CN101337749A - A solar desalination method and complete device - Google Patents
A solar desalination method and complete device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101337749A CN101337749A CNA2008100715545A CN200810071554A CN101337749A CN 101337749 A CN101337749 A CN 101337749A CN A2008100715545 A CNA2008100715545 A CN A2008100715545A CN 200810071554 A CN200810071554 A CN 200810071554A CN 101337749 A CN101337749 A CN 101337749A
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Cl] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl] DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 planktonic organism Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical group [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种太阳能膜法海水淡化方法及成套设备，它由太阳能光伏电池系统、海水预处理系统和反渗透淡化系统三部分构成。太阳能光伏电池系统包括太阳能电池面板、框架、设置于太阳能电池面板背面的背面构件和贮存电能的蓄电池及电流转换器组成。由太阳能光伏电池系统给海水预处理系统和反渗透淡化系统提供能源。将海水经过海水预处理系统处理除去海藻、浮游生物、悬浮物、胶体、细菌，然后泵入反渗透，经过反渗透脱盐得淡水和卤水(浓缩水)。采用本方法所得的淡水符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》GB5749－2006，可以直接作为生产和生活用水。
The invention relates to a solar membrane seawater desalination method and a complete set of equipment, which consists of three parts: a solar photovoltaic cell system, a seawater pretreatment system and a reverse osmosis desalination system. The solar photovoltaic cell system consists of a solar cell panel, a frame, a back member arranged on the back of the solar cell panel, a storage battery and a current converter for storing electric energy. The solar photovoltaic battery system provides energy for the seawater pretreatment system and the reverse osmosis desalination system. The seawater is treated by the seawater pretreatment system to remove algae, plankton, suspended solids, colloids, and bacteria, and then pumped into reverse osmosis to obtain fresh water and brine (concentrated water) through reverse osmosis desalination. The fresh water obtained by the method complies with the Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water GB5749-2006 and can be directly used as water for production and domestic use.
Description
Technical field
Novel a kind of sea water desaltination desalination method and the complexes of relating to of the present invention, particularly a kind of based on solar powered and method for desalting seawater and complexes membrane sepn.
Background technology
The total reserves of water globe is 13.86 hundred million km3, and seawater just occupies 96.5%, and face of land fresh water that the mankind can take and shallow-layer fresh groundwater only are 0.79%, and inhomogeneous with region and seasonal variation distributed pole.Shortage of fresh water has become one of three overall situation problems of 21 century, and therefore, sea water desaltination and direct seawater utilization technology become the new and high technology that various countries pay much attention to, and also is one of important measures that solve China's water resources crisis.Wanting water, want resource to the sea, is that the reality that solves coastal (coastal waters) regional shortage of fresh water is selected, and also is to realize sustainable utilization of water resource, ensures the vital measure of the coastland sustainable development of socio-economy, is of great immediate significance and strategic importance.Contain a large amount of salt in the seawater.From seawater, remove salt, extract fresh water? it is the dream that the mankind have pursued the centuries.As far back as the epoch of the big navigation in the world, British royal family was just once put on someone's head and was solicited economical method for desalting seawater.Even to this day, more than the method for sea water desaltination is existing hundreds of, mainly contain distillation method, cold method, reverse osmosis method (claiming ultra-filtration method or embrane method usually again), sun power method, low-temperature multi-effect, multistage flash evaporation, electroosmose process, pressure steam distillation, circulation electric capacity absorption method, dew point method of evaporation, water power coproduction, hotting mask coproduction etc.These methods, otherwise efficient is not high, otherwise energy consumption is big, and uneconomical.Therefore, weigh from economical standard, still not fully up to expectations.Particularly along with industry and expanding economy, under the fossil energy resource situations less and less such as oil, the mankind have to seek the new energy and replace fossil energies such as oil.Wherein, inexhaustible sun power becomes important research direction.Therefore, utilize sun power to carry out sea water desaltination and become important research project.The technology of utilizing the sun to carry out sea water desaltination has many, only China just discloses 12 of applications for a patent for invention, 34 of utility application mainly contain 99112588.6,200610030484.X, 200610113412.1,02279697.5,200410050333.1,200510107740.6,200710015141.5 etc.How these disclosed technology of utilizing sun power to carry out sea water desaltination utilizes solar energy-thermal conversion evaporation of seawater to be realized the technology of desalinating if all concentrating on, and sun power is not combined with other desalination technologies, therefore, disposable input cost is bigger, and efficient is not high, and the prospect of practice is also little.Reverse osmosis method (claiming ultra-filtration method or embrane method usually again) is a development in recent years desalination technology very rapidly, its advantage is that the efficient of sea water desaltination is higher, scale can be carried out personalized design as required, throughput is big, but its weak point is also more outstanding: the one, if adopt the single-stage desalination by reverse osmosis, the boron and the bromide of product (desalination water) exceed standard, do not meet GB5749-2006 " drinking water sanitary standard ", can not be as Drinking Water, if adopt secondary or multistage desalination by reverse osmosis, product (desalination water) is though can reach GB5749-2006 " drinking water sanitary standard ", and production cost is again than higher.The 2nd, power consumption is big, and cost is higher.Therefore, sun power and reverse osmosis method combination if can be carried out sea water desaltination, not only can improve sea water desaltination efficient, and can reduce cost by a relatively large margin.Chinese patent 200720069563.1 discloses a kind of photovoltaic reverse osmosis desalination device, and it comprises solar electrical energy generation module and the light module of reverse osmosis system.In the solar electrical energy generation module, the structure of solar panels is disclosed, the structure and the technical parameter thereof of store battery also do not disclosed.During sea water preprocessing in the light module of reverse osmosis system, adopted the interpolation flocculation agent to carry out flocculation treatment, the one, increase cost, the 2nd, add new chemical substance, thereby caused the risk of secondary chemical pollution.When the osmosis filtration in the light module of reverse osmosis system prepares fresh water, the structure of reverse osmosis membrane module is not disclosed, also do not have which kind of reverse osmosis membrane material of public use, still, the fresh water of a lot of reverse osmosis membrane material preparations can not satisfy GB5749-2006 " drinking water sanitary standard ".
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to problem at the prior art existence, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of sun power that utilizes to be power supply, method for desalting seawater and complexes that sun power and osmosis filtration are combined closely, it utilizes solar cell as propulsion source, establish one's own system, and simple in structure, easy to use.
Solar desalination process of the present invention and complexes comprise following system:
(1) photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system: constitute by solar panel face, framework, the structure that is arranged at the solar panels face back side, store battery, controller, electric energy invertor.Sun power changes into electric energy through photovoltaic cell and is stored in the store battery, through pretreatment system and the reverse osmosis system power supply of current inverter to sea water desaltination.
The output terminal of described solar cell is connected with controller, and the output terminal of controller is connected with current inverter, and controller is connected with store battery is two-way.
Described controller is connected with store battery is two-way, is used to control accumulator cell charging and discharging, and total system is monitored and controlled.
Described invertor is connected with the output terminal of controller, is used for the electric current of solar cell generation or the direct current of store battery output are converted to alternating-current, offers the saturating desalination system of sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis.
Described solar panel face is tabular square formation structure, spination or corrugated structure, to increase the area of side to light, with 24,48,72, the series system of 96 sun power version solar photovoltaic cell panels connects, constitute 12V respectively, 24V, 36V, the solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group of 48V, the electric energy that the photovoltaic cell group produces charges through battery charger accumulators group, be stored in composite membrane lithium ion battery group, in the store batteries such as ickel-cadmium cell group or lead-acid cell group, electric energy is powered to sea water preprocessing system and the saturating desalination system of seawater reverse osmosis through orthogonal stream invertor conversion back.
The solar panel of described photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system is silicon single crystal plate, polysilicon films, organosilicon plate or thin film photovoltaic panel, and size can be determined as required.
(2) sea water preprocessing system: constitute by intake pipe, water intaking pump, little electrolytic cell, sandfiltration pot, activated carbon canister and micro-filtration membrane module.Seawater pumps into and carries out little electrolysis in little electrolytic cell through the water intaking pump, makes formation larger particle such as marine plankton, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium and produces oxidizing substance.Form larger particle and produce oxidizing substance and filter and the absorption of activated carbon adsorption jar, do not filtered solid impurity, planktonic organism, colloid, the bacterium of removing and remove by filter through micro-filtration again by sandfiltration pot through sandfiltration pot;
The operating voltage of little electrolytic cell of described sea water preprocessing system is 3V～48V, strength of current is that the marine plankton, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium in 3～50A seawater etc. is through little electrolysis treatment, after forming larger particles, filter removal through sandfiltration pot and charcoal canister, the oxidizing substance that little electrolysis produces is removed through the absorption of activated carbon adsorption tower.
The film pipe of described sea water preprocessing system is that ceramic membrane, the membrane module of aperture 0.05～0.1 μ m is tubular membrane component, and has the timing automatic washing unit.
Mould material in the micro-filtration membrane module of described sea water preprocessing system is that molecular weight cut-off is above polysulfone membrane or poly (ether sulfone) films of 200000 dalton, and membrane module is plate film assembly, tubular membrane component or rolled membrane module, and has the timing automatic washing unit.
(3) the saturating desalting of seawater reverse osmosis system: form by high-pressure pump, reverse osmosis membrane assembly, activated carbon adsorption post and fresh water jar.Pumping into the sodium-chlor rejection through high-pressure pump through the seawater of micro-filtration membrane module filtration, purification is 98% reverse osmosis membrane assembly, at operating pressure difference be to carry out osmosis filtration under the condition of 1.5-2.0bar, fresh water and bittern (condensed water).Fresh water must meet the fresh water of " drinking water sanitary standard " GB5749-2006 through the absorption of activated carbon adsorption post, and bittern (condensed water) directly enters in the ocean as waste water.
The reverse osmosis membrane of the saturating desalination system of described seawater reverse osmosis is for being 98% to the sodium-chlor rejection and the boron ion had selecting to take off the Type B-polysulphone reverse osmosis rolled film of function, and have a timing automatic washing unit, its working conditions is: temperature: normal temperature～45 ℃, operating pressure is 3-75bar, and pressure difference is 1.5-2.0bar.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the tabular square formation structural representation of solar panel of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the laciniation synoptic diagram of solar panel of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the corrugated structural representation of solar panel of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of solar desalination process of the present invention and complexes.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 4, solar desalination process of the present invention and complexes comprise that three systems of the saturating desalination system of photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system, sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis form.
Described photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system are made of solar cell 11, store battery 12, controller 13 and electric energy invertor 14.The structure of solar cell 11 such as the plate-like structure of Fig. 1, the electric energy of its generation is stored in the store battery 12 through controller 13.The output terminal of solar cell 11 connects with controller 13, and controller 13 and 12 two-way connections of store battery are used for store battery is discharged and recharged control, prevents to overcharge and overdischarge, and has protection and monitoring function, and total system is carried out Monitoring and Controlling.Electric energy invertor 14 connects with the output terminal of controller 13, is used for converting the direct current of solar cell or store battery output to alternating-current, offers the saturating desalination system of sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis.Described solar cell is that 24 silicon single crystal plates constitute by every group.Described store battery is a lead acid cell.
Described sea water preprocessing system comprises: seawater intake pipe 21, water intaking pump 22, little electricity jars 23, sand filter (jar) 24, active carbon filtration pond (jar) 25, high-pressure pump 26 and microfiltration systems 27.The output terminal of the electric energy invertor 14 in the current input terminal of little electrolytic cell 23 and microfiltration systems 27 and photoelectricity conversion, storage and the power supply system connects.The operating voltage of little electrolytic cell 23 is 36V, and electric current is 10A, and microfiltration systems 27 operating voltage are 220V or 380V.The film pipe of microfiltration systems 27 is that ceramic membrane, the structure of aperture 0.05～0.1 μ m is tubular membrane component.Seawater is transported to little electricity jar 23 through intake pipe 21 and carries out little electrolysis, make marine plankton in the seawater, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium etc. through little electrolysis treatment, after forming larger particles, through sandfiltration pot 24 and active carbon filtration pond (jar) 25 filtrations remove primary purifying water, primary purifying water pumps into microfiltration systems 27 through high-pressure pump 26 and filters, and gets purifying sea water.
The saturating desalination system of described seawater reverse osmosis: form by high-pressure pump 31, reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32, activated carbon adsorption post 33 and fresh water jar 34.Reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32 is for being 98% to the sodium-chlor rejection and the boron ion had selecting to take off the Type B-polysulphone reverse osmosis tubular membrane component of function, and has the timing automatic washing unit.The seawater that purifies through microfiltration systems 27 through high-pressure pump 31 be input to filter in the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32 desalination water, desalination water must meet the fresh water of " drinking water sanitary standard " GB5749-2006 after through 33 absorption of activated carbon adsorption post.
Specific embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 4, solar desalination process of the present invention and complexes comprise that three systems of the saturating desalination system of photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system, sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis form.
Described photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system are made of solar cell 11, store battery 12, controller 13 and electric energy invertor 14.The structure of solar cell 11 such as the laciniation of Fig. 2, the electric energy of its generation is stored in the store battery 12 through controller 13.The output terminal of solar cell 11 connects with controller 13, and controller 13 and 12 two-way connections of store battery are used for store battery is discharged and recharged control, prevents to overcharge and overdischarge, and has protection and monitoring function, and total system is carried out Monitoring and Controlling.Electric energy invertor 14 connects with the output terminal of controller 13, is used for converting the direct current of solar cell or store battery output to alternating-current, offers the saturating desalination system of sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis.Described solar cell is that 48 silicon single crystal plates constitute by every group.Described store battery is a cadmium-nickel accumulator.
Described sea water preprocessing system comprises: seawater intake pipe 21, water intaking pump 22, little electricity jars 23, sand filter (jar) 24, active carbon filtration pond (jar) 25, high-pressure pump 26 and microfiltration systems 27.The output terminal of the electric energy invertor 14 in the current input terminal of little electrolytic cell 23 and microfiltration systems 27 and photoelectricity conversion, storage and the power supply system connects.The operating voltage of little electrolytic cell 23 is 4V, and electric current is 50A, and microfiltration systems 27 operating voltage are 220V or 380V.The mould material of microfiltration systems 27 is the above polysulfone membrane of molecular weight cut-off 250000 dalton, and membrane module is a plate film assembly, and has the timing automatic washing unit.
Seawater is transported to little electricity jar 23 through intake pipe 21 and carries out little electrolysis, make marine plankton in the seawater, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium etc. through little electrolysis treatment, after forming larger particles, through sandfiltration pot 24 and active carbon filtration pond (jar) 25 filtrations remove primary purifying water, primary purifying water pumps into microfiltration systems 27 through high-pressure pump 26 and filters, and gets purifying sea water.
The saturating desalting of described seawater reverse osmosis system: form by high-pressure pump 31, reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32, activated carbon adsorption post 33 and fresh water jar 34.Reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32 is for being 98% to the sodium-chlor rejection and the boron ion had selecting to take off the Type B-polysulphone reverse osmosis rolled membrane module of function, and has the timing automatic washing unit.The seawater that purifies through microfiltration systems 26 through high-pressure pump 31 be input to filter in the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32 desalination water, desalination water meets the fresh water of " drinking water sanitary standard " GB5749-2006 after through 33 absorption of activated carbon adsorption post.
Specific embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, solar desalination process of the present invention and complexes comprise that three systems of the saturating desalination system of photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system, sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis form.
Described photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system are made of solar cell 11, store battery 12, controller 13 and electric energy invertor 14.The corrugated structure of the structure of solar cell 11 such as Fig. 3, the electric energy of its generation is stored in the store battery 12 through controller 13.The output terminal of solar cell 11 connects with controller 13, and controller 13 and 12 two-way connections of store battery are used for store battery is discharged and recharged control, prevents to overcharge and overdischarge, and has protection and monitoring function, and total system is carried out Monitoring and Controlling.Electric energy invertor 14 connects with the output terminal of controller 13, is used for converting the direct current of solar cell or store battery output to alternating-current, offers the saturating desalination system of sea water preprocessing system and seawater reverse osmosis.Described solar cell is that 48 silicon single crystal plates constitute by every group.Described store battery is a poly-lithium battery.
Described sea water preprocessing system comprises: seawater intake pipe 21, water intaking pump 22, little electricity jars 23, sand filter (jar) 24, active carbon filtration pond (jar) 25, high-pressure pump 26 and microfiltration systems 27.The output terminal of the electric energy invertor 14 in the current input terminal of little electrolytic cell 23 and microfiltration systems 27 and photoelectricity conversion, storage and the power supply system connects.The operating voltage of little electrolytic cell 23 is 12V, and electric current is 30A, and microfiltration systems 27 operating voltage are 220V or 380V.The mould material of microfiltration systems 27 is the above polysulfones ether films of molecular weight cut-off 200000 dalton, and membrane module is a rolled membrane module, and has the timing automatic washing unit.
Seawater is transported to little electricity jar 23 through intake pipe 21 and carries out little electrolysis, make marine plankton in the seawater, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium etc. through little electrolysis treatment, after forming larger particles, through sandfiltration pot 24 and active carbon filtration pond (jar) 25 filtrations remove primary purifying water, primary purifying water pumps into microfiltration systems 27 through high-pressure pump 26 and filters, and gets purifying sea water.
The saturating desalination system of described seawater reverse osmosis: form by high-pressure pump 31, reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32, activated carbon adsorption post 33 and fresh water jar 34.Reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32 is for being 98% to the sodium-chlor rejection and the boron ion had selecting to take off the Type B-polysulphone reverse osmosis tubular membrane component of function, and has the timing automatic washing unit.The seawater that purifies through microfiltration systems 27 through high-pressure pump 31 be input to filter in the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 32 desalination water, desalination water meets the fresh water of " drinking water sanitary standard " GB5749-2006 after through 33 absorption of activated carbon adsorption post.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of solar desalination process and suite of equipment is characterized in that it comprises following system: (1) photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system: be made of solar panel face, framework, the structure that is arranged at the solar panels face back side, store battery and energy converter
Sunlight changes into electric energy through photovoltaic cell and is stored in the store battery, to the pretreatment system and the reverse osmosis system power supply of sea water desaltination;
(2) sea water preprocessing system: constitute by intake, water intaking pump, little electrolytic cell, sandfiltration pot, activated carbon adsorption tower and micro-filtration membrane module.Seawater pumps into and carries out little electrolysis in little electrolytic cell through the water intaking pump, makes formations larger particles such as marine plankton, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium, pumps into micro-filtration membrane module again remove by filter solid impurity, planktonic organism, colloid, bacterium and oxidizing substance in the seawater after sand filtration is filtered after the processing of activated carbon adsorption tower;
(3) the saturating desalination system of seawater reverse osmosis: form by high-pressure pump, reverse osmosis membrane assembly, activated carbon adsorption post and fresh water jar.Pumping into the sodium-chlor rejection through high-pressure pump through the seawater of micro-filtration membrane module filtration, purification is 98% reverse osmosis membrane assembly, is 3-75bar in operating pressure, and pressure difference is to carry out osmosis filtration under the condition of 1.5-2.0bar, fresh water and bittern (condensed water)
Fresh water must meet the fresh water of " drinking water sanitary standard " GB5749-2006 through the absorption of activated carbon adsorption post, and bittern (condensed water) directly enters in the ocean as waste water.
2, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment, it is characterized in that described photoelectricity transforms, the solar panel of storage and power supply system is plane and is embedded on the cladding glass, with 24,48,72, the series system of 96 silicon plates connects, constitute 12V respectively, 24V, the solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group of 36V and 48V, the electric energy that the photovoltaic cell group produces is stored in composite membrane lithium ion battery group, in the store batteries such as ickel-cadmium cell group or lead-acid cell group, electric energy is powered to sea water preprocessing system and the saturating desalting of seawater reverse osmosis system through DC-AC converter conversion back.
3, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment, it is characterized in that described photoelectricity transforms, the solar panel indentation or the corrugated of storage and power supply system, to increase the area of side to light, with 24,48,72, the series system of 96 silicon plates connects, constitute 12V respectively, 24V, 36V, the solar-energy photo-voltaic cell group of 48V, the electric energy that the photovoltaic cell group produces is stored in composite membrane lithium ion battery group, in the store batteries such as ickel-cadmium cell group or lead-acid cell group, electric energy is powered to sea water preprocessing system and the saturating desalting of seawater reverse osmosis system through DC-AC converter conversion back.
4, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment, the solar panel that it is characterized in that described photoelectricity conversion, storage and power supply system is silicon single crystal, polysilicon or organosilicon plate or film photovoltaic cell plate, and size can be determined as required.
5, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment, 3V～the 48V that it is characterized in that little electrolytic cell of described sea water preprocessing system, strength of current is 3～50A, marine plankton in the seawater, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium etc. are through little electrolysis treatment, after forming larger particles, filter removal through sand filtration, the oxidizing substance that little electrolysis produces is removed through the absorption of activated carbon adsorption tower.
6, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment is characterized in that film pipe in the micro-filtration membrane module of described sea water preprocessing system is that molecular weight cut-off is that ceramic membrane, the membrane module of aperture 0.05～0.1 μ m is tubular membrane component.
7, according to claim 1,5 described solar desalination process and suite of equipment, it is characterized in that the mould material in the micro-filtration membrane module of described sea water preprocessing system is that molecular weight cut-off is above polysulfone membrane or poly (ether sulfone) films of 200000 dalton, membrane module is plate film assembly, tubular membrane component or rolled membrane module, and has the timing automatic washing unit.
8, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment is characterized in that the working conditions of the micro-filtration of described sea water preprocessing system is: temperature: normal temperature～65 ℃, and operating pressure is 3-75bar, pressure difference is 1.5-2.0bar.
9, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment, the reverse osmosis membrane that it is characterized in that the saturating desalting of described seawater reverse osmosis system is for being 98% to the sodium-chlor rejection and the boron ion had selecting to take off the Type B-polysulphone reverse osmosis film of function, the structure of membrane module is a rolled membrane module, and have a timing automatic washing unit, its working conditions is: temperature: normal temperature～45 ℃, operating pressure is 3-50bar, and pressure difference is 1.5-2.0bar.
10, solar desalination process according to claim 1 and suite of equipment; the size and the length that it is characterized in that the activated carbon adsorption post of the saturating desalting of described seawater reverse osmosis system can be according to producing the needs design; interior dress particle or powder activated carbon; residual taste in the fresh water with activated carbon adsorption sea water desaltination gained; take care of yourself domestic water quality, make it meet " drinking water sanitary standard " GB5749-2006.
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