CN101185277B - Method,apparatus and system for providing acknowledgement signaling in a multi-carrier communication system - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for acknowledgment signaling in a multi-carrier system is provided. Multiple acknowledgment signals corresponding to multiple transmit carriers are received. The transmission carrier is associated with a first direction of transmission. Some of the acknowledgment signals are allocated to the first transmitter branch, and some of the remaining acknowledgment signals are allocated to the second transmitter branch. The plurality of acknowledgment signals are sent on a single transmission carrier associated with the second direction of transmission.

Description

The methods, devices and systems of confirming signaling are provided in multi-carrier communications systems

The cross reference of related application

The application is according to 35U.S.C. § 119 (e), require on May 26th, 2005 submit to be entitled as " Method and Apparatus For Providing Acknowledgment Signaling in aMulti-carrier Communication System " the 60/684th, the interests of formerly submitting day to of No. 688 U.S. Provisional Applications, it is completely integrated this by reference.

Technical field

The present invention relates to communication, more particularly, relate to signaling is provided in multicarrier system.

Background technology

Wireless communication system, for example cellular system---for example spread spectrum system (for example code division multiple access (CDMA) network) and time division multiple access (TDMA) network provides mobile convenience with abundant service and characteristic set to the user.This convenience has caused the ever-increasing consumer of quantity just to transmit in a large number voice-and-data (comprising text and graphical information) employing wireless communication system as accepted mode of communication commercial or that the individual uses.As a result, cellular service provider is constantly being challenged aspect the network that strengthens them and the service.Need exploitation multicarrier system trunk, partly be to identify larger data speed, to support complicated application and to the general requirements of systematic function preferably.

Needing to use and confirm (ACK) and/or Negative Acknowledgement (NACK), is success or unsuccessfully receive data with indication.Whether this mechanism is carried out by transmitter and receiver, must data retransmission to notify this transmitter.This mechanism can also be supported the current control of the exchanges data between the transmitter and receiver, and receiver passes to transmitter with the information that the receiver preparation receives more data thus.In single-carrier system, can realize the ACK/NACK signaling in relatively direct mode.Otherwise in multicarrier system, using ack/nack signal for each carrier wave is poor efficiency, and has destroyed the purpose of previous use multicarrier--larger available bandwidth and the target of associated throughput.Further, in multicarrier system, allocation of carriers can be quick and adaptive, and this is so that the ACK feedback is very complicated.Simultaneously, can't keep back compatible with traditional single-carrier system (for example 1x EV-DO).Therefore, should be understood that needs a kind of method, and ack/nack signal is provided in multicarrier system efficiently.

Therefore, need a kind of method, be used for providing more efficient signaling in multicarrier system.

Summary of the invention

The invention solves these demands and other demand, propose in the present invention a kind of method of the affirmation signaling in multicarrier system.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of method comprises: receive a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves.Described transmission carrier wave is related with the first direction of transmission.The method also comprises: in the described confirmation signal some are distributed to the first transmitter branch.The method also comprises: with in the described confirmation signal remaining some distribute to the second transmitter branch.The method further comprises: send described a plurality of confirmation signals at the single transmission carrier wave related with the second direction of transmission.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of device comprises: circuit, it is configured to receive a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves.Described transmission carrier wave is related with the first direction of transmission.Described circuit be further configured for: in the described confirmation signal some are distributed to the first transmitter branch; With in the described confirmation signal remaining some distribute to the second transmitter branch.Described a plurality of confirmation signal is sent out at the single transmission carrier wave related with the second direction of transmission.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of method comprises: the affirmation signal corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves sent to terminal.Described transmission carrier wave is related with the first direction of transmission, and wherein, some in the described confirmation signal are assigned to the first transmitter branch of described terminal, in the described confirmation signal remaining some be assigned to the second transmitter branch of described terminal.The method also comprises: receive described a plurality of confirmation signals at the single transmission carrier wave related with the second direction of transmission.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of device comprises: the first communication interface, it is configured to: a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves are sent to terminal.Described transmission carrier wave is related with the first direction of transmission, and wherein, some in the described confirmation signal are distributed by the first transmitter branch to described terminal, in the described confirmation signal remaining some be assigned to the second transmitter branch of described terminal.This device also comprises: receive described a plurality of confirmation signals at the single transmission carrier wave related with the second direction of transmission.

Simply by a plurality of specific embodiments and implementation are shown--carry out optimal mode of the present invention comprising being contemplated that, other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from following detailed description.The present invention can also have other different embodiment, and in the situation that do not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can revise its some details aspect obvious at each.Therefore, drawing and description are counted as being exemplary and not restrictive characteristic.

Description of drawings

By example rather than restriction the present invention is shown, in the accompanying drawings, similar label represents similar element, wherein,

Fig. 1 is the diagram according to the framework of the wireless system of the embodiment of the invention, and described wireless system comprises the Access Network (AN) that is configured to support the ACK/NACK signaling and access terminal (AT);

Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the process of a plurality of affirmations is provided in single reverse link according to the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is according to not only use homophase (I) branch of the embodiment of the invention but also uses quadrature (Q) branch that the diagram of the channel architecture of TDM (time division multiplexing)-ACK is provided;

Fig. 4 is not only using I branch but also using the diagram of the channel architecture of the CDM (code division multiplexing) of Q branch-ACK according to the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is the diagram of the channel architecture of the CDM (code division multiplexing) that only uses I branch-ACK;

Fig. 6 is the diagram that can be used to realize the hardware of each embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 A is the diagram that can support the different cellular mobile telephone system of each embodiment of the present invention with Fig. 7 B;

Fig. 8 is the diagram according to the example components of the mobile radio station that can move in the system of Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B of the embodiment of the invention; And

Fig. 9 is the diagram according to the enterprise network that can support process described here of the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Description will confirm that (ACK/NACK) signal not only distributed to homophase (I) branch of transmitter but also distributed to device, method and the software of quadrature (Q) branch of transmitter.In the following description, in order to explain, set forth a large amount of details, so that thorough understanding of the present invention to be provided.Yet it will be understood by those skilled in the art that can be in the situation that do not have these details or put into practice the present invention with equivalent.In other cases, with the block diagram form known configurations and equipment are shown, to avoid unnecessarily bluring the present invention.

Although with regard to radio circuit the present invention is discussed, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be applicable to the communication system of any type, includes wire system.

Fig. 1 is the diagram according to the framework of the wireless system of the embodiment of the invention, and described wireless system comprises the Access Network (AN) that is configured to support the ACK/NACK signaling and access terminal (AT).For example, radio net moves according to the third generation partner program 2 (3GPP2) of supporting HRPD (high rate packet data) (HRPD).Radio net 100 comprises one or more accessing terminal (AT) 101, and one of them AT101 is shown on the air interface 103 and communicates by letter with Access Network (AN).In cdma2000, AT is equal to mobile radio station, and Access Network is equal to the base station.AT101 provides data internuncial equipment to the user.For example, the AT101 data, services that can be connected to computing system (such as personal computer, personal digital assistant etc.) or enable cellular handset.Radio configuration comprises two kinds of operator scheme: 1X and multicarrier (being nX).Multicarrier system adopts a plurality of 1X carrier waves, to increase the data rate that arrives on the forward link AT101 (or mobile radio station).Therefore, different from the 1X technology is that multicarrier system is moved at a plurality of carrier waves.In other words, AT101 can access a plurality of carrier waves simultaneously.

AN105 provides the internuncial network equipment of data between packet switched data network (for example Global Internet 113) and AT101.AN105 communicates by letter with packet data serving node (PDSN) 111 via Packet Control Function unit (PCF) 109.AN105 or PCF109 provide SC/MM (session control and mobile management) function, together with other function, comprise: store the information relevant with the HRPD session, when accessing radio net, AT101 carries out terminal authentication procedure determining whether authenticating AT101, and the position of management AT101.Further described PCF 109 in the 3GPP2 A.S0001-Av2.0 that is entitled as " 3GPP2 Access Network Interfaces Interoperability Specification " in June calendar year 2001, it is completely integrated this by reference.In addition, provide the more detailed description of HRPD in the TSG-C.S0024-IS-856 that is entitled as " cdma 2000 High Rate Packet Data Air InterfaceSpecification ", it is completely integrated this by reference.

In addition, AN105 communicates by letter with AN-AAA (authentication，authorization，accounting entity) 107, and AN-AAA107 provides terminal authentication and authorization function for AN105.

Cdma 2000 1x EV-DV (evolution-data and voice) and 1x EV-DO (evolution-data-optimized) air-interface standard have both been specified Packet Data Channel, divide into groups by air interface transmission data on forward link and reverse link being used for.Wireless communication system can be designed as the service that each type is provided.These services can comprise ptp services, or service-specific (for example voice and grouped data), and data are sent to specific receiving terminal from transmission source (for example base station) thus.Such service can also comprise point-to-multipoint (being multicast) service, or broadcast service, and data are sent to a plurality of receiving terminals from transmission source thus.

In the multiple access wireless communication system, carry out communication between the user by one or more AT101, and the user's (accessing terminal) on radio station by on the reverse link information signal passed to the base station come with another radio station on another telex network.The AN105 receiving information signal, and on the forward link information signal is passed to AT station 101.AN105 passes to information signal thereafter radio station 101 on the forward link, and reverse link is with reference to the transmission of slave site 101 to AN105.AN105 is at the first user receive data from the radio station on the reverse link, and routes data to the second user on the land-line website by public switch telephone network (PSTN).A lot of communication systems (for example IS-95, wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and IS-2000) in, forward link and reverse link are assigned with independent frequency.

According to exemplary embodiment, the invention provides the ack/nack signal (for example nearly 6) of a plurality of carrier waves in signals reverse link carrier wave, thus if send ack/nack signal more than two, then advantageously saved reverse link resources.In addition, the system of Fig. 1 can be distributed to power I branch and Q branch (namely minimizing I-Q unbalanced) more equably, thus so that the property enhancement of AT.I-Q is unbalanced may to increase signal peak-to-average power power ratio (PAPR), therefore makes AT Designing power amplifier complicated.

Whether in 1x EV-DO system, AT101 upward sends to AN105 with ack/nack signal in reverse acknowledgement channel (R-ACKCH), successful with the reception of indication forward link packets.In the situation that use a plurality of carrier waves, for example in the NxDO system, AT101 need to feed back a plurality of ack/nack signals, is success or failure to indicate the grouping reception on all carrier waves.

How to report that with regard to AT101 the ACK/NACK for different carrier has proposed certain methods.For example, a kind of method relates to from the time division multiplexing of the ACK/NACK of two carrier waves (TDM), and it is by realizing the transmitting continuous time decreased of the ACK/NACK of each single carrier half (for example, reducing to 1/4 time slot).A shortcoming of the method is, each reverse link carriers only can hold the ack/nack signal of two forward link carriers.If use the forward link carriers more than two to send the data to AT101, then regardless of the business of carrying on the reverse link, all correspondingly need to increase the quantity of reverse link carriers.For example, this will cause the waste of reverse link resources, and therefore cause the battery life of AT101 shorter.

Fig. 2 is the flow chart that the process of a plurality of affirmations is provided in single reverse link according to the embodiment of the invention.In step 201, a plurality of ack/nack signals that detection and reception are corresponding with a plurality of forward transmission carriers.Next, in step 203, these ack/nack signals are distributed to different transmission branch.According to exemplary embodiment, when will sending a plurality of ack/nack signals, rather than when sending these signals in the identical I of transmitter branch, AT had not only distributed to the I branch of transmitter with ack/nack signal but also had distributed to the Q branch of transmitter.For example, if having three forward carriers f1, f2 and f3, then AT can distribute the ack/nack signal of f1 and f2 and the ack/nack signal that distributes f3 in Q branch in I branch.In step 205, at single reverse link send ack/nack signal thereafter.

According to each embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 describe respectively the ACK/NACK signaling of TDM system and CDM system.Utilize TDM-ACK (shown in Figure 3), wherein use TDM upper with two ack/nack signals multiplexing together (i.e. " by time division multiplexing ") in reverse acknowledgement channel (R-ACKCH), if AT101 will support on the forward link more than two carrier wave, on then can the R-ACKCH in I branch in loading ACK/NACK signal two, and all the other signals in loading ACK/NACK signal on can the R-ACKCH in Q branch.Fig. 3 illustrate when will be when reverse link sends more than two ack/nack signal the example of such channel architecture 300.As shown in Figure 3, the input 301 that arrives in the I branch comprises auxiliary pilot relative gain, PRI relative gain, ACK relative gain, DSC relative gain and data relative gain.ACK relative gain and DSC relative gain via multiplexer 303 by time division multiplexing.To input 301 and be added at adder 305 places, and be provided for orthogonal spectrum expansion logic 307.I branch also comprises baseband filter 309, and it outputs to frequency mixer 311, and frequency mixer 311 is with filtered signal and orthogonal signalling mixing.

With regard to Q branch, input 313 comprises DRC relative gain, data relative gain and ACK relative gain.In this example, the ACK/NACK signaling in the Q branch is supported in (Q is related with channel) ACK relative gain.Input 313 is fed to adder 315, and in adder 315, resulting signal is provided for orthogonal spectrum expansion logic 307.As I branch, Q branch comprises baseband filter 317.Filter 317 outputs to frequency mixer 311, and frequency mixer 311 is with filtered signal and the orthogonal signalling signal in orthogonal of I branch mixer 311 (namely with) mixing.Form output signal by adder 321.

According to the embodiment of the invention, suppose that the transmitting continuous time for the ack/nack signal of each carrier wave is 1/4 time slot, then on single reverse carrier wave, can send all nearly 6 ack/nack signals (for example whole 6 carrier waves on the forward link).This ability can provide the maximum multicarrier in the real system to use situation.In the exemplary embodiment, the R-ACKCH in the Q branch can use the identical Walsh code in the I branch, for example W ₁₂ ³², to be used for spread spectrum.

The Walsh code is a kind of in the widely used orthogonal code in cdma system.The set of orthogonal code is the code with following characteristic:

$\underset{k=0}{\overset{M-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\φ}}_i\left(\mathrm{kT}\right){\mathrm{\φ}}_j\left(\mathrm{kT}\right)=0$ i≠j

Wherein, φ _i(kT) and φ _j(kT) be i orthogonal elements and the j orthogonal elements of quadrature set, M is the size of set, and T is element duration.Orthogonal code sets is the code that has 0 cross correlation value between any two pairs of codes in set when τ=0.

Matrix H _nEvery delegation form the code of length n.For example, the structure that length is the set of 4 Walsh code below is shown.

H ₁＝[O] $H_2=\left[\begin{array}{cc}0& 0\\ 0& 1\end{array}\right]$ $H_4=\left[\begin{array}{cccc}0& 0& 0& 0\\ 0& 1& 0& 1\\ 0& 0& 1& 1\\ 0& 1& 1& 0\end{array}\right]$

Therefore, four length is that 4 Walsh code is { 0,0,0,0}, { 0,1,0,1}, { 0,0,1,1} and { 0,1,1,0}.

Walsh is covered the circuit that (Walsh cover) and PN sequence offer orthogonal spectrum expansion logic 307 comprise frequency mixer (or multiplexer) 323, it mixes the short PN sequence of I channel with the long PN sequence of I channel user.In addition, this circuit comprises the frequency mixer 325 for the Q channel, and the short PN sequence of Q channel is mixed with the long PN sequence of Q channel user thus; The signal that obtains is fed to and extracts logic 327, covers mixing by output and the Walsh that uses frequency mixer 329 will extract logic 327.Walsh covering and PN sequence are with ± 1 value representation, and binary zero shines upon+1, binary one mapping-1.

In the channel architecture 400 of Fig. 4, for the situation (i.e. " by code division multiplexing ") of the CDM (code division multiplexing) that uses a plurality of ack/nack signals, ack/nack signal not only distributed to the I branch of transmitter but also distributed to the Q branch of transmitter.Input and assembly 401-429 follow input and the assembly (for example 301-329) of the channel architecture of Fig. 3.In each branch, if existence more than two ack/nack signal, then as described in following just Fig. 5 is carried them in the CDM mode.Different from the structure of Fig. 3, in the exemplary embodiment because used CDM, thus for transmitting continuous time of the ACK/NACK of each carrier wave still with 1x EV-DO in identical, i.e. 1/2 time slot.In Q branch, because data source control (DSC) channel time is not multiplexing with R-ACKCH, therefore after the transmission of first 1/2 time slot, all the other 1/2 time slots can be DTX (not sending), or the transmission that is used to ack/nack signal is to support more carrier wave.In addition, if the N among Fig. 4 and M equal 1, special circumstances then occur: two ack/nack signals are neither TDM neither CDM, but separated and carrying in different I branches and Q branch.

Fig. 5 is the diagram of the channel architecture of the CDM (code division multiplexing) that only uses I branch-ACK.The channel architecture of Fig. 5 relates to by distributing a Walsh code to each ack/nack signal, comes the ACK/NACK that a plurality of carrier waves generate is carried out code division multiplexing (CDM), keeps simultaneously the transmitting continuous time of original ACK/NACK (for example 1/2 time slot).As shown, ack signal mapping logic 501a, 501b, 501n output to each receive logic 503a, 503b, 503n, and receive logic 503a, 503b, 503n will copy (for example 2x) code element and they are passed to frequency mixer 505a, 505b and 505n.Signal after 507 pairs of mixing of adder (covering mixing with corresponding Walsh) summation, the signal that obtains and another covering (cover) (W for example ₁₂ ³²) the phase mixing.

The method provides the R-ACKCH that only carries in I branch.When the quantity of forward link carriers increased, the overall transmission power of a plurality of ACK/NACK in the I branch can cause I-Q branch power imbalances; The channel architecture of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 does not show this unbalance.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and to realize providing the process of confirming signaling via following equipment: software, hardware (such as general processor, digital signal processor (DSP) chip, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) etc.), firmware or their combination.Below just Fig. 6 describe these example hardware of carrying out described function in detail.

Fig. 6 illustrates the example hardware that can be used to realize each embodiment of the present invention.Computing system 600 comprises: bus 601 or be used for other communication mechanism of transmission of information, and processor 603, it is coupled to bus 601, with for the treatment of information.Computing system 600 also comprises main storage 605, for example random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic node equipment, and it is coupled to bus 601, with the instruction that is used for storage information and will be carried out by processor 603.Main storage 605 can also be used as is carrying out storage temporary variable or other average information between order period by processor 603.Computing system 600 may further include read-only memory (ROM) 607 or other static storage device, and it is coupled to bus 601, to be used for instruction and the static information of storage of processor 603.Memory device 609 (for example disk or CD) is coupled to bus 601, to be used for continuing storage information and instruction.

Computing system 600 can be coupled to display 611 (for example liquid crystal display or Active Matrix Display) via bus 601, to be used for that information is shown to the user.Input equipment 613 (keyboard that for example comprises alphanumeric and other key) can be coupled to bus 601, to be used for that information and command selection are passed to processor 603.Input equipment 613 can comprise cursor control (for example mouse, trace ball or cursor direction key), being used for that directional information and command selection are passed to processor 603, and the cursor movement on the control display device 611.

According to each embodiment of the present invention, be comprised in the processor 603 of the scheme of the instruction in the main storage 605 in response to execution, computing system 600 can be provided in the process of this description.Such instruction can be read in main storage 605 from another computer-readable medium (for example node device 609).Be included in the execution of scheme of the instruction in the main storage 605 so that processor 603 is carried out process steps described here.Can also adopt the one or more processors in the multiprocessing configuration to carry out the instruction that is comprised in the main storage 605.In optional embodiment, hard wire circuit can be used as the instead of software instruction, or makes up with software instruction, to realize embodiments of the invention.In another example, can use reconfigurable hardware (for example field programmable gate array (FPGA)), wherein, typically by memory look-up tables is programmed, the function of its gate is customizable with being connected topology in running time.Therefore, embodiments of the invention are not limited to the random specific combination of hardware circuit and software.

Computing system 600 also comprises at least one communication interface 615, and it is coupled to bus 601.Communication interface 615 provides the bidirectional data communication that is coupled to the network link (not shown).The communication interface 615 sending and receiving signals of telecommunication, electromagnetic signal or light signal, these signaling bearers represent the data flow of various types of information.Further, communication interface 615 can comprise peripheral interface equipment, such as USB (USB) interface, PCMCIA (personal computer memory card League of Nations) interface etc.

Processor 603 can be carried out the code that sends, and receives simultaneously this code and/or it is stored in memory device 609 or other nonvolatile memory, carries out after a while being used for.According to this mode, computing system 600 can obtain the application code of carrier format.

Term used herein " computer-readable medium " refers to and participates in instruction is offered the medium of processor 603 to be used for carrying out.Such medium can adopt various ways, comprises non-volatile media, Volatile media and transmission medium, but is not limited to this.Non-volatile media comprises for example CD or disk, and for example memory device 609.Volatile media comprises dynamic memory, and for example main storage 605.Transmission medium comprises coaxial cable, copper conductor and optical fiber, comprises the wire that has comprised bus 601.Transmission medium can also adopt sound wave, light wave or electromagnetic form, the ripple that for example generates during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communication.The common forms of computer readable recording medium storing program for performing comprise floppy disk for example, floppy disc, hard disk, tape, arbitrarily other magnetizing mediums, CD-ROM, CDRW, DVD, arbitrarily other optical medium, punch card, paper tape, signal plate, have any other physical medium, RAM, PROM, EPROM and the FLASH-EPROM of the pattern of hole or other optics identifiable marker, arbitrarily other memory chip or cassette tape, carrier wave or computer-readable arbitrarily other medium.

Instruction being offered processor for carrying out, can relate to various forms of computer-readable mediums.For example, can initially be carried on the disk of remote computer for the instruction of carrying out at least a portion of the present invention.In the case, remote computer arrives main storage with instruction load, and uses modulator-demodulator to send described instruction at telephone line.The modulator-demodulator of local system receive data on telephone line, and utilize infrared transmitter that this data transaction is become infrared signal and this infrared signal is sent to portable computing device, for example personal digital assistant (PDA) or kneetop computer.Infrared detector on the portable computing device receives information and the instruction by the infrared signal carrying, and data are put on the bus.Bus is sent to main storage with described data, and instruction is obtained and carried out to processor from main storage.The instruction that main storage receives can be stored in the memory device before or after processor is carried out alternatively.

Fig. 7 A is the diagram that can support the different cellular mobile telephone system of each embodiment of the present invention with Fig. 7 B.Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B illustrate exemplary cellular mobile telephone system, and described mobile radio station and base station all have the transceiver (as the part of the digital signal processor in base station and the mobile radio station (DSP), hardware, software, integrated circuit and/or semiconductor equipment) of installing.For example, this radio net supports by International Telecommunications Union (ITU) to be the second generation and the third generation (2G and the 3G) service of international mobile communication 2000 (IMT-2000) definition.For the purpose of explaining, explain carrier wave and the channel selective power of radio net about the CDMA2000 framework.As the third generation version of IS-95, CDMA2000 in third generation partner program 2 (3GPP2) by standardization.

Radio net 700 comprises mobile radio station 701 (such as mobile phone, terminal, platform, unit, equipment or to user's any type of interface (such as " Worn type " circuit etc.)), and it is communicated by letter with base station sub-system (BSS) 703.According to one embodiment of the invention, radio net supports that International Telecommunications Union (ITU) is the third generation (3G) service of international mobile communication 2000 (IMT-2000) definition.

In this example, BSS703 comprises base station transceiver (BTS) 705 and base station controller (BSC) 707.Although single BTS is shown, should be understood that a plurality of BTS typically are connected to BSC by for example point-to-point link.Each BSS703 is linked to packet data serving node (PDSN) 709 by transmission controlled entity or Packet Control Function unit (PCF) 711.Because PDSN709 serves as the gateway to external network (for example the Internet 713 or other privately owned user network 715), therefore PDSN709 can comprise access, mandate and charge system (AAA) 717, with identity and the privilege of determining safely the user and the activity of following the tracks of each user.Network 715 comprises network management system (NMS) 731, and it is linked to one or more databases 733, and described database 733 is accessed by guaranteeing safe home agent (HA) 735 by ownership AAA737.

Although show single BSS703, should be understood that typically a plurality of BSS703 are connected to mobile switching centre (MSC) 719.MSC719 provides the connection to circuit-switched network (for example public switch telephone network (PSTN) 721).Similarly, should also be understood that MSC719 can be connected to other MSC719 on the identical network 700, and/or be connected to other radio net.MSC719 usually collocation has visitor location register (VLR) 723 databases, and it preserves the temporary information for effective subscriber of this MSC719.Data in the VLR723 database are the copy of attaching position register (HLR) 725 databases to a great extent, the subscriber services ordering information that the storage of HLR725 database is detailed.In some implementations, HLR725 is identical physical database with VLR723; Yet HLR725 can be positioned at the remote location by for example Signaling System 7(SS-7) (SS7) access to netwoks.(AuC) 727 of authentication center that comprises the specific verify data of subscriber (for example authentication secret key) is related with HLR725, with authenticated user.In addition, MSC719 is connected to SMS service center (SMSC) 729, and SMSC729 storage short message is also transmitted from the short message of radio net 700 or with short message and arrived radio net 700.

During the typical operation of cell phone system, BTS705 receives also demodulation from many groups reverse link signal of the many groups mobile unit 701 that carries out call or other communication.Processed in this station by each reverse link signal that given BTS705 receives.Resulting data are forwarded to BSC707.BSC707 provides the call resources of the soft handover cooperation that comprises between the BTS705 to distribute and the mobile management function.BSC707 also is routed to MSC719 with the data that receive, MSC719 will be provided for successively with the additional lanes of the interface of PSTN721 by and/or exchange.MSC719 is management and collection, charge and the charge information of switching and assistant service between responsible call setup, calling termination, MSC also.Similarly, radio net 700 sends forward-link messages.PSTN721 and MSC719 carry out interface.MSC719 additionally carries out interface with BSC707, and BSC707 communicates by letter with BTS705 successively, the many groups of BTS705 modulation forward link signal, and send it to many group mobile units 701.

Shown in Fig. 7 B, two key elements of general packet radio service (GPRS) framework 750 are Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) 732 and Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) 734.In addition, the GPRS framework comprises packet control unit PCU (736) and charging gateway function unit (CGF) 738, and CGF738 is linked to charge system 739.GPRS mobile radio station (MS) 741 adopts subscriber identity module (SIM) 743.

PCU736 is logical network element, is responsible for the function relevant with GPRS, the packet scheduling on for example air interface access control, the air interface and grouping assembling and restructuring.Usually, PCU736 is arrived BSC745 by physical integration; Yet it can be arranged on same position with BTS747 or SGSN732.SGSN732 provides the function that is equal to MSC749, comprises mobile management, fail safe and access control function, but in packet-switched domain.Further, SGSN732 uses BSS GPRS agreement (BSS GP) to be connected with PCU736 by for example interface based on frame relay.Although a SGSN is shown, should be understood that and to adopt a plurality of SGSN731, and the coverage can be divided into corresponding Routing Area (RA).The SGSN/SGSN interface allows will divide into groups to be tunneling to new SGSN from old SGSN when the RA renewal occurs during ongoing Individual Development Plan (PDP) context.Although given SGSN can serve a plurality of BSC745, any given BSC745 carries out interface with a SGSN732 usually.In addition, alternatively, the MAP (MAP) that SGSN732 uses GPRS to strengthen is connected with HLR751 by the interface based on SS7, or uses SCCP (SCCP) to be connected with MSC749 by the interface based on SS7.The SGSN/HLR interface allows SGSN732 in the SGSN coverage position renewal to be offered HLR751, and obtains the ordering information relevant with GPRS.The SGSN/MSC interface makes it possible to coordinate between circuit switched service and packet-switched services (for example paging is used for the subscriber of audio call).At last, SGSN732 and SMSC753 carry out interface, can enable the short message transmitting function on the network 750.

GGSN734 is the gateway to external packet data network (for example the Internet 713 or other private user network 755).Network 755 comprises network management system (NMS) 757, and it is linked to the one or more databases 759 by the PDSN761 access.GGSN734 assigns the Internet protocol (IP) address, and can also authenticate the user who serves as remote authentication dial-in customer service host.The fire compartment wall that is positioned at GGSN734 is also carried out firewall functionality with restricting unauthorized flow.Although a GGSN734 only is shown, should be understood that given SGSN 732 can carry out interface with one or more GGSN733, to allow between two entities and turnover network 750 tunnelling user data.When outer data network on GPRS network 750 during initialize session, GGSN734 is currently serviced in the SGSN732 of MS741 to the HLR751 inquiry.

BTS747 and BSC745 managing radio interface comprise the access when which mobile radio station of control (MS) 741 has radio channel.These elements are relay message between MS741 and SGSN732 in fact.SGSN732 management is communicated by letter with MS741's, transmits and receive data and keeps tracking to its position.SGSN732 also registers MS741, authentication MS741, and to sending to the data encryption of MS741.

Fig. 8 is the diagram according to the example components of the mobile radio station (for example mobile phone) that can move in the system of Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B of the embodiment of the invention.Usually, often come the defined radio receiver according to the front-end and back-end characteristic.The front end of receiver comprises all radio frequencies (RF) circuit, and the rear end comprises all baseband processing circuitries.The relevant intraware of phone comprises main control unit (MCU) 803, digital signal processor (DSP) 805 and comprises the microphone gain control unit and the receiver/transmitter unit of speaker gain control unit.Main display unit 807 offers the user take various application and mobile station functions as support with demonstration.Audio-frequency function circuit 809 comprises microphone 811 and the amplifier of microphone that the voice signal from microphone 811 outputs is amplified.The voice signal from microphone 811 outputs that is exaggerated is fed to encoder/decoder (codec) 813.

Radio part 815 amplifying powers and inversion frequency, with via antenna 817 and base station communication, the base station is included in (for example system of Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B) in the mobile communication system.The input of certainly being coupled to the PA819 of duplexer 821 or circulator or duplexer since power amplifier (PA) 819 and the transmitter/modulation circuitry, and functionally in response to MCU803, this is known in this field.PA819 also is coupled to battery interface and power control unit 820.

In use, the user of mobile radio station 801 speaks to microphone 811, and his or her voice are converted into aanalogvoltage together with the background noise that detects.So aanalogvoltage is converted into digital signal by analog to digital converter (ADC) 823.Control unit 803 is routed to DSP805 with data-signal, to process therein.For example speech coding, chnnel coding, encrypt and interweave.In the exemplary embodiment, cellular transmission protocol by employing code division multiple access (CDMA) is by the speech signal coding of the unit that does not illustrate separately to processing, and this agreement is described in detail in mobile radio station-base station compatibility standard that the TIA/EIA/IS-95-A of telecommunications industry association is used for dual mode wideband spread spectrum cellular; It is completely integrated this by reference.

So the signal that is encoded is routed to equalizer 825, be used for any frequency dependence damage (for example phase place and amplitude distortion) that compensation occurs between by aerial transmission period.After bit stream was carried out equilibrium, modulator 827 merged this signal and the RF signal that generates in RF interface 829.Modulator 827 generates sinusoidal wave by frequency and phase-modulation.In order to prepare the signal for transmission, upconverter 831 will merge with another sine wave that is generated by synthesizer 833 from the sine wave of modulator 827 outputs, to realize the transmission frequency of expectation.So described signal is sent through PA819, so that described signal boost is arrived suitable power level.In real system, PA819 serves as variable gain amplifier, and its gain is controlled from the information that is received from network base station by DSP805.So, interior to this signal filtering at duplexer 821, and alternatively this signal is sent to antenna coupler 835, carrying out impedance matching, thereby provide maximum power transfer.At last, send signal to home base stations via antenna 817.The final stage gain of automatic gain control (AGC) with the control receiver can be provided.Can forward a signal to remote phone from receiver, described remote phone can be another cell phone, other mobile phone, or is connected to the ground line of public switch telephone network (PSTN) or other telephone network.

Receive the voice signal that sends to mobile radio station 801 via antenna 817, and by low noise amplifier (LNA) 837 immediately to its amplification.Low-converter 839 reduces carrier frequency, and demodulator 841 removes RF, only stays digital bit stream.So signal passes through equalizer 825, and processed by DSP1005.843 pairs of these signals of digital to analog converter (DAC) are changed, resulting output is sent to the user by loud speaker 845, all under the control of main control unit (MCU) 803, main control unit (MCU) 803 may be implemented as CPU (CPU) (not shown) to all operations.

MCU803 receives various signals, comprises the input signal from keyboard 847.MCU803 is delivered to respectively display 807 and speech output switching controller with display command and switching command.Further, MCU803 and DSP805 exchange message, and can access SIM card 849 and the memory 851 that comprises alternatively.In addition, MCU803 carries out the required various control functions of mobile radio station.According to implementation, DSP805 can carry out arbitrarily various conventional digital processing capacities to voice signal.In addition, the signal that DSP805 detects from microphone 811 is determined the background-noise level of home environment, and the gain of microphone 811 is set to selected level with the user's of compensation mobile radio station 801 propensity.

Codec 813 comprises ADC823 and DAC843.Memory 851 storage comprises the various data of ringtone adjusting data, and can store other data that for example comprise the music data that receives via Global Internet.Software module can reside in RAM memory, flash memory, register or arbitrarily the well known in the art of other form write in the storage medium.Memory devices 851 can be single entry memory, CD, DVD, ROM, RAM, EEPROM, optical memory, maybe can store any other non-volatile memory medium of numerical data, but is not limited to this.

The SIM card 849 that comprises is alternatively carried for example important information, and for example cell phone number, operator provide service, subscription details and safety information.SIM card 849 is mainly used in identifying the mobile radio station 801 on the wireless network.Card 849 also comprises memory, is used for the registration of storage personal telephone number, text message and the specific mobile radio station setting of user.

Fig. 9 illustrates exemplary enterprise network, and it can be to utilize packet-based and/or based on the data communication network of any type of the technology of honeycomb (such as asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), Ethernet, based on IP etc.).Enterprise network 901 offers wired node 903 and radio node 905-909 (fixing or movement) with connectivity, and it all is configured to carry out above-mentioned processing.Enterprise network 901 can be communicated by letter with various other networks (for example wlan network 911 (for example IEEE 802.11), CDMA2000 cellular network 913, telephone network 916 (for example PSTN) or public data network (for example the Internet) 917).

Although described the present invention in conjunction with a plurality of embodiment and implementation, the invention is not restricted to this, but cover the various obvious modification in the scope that falls into claims and the configuration that is equal to.Although expressed feature of the present invention with particular combinations in the claims, should be understood that and to arrange these features by combination in any and order.

Claims (18)

1. communication means comprises:

Receive a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves, described transmission carrier wave is related with the forward direction of transmission;

By the part in the described confirmation signal being distributed to phase branch and remaining part in the described confirmation signal being distributed to orthogonal branches, described confirmation signal is distributed to described phase branch and described orthogonal branches;

By described phase branch and described orthogonal branches are used common Walsh code, come described confirmation signal spread spectrum; And

On the single transmission carrier wave related with the inverse direction of transmission, send described a plurality of confirmation signal from described phase branch and described orthogonal branches.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein described confirmation signal is the time division multiplexing tdm signal.

3. the method for claim 1, wherein described confirmation signal is the code division multiplexing cdm signal.

4. the method for claim 1, wherein data, services in the described transmission carrier wave supporting cellular network.

5. communicator comprises:

Input circuit, it is configured to receive a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves, and described transmission carrier wave is related with the forward direction of transmission; And by the part in the described confirmation signal being distributed to phase branch and remaining part in the described confirmation signal being distributed to orthogonal branches, described confirmation signal is distributed to described phase branch and described orthogonal branches; And

The orthogonal spectrum expansion circuit, it is configured to come described confirmation signal spread spectrum by phase branch and orthogonal branches are used common Walsh code, is caused at the single transmission carrier wave related with the inverse direction of transmission from described a plurality of confirmation signals of described phase branch and described orthogonal branches to be sent out.

6. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described confirmation signal is the time division multiplexing tdm signal.

7. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described confirmation signal is the code division multiplexing cdm signal.

8. device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, the data, services in the described transmission carrier wave supporting cellular network.

9. a communication system comprises device as claimed in claim 5, and described device further comprises:

Be used for receiving the device of user's input; And

Display, it is configured to show described user's input.

10. a communication system comprises device as claimed in claim 5, and described device further comprises:

Be used for sending with spread spectrum the device of described confirmation signal.

11. a communication means comprises:

The a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves are sent to terminal, described transmission carrier wave is related with the forward direction of transmission, described confirmation signal is distributed to phase branch and orthogonal branches, wherein, part in the described confirmation signal is assigned to the orthogonal branches that remaining part in the phase branch of described terminal and the described confirmation signal is assigned to described terminal, wherein said terminal is configured to come described confirmation signal spread spectrum by described phase branch and described orthogonal branches are used common Walsh code; And

At the described a plurality of confirmation signals of the single transmission carrier wave reception related with the inverse direction of transmission from described phase branch and described orthogonal branches.

12. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described confirmation signal is the time division multiplexing tdm signal.

13. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, described confirmation signal is the code division multiplexing cdm signal.

14. method as claimed in claim 11, wherein, the data, services in the described transmission carrier wave supporting cellular network.

15. a communicator comprises:

The first communication interface, it is configured to: a plurality of confirmation signals corresponding with a plurality of transmission carrier waves are sent to terminal, described transmission carrier wave is related with the forward direction of transmission, described confirmation signal is distributed to phase branch and orthogonal branches, wherein, part in the described confirmation signal is assigned to the orthogonal branches that remaining part in the phase branch of described terminal and the described confirmation signal is assigned to described terminal, wherein, described terminal is configured to by described phase branch and the common Walsh code of described orthogonal branches application are come described confirmation signal spread spectrum; And

The second communication interface, it is configured at the described a plurality of confirmation signals of the single transmission carrier wave reception related with the inverse direction of transmission from described phase branch and described orthogonal branches.

16. device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described confirmation signal is the time division multiplexing tdm signal.

17. device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, described confirmation signal is the code division multiplexing cdm signal.

18. device as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the data, services in the described transmission carrier wave supporting cellular network.

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