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CN100474761C - Intelligent control system and method for carrier cancellation in feedforward linear power amplifier - Google Patents

Intelligent control system and method for carrier cancellation in feedforward linear power amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100474761C
CN100474761C CNB2007100731473A CN200710073147A CN100474761C CN 100474761 C CN100474761 C CN 100474761C CN B2007100731473 A CNB2007100731473 A CN B2007100731473A CN 200710073147 A CN200710073147 A CN 200710073147A CN 100474761 C CN100474761 C CN 100474761C
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signal
carrier wave
offsets
output
power amplifier
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CN101051818A (en
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聂梦祥
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Shenzhen Guoren Communication Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种前馈线性功率放大器中载波对消的智能控制系统及方法,该系统包括:载波对消环路,载波信号输入第一耦合器,其直通输出信号经第一功率放大器和第一衰减器,输出一路载波对消信号至合路器;而第一耦合器的耦合输出信号经过延时器、第二衰减器以及用于作幅度和相位调整的矢量调制器,输出另外一路载波对消信号至合路器,合路器将两路载波对消信号作对消处理;检测器,检测合路器的输出端的信号,将其转化为直流电平输出;微处理器,根据检测器输出的直流电平,自动调整输出的控制电压,使经过矢量调制器处理后的一路载波对消信号与输入合路器的另一路载波对消信号进行对消。本发明无需加入导频信号,具有电路结构简单的优点。

Figure 200710073147

The invention discloses an intelligent control system and method for carrier cancellation in a feed-forward linear power amplifier. The system includes: a carrier cancellation loop, the carrier signal is input to a first coupler, and its direct output signal passes through the first power amplifier and the second coupler. An attenuator, which outputs a carrier cancellation signal to the combiner; while the coupled output signal of the first coupler passes through a delayer, a second attenuator, and a vector modulator for amplitude and phase adjustment, and outputs another carrier The cancellation signal is sent to the combiner, and the combiner cancels the two-way carrier cancellation signal; the detector detects the signal at the output end of the combiner, and converts it into a DC level output; the microprocessor, according to the output of the detector The DC level automatically adjusts the output control voltage, so that the carrier cancellation signal processed by the vector modulator and the other carrier cancellation signal input to the combiner are cancelled. The invention does not need to add pilot signals, and has the advantage of simple circuit structure.

Figure 200710073147

Description

Intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to feedforward linear power power amplifier technology in the wireless communication field, more precisely, the present invention relates to carrier wave offsets in a kind of feedforward linear power amplifier intelligence control system and method.
Background technology
Along with the development of the fast development of wireless communication technology, particularly CDMA and third generation radio communication, make system more and more higher to the linear requirement of power amplifier (abbreviating power amplifier as).For powerful power amplifier, if adopt the way of traditional back-off to improve the linearity of power amplifier, will cause the efficient of power amplifier lower (being generally less than 5%), crossing heat dissipation problem that low efficient makes power amplifier is difficult to resolve and determines, too high temperature has also further increased the unsteadiness of power amplifier, has shortened the useful life of high-power power tube.
The feedforward linear technology is as a kind of power amplifier linearization technology of maturation, because the disposal ability in its broadband and higher linearity degree of improvement, thereby obtained to use widely.A feedforward linear power amplifier all comprises two elementary cycles at least: carrier wave offsets loop and error offsets loop.Wherein, carrier wave offsets loop and finishes offseting of carrier signal, thereby carrier signal is separated with error signal, and error signal is extracted; Error offsets loop and then realizes offseting of error signal, and the error signal that extracts is through the adjustment of gain, phase place.Final these two kinds of error signal amplitude equate, phase place is opposite, thereby error signal is offseted elimination, obtains cleaner output signal, to have improved the linearity of power amplifier.
Wherein, the basic principle of signal cancellation is exactly equal, the phase place addition on the contrary mutually of amplitude of two signals, so the result of signal cancellation is by the amplitude of two paths of signals and phase difference decision, when the amplitude of two paths of signals and phase difference are uneven, will produce very big influence to offseting effect; And the amplitude of signal and phase place are subjected to the influence of factors such as ambient temperature, power output, frequency, supply power voltage, device aging, so two paths of signals can not be in the state that offsets an of the best all the time.Therefore need add Based Intelligent Control to this two paths of signals, self adaptation is just come the variation of the amplitude and the phase place of tracking signal, comes the value of automatic adjusting range and phase place according to the effect that offsets, and makes to offset to be in a kind of optimum state all the time.
Offset the Based Intelligent Control of loop for the feed forward power amplifier carrier wave, what extensively adopt at present is the control mode that adds pilot signal in carrier wave, please refer to theory diagram shown in Figure 1.The pilot signal that pilot signal generator 107 produces is injected into main power channels by coupler 101, coupling and straight-through output through coupler 102, through connect signal arrives an input of mixer 110 through after the amplification of main amplifier 103 through the coupling output of coupler 106; And after the coupling output signal process time-delay of delayer 108 through coupler 102, pass through the adjustment of the amplitude and the phase place of amplitude modulation phase modulator 109 again, arrive another input of mixer 110; This two paths of signals amplitude that arrives mixer 110 inputs equates, phase place is opposite, thereby realizes offseting.Be sent to detector 116 after passing through the coupling output of output signal (containing residual carrier signal, error signal, pilot signal) after mixer 110 offsets processing by coupler 113, detector 116 detects pilot signal, deliver to microprocessor (MCU) 118 after being converted into DC level, microprocessor 118 is controlled amplitude modulation phase modulator 109 automatically according to the level that detects, make detected level minimum, just make to offset to be in optimum state.
Though adopt the adaptive control mode extensive use of pilot tone,, there is following shortcoming in this control mode:
1, because the pilot signal frequency can not keep identical with frequency of carrier signal, and there is certain interval in both, so carrier wave is offseted the gain flatness (gain is with the variable quantity of frequency) and the phase shift linearity (phase-shift phase is with the value of frequency change) that two-way in the loop offsets signalling channel to be required high, otherwise just might occur when pilot signal is in the optimum state that offsets, and carrier signal is not the situation that is in the optimum state that offsets; And device itself can not be accomplished the complete linearity of the complete smooth and phase shift that gains, especially a plurality of device stacks, the index of the gain flatness and the phase shift linearity is worsened, and the too high requirement of these two indexs has increased difficulty also for actual production debugging, the efficient that influence is produced in batches, its operability is relatively poor;
If 2 since factors such as gain flatness and the phase shift linearity cause that carrier signal that carrier wave offsets loop offsets the slake pilot signal and do not reach ideal effect, pilot signal and carrier signal offset loop in error and can influence each other, and produce new intermodulation signal.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose intelligence control system and the method that carrier wave offsets in a kind of feedforward linear power amplifier, need not add pilot signal, making carrier wave offset loop can adjust automatically according to the variation of the amplitude of carrier signal and phase place, to reach the optimum state that carrier signal offsets.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention discloses the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in a kind of feedforward linear power amplifier, comprising:
Carrier wave offsets loop, comprise that the carrier signal that will import is treated to the two-way carrier wave that amplitude equates, phase place is opposite respectively and offsets signal, and the two-way carrier wave offseted the mixer that signal offsets processing, wherein, carrier signal is imported first coupler, its straight-through output signal is exported one road carrier wave and is offseted signal to mixer through first power amplifier and first attenuator; And the coupling output signal of first coupler is passed through delayer, second attenuator and be used to the amplitude of doing and the vector modulator of phase place adjustment, exports other one road carrier wave and offsets signal to mixer;
Detector is coupled to the output that carrier wave offsets mixer in the loop, detects the signal of the output of mixer, is translated into DC level output;
Microprocessor, be connected detector and offset in the loop among the vector modulator, DC level according to detector output, automatically adjust and export vector modulator to, be used to control vector modulator and make the control voltage that amplitude and phase place are adjusted, another road carrier wave that makes road carrier wave after handling through vector modulator offset signal and input mixer offsets signal and offsets.
More excellent, described carrier wave offsets loop and also comprises second power amplifier, is connected between vector modulator and the mixer, in order to the decay of compensation vector modulator.
More excellent, described carrier wave offsets loop and also comprises second coupler, and its input is connected with the output of first power amplifier, and the coupling output is connected with the input of first attenuator.
More excellent, described carrier wave offsets loop and also comprises the 3rd coupler, and its input is connected with the output of mixer, and the coupling output is connected with the input of detector.
Accordingly, the present invention also discloses the intelligence control method that carrier wave offsets in a kind of feedforward linear power amplifier, comprising:
Steps A, the carrier signal of input is treated to two carrier waves that amplitude equates, phase place is opposite offsets signal, the two paths of signals of input is offseted processing as carrier wave by mixer;
Step B, detection offset the signal after the processing, are translated into DC level and export microprocessor to;
Step C, microprocessor are according to DC level, automatically adjust output output and be used to control carrier signal is made control voltage Q and the I that the Vector Modulation of amplitude and phase place is handled, another road carrier wave that makes road carrier wave after handling through Vector Modulation offset signal and input mixer offsets signal and offsets;
Wherein, in the steps A carrier signal of input being treated to the step that the two-way carrier wave offsets signal comprises:
The carrier signal of steps A 1, input is handled through overcoupling, and its straight-through output signal is exported one road carrier wave and offseted signal to mixer after power amplification, attenuation processing;
Coupling output signal after steps A 2, coupling are handled is through delay process, attenuation processing and make amplitude and the Vector Modulation processing of phase place adjustment, exports other one road carrier wave and offsets signal to mixer.
More excellent, in the described steps A 2, also comprise:
The signal that Vector Modulation is handled carries out the power amplification processing, adjusts the gain of signal.
More excellent, among the described step C, microprocessor is adjusted the control voltage Q of output output automatically and the step of I specifically comprises:
Step C1, determine to be provided with the convergence point of control voltage Q and I;
Whether the output level of step C2, microprocessor judges detector output end exceeds critical value, if change step C1 over to, otherwise keep the control voltage Q and the I of output constant.
More excellent, described step C1 specifically comprises:
Step C11, the initial value of control voltage Q and I is set;
Step C12, to fix one of them control voltage Q or I, another control voltage I or Q change towards a direction stepping N;
Step C13, by the output level of reading detector, judge whether the variation of output level diminishes, if, repeating step C12 then, otherwise control voltage I or Q stepping N in the opposite direction change, up to the convergence point of finding out control voltage I or Q;
Step C14, with step C12 and step C13 same way as, find the convergence point of another one control voltage Q or I.
More excellent, after step C14, also comprise:
With the stepping is that N/m (m is the natural number more than or equal to 2) changes, and repeating step C12 is to step C14.
More excellent, described m is 2 or/and 4.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is the residual signal level size after direct detected carrier offsets, with this as judging that whether best carrier wave offset foundation, therefore, the present invention no longer needs pilot signal, therefore no longer need pilot signal generation circuit, the signal deteching circuit after carrier wave offsets is simple than pilot tone mode also, no longer needs filter circuit that pilot tone and carrier separation are come, therefore circuit structure is simple, can reduce cost.
In addition, the present invention offsets ring gain flatness and phase shift linearity index request by reducing the feed forward power amplifier carrier wave, reduces the debugging difficulty that the feedforward linear power amplifier carrier wave offsets ring, improves its actual operability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the existing intelligence control system schematic diagram that adopts the feed forward power amplifier carrier wave that adds pilot signal to offset loop;
Fig. 2 is the intelligence control system schematic diagram that feed forward power amplifier carrier wave of the present invention offsets loop;
Fig. 3 is the intelligence control method schematic flow sheet that feed forward power amplifier carrier wave of the present invention offsets loop.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, be the intelligence control system schematic diagram that feed forward power amplifier carrier wave of the present invention offsets loop.Carrier wave of the present invention offsets loop and comprises that two offset signal path: the one, constitute by first coupler 201, first power amplifier 202, second coupler 203, first attenuator 208 and mixer 210; Another path is to be made of first coupler 201, delayer 204, second attenuator 205, vector modulator 206, second power amplifier 207 and mixer 210.
Carrier signal inputs to first coupler 201, handles through the coupling of first coupler 201, and the through connect signal of its straight-through output output is sent to first power amplifier 202 and carries out power amplification; Because first power amplifier 202 is non-linear, the signal of this moment had both contained carrier signal, also contained spurious signal, just error signal; Through the coupling of second coupler 203, the through connect signal of its straight-through output output enters error and offsets loop 213 then, and after the coupled signal of coupling output output enters first attenuator 208 and make attenuation processing, enters an input of mixer 210.
And the coupled signal of the coupling output of first coupler 201 output is fed to delayer 204, be transferred into second attenuator 205 through after the delay process, be transferred into vector modulator 206 through after the attenuation processing, do the adjustment processing of amplitude and phase place through vector modulator 206 after, by second power amplifier, 207 rate of doing work processing and amplifying, be sent to the another one input of mixer 210.
Be input to the two paths of signals of mixer 210, wherein one road signal contains carrier signal and error signal, and other one the tunnel is cleaner carrier signal, and the two paths of signals amplitude equates that phase place is opposite.Through mixer 210 offset processing after, contain residual carrier signal and error signal in the remaining signal, though this moment, the carrier signal major part was cancelled, because error signal is wanted about little 40dB with respect to carrier signal before offseting; And actual carrier wave offsets about 30dB, thus the carrier signal that remains residual in the residual signal after offseting occupy an leading position, so the foundation that can offset as the judgement carrier wave with the residual signal size after offseting.
The residual signal after the processing of offseting through mixer 210, by 209 couplings of the 3rd coupler, the coupled signal of its coupling output output inputs to detector 211, by detector 211 detection signals, is translated into DC level and exports microprocessor (MCU) 212 to.And microprocessor 212 is adjusted the control voltage that vector modulator 206 is used to control the amplitude and the phase place of automatic adjustment signal automatically according to the size of the DC level that receives, the DC level minimum that microprocessor 212 is received, the carrier wave that just makes this carrier wave offset loop offset handles the effect that offsets that reaches best.
Wherein, handle the back signal by offseting of mixer 210, through processings that be coupled of the 3rd coupler 209, the through connect signal that its straight-through output is exported inputs to error and offsets loop 213; Error offsets loop 213 and will be respectively does the processing that offsets of error signal from the through connect signal of the straight-through output output of second, third coupler 203 and 209.
In addition, the prior art that Fig. 2 of the present invention is shown in Figure 1 has relatively increased by one second attenuator 205 in the front of vector modulator 206, and the back has increased by one second power amplifier 207.This second power amplifier 207 is to be used for the gain reduction of compensation vector modulator 206, and second attenuator 205 can be adjusted the attenuation range of vector modulator 206 on the one hand flexibly, make vector modulator 206 be in the attenuation range an of the best, needn't change the second different power amplifier 207 of gain again; On the other hand, second attenuator 205 can improve the input standing wave of vector modulator 206.And the effect of first attenuator 208 is similar to the effect of attenuator 205, can adjust flexibly from first power amplifier 202 to the attenuation the mixer 210.Wherein, the common resistance of first, second attenuator 208 and 205 usefulness can be formed, and cost is very cheap, and debugging is convenient.
The present invention is the residual signal level size after direct detected carrier offsets, with this as judging that whether best carrier wave offset foundation.Because in the actual carrier wave cancellation process, the little situation of residual carrier signal level ratio error signal level in the signal of back of handling can't appear offseting, so remaining residual carrier signal in the signal after offseting occupies an leading position, signal level value was judged the situation that carrier wave offsets after event can directly detect and offset, signal level value after offseting hour, just offset the residual carrier signal level value minimum in back, offset and be in optimum state this moment.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, see also shown in Figure 3ly simultaneously, adjust vector modulator 206 for microprocessor among the present invention 212 automatically according to the size of the DC level that receives and be respectively applied for amplitude and the control voltage Q of phase place and 1 the realization flow schematic diagram of controlling the adjustment signal.
Step s310: an initial value is set for earlier the control voltage Q and the I of vector modulator 206, this initial value can be the convergency value that offsets of carrier wave in the past;
Step s320: fix a control voltage I, another one control voltage Q changes with a big stepping N towards a direction, the output level of microprocessor 212 reading detectors 211, if output level diminishes, illustrate that then this direction is tending towards convergence, control voltage Q continues to change with stepping N towards this direction, otherwise be to be tending towards convergence in the other direction, control voltage Q changes with stepping N in the opposite direction, and behind the convergence point that finds control voltage Q, and the convergence point that will control voltage Q is fixed;
Step s330: the convergence point that finds control voltage I again with the identical method of step s320;
Wherein, can transfer preface between step s320 and the step s330.
Step s340 and s350: the control voltage I that finds based on step s320 and step s330, the convergence point of Q, will change stepping and change (N/2) into, find the convergence point of control voltage I, Q with the method identical with step s330 with step s320;
Step s360 and step s370: the control voltage I that finds based on step s340 and step s350, the convergence point of Q, will change stepping and change (N/4) into, find the convergence point of control voltage I, Q with the method identical with step s330 with step s320;
Step s380: whether the output voltage of judging detector 211 exceeds critical value, if exceed, illustrates that carrier wave offsets not exclusively, needs the flow process of repeating step s320 to step s370, carrier wave is offseted be in an optimum state again, otherwise change step s390 over to;
Step s390: retentive control voltage I, Q are constant.
Adopt above-mentioned control flow, can find convergence point fast and accurately, the time that reduces to restrain, make microprocessor 212 can follow the tracks of carrier wave fast and offset the state of processing and carrier wave is offseted and be in optimum state all the time, thereby reach the purpose of Based Intelligent Control.

Claims (10)

1, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in a kind of feedforward linear power amplifier is characterized in that, comprising:
Carrier wave offsets loop, comprise that the carrier signal that will import is treated to the two-way carrier wave that amplitude equates, phase place is opposite respectively and offsets signal, and the two-way carrier wave offseted the mixer that signal offsets processing, wherein, carrier signal is imported first coupler, its straight-through output signal is exported one road carrier wave and is offseted signal to mixer through first power amplifier and first attenuator; And the coupling output signal of first coupler is passed through delayer, second attenuator and be used to the amplitude of doing and the vector modulator of phase place adjustment, exports other one road carrier wave and offsets signal to mixer;
Detector is coupled in the output that carrier wave offsets mixer in the loop, detects the signal of the output of mixer, is translated into DC level output;
Microprocessor, be connected detector and offset in the loop among the vector modulator, DC level according to detector output, automatically adjust and export vector modulator to, be used to control vector modulator and make the control voltage that amplitude and phase place are adjusted, another road carrier wave that makes road carrier wave after handling through vector modulator offset signal and input mixer offsets signal and offsets.
2, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carrier wave offsets loop and also comprises second power amplifier, is connected between vector modulator and the mixer, in order to the decay of compensation vector modulator.
3, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carrier wave offsets loop and also comprises second coupler, its input is connected with the output of first power amplifier, and the coupling output is connected with the input of first attenuator.
4, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described carrier wave offsets loop and also comprises the 3rd coupler, and its input is connected with the output of mixer, and the coupling output is connected with the input of detector.
5, the intelligence control method that carrier wave offsets in a kind of feedforward linear power amplifier is characterized in that, comprising:
Steps A, the carrier signal of input is treated to two carrier waves that amplitude equates, phase place is opposite offsets signal, the two paths of signals of input is offseted processing as carrier wave by mixer;
Step B, detection offset the signal after the processing, are translated into DC level and export microprocessor to;
Step C, microprocessor are according to DC level, automatically adjust output output and be used to control carrier signal is made control voltage Q and the I that the Vector Modulation of amplitude and phase place is handled, another road carrier wave that makes road carrier wave after handling through Vector Modulation offset signal and input mixer offsets signal and offsets;
Wherein, in the steps A carrier signal of input being treated to the step that the two-way carrier wave offsets signal comprises:
The carrier signal of steps A 1, input is handled through overcoupling, and its straight-through output signal is exported one road carrier wave and offseted signal to mixer after power amplification, attenuation processing;
Coupling output signal after steps A 2, coupling are handled is through delay process, attenuation processing and make amplitude and the Vector Modulation processing of phase place adjustment, exports other one road carrier wave and offsets signal to mixer.
6, the intelligence control method that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the described steps A 2, also comprises:
Vector Modulation is handled later signal carry out the power amplification processing, adjust the gain of signal.
7, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 5 is characterized in that, among the described step C, microprocessor is adjusted the control voltage Q of output output automatically and the step of I specifically comprises:
Step C1, determine to be provided with the convergence point of control voltage Q and I;
Whether the output level of step C2, microprocessor judges detector output end exceeds critical value, if change step C1 over to, otherwise keep the control voltage Q and the I of output constant.
8, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described step C1 specifically comprises:
Step C11, the initial value of control voltage Q and I is set;
Step C12, to fix one of them control voltage Q or I, another control voltage I or Q change towards a direction stepping N, N is a natural number;
Step C13, by the output level of reading detector, judge whether the variation of output level diminishes, if, repeating step C12 then, otherwise control voltage I or Q stepping N in the opposite direction change, up to the convergence point of finding out control voltage I or Q;
Step C14, with step C12 and step C13 same way as, find the convergence point of another one control voltage Q or I.
9, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 8 is characterized in that, after step C14, also comprises:
With the stepping is that N/m changes, and m is the natural number more than or equal to 2, and repeating step C12 is to step C14.
10, the intelligence control system that carrier wave offsets in the feedforward linear power amplifier according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described m is 2 or/and 4.
CNB2007100731473A 2007-01-30 2007-01-30 Intelligent control system and method for carrier cancellation in feedforward linear power amplifier Expired - Fee Related CN100474761C (en)

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