CN101307369B - Iron-smelting gas generator for producing sponge iron and water-gas - Google Patents
Iron-smelting gas generator for producing sponge iron and water-gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN101307369B CN101307369B CN2008100483726A CN200810048372A CN101307369B CN 101307369 B CN101307369 B CN 101307369B CN 2008100483726 A CN2008100483726 A CN 2008100483726A CN 200810048372 A CN200810048372 A CN 200810048372A CN 101307369 B CN101307369 B CN 101307369B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 40
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an iron-smelting coal gas producer for producing sponge iron and water gas. The structure of the iron-smelting coal gas producer is as follows: the top of a producer body is provided with a rotary burden distributor (28) and a producer gas recovery pipe (27) which are communicated with a hearth (29); the side of the producer body is provided with a hot coal gas outlet, a secondary air supply connecting pipe (25) and a burner nozzle (8) which are communicated with the hearth, and the burner nozzle is communicated with a hot coal gas inlet pipe (32) and an oxygen conveying pipe (33); the bottom of the inner cavity of the producer body is provided with a conical hearth bottom (38), a gap between the lower part of the conical hearth bottom and the producer wall is a discharge outlet (21), and a baffle (35) which can be opened and closed is arranged above the discharge outlet; and a water injection pipe (36) which upward passes through the conical hearth bottom (38) is arranged, and the upper part of an extended rod body of the water injection pipe is provided with a water spout (34) and an end cap. The iron-smelting coal gas producer utilizes a direct reduction process to smelt iron, produces the water gas during the reduction ironmaking, and can ensure that the gas produced during the iron smelting is reclaimed and reused to realize the zero emission of the gas generated in the producer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge iron and water-gas field, particularly a kind of smelting iron producer gas generator that is used to produce sponge iron and water-gas.
Background technology
At present, direct-reduction process smelting iron technology is a purpose with single smelting iron all, as: Chinese patent literature 1 disclosed " a kind of novel process of sponge iron smelting and the type of furnace " is (CN1012580B), Chinese patent literature 2 disclosed a kind of " direct-reduction process and rotary hearth furnace " (CN 1219891C), Chinese patent literature 3 disclosed a kind of " coal oxygen fused reduction iron-smelting method and device " (CN1073630C), Chinese patent literature 4 disclosed a kind of " method of producing spongy iron and coproducing synthetic ammonia by reducing gas " (CN1047798C), Chinese patent literature 5 disclosed " a kind of direct reduction process of sponge iron coal base " (CN1142541A), etc.As everyone knows, the gas production technology is a kind of mature technology, but no matter is the gas production technology that develops with strange (Lurgi) stove of (fixed bed vaporization) stove or Shandong, or modern age the advanced person the fluid bed furnace technology, all be to be purpose with single gas production.Employed fuel of blast furnace technology and reductive agent are coke at present, and the gas that blast furnace reclaims is highly purified CO gas, and this gas toxicity is big, can not use as domestic gas.
Direct-reduction process (stage reduction method) have low, the technology of investment simple, owing to can directly use hard coal, the characteristics that smelting iron cost is relatively low, therefore begin to be used to directly from low-grade iron ore, to go back the original production sponge iron at present in some small towns, but this local method blast furnace (mostly below 100 cubic metres even littler) is owing to can not realize the recovery of blast furnace cigarette vapour, therefore production environment is abominable, to week other environment cause serious environmental to pollute, banned (as the Lanshan County, Hunan Province) by local government.External as states such as Australia, Japan have realized successfully that blast furnace or rotary hearth furnace are directly and the original production sponge iron.Domestic had some scientific research institutions and universities and colleges also to begin to carry out the industrial production research of direct-reduction process under the subsidy of enterprise at present.But do not see so far and direct-reduction process is produced the sponge iron technology and the gas production technology combines, form a kind of report of co-production technology, do not have a kind of smelting iron producer gas generator that can realize this co-production technology yet.
The gas production technology is a kind of sophisticated large scale industry technology, but present coal gas technology all is with single production coal gas (containing single CO G﹠W coal gas).
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of and will smelt sponge iron and produce the smelting iron producer gas generator that domestic gas production unites two into one, so that produce water-gas in direct-reduction process smelting iron, and realize CO
2Zero release.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is:
Be provided with body of heater; At the top of body of heater, the rotation material distributing machine that is communicated with burner hearth is housed and the furnace gas recovery tube takes place; At the sidepiece of body of heater, the heating gas outlet, the secondary that are communicated with burner hearth are housed supply gas and take over and bocca, bocca is communicated with heating gas inlet pipe and oxygen cathete; In the bottom of body of heater inner chamber tapered furnace bottom is housed, the gap of its bottom and furnace wall is a discharge port, above discharge port, be equipped with can opening and closing baffle plate; Be provided with the water injection pipe of wearing tapered furnace bottom, water jet and plug be housed on its body of rod top of stretching out.
Smelting iron producer gas generator of the present invention can form a plurality of reaction zones based on following principle in its burner hearth naturally:
(1)
(step is original production sponge iron technology also)
(2)
(water-gas technology)
(3)
(water-gas technology)
In the burner hearth of smelting iron producer gas generator of the present invention, roughly be divided into from top to bottom: cryosphere, furnace temperature are 15～300 ℃; Organic matter degradation layer, furnace temperature are 301～800 ℃; Main gasification layer, furnace temperature is 801～1000 ℃; Iron reducing zone, furnace temperature are 1001～1250 ℃; Water vapor reducing zone, furnace temperature are 1249～800 ℃; High-temperature water vapor layer, furnace temperature are 799～500 ℃; Water filling vaporization layer, furnace temperature are 499～100 ℃.
Smelting iron producer gas generator provided by the invention has been filled up and direct-reduction process can have been produced the blank that sponge iron technology and gas production technology combine.Simultaneously, adopt this smelting iron producer gas generator in smelting iron, to produce in the process of water-gas, compared with prior art have following major advantage:
1. make the directly directly reduction of contact of iron powder, coal dust, the metal pelletizing is by showing to the lining simultaneously fast " directly reduction ".So the present invention compares with conventional ironmaking, can improve seven times in laboratory test; Be used for back yard industry production, can make furnace processor increase by 1.2 times; And the ironmaking running cost significantly reduces.
2. economic benefit is considerable: make reductive agent with former coal dust, the reductive agent coke price that uses than conventional smelting iron is low, and both differ about 3.5 times.
3. with short production cycle: directly reduce only 2 hours time spent in the time of 1200 ℃, the general blast furnace recovery time needs 16 hours.
4. be solid state reduction, temperature is low, and the recovery time is short, and energy consumption is low, again can briquet replacing coke, so production cost is low.Can make grade become economically feasible in the adopting of the iron ore of 30-45%, choosing, smelting.
5. can reclaim the water-gas that fugitive constituent in the coal and smelting iron producer gas generator produce, production process does not have gaseous emission, really accomplishes environmental protection smelting iron.
6. adopt oxygen as ignition dope, greatly reduce a nitrogen content in the smelting iron producer gas generator water-gas, the water-gas calorific value height of being produced, the utilization field is wide, as can be used as domestic gas, generating, industrial fuel etc.
7. the heat that adopts furnace bottom water filling or gas injection to absorb the metal pelletizing produces high-temperature vapor, has reduced the unit cost of sponge iron and coal gas significantly, discharge be 100 ℃ of low-temperature metal pelletizings, production technique safety and energy-conservation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that smelting iron producer gas generator of the present invention is in the position of iron-smelting process flow process and the connection diagram of relevant device.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of smelting iron producer gas generator 7 among Fig. 1.
Among the figure: 1. first grinding machine; 2. second grinding machine; 3. mixer; 4. apparatus for making pearl ball; 5. dryer; 6. first heat exchanger; 7. smelting iron producer gas generator; 8. bocca; 9. blower fan; 10. second heat exchanger; 11. oxygenerator; 12. gravitational precipitator; 13. sack cleaner; 14. commodity air reservoir; 15. the 3rd grinding machine; 16. magnetic separator; 17. shaper; 18. merchant iron storehouse; 19. mine tailing storehouse; 20. pedestal; 21. discharge port; 22. furnace wall; 23. box hat; 24. refractory masses; The adapter 25. secondary is supplied gas; 26. first heating gas outlet; 27. the furnace gas recovery tube takes place; 28. rotation material distributing machine; 29. burner hearth; 30. metal pelletizing; 31. second heating gas outlet; 32. heating gas inlet pipe; 33. oxygen cathete; 34. water jet; 35. baffle plate; 36. water injection pipe; 37. water filling control valve; 38. tapered furnace bottom.
Embodiment
A kind of smelting iron producer gas generator that is used to produce sponge iron and water-gas provided by the invention, its structure be as shown in Figure 2: be provided with the body of heater that is located in pedestal 20.At the top of body of heater, the rotation material distributing machine 28 that is communicated with burner hearth 29 is housed and furnace gas recovery tube 27 takes place; At the sidepiece of body of heater, the heating gas outlet, the secondary that are communicated with burner hearth 29 are housed supply gas and take over 25 and bocca 8, bocca 8 is communicated with heating gas inlet pipe 32 and oxygen cathete 33; In the bottom of body of heater inner chamber tapered furnace bottom 38 is housed, the gap of its bottom and furnace wall 22 is discharge ports 21, above discharge port 21, be equipped with can opening and closing baffle plate 35.Be provided with the water injection pipe 36 of wearing tapered furnace bottom 38 on one, water jet 34 and plug be housed on its body of rod top of stretching out.
Described heating gas outlet can have 1～4.When adopting 2 (first heating gas outlet, 26 and second heating gas outlets 31 as shown in Figure 2) or the outlet of the heating gas more than 2, they are symmetrically distributed in the middle top of body of heater sidepiece.
Described bocca 8, its left end stretches into burner hearth 29, and its right-hand member connects heating gas inlet pipe 32 and oxygen cathete 33 by Y-junction.This bocca 8 has double-layer sleeve structure, and wherein: interior pipe is communicated with heating gas inlet pipe 32, and outer tube is communicated with oxygen cathete 33.
The composition of described furnace wall 22 is: be box hat 23, refractory masses 24 from inside to outside successively.Described burner hearth 29 is a long table cone type cavity.Metal pelletizing 30 in the burner hearth 29 is for coal iron ore ratio is that 1～1.5: 1 diameter of making through ball milling, system ball operation is 5～15 centimetres a bead.
Described generation furnace gas recovery tube 27 is made up of the arm more than 2 or 2, and their top is provided with a common and takes over.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2: described adapter is supplied gas with secondary respectively by first heat exchanger 6 and is taken over 25 and first heating gas outlet 26 and second heat exchanger 10 and gravitational precipitator 12 is communicated with, the lower end of its arm be communicated with burner hearth 29.Second heat exchanger 10 is communicated with burner hearth 29 by pipeline.
Described baffle plate 35, one side and furnace wall 22 or tapered furnace bottom 38 are hinged; Its opening and closing can for example can be adopted the controlling organization of the opening and closing of similar bus car door by pneumatic or hydraulic gear control.
Described water injection pipe 36 can be according to size arrangement 1 or a plurality of water injection pipe of burner hearth 29.On this water injection pipe body water filling control valve 37 is housed, so that control water injection rate and waterflood injection rate.Water jet 34 on each water injection pipe can be two or more.The water that injects in the burner hearth through water jet can make full use of waste heat in the stove on the one hand, can stop the sponge iron secondary oxidation effectively through spray cooling under the furnace reduction condition simultaneously.
Described rotation material distributing machine 28 can adopt existing smelting iron blast furnace with rotating the material distributing machine assembly.
Other parts relevant with the present invention, as shown in Figure 1: apparatus for making pearl ball 4 can be the roll-type apparatus for making pearl ball, also can be the ram-type apparatus for making pearl ball.Oxygenerator 11, its delivery of oxygen tracheae is communicated with second heat exchanger 10, and second heat exchanger 10 and with pipeline that bocca 8 is communicated with between be provided with blower fan 9.Gravitational precipitator 12 is communicated with the commodity air reservoir through sack cleaner 13 by pipeline.First grinding machine 1, second grinding machine 2 and the 3rd grinding machine 15 can be ball mill, Raymond mill.Shaper can be a heat pressing forming machines, also can be by the cakingagent cold-press moulding.
Smelting iron producer gas generator 7 of the present invention can adopt shaft furnace type body of heater, the directly platform taper of increase or cylindrical gradually of stove from top to bottom.Be beneficial to metal pelletizing 30 and pack into from furnace roof, and in body of heater with deadweight operation downwards, the furnace high-temperature reducing gas is up, forms relative adverse current reducing environment in the stove, reaches with the upper strata mineral aggregate fully to contact, and improves reduction efficiency,
Smelting iron producer gas generator provided by the invention, its working process is: referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, fuel of the present invention is the high-temperature water gas that smelting iron producer gas generator 7 produces.Described water-gas enters bocca 8 through blower fan 9 from heating gas inlet pipe 32 from the outlet 31 of second heating gas, spray and burning at bocca 8 with the oxygen that enters bocca 8, the homo(io)thermism that makes the iron reducing zone in the burner hearth 29 is between 1201～1250, so that the ferriferous oxide of 98% in the iron ore is reduced to sponge iron.Ignition dope is an oxygen, the inflammable gas component in the described smelting iron producer gas generator output coal gas can be brought up to more than 80%.Oxygen is warming up to 900 ℃ from oxygenerator 11 through second thermoconverter 10, and is combustion-supporting in bocca injects stove, both can keep furnace temperature stable through second thermoconverter 10, again can be fully energy-conservation.Smelting iron producer gas generator 7 of the present invention reclaims through furnace gas recovery tube 27 takes place in the low temperature furnace gas of cryosphere and the generation of organic matter degradation layer, inject first heat exchanger 6 then, low temperature oven temperature is brought up to 800 ℃, secondary injects master's gasification layer of smelting iron producer gas generator 7, be degraded to methane fully through high temperature, ethane is to the hydrocarbon polymer of low-carbon (LC)s such as butane.
Smelting iron producer gas generator provided by the invention, the application in direct-reduction process smelting iron in the method for production water-gas.Now be exemplified below:
Smelting iron producer gas generator 7 is a reductive agent with the coal, and water-gas is fuel, is ignition dope with oxygen; Coal and ferriferous oxide are worn into powder with first grinding machine 1, second grinding machine 2 respectively, mix through mixer 3, and be pressed into behind the metal pelletizing by dryer 5 dry for standby with apparatus for making pearl ball 4, standby metal pelletizing is placed smelting iron producer gas generator, and half-finished sponge iron is produced in heat temperature raising to 1000～1250 a ℃ direct reduction.Half-finished sponge iron is crushed into iron content with the 3rd grinding machine 15 with it earlier and mixes particle, select pure sponge iron particle with magnetic separator 16 then, again pure sponge iron particle is sent into shaper 17 and be pressed into merchant iron to be sold, this merchant iron can be gone into merchant iron storehouse 18 and be preserved; Remaining waste residue enters mine tailing storehouse 19.
Simultaneously, utilize the furnace temperature heat of smelting iron producer gas generator, metal pelletizing in 100～300 ℃ of interval dry for standby of furnace temperature, make the coal degraded in the metal pelletizing discharge fugitive constituent in 301～800 ℃ of intervals of furnace temperature, the recovery of furnace gas recovery tube by after taking place in the moisture content of this fugitive constituent and evaporation, when heat exchanger is warming up to 900 ℃, supply gas and take over 25 and go into stove once more, and be cracked into the low-carbon (LC) hydrocarbon polymer in 801～1000 ℃ of intervals of furnace temperature through secondary; Part carbon in the metal pelletizing will react with the residual water vapor of taking over 25 water vapors that enter and rising from bottom iron reducing zone of supplying gas from secondary simultaneously, generate water-gas.
Smelting iron producer gas generator of the present invention is produced in sponge iron and the water-gas process at the same time, can adopt following step method:
(1) reinforced: be earlier that 3～5: 1 coal and clay are milled to 200～400 orders and are placed on water mixing in the mixer 3 with first grinding machine 1, second grinding machine 2 respectively with weight ratio, amount of water is 10～20% of coal and a clay gross weight; Again homomixture being made diameter with apparatus for making pearl ball 4 is 5～10 centimetres briquet, and by dryer 5 dry to water content be 8%; Then the briquet of oven dry is used rotation material distributing machine 28 even spreadings in the burner hearth 29 of smelting iron producer gas generator 7, when maintaining an equal level, stopped to add briquet with bocca 8.Described coal can be a kind of in hard coal, bituminous coal, the brown coal, or multiple.
(2) igniting: half-open baffle plate 35 from discharge port 21 igniting, by blower fan 9 air blast in stove, makes briquet from descending to the burner hearth internal combustion.Treat in the burner hearth on fire comprehensively after, use the even spreading of rotation material distributing machine in the burner hearth of smelting iron producer gas generator standby metal pelletizing, the metal pelletizing of going into behind the stove is dried at cryosphere, the furnace temperature of cryosphere is 15～300 ℃, the metal pelletizing relies on deadweight at first to drop in the organic matter degradation layer to degrade under action of gravity then, the furnace temperature of organic matter degradation layer is 300～800 ℃, and the coal in the metal pelletizing discharges the fugitive constituent in producing coal earlier in the heat baking at this moment.
Standby metal pelletizing can be made by following method: earlier be that 1～2: 1 coal and iron ore powder are milled to 200～400 orders respectively and are placed on water mixing in the mixer 3 with weight ratio, amount of water is 10～20% of coal and an iron ore powder gross weight; Again homomixture being made diameter with apparatus for making pearl ball 4 is 5～10 centimetres metal pelletizing, by dryer 5 the metal pelletizing is dried to water content then to be 8%, standby.
(3) secondary is supplied gas: the evaporation moisture content in d/d coal fugitive constituent and the stove is earlier by taking place to enter heat exchanger after furnace gas recovery tube 27 reclaims, be warming up to 900 ℃, supply gas through secondary again and take over 25 and go into the hydrocarbon polymer that stove is cracked into low-carbon (LC), as methane, ethane, propane and butane etc.
Above-mentioned metal pelletizing relies on deadweight to drop to main gasification layer by the organic matter degradation layer, and the furnace temperature of main gasification layer is 801～1000 ℃; At this moment, part carbon in the metal pelletizing, with the residual water vapor generation water generation reaction coal gas of supplying gas from secondary and taking over 25 water vapors that enter and rising from bottom iron reducing zone, water-gas enters in the corresponding heat exchanger through the heating gas outlet again, water-gas enters corresponding heat exchanger cooling through the heating gas outlet again, enters commodity air reservoir 14 through gravitational precipitator 12, sack cleaner 13 then.
(4) smelting iron: above-mentioned metal pelletizing relies on deadweight to drop to the iron reducing zone by main gasification layer, start oxygenerator 11 and blower fan 9, oxygen and water-gas are lighted ejection from bocca 8, it is 1001～1250 ℃ that the metal pelletizing is heated to furnace temperature, makes the carbon in the metal pelletizing directly be reduced to sponge iron to the ferriferous oxide in the metal pelletizing.Described ferriferous oxide is a kind of in rhombohedral iron ore, limonite, magnetite, the spathic iron ore, or multiple.
(5) make gas for the first time: above-mentioned metal pelletizing relies on deadweight to drop to the water vapor reducing zone by the iron reducing zone, and the furnace temperature of water vapor reducing zone is 1249～800 ℃; At this moment, the part excess carbon and the steam reaction that are contained in the metal pelletizing generate water-gas, and make the metal pelletizing be cooled to 800 ℃ rapidly.
(6) waste heat exchange system high-temperature water vapor: above-mentioned metal pelletizing dependence deadweight drops to the high-temperature water vapor layer from the water vapor reducing zone and carries out heat exchange, and the furnace temperature of high-temperature water vapor layer is 799～500 ℃; At this moment, the water vapor that the water filling vaporization layer is vaporized is heated to about 799 ℃, and the furnace temperature of water filling vaporization layer is 499～100 ℃; Simultaneously the metal pelletizing is cooled to 499 ℃, metal pelletizing after the cooling relies on deadweight to drop to the water filling vaporization layer from the high-temperature water vapor layer, at this moment, the water vapour that injects water or 100 ℃ penetrates from water jet 34, and vaporize rapidly and heat up, make the metal pelletizing be cooled to 100 ℃, discharge from discharge port 21 through baffle plate 35 again.
The process of discharging from discharge port 21, opening and closing by baffle plate 35, control metal pelletizing after expanded from the discharge of discharge port with stop, control the speed that the metal pelletizing descends in the burner hearth thus, to guarantee that the metal pelletizing has the rational reaction times in cryosphere, organic matter degradation layer, main gasification layer, iron reducing zone, water vapor reducing zone, high-temperature water vapor layer and water filling vaporization layer, this reaction times can be needed to decide by the size and the actual process of burner hearth 29.The opening and closing of baffle plate 35 can for example can be adopted the controlling organization of the opening and closing of similar bus car door by pneumatic or hydraulic gear control.
(7) magnetic separation: the expanded metal pelletizing from discharge port 21 is discharged, with the 3rd grinding machine 15 it is crushed into iron content earlier and mixes particle, select pure sponge iron particle with magnetic separator 16 then, purer sponge iron particle is sent into shaper and be pressed into merchant iron to be sold; Remaining waste residue enters the mine tailing storehouse.
(8) dedusting: described step 3 and 5 water-gas that produce are CO, the H of smelting iron producer gas generator generation
2A kind of with in the hydrocarbon polymer of low-carbon (LC), or multiple.The hydrocarbon polymer of low-carbon (LC) is gases such as methane, ethane, propane and butane.This water-gas by sack cleaner 13 further dedustings, forms commodity coal gas to be sold, and goes into commodity air reservoir 14 more earlier by gravitational precipitator 12 dedusting, and is standby.The waste residue that dedusting is got off enters the mine tailing storehouse.
In said process, reacting required high-temperature vapor is by injecting water or water vapour in lower furnace portion, utilizing the metal pelletizing that restores sponge iron in water or water vapour and the burner hearth to carry out obtaining after the heat exchange.
Smelting iron producer gas generator 7 of the present invention is formed with following reaction zone naturally in its burner hearth 29;
Main gasification layer: rely on from the strong high temperature gas flow that rises of iron reducing zone and be heated to 801～1000 ℃.
Organic matter degradation layer: rely on from the iron reducing zone to produce, be heated to 301～800 ℃ through the strong high temperature gas flow that rises of main gasification layer.
Cryosphere: rely on from the iron reducing zone to produce, be heated to 15～300 ℃ through main gasification layer, the strong hot gas flow that rises of organic matter degradation layer.
Water vapor reducing zone: rely on the hot metal pelletizing that is reduced that water vapor is heated to 1249～800 ℃.And carbon remaining in the metal pelletizing can be replaced into H
2And CO.
High-temperature water vapor layer: rely on 799～500 ℃ of metal pelletizings that water vapor is heated to 799～500 ℃.
Water filling vaporization layer: rely on the hot metal pelletizing be reduced will be, or directly inject water vapour and be heated to 100～300 ℃ from the aqueous vaporization of water-filling nozzle 34 ejections.
Claims (8)
1. a smelting iron producer gas generator that is used to produce sponge iron and water-gas is provided with body of heater, it is characterized in that the top at body of heater, the rotation material distributing machine (28) that is communicated with burner hearth (29) is housed and furnace gas recovery tube (27) takes place; At the sidepiece of body of heater, the heating gas outlet, the secondary that are communicated with burner hearth (29) supply gas adapter (25) and bocca (8) are housed, bocca (8) is communicated with heating gas inlet pipe (32) and oxygen cathete (33); Tapered furnace bottom (38) is housed in the bottom of body of heater inner chamber, and the gap of its bottom and furnace wall (22) is discharge port (21), be equipped with in the top of discharge port (21) can opening and closing baffle plate (35); Be provided with the water injection pipe (36) of wearing tapered furnace bottom (38), water jet (34) and plug be housed on its body of rod top of stretching out.
2. smelting iron producer gas generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described heating gas outlet has more than 1.
3. smelting iron producer gas generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described generation furnace gas recovery tube (27) is communicated with by the adapter (25) of supplying gas of heat exchanger and secondary.
4. smelting iron producer gas generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described bocca (8), and its left end stretches into burner hearth (29), and right-hand member connects heating gas inlet pipe (32) and oxygen cathete (33) by Y-junction.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described smelting iron producer gas generators, it is characterized in that described bocca (8) has double-layer sleeve structure, wherein, interior pipe is communicated with heating gas inlet pipe (32), and outer tube is communicated with oxygen cathete (33).
6. smelting iron producer gas generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that described baffle plate (35), and one side and furnace wall (22) or tapered furnace bottom (38) are hinged.
7. according to claim 1 or 6 described smelting iron producer gas generators, it is characterized in that described baffle plate (35), its opening and closing are by pneumatic or hydraulic gear control.
8. smelting iron producer gas generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that wearing on described being the water injection pipe (36) of tapered furnace bottom more than one, and water filling control valve (37) is housed on its body.
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| CN2008100483726A CN101307369B (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2008-07-11 | Iron-smelting gas generator for producing sponge iron and water-gas |
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| CN2008100483726A CN101307369B (en) | 2008-07-11 | 2008-07-11 | Iron-smelting gas generator for producing sponge iron and water-gas |
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| CN101307369B true CN101307369B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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| CN101100701A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2008-01-09 | 张文慧 | Method and device for producing sponge iron by using reducing gas prepared from coke oven gas |
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2008
- 2008-07-11 CN CN2008100483726A patent/CN101307369B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4900356A (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1990-02-13 | Midrex International B.V. | Process and apparatus for producing metallized pellets and scrubbing spent reducing gas |
| CN1123330A (en) * | 1995-09-19 | 1996-05-29 | 冶金工业部重庆钢铁设计研究院 | Composite furnace device |
| CN1212729A (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 1999-03-31 | 奥地利钢铁联合企业阿尔帕工业设备制造公司 | Method for producing liquid pig iron or liquid steel pre-products and sponge metal |
| WO1999001583A1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-01-14 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Method for using coal fines in a melt-down gasifier |
| CN101100701A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2008-01-09 | 张文慧 | Method and device for producing sponge iron by using reducing gas prepared from coke oven gas |
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