of radiation element layer (1), middle layer including upper layer The ground panel (3) of base layer (2) and lower layer, the radiation element layer (1) and ground panel (3) use conductive yarn, pass through feedback Electric wire connection；Dielectric matrix layer uses non-conducting yarns；The radiation element layer (1), dielectric matrix layer (2) and ground panel (3) It using three-dimensional orthogonal structure, is made of warp thread and weft yarn, is mutually perpendicular between warp thread and weft yarn and does not interweave, pass through bundle It ties up yarn (4) and radiation element layer (1), dielectric matrix layer (2) and ground panel (3) is tied up into one along warp thread direction intertexture on weft yarn It is whole.

2. corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the conductive yarn is carbon nano-tube yarn The blend fibre of any one or more in line, metallic fiber, conductive coating fiber and carbon fiber；The non-conducting yarns are Any one or more blend fibre in high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and aramid fiber.

3. the preparation method of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps:

Step 1: selection non-conducting yarns are weaved into three-dimensional orthogonal fabric on three-dimensional loom, test and calculate its dielectric Constant and dielectric loss；According to obtained dielectric constant, the basic size of radiation element is calculated by Antenna Design empirical equation；

Step 2: selection conductive yarn carries out the positive knot of weaving three-dimensional together with non-conducting yarns in step 1 on three-dimensional loom Structure, so that conductive yarn is located at top layer and lowest level, as radiation element layer (1) and ground panel (3), so that conductive yam Line is located at middle layer, as dielectric matrix layer (2)；The radiation element layer (1), dielectric matrix layer (2) and ground panel (3) by Warp thread and weft yarn composition, are mutually perpendicular between warp thread and weft yarn and do not interweave, by bundled yarn along warp thread side on weft yarn Multilayer fabric is bundled into an entirety to interweaving, obtains corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna.

4. the preparation method of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that day in the step 1 The frequency of line design is 0.5~10GHz.

5. the preparation method of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that non-in the step 1 Conductive yarn is the blended of any one or more in high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fibre and aramid fiber Fiber；The dielectric loss of non-conducting yarns is less than 0.01.

6. the preparation method of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the high-strength and high-modulus is poly- The dielectric constant of ethylene is 2.2~2.4, and the dielectric constant of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is 1.8~2.2, and the dielectric constant of aramid fiber is 3.3.

7. the preparation method of corrosion-resistant flexible wearable antenna as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that led in the step 2 Electric yarn is the blended fibre of any one or more in carbon nanotube yarn, metallic fiber, conductive coating fiber and carbon fiber Dimension.