Arc-resistance piece structure and contacts of vacuum switch
Technical field
The present invention relates to arc-resistance piece structure and contacts of vacuum switch, in particular for the arc-resistance piece structure and the contacts of vacuum switch of high-pressure vacuum switch.
Background technology
Switchgear is a kind of equipment that must use in the circuit, and it plays a part to close closes, cut-offs circuit.In the interrupting process of switch contact, can produce electric arc, producing arc column from the cathode protection burning is the plasma arc of the conical surface.Especially in high-tension circuit, the electric arc that switch produces is especially strong.
Electric arc can make the temperature of switch raise and the loss switch, and the existence of electric arc can reduce the electric current breaking capacity of contact.Therefore must carry out arc extinguishing in the switching process of switch contact.Use mostly in the present switchgear and carry out arc extinguishing such as oil, sulphur hexafluoride, air, semiconductor or vacuum etc., its corresponding characteristics difference of different arc-extinguishing mediums, because vacuum switch has less clearance, higher proof voltage ability, lower arc voltage, higher breaking current ability, lower electrical wear and higher electric life, therefore is widely used in the power circuit.
Switch is when disconnecting, the contact area of switch ends contact reduces gradually, has only a contact point up between contact, and contact resistance increases gradually simultaneously, therefore the temperature of contact point region raises gradually, be higher than the fusing point of contact point up to temperature, also evaporation ionization of contact point fusing, metal vapors makes the discharge in the vacuum be maintained, produce vacuum arc, in the moment that contact disconnects, contact surface forms the cathode protection of burning shape, finishes the electric disconnection of contact at last.
But electric arc can not be eliminated ground fully, and therefore existing high-voltage switch gear all has are-tight on switch contact.Are-tight of the contacts of vacuum switch of prior art is used metals such as copper or chromium, perhaps use chromiumcopper, the anti-melting welding ability because the little voltage endurance capability of resistance of copper is strong, the big voltage endurance capability of resistance is poor and the anti-melting welding ability of chromium is strong still, though it is strong therefore to wish to reach anti-melting welding ability simultaneously, the strong big voltage endurance capability of resistance of weldering ability is poor, though it is strong therefore to wish to reach anti-melting welding ability simultaneously, breaking capacity is strong and shut off value is little, but this but becomes a kind of contradiction, can't realize simultaneously.Can only realize one of them of requirement of breaking capacity, voltage endurance capability and shut off value by the ratio of selecting different copper and chromium, but will inevitably sacrifice other abilities, can't realize simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to realize simultaneously are-tight high anti-melting welding ability, strong breaking capacity and little shut off value of contacts of vacuum switch.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of arc-resistance piece structure of contacts of vacuum switch, comprise are-tight with breaking capacity, described are-tight upper surface is embedded with at least one and is used for cutting off the little shut off value parts of electric arc that produce when vacuum switch cut-offs.
Described little shut off value parts have the hole that at least one runs through, and described are-tight parts correspondence position also has the hole of running through.It is characterized in that: the material of described are-tight parts is CuCr, and the percentage by weight of Cr wherein is 10% to 30%.Described CuCr is a powdery, and Cu is extremely-400 orders of-80 orders, and Cr is that-80 orders are to-400 orders.The material of described little shut off value parts is AgWC, and wherein the percentage by weight of Ag is 10% to 90%.Described are-tight parts surface is embedded with at least one and prevents to melt when contact from cut-offfing the anti-melting welding parts that are bonded together.The material of described anti-melting welding parts is CuCr, and the percentage by weight of Cr wherein is 30% to 90%.Described CuCr is a powdery, and Cu is extremely-400 orders of-80 orders, and Cr is that-80 orders are to-400 orders.The material of described anti-melting welding parts can be CuW, and wherein the percentage by weight of W is 0.5% to 2%.Described CuW is a powdery, and Cu is that-80 orders are to-400 orders.Described anti-melting welding parts material can also be CuWWC, and wherein the percentage by weight of WWC is 0.5% to 2%.Described little shut off value parts are more than one.Described little shut off value parts are arranged between are-tight parts and the anti-melting welding parts.The arc-resistance piece structure of contacts of vacuum switch according to claim 13 is characterized in that: described anti-melting welding parts are positioned at described are-tight parts middle part, and described little shut off value parts are located on around the described anti-melting welding parts.The arc-resistance piece structure of contacts of vacuum switch according to claim 13, it is characterized in that: described anti-melting welding parts are ring-type, and at least one is located on the described are-tight parts, described little shut off value parts are positioned at described are-tight parts middle part and are located on described anti-melting welding part side.The degree of depth that described anti-melting welding parts embed is 0% to 100% of an are-tight component thickness.Described anti-melting welding parts projection is arranged on the are-tight parts.
The present invention also provides a kind of contacts of vacuum switch, comprise housing, conductive component, conductive substrate, magnetic production part and above-mentioned arc-resistance piece structure, wherein, described enclosure interior is laid conductive substrate, lay the magnetic production part on this conductive substrate, lay arc-resistance piece structure on this magnetic production part; This magnetic production part from a side to inner, offer the perforation notch from top to bottom, plug conductive component in the notch, this conductive component one end conflict conductive substrate, other end conflict arc-resistance piece structure, described magnetic production part is lower than the conductance of conductive substrate, arc-resistance piece structure and conductive component, and the material of described housing is the rigidity material that fusing point is higher than each parts fusing point that is provided with in it.
The little shut off value parts place that the contact of described vacuum switch is positioned at arc-resistance piece structure has the hole of running through contacts of vacuum switch.
Because the present invention is provided with on the anti-lonely part of the strong breaking capacity of contacts of vacuum switch, when cut-offfing, switch prevents the anti-melting welding parts that the contact fusing is bonded together, with the little shut off value parts that are used for cutting off the electric arc that produces when vacuum switch cut-offs, so the anti-melting welding ability of the present invention is strong, breaking capacity is strong and shut off value is low.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the anti-lonely part structure embodiment 1 of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of the arc-resistance piece structure embodiment 1 of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the anti-lonely part structure embodiment 2 of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of the anti-lonely part structure embodiment 2 of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the little shut off value parts of arc-resistance piece structure of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention cutaway view when equal with are-tight parts.
Cutaway view when Fig. 6 runs through anti-lonely parts for the little shut off value parts of anti-lonely part structure of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the generalized section of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Cutaway view when Fig. 6 runs through are-tight parts for the little shut off value parts of arc-resistance piece structure of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the generalized section of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the schematic cross-section of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.
Embodiment
In the material chromiumcopper of contacts of vacuum switch, the different effects that produce of content of copper and chromium are also different.Because the resistance of copper is little, so the well still anti-melting welding ability of breaking capacity; And the resistance of chromium is big, and the proof voltage ability is strong, so anti-melting welding ability is good, but breaking capacity is poor.And both shut off value are not very little.Shut off value as CuCr20 is 8A, and the shut off value of CuCr25 is 5A.And the shut off value of silver-colored tungsten carbide tool (AgWC) is very little, is generally 0.5-1A.If the percentage by weight of chromium is big in the chromiumcopper, as 30% to 90%, then anti-melting welding ability is strong and breaking capacity is poor; Percentage by weight as mistake chromium is little, as 10% to 30% strong and anti-melting welding ability of breaking capacity.Therefore thought of the present invention is exactly to utilize the advantage separately of these materials and the contact that is integrated into a vacuum switch.
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, be vertical view and the cutaway view of the arc-resistance piece structure embodiment 1 of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.Are-tight parts 1 are circular, and thickness is 20mm, and material is a chromiumcopper, and the percentage by weight of chromium is 25% (CuCr25); Cu is-400 orders, and Cr is-400 orders, and are-tight parts 1 upper surface is embedded with two little shut off value parts 3 of circle, and material is the AgWC alloy, and the percentage by weight of Ag is 70%, and thickness is 5mm, and the surface of are-tight parts 1 is higher than the surface of little shut off value parts 3.
When the contact of vacuum switch disconnected, the contact area of contact reduced gradually, has only a contact point up between contact, and contact resistance increases gradually simultaneously, because are-tight layer 1 is CuCr25, its resistance is little, so the breaking capacity of contact is strong.The fusing point that is higher than contact point up to temperature, contact point fusing and evaporation ionization, metal vapors makes the discharge in the vacuum be maintained, produce vacuum arc, in the moment that contact disconnects, contact surface forms the cathode protection of burning shape, again because the electric current that dams of little shut off value parts 3 is very little, so can the horse back breaking arc.Therefore both realized strong breaking capacity having little shut off value again.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, be vertical view and the cutaway view of the arc-resistance piece structure embodiment 2 of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.Are-tight parts 1 are circular, and thickness is 15mm, and material is a chromiumcopper, and the percentage by weight of chromium is 20% (CuCr20); Cu is-325 orders, and Cr is-325 orders, and are-tight parts 1 upper surface is embedded with annular anti-melting welding parts 2, thickness is 17mm, and material is a chromiumcopper, and the percentage by weight of chromium is 50% (CuCr50), Cu is-325 orders, and Cr is-325 orders, and the surface of anti-melting welding parts 2 is higher than the surface of are-tight parts 1.Be embedded with three little shut off value parts 3 of circle around the anti-melting welding parts 2 of are-tight parts 1 upper surface, material is the AgWC alloy, and the percentage by weight of Ag is 2%, and thickness is 7mm, surperficial equal with are-tight parts 1.
When the contact of vacuum switch disconnected, the contact area of contact reduced gradually, has only a contact point up between contact, and contact resistance increases gradually simultaneously, because are-tight layer 1 is CuCr20, its resistance is little, so the breaking capacity of contact is strong.The fusing point that is higher than contact point up to temperature, contact point fusing and evaporation ionization, metal vapors makes the discharge in the vacuum be maintained, and produces vacuum arc, in the moment that contact disconnects, contact surface forms the cathode protection of burning shape, because anti-melting welding parts 2 are CuCr50, its anti-melting welding ability is strong again, fusing seldom when temperature raise, and two contacts are bonded together, have again because the electric current that dams of little shut off value parts 3 is very little, so can the horse back breaking arc.Therefore both realized strong breaking capacity, possessed good anti-melting welding ability again, and shut off value had been very little.
In the present embodiment, are-tight parts 1 can be any metal or alloy with strong breaking capacity, and as the chromiumcopper of the percentage by weight from 10% to 30% of chromium, its breaking capacity is all very strong.And anti-melting welding parts 2 can be any metal or alloy with strong anti-melting welding ability, all be that fusing is bonded together when being used for preventing the contact folding, as the percentage by weight of W 0.5 to 2% tungsten copper (CuW), or the percentage by weight of tungsten tungsten carbide tool (WWC) is 0.5 to 2% copper tungsten tungsten carbide tool (CuWWC), perhaps be the chromiumcopper of the percentage by weight from 30% to 90% of chromium, its anti-melting welding ability is not poor.Cu in the above-mentioned chromiumcopper can for-80 orders to-400 orders, and Cr can be from-80 orders to-400 orders.Are-tight parts 1 are generally 10 to 20mm, anti-melting welding parts 2 are 5 to 20mm, the degree of depth that embeds are-tight parts 1 be are-tight parts 1 thickness 0% to 100%, promptly both can protrude in are-tight parts 1 or for very thin one deck also can be after embedding equal with the upper surface of are-tight parts 1 or run through are-tight parts 1.Anti-melting welding parts 2 can for more than one and shape without limits, as circular, rectangle or annular or the like.Little shut off value parts can be the very little metal or alloy of any shut off value, as the percentage by weight of Ag 10 to 90% AgWc, be generally 5 to 10mm thick, can embed are-tight parts 1 inner or with are-tight parts 1 equal (as shown in Figure 5), the degree of depth that embeds is 0% to 100% of are-tight parts 1 thickness, can think that very thin one deck also can run through (as shown in Figure 6).And this contact can have a hole of running through at little shut off value parts 3 places, and the electric arc that produces when being used for being guided out switch and cut-offfing helps reducing electric arc and breaking arc more.
As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, be the generalized section and the schematic cross-section of contacts of vacuum switch of the present invention.This contacts of vacuum switch comprises a housing 4, and this housing is that fusing point is 1100 ℃ a stainless steel, and these housing 4 bottoms are provided with conductive substrate 5, and this conductive substrate 5 is a copper, and 50mm is thick; Be laid with magnetic production part 8 on this conductive substrate 5, this magnetic production part 8 is coated with insulating barrier 80, and this magnetic production part 8 is a copper material; Lay arc-resistance piece structure 9 on this magnetic production part 8, this magnetic production part 8 from a side to inner, offer and connect notch 6 from top to bottom, the width of notch 6 can for the housing width 10% to 90% between, be 40% herein, plug conductive component 7 in the notch 6, these conductive component 8 one end conflict conductive substrates 5, other end conflict arc-resistance piece structure 9.Therefore, magnetic production part 8 all insulate with conductive substrate 5, arc-resistance piece structure 9 and conductive component 7, and the conductance of magnetic production part 8 is all lower than conductive substrate 5, arc-resistance piece structure 9 and conductive component 7.Conductive substrate can also be silver, and thickness is between the 1mm-100mm.Arc-resistance piece structure 9 is identical with embodiment 2, repeats no more herein.This contact can have the hole of running through contacts of vacuum switch at the little shut off value parts place that is positioned at arc-resistance piece structure, and the electric arc that produces when being used for being guided out switch and cut-offfing helps reducing electric arc and breaking arc more.
Contacts of vacuum switch integral body of the present invention is integrated direct package assembly, does not need to carry out soldering and connects, and changes the structure that each isolation of components is provided with in the prior art.The magnetic field intensity of contact is big, and good heat conductivity has high breaking current capacity and long electric life.The longitudinal magnetic field of contact is evenly distributed contact surface, is more suitable for having bigger breaking capacity in big capacity switch.During fabrication, magnetic produces the soft magnetic substance and the stratified pieces of material such as powdery and inserts in the housing, through the high temperature furnace molten sintering promptly