CN101260802B - Oil, gas and water three phase oil well continuous metering device and its measurement method - Google Patents
Oil, gas and water three phase oil well continuous metering device and its measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于流体测量技术领域，涉及一种油、气、水三相油井连续计量装置，包括高效气液分离器，高效气液分离器与油、气、水三相流入口相连，其气相出口与气相测量管路相连，在气相测量管路上装有气路温度传感器、气路压力传感器、带有高频差压变送器的气路内锥流量计；高效气液分离器的液相出口与液相测量管路相连，在液相测量管路上装有液路科氏质量流量计和液路内锥流量计，安装液路科氏质量流量计的管路的截面积大于安装液路内锥流量计的管路的截面积。本发明还提供一种该种装置采用的测量方法。本发明具有结构简单，测量传感器无可动部件，信号获取方便、可靠、准确，易于实现的优点。
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid measurement, and relates to a continuous metering device for oil, gas and water three-phase oil wells, comprising a high-efficiency gas-liquid separator connected to the inlet of the three-phase oil, gas and water, and a gas phase outlet of the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator It is connected with the gas phase measurement pipeline, and is equipped with a gas temperature sensor, a gas pressure sensor, a gas inner cone flowmeter with a high-frequency differential pressure transmitter; the liquid phase outlet of the high-efficiency gas-liquid separator It is connected with the liquid phase measurement pipeline, and the liquid phase measurement pipeline is equipped with a liquid path Coriolis mass flowmeter and a liquid path inner cone flowmeter. The cross-sectional area of the pipe of the cone flowmeter. The invention also provides a measuring method adopted by the device. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, no movable parts in the measuring sensor, convenient, reliable and accurate signal acquisition, and easy realization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fluid measurement technical field, be specifically related to the phase content of an oil, gas, water three-phase fluid and the system and method that every phase flow rate is measured.
Background technology
Crude oil is typical multiphase flow, comprises oil, gas, water three-phase material, and oil phase is meant the liquid hydrocarbon phase in the produced liquid in oil well, and gas phase is meant natural gas, lighter hydrocarbons, non-light hydrocarbon gas, and water then is meant mineralized water, also has a spot of solid phase (sand, wax, hydrate) simultaneously.Not only there are multiple flow pattern in oil, gas, water multiphase in flow process, and complicated component is changeable, the flow detection difficulty.Yet in order reasonably to carry out oil field development, must grasp the single port oil well yield, comprise oil production, aquifer yield and the gas production of every mouthful of oil well.At present, in order to obtain these multidate informations, the way in oil field is to adopt satellite-type measuring station mode mostly, switch by manifold, every mouthful of oil well of tours of inspection, be separated into oil phase, water and gas phase through metering separator, adopt each single-phase measuring instrument or device to obtain the content separately of three components again, and then mix and be transported to pumping plant and produce processing.The used metering separator equipment volume of this method is huge, can not on-line measurement, thus restricted production efficiency greatly.The eighties in 20th century, main oil company, west proposes the requirement that the exploitation multi-phase flowmeter replaces large-scale three phase separation formula metering system, and cooperating to carry out the development and the exploitation of multi-phase flowmeter with each university, China has also launched the research work of this respect in the nineties in 20th century.
By whether separating and the measuring method of oil, gas, water three-phase stream can be divided into three kinds, promptly complete partition method, part partition method, non-partition method.Fully partition method promptly refers to the traditional method of measurement in oil field introduced previously.The part partition method comprises shunting split-phase method and simple separation device method.The shunting split-phase method is measured three-phase stream, at first distribute a part of two-phase fluid by distributor, then use eliminator that this part three-phase fluid is separated into single phase gas and single-phase liquid, measure with single phase gas flow meter and single-phase liquid flow meter respectively then, and be converted into the flow and the component of tested three-phase fluid under a proportional relationship, respectively this part single phase gas and single-phase liquid are returned in the flow duct of two-phase fluid more at last.The problem that this method exists is whether the three-phase fluid gas-liquid ratio of sampling part is with the ratio unanimity in former the flowing; Whether sampling rate (constant) influenced by flow pattern, flowed fluctuation etc.Simple separation device method is to utilize small-sized gas-liquid separator that three-phase stream is carried out pre-separation, obtain based on gas phase a road and based on a road of liquid phase, each road is respectively with combination instrument and revise correlation and measure, and finds the solution fuel-displaced, gas, water three-phase flow.Fluid after the metering is admixed together again to send back to former pipeline, and the general volume of this device is also huger, will make vehicle-mounted metering sled form usually.Non-partition method is meant not to be needed three-phase stream is separated, and measuring system is directly measured three-phase flow, and in order to improve certainty of measurement, its front end will add blender usually.Non-partition method adopts technology such as conventional instrument combination or process tomographic imaging to realize usually.The conventional instrument combined method is the effective way that realizes that non-separation is measured.Non-partition method three-phase flow meter volume is little, and compact conformation is the developing direction of three-phase flow measurement, but will accomplish difficulty of higher ratio of precision.Part partition method and non-partition method are relatively, though it is bulky, but after gas-liquid separator separates, gas circuit is that single phase gas or moisture flow substantially, the liquid road is that liquid or the blister that contains a small amount of gas flow, reduced the difficulty that oil, gas, water three-phase flow are measured, therefore, the multi-phase flowmeter product major part of Tui Chuing all is to adopt the part partition method in recent years.
The difficult point of part partition method is the design of high efficient gas and liquid separator and the design of oil content measurement scheme.High efficient gas and liquid separator will guarantee that gas-liquid separation is thorough, does not contain liquid in the gas circuit, does not contain gas in the liquid road.The gas circuit flow can directly be used single-phase instrument measurement like this, and the liquid road then needs to design the scheme of accurate measurement oil content.Especially in the oil field of high water-cut stage, the liquid phase moisture content can reach 80-95%, oil content has only 5-20%, will guarantee that the precision of oily flow measurement must guarantee oil content measurement high accuracy this moment, and realize that the high-acruracy survey of oil content is the comparison difficulty under low oil content.
The patent No. is that 96121029.X, 96246704.9 has announced a kind of three-phase flow measuring device, it measures liquid phase moisture content and mixed phase flow velocity by the dual intensity gamma rays, this device adopts and does not separate metering system, but precision is not high, it is ± 10% that daily gas measures accuracy of measurement, and the daily fluid production rate certainty of measurement is ± 5%.Do not provide the certainty of measurement of oil, the every phase flow rate of water in the liquid phase in the patent.And device adopts ray method to measure, and has radiativity, and health is had potential harm, has therefore limited its application.The patent No. is 200520101632.3 to have designed a kind of three-phase flow metering device that is applicable to highly aqueous field.Its implementation is that three-phase is separated fully, measures single-phase flow then respectively.The difficult point of this measurement scheme is the realization that three-phase separates fully.Want in order to be effective and then must increase the eliminator volume.So just cause it to have the same shortcoming of the original measuring station in oil field.The patent No. is 200320109506.3 to have proposed a kind of measuring three-phase flow scheme, and by measuring tank sampling and timing, sampling allows mixed liquor from flowing through by bypass line after finishing.Treat to calculate every phase flow rate and contain rate by differential pressure and level gauging behind the liquid stabilising in the measuring tank, this method belongs to the batch (-type) measuring method, and the continuous operation of oil well is had certain influence.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of oil, gas, water three phase oil well metering device that can be used for the continuous on-line measurement of well head oil pump capacity is provided, this kind measuring method that device is adopted is provided simultaneously.Apparatus structure provided by the invention is simple, and measuring transducer does not have movable member, and signal obtains convenience, reliable, accurate, is easy to realize.
For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device, comprise high efficient gas and liquid separator, the gas circuit temperature pick up, the gas circuit pressure sensor, cone flow meter in the gas circuit, liquid road Coriolis flowmeter, liquid road temperature pick up, liquid road pressure sensor, cone flow meter in the liquid road, data acquisition and processing unit, display unit, wherein, high efficient gas and liquid separator and oil, gas, water three-phase inflow entrance links to each other, its gaseous phase outlet is measured pipeline with gas phase and is linked to each other, and measures on the pipeline in gas phase the gas circuit temperature pick up is housed, the gas circuit pressure sensor, the interior cone flow meter of gas circuit that has the high frequency difference frequency pressure transmitter; The liquid phase outlet of high efficient gas and liquid separator links to each other with the liquid phase measuring pipeline, cone flow meter in liquid road Coriolis mass flowmeter and the liquid road is housed on the liquid phase measuring pipeline, and the sectional area of the pipeline of installation liquid road Coriolis mass flowmeter is greater than the sectional area that the pipeline of cone flow meter in the liquid road is installed.
In the above-mentioned continuous metering device, on described gas phase measurement pipeline, be equipped with, liquid road temperature pick up and liquid road pressure sensor also are housed on described liquid phase measuring pipeline.
The measuring method that the present invention provides a kind of above-mentioned oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device simultaneously and adopted comprises the following steps:
(1) the calculated signals gas density that transmits according to gas circuit temperature pick up, gas circuit pressure sensor of data acquisition and processing unit
(2) the high frequency pressure difference signal gathered according to cone flow meter in the gas circuit of data acquisition and processing unit judges whether contain liquid in gas phase, does not have liquid, then basis if judge
Determine gas phase mass flow, in the formula, W
gCone flow meter efflux coefficient in the-gas phase mass flow, C-, A
dThe throttling annular space area of-Nei cone flow meter, ρ
g-gas density, Δ P
gThe pressure reduction of-Nei cone flow meter generation, the throttling ratio of β-Nei cone flow meter if there is liquid in judgement, is then determined gas phase mass flow according to following formula
In the formula, Φ
g-moisture virtual height correction factor; W
gThe reading of '-Nei cone flow meter under the moisture condition; Δ P
Tp-differential pressure value that Nei cone flow meter produces under the moisture condition; δ P
Tp-differential pressure fluctuation amount;
-pressure readings average; The K-coefficient;
(3) data acquisition and processing unit receive the measuring-signal from cone flow meter in Coriolis mass flowmeter and the liquid road, if judge when the liquid phase total flow is not less than the measurement lower limit of Coriolis mass flowmeter, determine the liquid phase mass flow according to the measuring-signal of Coriolis mass flowmeter, otherwise determine the liquid phase mass flow according to following formula:
In the formula, ρ
Tp-by the definite liquid road averag density of mass flowmenter, W
VThe total mass flow rate that-inner cone flow meter records;
(4) according to formula
Calculate oil content, in the formula, B-volume oil content; ρ
WThe density of-water; ρ
oThe density of-oil.
In the above-mentioned measuring method method, if according to the oil content that is calculated in the step (4) less than 20%, then preferably utilize the neural network algorithm that merges based on multi-sensor data to find the solution oil content again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage are to adopt high efficient gas and liquid separator to realize gas-liquid separation, employing mass flowmenter and inner cone flow meter measurement liquid phase oil content and oil-water two-phase flow amount.Utilize mass flow meter measurement averag density and oil content, be applicable to the various oil-water two-phase flow types on liquid road, not needing to carry out profit two is separated, no movable member in mass flowmenter and the differential pressure flowmeter, measure accurately and reliably, solved two big technical barriers of oil based on the simple separation method, gas, water three-phase flow measurement well.The flow pattern scope that this device is suitable for is wide, and implements simple, convenient.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device gas circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device liquid road schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the workflow diagram of oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device.
The specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing structural principle of the present invention is illustrated.The fundamental diagram of oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device as shown in Figure 1.Among the figure 1, oil, gas, water three-phase inflow entrance, 2, high efficient gas and liquid separator, 3, gas circuit temperature pick up, 4, gas circuit pressure sensor, 5, cone flow meter in the gas circuit, 6, liquid road Coriolis flowmeter, 7, liquid road temperature pick up, 8, liquid road pressure sensor, 9, cone flow meter in the liquid road, 10, oil, gas, water three-phase flow export.Oil, gas, water three-phase fluid enter oil, gas, water three-phase inflow entrance 1, carry out gas-liquid separation in high efficient gas and liquid separator 2, and the fluid after the separation is divided into two-way, gas phase flows out from eliminator top, the gas circuit of flowing through temperature pick up 3, gas circuit pressure sensor 4, and cone flow meter 5 in the gas circuit.The fluid that gas circuit is flowed through is single phase gas substantially, can try to achieve the vapor phase stream value according to the design formulas of the single-phase flow of differential pressure flowmeter.The fluid-mixing of oil, water two-phase flows out through the liquid road of eliminator 2 bottoms, the liquid road Coriolis flowmeter 6 of flowing through, and liquid road temperature pick up 7, liquid road pressure sensor 8, cone flow meter 9 in the liquid road.Wherein mass flowmenter is used to measure the averag density of oil water mixture, and then can obtain oil content, and liquid road total flow inner cone flowmeter survey calculates the flow that can obtain oil, water two-phase through combination again.Again mixing the back through the gas-liquid two-way of measuring discharges from oil, gas, water three-phase flow export 10.Temperature pick up 3 is used for the gas circuit temperature and pressure compensation with pressure sensor 4, and temperature pick up 7 is used to revise density of liquid with pressure sensor 8.All signals all enter data acquisition and processing unit 11 is handled.Show by display unit 12.Data acquisition and processing unit 11 and display unit 12 also can be realized with computer system.
The present invention is described further below by embodiment.Oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device, utilize high efficient gas and liquid separator 2 that oil, gas, water three-phase stream are separated into the gas-liquid two-way, gas circuit is measured flow with interior cone flow meter by temperature and pressure compensation, and the liquid road is by mass flowmenter and interior cone flow meter group and measure oil, discharge.Specific implementation process is seen figure.The fundamental diagram of device is seen Fig. 1, the gas circuit schematic diagram of device is seen Fig. 2, the liquid road schematic diagram of device is seen Fig. 3, oil, gas, water fluid enter oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device, high efficient gas and liquid separator 2 in Fig. 1 separates, separate the back gas gas circuit temperature pick up 13 of flowing through, gas circuit pressure sensor 14, cone flow meter 15 in the gas circuit.The cone flow meter level is installed in the gas circuit, makes differential pressure measurement more accurate, and the high frequency difference frequency pressure transmitter is adopted in the differential pressure measurement of interior cone flow meter.If contain small amount of liquid in the gas circuit, can discern by the high frequency differential pressure signal, and the relation that the friend determines between the fluctuating range of high frequency differential pressure signal and the liquid phase content utilizes these information and wet gas measurement model that the gas phase flow measurements is revised, and guarantees the gas phase certainty of measurement.Separate the back liquid liquid road temperature pick up 16 among Fig. 3 of flowing through, liquid road mass flowmenter 17, reducing 18, pressure sensor 19, cone flow meter 20 in the liquid road.The scheme of finding the solution of liquid road binders water two phase flow is divided several situations, at first is the measurement scheme of total mass flow rate.Liquid road total mass flow rate is found the solution scheme 1: when liquid road total mass flow rate is prescribed a time limit down less than mass flow meter measurement, the total mass flow rate on liquid road is determined with interior cone flow meter, mass flowmenter is mainly exported average density value, utilize the average density value that mass flowmenter records and the differential pressure value of differential pressure flowmeter, the liquid road total mass flow rate that can ask.Liquid road total mass flow rate is found the solution scheme 2: when liquid road total mass flow rate greater than mass flow meter measurement down in limited time, then the mass flow that records with mass flowmenter is as liquid road total mass flow rate.This is because when design, and mass flowmenter is mainly used in the measurement average density value, thus less than the caliber of the correspondence of choosing according to liquid road range of flow, but choose the mass flowmenter of a high specification caliber, make the certainty of measurement of density to guarantee like this.But the measurement lower limit of mass flowmenter has improved, so hour mass flowmenter error is bigger when liquid road flow, determines total mass flow rate with interior flow meter.Mass flowmenter is measured the precision of mass flow in its range of flow higher, thus when flow is big with the reading of mass flowmenter measured value as liquid road total mass flow rate.Reducing 18 is for influidic pipe directly being transformed to the caliber under the range of flow that adapts with it among Fig. 3.So both taken into account the density measure of mass flowmenter, cone flow meter is operated in its range ability in making again.Whether liquid road total mass flow rate is greater than or less than 3 readings with interior cone flow meter as judgement.
The measurement scheme of liquid phase oil content also in two kinds of situation, the measurement scheme 1 of liquid phase oil content: when the liquid phase oil content more than or equal to 20% the time, the average density value that adopts mass flowmenter to obtain is found the solution oil content.The measurement scheme 2 of liquid phase oil content: when the liquid phase oil content smaller or equal to 20% the time, then need to take all factors into consideration various factors, comprise gas circuit flow, pressure oscillation, information such as liquid road flow, temperature, pressure, under the constraint of oil content theory of computation formula, utilize the multi-sensor data blending algorithm to find the solution oil content, guarantee the oil content solving precision.The concrete course of work of system is seen workflow Fig. 4.
Concrete measurement model and to find the solution scheme as follows:
1, single gas phase measurement model
In the formula, W
g-gas phase mass flow; Cone flow meter efflux coefficient in the C-; A
dThe throttling annular space area of-Nei cone flow meter; ρ
g-gas density (obtaining) according to the pressure sensor of gas circuit and the value of temperature pick up; Δ P
gThe pressure reduction of-Nei cone flow meter generation; The throttling ratio of β-Nei cone flow meter.
2, wet gas measurement model
Above-mentioned various in, Φ
g-moisture virtual height correction factor; W
gThe reading of '-Nei cone flow meter under the moisture condition; Δ P
Tp-differential pressure value that Nei cone flow meter produces under the moisture condition; δ P
Tp-differential pressure fluctuation amount;
-pressure readings average; The K-coefficient than under is determined by experiment at different pipe diameters and throttling.
3, liquid road total flow is found the solution scheme 1
In the formula, ρ
Tp-by the definite liquid road averag density of mass flowmenter; W
VThe total mass flow rate that-inner cone flow meter records.
4, liquid road total flow is found the solution scheme 2
W＝W
K (7)
In the formula, W
KThe total mass flow rate that-mass flowmenter records.
5, oil content is found the solution scheme 1
In the formula, B-volume oil content; ρ
WThe density of-water; ρ
oThe density of-oil.
6, oil content is found the solution scheme 2
Adopt the multi-sensor data under theoretical model (formula (the 8)) constraint to merge, blending algorithm adopts neural network algorithm.Specifically can the following document algorithm for design of list of references: [1] Malong be rich; Zhang Hongjian, Zhou Hongliang, He Qing; based on the research of the oil-water two-phase flow mass flow measurement of Coriolis flow meter and SVM, in April, 2007 colleges and universities' Chemical Engineering journal the 21st volume the 2nd phase 200-205.[2] the upright army of Zhang, Feng Rupeng, blue hamlet, the application of improved BP neutral net in three-phase stream phase fraction detects, Harbin University of Science and Technology's journal, in December, 2006, the 11st the 6th phase of volume, 106-109 ".
Claims (3)
1. oil, gas, water three phase oil well continuous metering device, comprise high efficient gas and liquid separator, the gas circuit temperature pick up, the gas circuit pressure sensor, cone flow meter in the gas circuit, liquid road Coriolis mass flowmeter, liquid road temperature pick up, liquid road pressure sensor, cone flow meter in the liquid road, data acquisition and processing unit, display unit, wherein, high efficient gas and liquid separator and oil, gas, water three-phase inflow entrance links to each other, the high efficient gas and liquid separator gaseous phase outlet is measured pipeline with gas phase and is linked to each other, and measures on the pipeline in gas phase the gas circuit temperature pick up is housed, the gas circuit pressure sensor, the interior cone flow meter of gas circuit that has the high frequency difference frequency pressure transmitter; The liquid phase outlet of high efficient gas and liquid separator links to each other with the liquid phase measuring pipeline, cone flow meter in liquid road Coriolis mass flowmeter and the liquid road is housed on the liquid phase measuring pipeline, the sectional area of the pipeline of installation liquid road Coriolis mass flowmeter is equipped with liquid road temperature pick up and liquid road pressure sensor greater than the sectional area that the pipeline of cone flow meter in the liquid road is installed on described liquid phase measuring pipeline.
2. the measuring method that described oil, gas, the water three phase oil well continuous metering device of claim 1 adopted is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) data acquisition and processing unit are according to the calculated signals gas of gas circuit temperature pick up, gas circuit pressure sensor
Density P
g
(2) the high frequency pressure difference signal gathered according to cone flow meter in the gas circuit of data acquisition and processing unit judges whether contain liquid in gas phase, does not have liquid, then basis if judge
Determine gas phase mass flow, in the formula, W
gCone flow meter efflux coefficient in the-gas phase mass flow, C-, A
dThe throttling annular space area of-Nei cone flow meter, P
g-gas density, Δ P
gThe pressure reduction of-Nei cone flow meter generation, the throttling ratio of β-Nei cone flow meter if there is liquid in judgement, is then determined gas phase mass flow according to following formula
In the formula, Φ
g-moisture virtual height correction factor; W '
g--the reading of interior cone flow meter under the moisture condition; Δ P
Tp-differential pressure value that Nei cone flow meter produces under the moisture condition;
-differential pressure fluctuation amount;
-pressure readings average; The K-coefficient;
(3) data acquisition and processing unit receive the measuring-signal from cone flow meter in Coriolis mass flowmeter and the liquid road, if judge when the liquid phase total flow is not less than the measurement lower limit of Coriolis mass flowmeter, determine the liquid phase mass flow according to the measuring-signal of Coriolis mass flowmeter, otherwise determine the liquid phase mass flow according to following formula:
In the formula, ρ
Tp-by the definite liquid road averag density of mass flowmenter, W
V--the total mass flow rate that the inner cone flow meter records;
(4) according to formula
Calculate oil content, in the formula, B-volume oil content; P
WThe density of-water;
P
oThe density of-oil.
3. measuring method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, if according to the oil content that is calculated in the step (4) less than 20%, then utilize the neural network algorithm that merges based on multi-sensor data to find the solution oil content again.
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| CN102305060A (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Exploratory well metering control device |
| CN102721444B (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2014-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | A device and method for measuring the amount of liquid carried in a gas-liquid two-phase flow system |
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| CN1057333A (en) * | 1990-06-08 | 1991-12-25 | 微运转机械股份有限公司 | Coriolis mass flow meter with improved stability |
| CN1131274A (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1996-09-18 | 阿加有限公司 | High void ratio multiphase fluid flow meter |
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