CN101340267B - Communication system transmission control method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

A system and method for transmission control in a wireless communication system, comprising: the received data is transmitted to the receiving device and forwarded to the lower device. The method also includes: a timer is started and a supplemental receive indication signal is generated. If the intermediate device receives at least one of the indication signal and the lower supplemental reception indication signal before the expiration of the timer, the generated supplemental reception indication signal contained in the intermediate device has the reception indication signal or the lower supplemental reception indication signal and transmits the indication signal to the next upper device. If the intermediate device does not receive at least one of a reception indicator or a lower supplemental reception indicator before the timer expires, the intermediate device transmits the generated supplemental reception indicator to the next higher device.

Description

Communication system transmission control method and device

technical field

The present invention relates to methods and devices for communication systems, and more particularly to methods and devices for transmission control in data communication systems.

Background technique

Wireless communication systems allow wireless devices to communicate without the need for wired connections. As wireless systems are integrated into daily life, there is an increasing need for wireless communication systems that can support multimedia services such as speech, audio, video, file and web downloading, and the like. In order to support multimedia services of wireless devices, various wireless communication systems and protocols have been developed to meet the growing demands of multimedia services in wireless communication networks.

One such protocol is Wideband Code Division Multiplexing (W-CDMA), which is published by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPPTM) and jointly researched by several standard development organizations. W-CDMA is a wideband spread spectrum mobile broadcast interface that uses direct sequence code division multiplexing (CDMA).

The communication of this wireless system may include single-hop transmission and multi-hop transmission. In single-node wireless transmission, the originating node communicates directly with the target node. In contrast, in multi-node wireless transmission, an originating node of a wireless system may use one or more intermediate nodes (sometimes referred to as relay nodes) to communicate with a destination node. In some systems, a relay node may be referred to as a relay station, and the combination of nodes and connections between an originating node and a destination node may be referred to as a transmission path. Repeater systems can exist in any type of wireless network.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known wireless network 100 with multi-node transmission and single-node transmission. The wireless network 100 shown in FIG. 1 is based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.16 family of standards. As shown in FIG. 1, a wireless network 100 may include one or more transmitters (such as a base station (BS) 110), one or more relay stations (RS) 120 (including RS 120a, 120b, and 120c), and one or more Subscriber Stations (SS) 130 (including SS 130a, 130b, 130c and 130d).

In the wireless network 100, communication between an originating node (eg, BS 110) and a target node (eg, SS 130a, SS 130b, SS 130c, SS 130d, etc.) may be performed by one or more relay stations (eg, RS 120a, RS 120b , RS 120c, etc.) and achieved. For example, in wireless network 100, RS 120a may receive data from BS 110 and transmit this data to another relay station (eg, RS 120b). Alternatively, RS 120a may receive data from another relay station (e.g., RS 120b) and transmit it to BS 110. In another example, RS 120c can receive data from RS 120b and transmit the data to a subscriber station (eg, SS 130a). Alternatively, RS 120c may receive data from a subscriber station (e.g., SS 130a) and transmit it to a dominant relay station (e.g., RS 120b). These are examples of multi-node transfers. In the single-node transmission of the wireless network 100, the communication between the originating node (such as the BS 110) and the target node (such as the SS 130d) can be directly achieved. For example, BS 110 may transmit data directly to SS 130d, and SS 130d may transmit data directly to BS 110.

The wireless system 100 of FIG. 1 may implement a medium access control (MAC) frame format using the IEEE 802.16 standard for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA). In the wireless system 100, the transmission time can be divided into multiple variable-length subframes: uplink (UL) subframes and downlink (DL) subframes. Generally speaking, the UL subframe may include a plurality of ranging channels, a channel quality information channel (CQICH) and a plurality of UL data bursts containing data.

A DL subframe may include: a preamble, a frame control header (FCH), a DL map (DL-MAP), a UL map (UL-MAP), and a DL data burst region. A preamble can be used to provide synchronization. For example, this preamble can be used to adjust timing offset, frequency offset and power. The FCH may contain frame control information for each connection, including for example frame control information for SS 130.

The DL diagram and UL diagram can be used to locate channel access for uplink and downlink communication. That is, the DL map can provide a list of access slot locations in the current DL subframe, and the UL map can provide a list of access slot locations in the current UL subframe. In this DL diagram, such a directory may be in the form of one or more DL diagram information elements (MAP Information Element, MAP IE). Each MAP IE in this DL diagram may contain several parameters for a single connection (ie, a connection with a single SS 130). These parameters can be used to confirm the position of the data burst, the length of the data burst, the identity of the recipient of the data burst, and the transmission parameters in the current subframe.

For example, each MAP IE may include: a connection ID (Connection ID, CID), which identifies the identity of the target device (e.g., SS 130a, SS 130b, SS 130c, SS 130d, etc.) of the data burst; Use the code (Downlink Interval Usage Code, DIUC), which represents the downlink interval usage code, downlink transmission is defined by it; OFDMA symbol offset, which indicates the offset of the OFDMA symbol at the beginning of the data burst; subchannel offset , which indicates the lowest index OFDMA subchannel used to transmit this burst. Other parameters may also be included in this MAP IE, for example, boosting parameters, OFDMA symbol representation parameters, sub-channel representation parameters, etc. Known MAC headers (eg FCH) and MAP IEs may be referred to as connection switching control data.

Both DL and UL charts can convert control data along with this connection. Link switch control data may contain one or more data bursts. Each data burst in the connection switching control data can be modulated and encoded according to the control type of the corresponding connection switching control data. Generally speaking, the DL picture and the UL picture may be referred to as a packet data unit (PDU) or simply as packet data.

The transmission control mechanism used by the wireless network 100 in FIG. 1 is, for example, Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ). By using ARQ, the devices of the wireless system (for example, BS 110, RS 120a, 120b and 120c, and SS 130a, 130b, 130c and 130d, etc.) , which retransmits the packet data. The ARQ transmission control mechanism can use a combination of ACK, NACK and timeout to communicate the data transmission status. The ARQ protocol may include: stop and wait (Stop-And-Wait (SAW)), go back to N (Go-Back-N) and selective repetition.

In a wireless system using the ARQ transmission control mechanism, when a receiving device receives (new or retransmitted) packet data, the receiving device can generate and transmit ACK or NACK to the transmitting device. An ACK may be an acknowledgment indication signal, which may be included in or appended to a message, and may be sent by a receiver to a sender to indicate that the receiver has correctly received the transmitted data. NACK is a negative acknowledgment indication signal, which is included in or appended to a message, and can be sent by a receiver to a sender to indicate that the received transmission has one or more errors.

FIG. 2 is a signaling diagram 200 of the operation of an end-to-end ARQ transmission control mechanism. As shown in FIG. 2 , in the distributed resource allocation system, each node in the transmission path will allocate resources to the next node in the relay path. For example, in a distributed resource allocation system, BS 110 may deploy resources for RS 120a, which are indicated by arrows between BS 110 and RS 120a. Likewise, RS 120a can deploy resources for RS 120b, which are indicated by the arrows between RS 120a and RS 120b. In the centralized resource allocation system, BS 110 can transmit control information to all nodes in the transmission path, such as RS 120a, RS 120b, RS 120c and SS 130a, to complete resource allocation. In either case, after resource allocation has been completed, BS 110 may transfer data to the target node (SS 130a) via intermediate nodes RS 120a, RS 120b, and RS 120c. Additionally, BS 110 may store a copy of the sent data in a buffer. In the example of FIG. 2, the data may contain eight (8) packets of data.

RS 120a can successfully receive the 8 packets of data, store a copy of the data in its buffer, and send this data to RS 120b. However, between RS 120a and RS 120b, 2 packets of data may be lost due to damage, interference, error, etc., so RS 120b may only receive 6 packets of data. RS 120b can transmit these 6 packets of data to RS 120c and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. Likewise, RS 120c may receive the 6 packets of data, transmit the 6 packets of data to SS 130a, and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. However, another 3 packets of data may be lost between RS 120c and SS 130a, resulting in only 3 packets of data being successfully received by SS 130a. When receiving these three packets of data, SS 130a can transmit an ACK indication signal to BS 110 along the uplink transmission path via RS 120c, RS 120b and RS 120c. The ACK indication signal can inform that the 3 packets of data have been successfully received. When BS 110 receives the ACK indication signal, BS 110 can clear the identified 3 packet data from the buffer.

Once BS 110 has cleared the buffer, BS 110 may prepare 3 new packets of data for transmission to SS 130a. In some cases, BS 110 can communicate with RSs 120a, 120b, and 120c to determine how to position the retransmission of data so that each RS 120 can receive its most direct node in the uplink direction (i.e., The correct data of the upper node). When BS 110 has decided how to locate retransmissions, BS 110 can then redeploy these resources along the transmission path using centralized resource allocation. Alternatively, a distributed resource allocation is performed, and each node in the transmission path can redeploy resources to the next node along the transmission path (uplink or downlink). In either case, once the resources have been redeployed, BS 110 may transmit the 3 new packets of data to SS 130a via RS 120a. RS 120a may then add the 2 packets of data lost between RS 120a and RS 120b to this data for retransmission to RS 120b (ie, Data(2+3')). RS 120b can receive Data (2+3'), transmit Data (2+3') to RS 120c, and store new Data (ie, Data (3')) in its buffer. Similarly, RS 120c can receive Data(2+3') and add the 3 packets lost between RS 120c and SS 130a to Data(2+3') to generate Data(5+3') . RS 120c can transmit Data(5+3') to SS 130a, and store a copy of the new data (ie, Data(3')) in its buffer. SS 130a can receive new data and retransmitted data (ie, Data(5+3')), and transmit an ACK indication signal to BS 110 via RS 120a, RS 120b, and RS 120c. The transmitted ACK indication signal is to inform that 8 packets of data have been received (that is, ACK(5+3')), wherein 3 packets are new data and 5 packets are retransmitted data. Upon receipt of the ACK indication, BS 110 may clear its buffers.

FIG. 3A is a signaling diagram 300a of the operation of an ARQ transmission control mechanism, which may be implemented in a system employing two-stage or node-by-node ARQ. In the system using the two-stage ARQ transmission control mechanism, the access node (such as the intermediate node RS 120a, RS 120b and RS 120c) returns an ACK indication signal to the transmitting node (such as the BS 110) to indicate the current transmission status and the Whether the transmission was successfully received by the access node. An access node is an intermediate node (eg, RS 120a, RS 120b, RS 120c, etc.) that can communicate directly to a target node (eg, SS 130a, SS 130b, SS 130c, SS 130d, etc.). For example, the access node corresponding to SS 130a may be RS 120c.

Similar to FIG. 2, FIG. 3A shows that BS 110 can transmit control information to all nodes of the transmission path to perform resource allocation in a centralized resource allocation system. For example, with respect to the transmission path from BS 110 to SS 130a, BS 110 may perform resource allocation for RS 120a, RS 120b, RS 120c, and SS 130a. In another case, in the distributed resource allocation system, each node in the transmission path can deploy resources to the next node along the transmission path (uplink or downlink). For example, regarding the transmission path from BS 110 to SS 130a, BS 110 can perform resource allocation from BS 110 to RS 120a, RS 120a can perform resource allocation from RS 120a to RS 120b, and RS 120b can perform resource allocation from RS 120b resource allocation to RS 120c, and RS 120c can perform resource allocation from RS 120c to SS 130a. In either case, once resource allocation has been completed, BS 110 may pass data to the target node (SS 130a) via intermediate nodes RS 120a, RS 120b, and RS 120c. Additionally, BS 110 may store a copy of the sent data in a buffer. In the example of FIG. 3A, the data may contain eight (8) packets of data.

RS 120a can successfully receive the 8 packets of data, store a copy of the received data in its buffer, and transmit the data to RS 120b. However, between RS 120a and RS 120b, 2 packets of data may be lost due to damage, interference errors, etc., so RS 120b may only receive 6 packets of data. RS 120b can transmit these 6 packets of data to RS 120c and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. In addition, RS 120b may send an ACK indication signal to BS 110 to confirm receipt of the 6 packets of data.

RS 120c can receive these 6 packets of data, transmit the received data of these 6 packets to SS 130a, and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. RS 120c may send a pre-ACK (pre-ACK) indication signal to BS 110 to confirm receipt of the 6 packets of data. However, another 3 packets of data may be lost during transmission between RS 120c and SS 130a, resulting in only 3 packets of data being successfully received by SS 130a. When receiving the three packets of data, the SS 130a can transmit an ACK indication signal to the BS 110 along the uplink transmission path via the RS 120c, the RS 120b and the RS 120c. The ACK indication signal can be used to inform that the 3 packets of data have been successfully received. When BS 110 receives the ACK indication signal, BS 110 may clear the identified 3 packets of data from its buffer.

Once BS 110 has cleared its buffers, BS 110 may prepare 3 new packets of data for transmission to SS 130a. In some cases, BS 110 may communicate with RSs 120a, 120b, and 120c to determine the location of data retransmissions so that each RS 120 may receive its most direct node along the uplink direction (ie, That is, the correct data of the upper node). When BS 110 has decided how to locate retransmissions, in a centralized resource allocation system, BS 110 can then redeploy these resources along the transmission path. Alternatively, in a distributed resource allocation system, each node in the transmission path can redeploy resources to the next node along the transmission path (uplink or downlink). In either case, once resources have been redeployed, BS 110 may transmit the 3 new packets of data to SS 130a via RS 120a. Then, RS 120a can add the 2 packets of data lost between RS 120a and RS 120b to new data for transmission to RS 120b (ie, Data(2+3')). RS 120b can receive Data(2+3'), transmit Data(2+3') to RS120c, and store new Data (ie, Data(3')) in its buffer. Similarly, RS 120c can receive Data(2+3'), and add the 3 packet data lost between RS 120c and SS 130a to Data(2+3') to generate Data(5+3') . RS 120c can transmit Data(5+3') to SS 130a and store a copy of the new data (ie, Data(3')) in its buffer. SS 130a may receive new data and retransmitted data (ie, Data (5+3')), and transmit an ACK indicator to BS 110 via RS 120a, 120b, and 120c. The outgoing ACK indication signals that 8 packets of data have been received (ie, ACK(5+3')), of which 3 packets are new data and 5 packets are retransmitted data. When receiving the ACK indication signal, the BS 110 can clear the buffers storing the new data and the old data.

FIG. 3B shows a signaling diagram 300b of the operation of the ARQ transmission control mechanism, which uses pre-ACK (pre-ACK) or node-by-node (pre-hop) ACK communication similar to FIG. 3A. Similar to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3B shows that BS 110 can transmit control information to all nodes in the transmission path, such as RS 120a, RS 120b, RS 120c and SS 130a, to complete resource allocation in a centralized resource allocation system. In this case, in the distributed resource allocation system, each node in the transmission path can deploy resources to the next node along the transmission path (uplink or downlink). In either case, once resource allocation has been completed, BS 110 may pass data to the target node (SS 130a) via intermediate nodes RS 120a, RS 120b, and RS 120c. Additionally, BS 110 may store a copy of the sent data in its buffer. In the example of FIG. 3B, the data may include eight (8) packets of data.

RS 120a can successfully receive the 8 packets of data, store a copy of the data in its buffer, and send this data to RS 120b. In addition, RS 120a may transmit a pre-ACK indication signal to BS 110 to acknowledge receipt of the 8 packets of data. However, between RS 120a and RS 120b, 2 packets of data may be lost due to damage, interference, error, etc., so RS 120b may only receive 6 packets of data. RS 120b can transmit these 6 packets of data to RS 120c and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. In addition, RS 120b may transmit a pre-ACK indication signal to BS 110 to acknowledge receipt of 6 packets of data.

RS 120c can receive the 6 packets of data, transmit the 6 packets of data to SS 130a, and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. RS 120c may send a pre-ACK indication signal to BS 110 to acknowledge receipt of the 6 packets of data. However, another 3 packets of data may be lost during transmission between RS 120c and SS 130a, resulting in only 3 packets of data being successfully received by SS 130a. When receiving the three packets of data, the SS 130a can transmit an ACK indication signal to the BS 110 along the uplink transmission path via the RS 120c, the RS 120b and the RS 120c. The ACK indication signal can be used to inform that the 3 packets of data have been successfully received.

However, compared to FIG. 3A below, FIG. 3B illustrates the following situation: BS 110 prepares 8 new packets of data for transmission to SS 130a. Therefore, RS 120a receives 8 new packets of data and adds to the 2 packets of data lost between RS 120a and RS 120b. Upon receipt of data (ie, Data(2+8')), RS 120b may experience congestion and/or buffer overflow. RS 120b may attempt to forward the received Data (2+8') to RS 120c, and RS 120c may also experience congestion and/or buffer overflow. When RS 120c adds these 3 packet data (that is, Data (5+8')) that were lost between RS 120c and SS 130a before, and transmits Data (5+8') to SS 130a, may encounter to similar results. That is, SS 130a will also experience congestion and/or buffer overflow.

Because of the increased number of segments in the transmission path, error detection and correction is more important in multi-node wireless networks than in single-node wireless networks. In addition, intra-unit handover (such as between RS 120c and RS 120b) and inter-unit handover (such as between RS 120c and RS 120 located outside the coverage area of BS 110) may also increase the error detection of the wireless network. The effect of measurement and correction. For example, referring to FIG. 1, if SS 130c moves from RS 120c to RS 120b, packet data that has not been transmitted to SS 130c by RS 120c prior to the handshake may be lost, requiring retransmission of the packet data. As another example, if SS 130c moves from RS 120c to another RS 120 (not shown in FIG. 1 ) outside the coverage area of BS 110, packet data that has not been transmitted by RS 120c to SS 130c before the handshake may also be lost, Instead, retransmission of the packet data is required. Therefore, in multi-node transmission, traditional error detection and correction may lead to significant cost increase, long delay and waste of resources.

The disclosed implementation examples are intended to overcome the above-mentioned problems.

Contents of the invention

In an exemplary implementation, the present invention relates to a method of transmission control in a wireless communication system, comprising: determining a transmission resource for at least a section of a transmission path between a transmitting device and a receiving device configuration, wherein the transmission path comprises one or more intermediate devices; by the transmitting device, data is transmitted to the receiving device; by the transmitting device, one or more supplementary reception indication signals are received from the one or more intermediate devices , wherein the one or more supplementary reception indication signals are related to the data sent to the receiving device; determining the at least one section of the transmission path between the transmitting device, the one or more intermediate devices and the receiving device and based on at least one of the one or more supplementary reception indication signals, initiating retransmission of the data.

In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention relates to a wireless communication device for wireless communication, which includes at least one memory and at least one processor. At least one memory is used for storing data and instructions. At least one processor is designed to access the memory, and when executing the instructions, to: determine a transmission resource allocation for at least a section of a transmission path between a wireless communication device and a receiving device, Wherein the transmission path includes one or more intermediate devices; transmit data to the receiving device; and receive one or more supplementary reception indication signals from the one or more intermediate devices by the transmitting device, wherein the one or more supplementary receiving an indication signal related to the data sent to the receiving device; determining a retransmission resource allocation of the at least one segment of the transmission path between the wireless communication device, the one or more intermediate devices, and the receiving device; and based on At least one of the one or more supplemental receipt indication signals initiates retransmission of the data.

In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of transmission control in a wireless communication system, comprising: receiving transmission data by an intermediate device for transmission to a receiving device; forwarding the transmission data to the the next next intermediate device or the receiving device in a transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device; starting a timer, wherein the timer is based on a round-trip transmission between the intermediate device and the receiving device time; and generating a supplementary reception indication signal. If the intermediary device receives at least one of a reception indication signal and one or more subordinate supplemental reception indication signals before the timer expires, then: including generating the supplemental reception indication signal having the reception indication signal and The at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals, and the reception indication signal and the at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals, and the generated supplementary reception indication signal contained therein, is transmitted to the next upper intermediate device in the transmission path between the intermediate device and a transmission device or to the transmission device. If the intermediate device does not receive at least one of a reception indication signal or one or more subordinate supplemental reception indication signals before the timer expires, then: transmit the generated supplemental reception indication signal to the next superior The intermediate device or the transfer device.

In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention relates to a wireless communication device for wireless communication, which includes at least one memory and at least one processor. At least one memory is used for storing data and instructions. At least one processor is designed to access the memory and, when executing the instructions, to: receive transmission data from the wireless communication device for transmission to a receiving device; the next next intermediate device or the receiving device in a transmission path between the communication device and the receiving device; starting a timer, wherein the timer is based on a round-trip transmission between the wireless communication device and the receiving device Time is set; generate a supplementary reception indication signal. If the wireless communication device receives at least one of a reception indication signal and one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals before the timer expires, then: including the generated supplemental reception indication signal having the reception indication signal and the at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals, and the reception indication signal and the at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals, and the supplementary reception indication signal generated by including , to be transmitted to the next upper intermediate device in the transmission path between the wireless communication device and a transmission device or to the transmission device. If the wireless communication device does not receive at least one of a reception indication signal or one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals before the timer expires, then: transmitting the generated supplemental reception indication signal to the next The upper intermediate device or the transfer device.

In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of operating a wireless communication device in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: setting a device state to a first state, wherein the first state is an initial state; when a first trigger event occurs, the device state is changed from the first state to a second state, wherein the second state is defined as a state in which data has been transmitted and a relay The timer (Relay timer) has not yet expired; when the relay timer expires, the device state is changed from the second state to a third state and the retransmission of the data is started; when the relay timer has not expired and when the wireless communication device receives one of an intermediate node negative acknowledgment signal, an end node negative acknowledgment signal, or a timeout signal, change the device state from the second state to the third state; and when When the wireless communication device receives an end node acknowledgment indication signal and the relay timer has not expired, the device state is changed from the second state to a fourth state.

In another exemplary embodiment, the present invention relates to a wireless communication device for wireless communication, and the wireless communication device includes at least one memory and at least one processor. At least one memory is used for storing data and instructions. At least one processor is configured to access memory and, when executing the instructions, to: set a device state to a first state, wherein the first state is an initial state; When a trigger event, change the state of the device from the first state to a second state, wherein the second state is defined as a state in which data has been transmitted and a relay timer has not yet expired; when the relay When the timer expires, change the state of the device from the second state to a third state and start retransmission of the data; when the relay timer has not expired and the wireless communication device receives an intermediate node negative confirmation indication signal , an end node negative acknowledgment indication signal or a timeout signal, changing the state of the device from the second state to the third state; and when the wireless communication device receives an end node acknowledgment indication signal and the middle changing the state of the device from the second state to a fourth state when the timer has not yet expired.

Description of drawings

In order to make the above content of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, a number of exemplary implementation examples are given below, together with the accompanying drawings, and are described in detail as follows, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of wireless communication system;

Fig. 2 is a transmission diagram for a known wireless communication system using ACK information between terminals;

3A is a transmission diagram of a conventional wireless communication system using pre-ACK or node-by-node ACK information transmission;

FIG. 3B is a transmission diagram of a conventional wireless communication system using pre-ACK or node-by-node ACK information transmission;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system according to an implementation example of the present invention;

5A is a block diagram of a radio network controller (RNC) according to an implementation example of the present invention;

FIG. 5B is a block diagram of a base station (BS) according to an implementation example of the present invention;

FIG. 5C is a block diagram of a relay station (RS) according to an implementation example of the present invention;

FIG. 5D is a block diagram of a subscriber station (SS) according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of packet data processing according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of error detection and correction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of error detection and correction according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a signaling diagram according to an implementation example of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a signaling diagram according to an implementation example of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a signaling diagram according to an implementation example of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a transmission diagram of an ACK indication signal with a RACK indication signal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a RACK indication signal type according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 14 is a state diagram of a state machine according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention.

Detailed ways

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system 400 . The wireless communication system 400 in FIG. 4 may be based on standards of the IEEE802.16 family, for example. As shown in FIG. 4, the wireless communication system 400 may include one or more radio network controllers (RNC, radio network controller) 420 (such as RNC 420), one or more base stations (BS) 430 (such as BS 430), One or more relay stations (RS) 440 (eg, RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c), and one or more subscriber stations (SS) 450 (eg, SS 450a, SS 450b, SS 450c, and SS 450d).

RNC 420 may be any type of known communication device capable of operating in wireless communication system 400. The RNC 420 may be responsible for resource management, action management, encryption, etc. in the wireless communication system 400. Additionally, RNC 420 may be responsible for the control of one or more BSs 430.

FIG. 5A is a block diagram of an RNC 420 according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5A, each RNC 420 may include one or more of the following elements: a central processing unit (CPU) 421, which is used to execute several computer program instructions to complete various processes and methods; random access Memory (RAM) 422 and read-only memory (ROM) 423, which are used to access information and computer program instructions; memory 424, which is used to store data and information; multiple databases 425, which are used to store tables and schedules (list) or other data structures; multiple I/O devices 426; multiple interfaces 427; multiple antennas 428, etc. These elements are well known to those skilled in the art, and details thereof are omitted here.

The BS 430 can be any type of known communication device, which is used for data transceiving and communication between the RS 440 and/or the SS 450 in the wireless communication system 400. In some embodiments, the BS 430 may also be called a Node-B (Node-B), a base transceiver system (base transceiver system, BTS), an access point (access point), etc. Communication between BS 430 and RNC 420 may be wired and/or wireless. Communication between BS 430 and RS 440 may be wireless. Likewise, communication between BS 430 and SS 450 may be wireless. In one embodiment, a BS 430 may communicate wirelessly with more than one RS 440 and/or more than one SS 450 within its broadcast/receive range. Broadcast range may vary due to power, location, and interference (physical, electrical characteristics, etc.).

FIG. 5B is a block diagram of a BS 430 according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5B, each BS 430 may include one or more of the following elements: at least one central processing unit (CPU) 431, which is used to execute several computer program instructions to complete various processes and methods; Access memory (RAM) 432 and read-only memory (ROM) 433, which are used to access information and computer program instructions; memory 434, which is used to store data and information; multiple databases 435, which are used to store tables, schedules or Other data structures; multiple I/O devices 436; multiple interfaces 437: multiple antennas 438, etc. These elements are well known to those skilled in the art, and details thereof are omitted here.

The RS 440 may be any type of known computing device for wirelessly transmitting and receiving data with the BS 430, one or more other RS 440 and/or one or more SS 450 in the wireless communication system 400. Communications between RS 440 and BS 430, one or more other RS 440, and one or more SS 450 may be wireless. In an example implementation, RS 440 may communicate wirelessly with BS 430, one or more RS 440, and/or one or more SS 450 within its broadcast/receive range. Broadcast range may vary due to power, location, and interference (physical, electrical characteristics, etc.).

FIG. 5C is a block diagram of the RS 440 according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5C, each RS 440 may comprise one or more of the following elements: at least one central processing unit (CPU) 441, which is used to execute several computer program instructions to complete various processing and methods; Access memory (RAM) 442 and read-only memory (ROM) 443, which are used to access information and computer program instructions; memory 444, which is used to store data and information; multiple databases 445, which are used to store tables, schedules or Other data structures; multiple I/O devices 446; multiple interfaces 447; multiple antennas 448, etc. These elements are well known to those skilled in the art, and details thereof are omitted here.

The SS 450 can be any type of computing device that performs wireless data transmission and/or reception with the BS 430 and/or one or more RS 440 in the wireless communication system 400. SS 450 may include, for example, servers, clients, desktop computers, laptop computers, network computers, workstations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), tablet computers, scanners, telephone devices, pagers, cameras, music devices, and the like. Additionally, SS 450 may include one or more wireless sensors in a wireless sensor network for communicating using centralized and/or distributed communications. In one embodiment, SS 450 may be a mobile computing device. In another embodiment, SS 450 may be a stationary computing device operating in a mobile environment (eg, bus, train, airplane, boat, automobile, etc.).

FIG. 5D is a block diagram of an SS 450 according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5D, each SS 450 may include one or more of the following elements: at least one central processing unit (CPU) 451, which is used to execute several computer program instructions to complete various processes and methods; Access memory (RAM) 452 and read-only memory (ROM) 453 are used to access and store information and computer program instructions; memory 454 is used to store data and information; multiple databases 455 are used to store tables and details tables or other data structures; multiple I/O devices 456; multiple interfaces 457; multiple antennas 458, etc. These components are well known to those skilled in the art, and details thereof are omitted here.

Additionally, each node in wireless communication system 400 (e.g., BS 430, RS 440a, 440b, and 440c, and SS 450a, 450b, 450c, and 450d) may include one or more timers, referred to herein as "in Continue Retransmit Timer". In one embodiment, the relay retransmission timer may reflect data life time. A relay retransmission timer may comprise any combination of hardware and/or software. In addition, the relay retransmission timer can be set by its internal mechanism to be related to the data transmission. That is, each relay retransmission timer may be set according to a predetermined round-trip time to a particular destination node (eg, SS 450a, SS 450b, SS 450c, SS 450d, etc.).

For example, the time set by the relay retransmission timer of RS 440a will include the total transmission time of the round-trip transmission paths of RS 440a, RS 440b, RS 440c and SS 450a. Similarly, the time set by the relay retransmission timer of RS440b will include the total transmission time of the round-trip transmission path of RS 440b, RS 440c and SS 450a, while the time set by the relay retransmission timer of RS 440c The total transmission time for the round-trip transmission path between RS 440c and SS 450a will be included. In addition to the round-trip transmission time, the total transmission time may also include one or more timing offsets, such as data processing, transition gap between the transmitting node and the receiving node (eg Tx/Rx), additional partial retransmission time, etc. In one embodiment, the total transmission time Ttotal may be defined by the following equation:

T _total = T _{Round_Trip} + Δt, (1)

in:

T _{Round_Trip} is the round-trip transmission time between the transmitting node and the target node; and

Δt includes timing offset.

In one embodiment, the associated value of each relay retransmission timer can be determined during connection setup, and thus the value of the relay retransmission timer can be set. In other embodiments, the associated value of each relay retransmission timer may be determined during network entry when one or more transmission conditions are determined, and/or when one or more transmission conditions are changed . For example, when the RS 440c logs into the network (such as the wireless communication system 400), the relevant value of the relay retransmission timer of the RS 440c (such as T _{Round_Trip} , etc.) can be determined, and the relay retransmission timer can be set The total value of the timer (eg, T _total, etc.).

In the systems and methods disclosed herein, three ARQ modes are possible. The first ARQ mode is called an inter-port mode. That is, the ARQ transmission control mechanism operates from one end of a certain transmission path (eg, BS 430 or SS 450) to the other end of the same transmission path (eg, SS 450 or BS 430). The second ARQ mode is called a two-segment ARQ mode. The two-stage ARQ mode operates between the "relay link" and the "access link". The relay link is the link between the BS 430 and the relay station RS 440 (that is, the RS 440 provides services to the SS 450 in the transmission path) , and the access link is the link between the relay station RS 440 and (served by it) SS 450. The third ARQ mode is called node-wise ARQ. The node-by-node ARQ transmission control mechanism operates on two adjacent nodes in the same transmission path. For example, referring to FIG. 4, node-wise ARQ operates: between BS 430 and RS 440a, between RS 440a and RS 440b, between RS 440b and RS 440c, and between RS 440c and SS 450a.

In some embodiments, two-segment ARQ modes may be suitable for tunnel and non-tunnel forwarding. Node-by-node ARQ mode may be suitable in non-tunneled transmissions, and it is suitable when RS 440 uses allocated resource configuration. ARQ mode configuration setting of RS 440 can be performed during RS 440 network login.

FIG. 6 discloses a flow chart 600 of data processing in a wireless communication system (such as the wireless communication system 400 ) according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 6 shows the processing of the RS 440 receiving packet data from the superordinate RS 440, or the processing of receiving the packet data from the BS 430 and sending it to the subordinate RS 440 or SS 450. Here, "subordinate" and "superior" are used to describe the relative position of one node to another node. The lower node is a node located in the downlink flow between the node to be discussed and the receiving node SS 450. The upper node is a node located in the uplink flow between the node to be discussed and BS 430.

As shown in Figure 6, RS 440 may receive packet data from BS 430 or upper RS 440 (step 605). Using control information, RS 440 may determine whether the received packet data will be forwarded to the lower RS 440 or SS 450 (step 610), wherein the control information includes packet data header information and/or map information elements in the received packet data (information element, IE). If this packet data is not to be forwarded to the lower RS 440 or SS 450 (step 610, no), RS 440 may process and discard the packet data so marked (step 620). In one embodiment, the packet data may be included in the received data packet. Alternatively, the packet data may be previously sent data or a subsequent data packet.

However, if this packet data is to be forwarded to the lower RS 440 or SS 450 (step 610, yes), then the RS 440 may determine whether the received data contains one or more retransmitted data packets (step 615). A retransmitted data packet means a data packet that was previously transmitted to the RS 440 but needs to be retransmitted due to a transmission failure or error. The retransmitted packet data may be included in a data packet with new data, or may be sent in a data packet containing only the retransmitted data. In one embodiment, the retransmitted packet data may be a data indicator or an identifier previously received by the RS 440 and stored in a buffer of the RS 440. RS 440 may use the resource configuration information previously sent by the control station (such as BS 430 or upper RS 440) to determine whether the packet data is transmission packet data or retransmission

Send packet data. If there is a data packet in this packet data which is retransmission data, RS 440 will determine that the received data contains retransmission packet data.

If RS 440 decides that the received data contains one or more retransmitted data packets (step 615, yes), then RS 440 may retransmit this packet data together with the new data packets in the received data to the lower RS 440 or SS 450 (step 625). In an embodiment, the RS 440 may retrieve the packet data to be retransmitted from its buffer and retransmit the packet data using the data retransmission configured resources. If this packet data is for retransmission data, then RS440 may only receive control data from upper BS 430 or RS 440. That is, the received data may only include traffic and/or application data without user data. If the packet data does not include retransmission data (step 615, No), RS 440 may transmit the received packet data containing control information and/or user data to the lower RS 440 or SS 450 (step 630).

Although not shown in Figure 6, if RS 440 is provided with a relay retransmission timer, when transmitting (step 630) and/or retransmitting (step 625), the relay retransmission timer set by RS 440 The value reflects the total round-trip transmission time Ttotal between the RS 440 and the destination node for this data.

FIG. 7 discloses a data processing flowchart 700 of a wireless communication system (such as the wireless communication system 400 ) according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 7 shows that RS 440 has received ACK (acknowledgment), NACK (negative acknowledgment) and/or RACK (relay acknowledgment) indication signals from lower RS 440 or SS 450 for transmission to upper RS 440 or BS 430 .

As shown in Figure 7, RS 440 may receive an indication signal from a lower RS 440 or SS 450 (step 705). If the indication signal is sent from the lower RS 440, the indication signal may include an ACK or NACK indication signal and one or more RACK indication signals. Alternatively, the indication signal may only contain an ACK or NACK indication signal. In another case, the indication may only contain one or more RACK indications. Here, the packet data identified by the RACK indication signal is the packet data that the RS 440 has successfully received from the upper BS 430 or RS 440 and transmitted to the lower RS 440 or SS 450 . For example, if BS 430 transmits 8 packets of data (such as data packets 1-8), but RS 440 only receives 6 data packets (such as data packets 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8), the RACK indication signal May be used to confirm which of the 8 data packets was successfully received (e.g. data packets 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8) and/or which of the 8 data packets was not successfully received (e.g. data packet 2 with 7). The identification signal of whether the RS 440 has successfully received the packet data may be done directly and/or indirectly. That is, the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signals may directly confirm the received packet data by confirming the received packet data and/or the unreceived packet data; One of the data to provide information for indirect confirmation.

After receiving the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indicators, RS 440 may compare the information contained in the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indicators with the buffer status information (step 710).

In one embodiment, RS 440 may compare ACK, NACK and/or RACK indicator information with buffer information to confirm packet data received by the target node. Based on this comparison, RS 440 may decide whether a RACK indicator is needed (step 715). If the RACK indication signal is not needed (step 715, No), the RS 440 may transmit the received ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signal to the upper RS 440 or the BS 430.

However, if a RACK indicator is required (step 715, YES), RS 440 may modify the received indicator to include a RACK indicator (step 720). For example, RS 440 includes a RACK indicator with a received indicator. Then, the RS 440 may transmit the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signal and the included RACK indication signal to the upper RS 440 or the BS 430 (step 725). Alternatively, the RS 440 may modify the header information to identify packet data that the RS 440 successfully received by the upper BS 430 or RS 440 and transmitted to the lower RS 440 or SS 450.

FIG. 8 discloses a flow chart 800 of data processing in a wireless communication system (such as the wireless communication system 400 ) according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 8 shows that when the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signals are not received by the RS 440 before the relevant relay retransmission timer expires, the RS 440 generates a RACK indication signal.

As shown in Figure 8, if this relay retransmission timer expires before RS 440 receives ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signal (step 805), then RS 440 may automatically generate RACK indication signal, and the generated The RACK indication signal is sent to the upper RS 440 or BS 430 (step 810). When the RS 440 automatically generates the RACK indication signal, but it does not receive the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signal from the lower RS 440 or SS 450, the generated indication signal cannot contain the ACK or NACK indication signal. Instead, the resulting indication will only contain RS 440 RACK information.

FIG. 9 shows a signaling diagram 900 of a transmission control mechanism according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. Specifically, what is disclosed in the embodiment of FIG. 9 is that the RACK indication signal includes an ACK or NACK indication signal. In the embodiment of FIG. 9 , the relay retransmission timer does not expire before receiving ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signals from nodes of the downlink transmission path. In systems employing the signaling mechanism of FIG. 9, resource allocation may be distributed or centralized.

As shown in FIG. 9, BS 430 may transmit control information to all nodes (such as RS 440a, RS 440b, RS 440c, and SS 450a) in a predetermined transmission path to perform resource allocation (that is, centralized resource allocation) . After resource allocation has been completed, BS 430 may transmit the packet data to a target node (eg, SS 450a) via one or more intermediate nodes (eg, RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c). Additionally, BS 430 may store a copy of the sent packet data in a buffer. In the example of FIG. 9, the packet data may include 8 data packets (ie, Data(8)).

RS 440a may successfully receive the 8 packets of data, store a copy of the packet data in its buffer, and transmit the packet data to RS 440b. In one embodiment, while transmitting the packet data to RS 440b, RS 440a may set a relay retransmission timer T1. As mentioned above, the set value of the relay retransmission timer of each RS 440 will reflect the total round-trip time between that RS 440 and the destination node (eg, SS 450a).

During transmission from RS 440a to RS 440b, 2 packets of data may be lost due to corruption, interference, errors, etc., so RS 440b may only receive 6 packets of data. RS 440b may transmit the 6 packets of data to RS 440c and store a copy of the transmitted packets of data in its buffer. In one embodiment, RS 440b may set its relay retransmission timer _T2 . Likewise, RS 440c may receive the 6 packets of data and transmit the 6 packets of data to SS 450a. In addition, RS 440c may store a copy of the transmitted packet data in its buffer and, if applicable, set its relay retransmission timer _T3 . However, another 3 packets of data may be lost between transmission from RS 440c to SS 450a, resulting in only 3 packets of data being successfully received by SS 450a.

Upon receiving the 3 packets of data, the SS 450a may send an ACK indication signal to the BS 430 along the uplink transmission path. As shown in FIG. 9, RS 440c may receive the ACK indication signal before the relay retransmission timer _T3 expires. Also, as described above with reference to FIG. 6, RS 440c may compare the information including the ACK indicator with the data previously stored in its buffer. Based on the comparison, the RS 440c may generate a RACK indicator including the RACK indicator with the ACK indicator, and forward the ACK and the RACK indicator to its superordinate node (RS 440b). RS 440b may receive the ACK and its RACK indicator before the relay retransmission timer _T2 expires, and compare the information contained in the received ACK and/or RACK indicator with the information previously stored in its buffer. data. Based on this comparison, RS 440b includes its own RACK indicator with ACK and RACK indicators to acknowledge the successful receipt of data packets by RS 440b. RS 440b may forward the ACK and two RACK indicators to RS 440a. Likewise, RS 440a may receive the ACK and the two RACK indicators before the relay retransmission timer _T1 expires, and compare the information contained in the ACK and RACK indicators with those previously stored in its buffer The data. Based on this comparison, RS 440a may include its own RACK indicator and forward the ACK to BS 430 along with the three RACK indicators.

When receiving the ACK and/or RACK indication signal, the BS 430 can decode the ACK and/or RACK indication signal to determine the transmission status of the packet data between each node of the transmission path. Based on this decoding, BS 430 may flush from its buffers packet data that SS 450a has successfully received. BS 430 may prepare new packet data for transmission to SS 450a and redeploy these resources along this transmission path. In the case of centralized resource allocation, BS 430 may communicate with RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c to determine and deploy the resources required for data retransmission so that each RS 440 can receive its Correct data of the most direct node (that is, upper node) in the chain direction. In the case of distributed resource allocation, each node (eg, BS 430 and RS 440) along the transmission path can determine and deploy the resources required for data retransmission. In the example of FIG. 9 (centralized resource allocation), BS 430 may deploy 0 resources for data retransmission (total-RACK=8-8) and 3' resources for along the first node or segment (also That is, new data transmission between BS 430 and RS 440a); 2 resources are deployed for data retransmission (total - RACK = 8-6) and 3' resources are deployed for retransmission at the second node or segment (also That is, a new data transmission between RS 440a and RS 440b); 2 resources are deployed for data retransmission (total-RACK=8-6) and 3' resources are deployed for data retransmission in the third node or segment (also That is, a new data transmission between RS 440b and RS 440c); and deploying 5 resources for retransmission (total-RACK=8-3) and deploying 3' resources for retransmission at the fourth node or segment (also That is, new data transmission in RS 440c and SS450a). Once these resources have been redeployed, BS 430 may transmit the 3' new data packets to RS 440a.

RS 440a may take the 2 data packets lost between RS 440a and RS 440b from its buffer, and add the 2 retransmitted data packets to the new data for transmission to RS 440b to produce Data(2+ 3'). RS 440b may receive Data (2+3'), transmit Data (2+3') to RS 440c, and store the new data Data (3') in its buffer. Likewise, RS 440c may receive Data(2+3'), fetch the 3 data packets lost between RS 440c and SS 450a from its buffer, and add the 3 retransmitted data packets to the received The received data, that is, Data(2+3'), is used to generate Data(5+3'). Then, RS 440c may transmit Data(5+3') to SS 450a and store a copy of the new data, Data(3') in its flush buffer. SS 450a may receive new data and retransmitted data (i.e., Data(5+3'), and transmit an ACK indicator to BS 430 via RS 440c, RS 440b, and RS 440a. The transmitted ACK indicator may Acknowledging that 8 packets of data (that is, ACK(5+3')) have been received, 3 packets of which are new data and 5 packets of retransmitted data. When receiving this ACK indication signal, BS 430 may clear buffers containing old and new data.

Although FIG. 9 shows SS 450a transmitting an ACK indicator, SS 450a may also transmit a NACK indicator. In either case, error detection and correction will proceed as described above. Also, although the signaling diagram 900 shows three RS 440 in a single transmission path, it is contemplated that the number of RS 440 in a transmission path may be greater or less than the number shown. Furthermore, although FIG. 9 shows that the relay retransmission timer is used during transmission of new data, it is also possible to use the relay retransmission timer during data retransmission.

FIG. 10 is a signaling diagram 1000 showing a transmission control mechanism according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. Specifically, in FIG. 10, when the lower node of the transmission path does not receive the ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signal, the relay retransmission timer of the RS 440 will expire.

In a system employing the signaling mechanism shown in FIG. 10, resource allocation may be performed using distributed or centralized resource allocation. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, BS 430 may transmit control information to all nodes (such as RS 440a, RS 440b, RS 440c, and SS 450a) in a predetermined transmission path to perform resource allocation (i.e., centralized type resource allocation). Although not shown, resource allocation can also be done by upper nodes in the transmission path (eg, distributed resource allocation).

After resource allocation has been completed, BS 430 may transmit the packet data to a target node (eg, SS 450a) via one or more intermediate nodes (eg, RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c). Additionally, BS 430 may store a copy of the sent packet data in a buffer. In the example of FIG. 10, the packet data may include 8 data packets (ie, Data(8)). RS 440a may successfully receive the 8 packets of data, store a copy of the packets in its buffer, and transmit the packets of data to RS 440b. While transmitting the packet data to RS 440b, in an embodiment, RS 440a may set a relay retransmission timer _T1 . As noted above, the relay retransmission timer settings for each RS 440 reflect the total round-trip time between the RS 440 (eg, RS 440a) and the destination node (eg, SS 450a).

During transmission from RS 440a to RS 440b, 2 packets of data may be lost due to corruption, interference, errors, etc., so RS 440b may only receive 6 packets of data. RS 440b may transmit the 6 packets of data to RS 440c and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. In one embodiment, RS 440b may set its relay retransmission timer _T2 . However, in the example of FIG. 10, the 6 packets of data may be lost between RS 440b and RS 440c. Therefore, RS 440c and SS 450a cannot receive data and will not perform any action. Therefore, RS 440c and SS 450a do not prepare ACK, NACK and/or RACK indicators, nor transmit ACK, NACK and/or RACK indicators to BS 430 along the uplink transmission path. Therefore, as described above and with reference to FIG. 8, when RS 440b does not receive ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signals from subordinate node RS 440c or SS 450a, the relay retransmission timer _T2 of RS 440b will expire Expect.

Once the relay retransmission timer _T2 expires, RS 440b may generate a RACK indication signal and send it to RS 440a along the uplink transmission path. The RACK indication signal generated by RS 440b will reflect that RS 440b has successfully received 6 packets of data from RS 440a. However, since RS 440b has not received ACK, NACK and/or RACK indicators, the RACK indicator generated by RS 440b will not include other indicators. RS 440a may receive the RACK indicator before the relay retransmission timer _T1 expires, and compare the information contained in the RACK indicator with the data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440a may include its own RACK indicators and forward both RACK indicators to BS 430 .

When receiving the RACK indication signal, the BS 430 may decode the RACK indication signal to determine the transmission status of the packet data between each node on the transmission path. In this example, BS 430 will determine that RS 440a has received 8 data packets and RS 440b has received 6 data packets. Additionally, BS 430 will be able to determine that RS 440c and SS 450a are not receiving data packets. Therefore, based on this decoding, the BS 430 will know not to flush any data from the buffer and not to transmit new data. Instead, the resources along the transmission path will be redeployed to retransmit the lost packet data. In some cases, BS 430 may redeploy resources along this transmission path by communicating with RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c to determine data retransmission, so that each RS 440 can receive from its uplink The most direct node in the direction receives the correct data (ie, centralized resource allocation). In other cases, each node along the transmission path will decide on the reconfiguration of resources between itself and the next node in the transmission path (ie, distributed resource allocation).

In the example of FIG. 10, BS 430 may deploy 0 resources for data retransmission along the first node or segment (i.e., between BS 430 and RS 440a) (Total-RACK=8-8), along Along the second node or segment (i.e., between RS 440a and RS 440b) deploy 2 resources for data retransmission (total - RACK = 8-6), along the third node or segment (i.e., at Between RS 440b and RS 440c) deploy 8 resources for data retransmission (Total-RACK=8-0), and deploy 8 along the fourth node or segment (i.e., between RS 440c and SS 450a) resources for data retransmission (total - RACK = 8 - 0). Once these resources have been redeployed, BS 430 may begin retransmission of packet data.

RS 440a may retrieve the 2 data packets lost between RS 440a and RS 440b from its buffer and retransmit the 2 data packets (ie, Data(2)) to RS 440b. RS 440b can receive Data(2) and add the 6 data packets lost between RS 440b and RS 440c. Then, RS 440b can transmit Data (8) to RS 440c. Likewise, RS 440c may receive Data(8), store a copy of the data packet in its buffer, and forward the 8 data packets to SS 450a.

SS 450a may receive the retransmitted data (ie, Data (8)), and transmit an ACK indication to BS 430 via RS 440c, RS 440b, and RS 440a. As shown in FIG. 10, RS 440c may receive the ACK indicator and compare the information contained in the ACK indicator with data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440c can generate a RACK indicator signal, the RACK indicator signal included in RS 440c has the ACK indicator signal, and forward the ACK and RACK indicator signal to its upper node (RS 440b). RS 440b may receive the ACK indicator and the included RACK indicator and compare the information contained in the ACK and/or RACK indicator with data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440b may include: (1) its own RACK indicator with the ACK and (2) a RACK indicator to acknowledge the data packet successfully received by RS 440b. RS 440b may forward the ACK and the two RACK indicators to RS 440a. Likewise, RS 440a may receive the ACK and the two RACK indicators and compare the information contained in the ACK and RACK indicators with data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440a may include its own RACK indicator and forward this ACK along with the three RACK indicators to BS 430.

When receiving the ACK and RACK indication signals, the BS 430 can decode the ACK and RACK indication signals to determine the transmission status of the packet data between each node on the transmission path. Based on this decoding, BS 430 may flush from its buffer the packet data successfully received by SS 450a and prepare new packet data for transmission to SS 450a. In systems using centralized resource allocation, BS 430 can redeploy these resources along this transmission path. Alternatively, in a system using distributed resource configuration, each upper node (eg, BS 430 or RS 440) in this transmission path can redeploy resources between itself and the next node along this transmission path.

Although FIG. 10 reveals that SS 450a transmits an ACK indicator, we expect that SS 450a may transmit a NACK indicator. In either case, error detection and correction will continue as described above. Also, although the signaling diagram 1000 shows three RS 440 in a single transmission path, it is contemplated that the number of RS 440 in a transmission path may be greater or less than the number shown. Furthermore, although FIG. 10 shows the use of the relay retransmission timer during new data transmission, it is also possible to use the relay retransmission timer during data retransmission.

FIG. 11 is a signaling diagram 1100 showing a transmission control mechanism according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. Specifically, in FIG. 11, the ACK and RACK indication signals are lost on the uplink transmission path (ie, the transmission path from SS 450a to BS 430). Therefore, in FIG. 11 , when RS 440 does not receive ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signals from the lower nodes of the transmission path, the relay retransmission timer of RS 440 will expire.

In a system employing the signaling mechanism shown in FIG. 11, resource allocation may be performed using distributed or centralized resource allocation. As shown in FIG. 11, BS 430 may transmit control information to all nodes in a predetermined transmission path (such as RS 440a, RS 440b, RS 440c, and SS 450a) to perform resource allocation (ie, centralized resource allocation) . Although not shown, resource allocation can also be done by upper nodes in the transmission path (eg, distributed resource allocation).

After resource allocation has been completed, BS 430 may transmit the packet data to a target node (eg, SS 450a) via one or more intermediate nodes (eg, RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c). Additionally, BS 430 may store a copy of the sent packet data in a buffer. In the example of FIG. 11, the packet data may include 8 data packets, ie, Data(8). RS 440a may successfully receive the 8 packets of data, store a copy of the packets in its buffer, and transmit the packets of data to RS 440b. While transmitting the packet data to RS 440b, in an exemplary implementation, RS 440a may set a relay retransmission timer _T1 . As noted above, the relay retransmission timer settings for each RS 440 reflect the total round-trip time between the RS 440 and the destination node (eg, SS 450a).

During transmission from RS 440a to RS 440b, 2 packets of data may be lost due to corruption, interference, errors, etc., so RS 440b may only receive 6 packets of data. RS 440b may transmit the 6 packets of data to RS 440c and store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer. In an example implementation, RS 440b may set its relay retransmission timer _T2 . Likewise, RS 440c may receive the 6 packets of data and transmit the 6 packets of data to SS 450a. In addition, RS 440c may store a copy of the transmitted data in its buffer and, if applicable, set its relay retransmission timer T3. However, another 4 packets of data may be lost between RS 440c and SS 450a, resulting in only 2 packets of data being successfully received by SS 450a.

When receiving the two packets of data, the SS 450a may send an ACK indication signal to the BS 430 along the uplink transmission path. As shown in Figure 11, RS 440c may receive this ACK indication signal before the relay retransmission timer T3 expires. Also, as mentioned above, referring again to FIG. 6, RS 440c may compare the information including the ACK indicator with the data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440c may generate a RACK indication signal, the RACK indication signal included in it has the ACK indication signal, and forward the ACK indication signal and the RACK indication signal to its upper node RS 440b.

However, in the example of FIG. 11 , RS 440b cannot receive the ACK indicator and the RACK indicator before the relay retransmission timer _T2 expires. Loss of ACK indicators and RACK indicators may occur due to corruption, errors, interference, and the like. Therefore, as described above and with reference to FIG. 8, when RS 440b cannot receive ACK, NACK and/or RACK indication signals from subordinate node RS 440c or SS 450a, the relay retransmission timer _T2 of RS 440b will expire Expect.

Once the relay retransmission timer _T2 expires, the RS 440b may generate a RACK indicator and send the RACK indicator to the RS 440a along the uplink transmission path. The RACK indication signal generated by RS 440b will reflect that RS 440b has successfully received 6 packets of data from RS 440a. However, because RS 440b does not receive ACK, NACK or RACK indicators, the RACK indicators generated by RS 440b will not contain other ACK, NACK or RACK indicators.

Likewise, RS 440a may receive the RACK indicator before the relay retransmission timer _T1 expires, and compare the information contained in the RACK indicator with the data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440a may include its own RACK indicators and forward the two RACK indicators to BS 430 .

When receiving the RACK indication signal, the BS 430 can decode the RACK indication signal to determine the transmission status of the packet data between each node of the transmission path. In this embodiment, BS 430 will be able to determine that RS 440a receives 8 data packets and RS 440b receives 6 data packets. However, while RS 440c and SS 450a receive the subset of data packets, BS 430 will not be able to determine whether RS 440c and SS 450a successfully received any data packets. Therefore, based on this decoding, the BS 430 will neither flush data from its buffer nor transmit new data. Instead, the resources along the transmission path may be redeployed to allow retransmission of lost packet data or retransmission of data that was not successfully received. In some cases, BS 430 may communicate with RS 440a, RS 440b, and RS 440c to determine data retransmission so that each RS 440 can receive its most direct node in the uplink direction (i.e., upper node), and the BS 430 may then redeploy these resources along this transmission path (ie, centralized resource configuration). In other cases, each upper node of the transmission path can redeploy resources between itself and the next node along the transmission path (ie, distributed resource allocation).

In the example of FIG. 11 , BS 430 may deploy 0 resources for data retransmission (Total - RACK = 8 - 8) along the first node or segment (i.e., between BS 430 and RS 440a), along Along the second node or segment (i.e., between RS 440a and RS 440b) deploy 2 resources for data retransmission (total - RACK = 8-6), along the third node or segment (i.e., at Between RS 440b and RS 440c) deploy 8 resources for data retransmission (Total-RACK=8-0), and deploy 8 along the fourth node or segment (i.e., between RS 440c and SS 450a) resources for retransmission (total - RACK = 8 - 0). Once these resources have been redeployed, then BS 430 may start the retransmission of this packet data.

RS 440a may retrieve the 2 data packets lost between RS 440a and RS 440b from its buffer and transmit the 2 retransmitted data packets to RS 440b (ie, Data(2)). RS 440b may receive Data(2) and add the 6 data packets lost between RS 440b and RS 440c. Then, RS 440b can transmit Data (8) to RS 440c. Likewise, RS 440c may receive Data(8), store a copy of the data packet in its buffer, and forward the 8 data packets to SS 450a.

SS 450a may receive the retransmitted data (ie, Data (8)), and transmit an ACK indication to BS 430 via RS 440c, RS 440b, and RS 440a. As shown in FIG. 11, RS 440c may receive the ACK indicator and compare the information contained in the ACK indicator with data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440c can generate a RACK indicator signal, the RACK indicator signal included in RS 440c has the ACK indicator signal, and can forward the ACK and RACK indicator signal to its upper node (RS 440b). RS 440b may receive the ACK indicator and RACK indicator and compare the information contained in the ACK and/or RACK indicator with data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, the RACK indication signal generated by the RS 440b itself may include the ACK and the RACK indication signal to confirm the data packet successfully received by the RS 440b. RS 440b may forward the ACK and the two RACK indicators to RS 440a. Likewise, RS 440a may receive the ACK and the two RACK indicators and compare the information contained in the ACK and RACK indicators with data previously stored in its buffer. Based on this comparison, RS 440a will generate a RACK indication signal by itself, and forward this ACK and three RACK indication signals to BS430.

When receiving the ACK and RACK indication signals, the BS 430 can decode the ACK and RACK indication signals to determine the transmission status of the packet data between each node on the transmission path. Based on this decoding, BS 430 may flush from its buffers packet data that has been successfully received by SS 450a. BS 430 can prepare new packet data for transmission to SS 450a, so resources can be redeployed along this transmission path.

Although FIG. 11 discloses that SS 450a transmits an ACK indicator, SS 450a may also transmit a NACK indicator. In either case, error detection and correction will continue as described above. Also, although the signaling diagram 1100 shows three RS 440 in a single transmission path, it is contemplated that the number of RS 440 in a transmission path may be greater or less than this number. Furthermore, although FIG. 11 shows the use of the relay retransmission timer during new data transmission, it is also possible to use the relay retransmission timer during data retransmission.

FIG. 12 shows a transmission diagram of ACK and RACK indication signals according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. To illustrate the ACK and RACK indication signals, FIG. 12 uses the example of FIG. 9 . That is, BS 430 transmits 8 data packets to RS 440a, RS 440a successfully receives and transmits 8 data packets to RS 440b, RS 440b successfully receives and transmits these 6 data packets to RS 440c, and RS 440c successfully receives and transmits these 6 data packets to SS 450a. However, SS 450a only successfully receives 3 data packets, therefore, the ACK indication signal transmitted by SS 450a will report that 3 data packets have been successfully received.

As shown in FIG. 12, the ACK indication signal generated by SS 450a may contain 8 data fields, and SS 450a may acknowledge that 3 data packets have been successfully received. Although the data field used in the example of FIG. 12 is a single bit, the number of bits or configuration settings of these data fields can be arbitrary. As shown in Figure 12, SS 450 may generate an ACK indication signal of "11000100". SS 450a may transmit the generated ACK indicator to RS 440c.

RS 440c may compare the information provided by this ACK indicator signal (i.e., the identification signal of a data packet successfully received by SS 450a), and compare the data packet successfully received by RS 440c with the information indicated in the ACK indicator signal as Data packets successfully received by SS 450a. The RACK indication signal generated by RS 440c will confirm the data packets successfully received by RS 440c but not informed by the ACK indication signal. RS 440c may insert a "don't care (regardless of it)" or "no additional information (no additional information)" indication signal (eg "-") for data successfully received by RS 440c and informed by an ACK indication signal, And the generated RACK indication signal will include the received ACK indication signal. As shown in FIG. 12, the RACK indication signal generated by RS 440c may be "--110-10", and the ACK and RACK indication signals will be "11000100" and "--110-10". In some embodiments, the addition of the RACK indicator to the ACK indicator may be indicated in the control part of the message, using eg a certain bit in the header of this message. RS 440c may send the ACK and RACK indicators to RS 440b.

RS 440b may compare the information provided by this ACK indicator signal with the RACK indicator signal (i.e., the identification signal of data packets successfully received by SS 450a and RS 440c), and compare the data successfully received by RS 440b with this ACK The data packets marked as successfully received by SS 450a in the indication signal and the data packets marked as successfully received by RS 440c in the RACK indication signal. The RACK indication signal generated by RS 440b will acknowledge the data packets that have been successfully received by RS 440b but not marked by the ACK and/or RACK indication signal. For data that has been successfully received by RS 440b and has been marked by ACK and/or RACK indicators, RS 440b may insert a "don't care" or "no additional information" indicator (such as "-"), and its generated The RACK indicator includes the received ACK and the RACK indicator. As shown in Figure 12, the RACK indication signal generated by RS 440b may be "----0-0", and the ACK and RACK indication signal will be "11000100" followed by "--110-10" and "-- ---0-0". As mentioned above, in some embodiments, adding the RACK indicator signal to the ACK indicator signal may be indicated in the control part of the message, by using eg a bit in the header of the message. In this example, RS 440b may indicate that in the information header, all bits of this RACK are "don't care". RS 440b may transmit the ACK indicator and the included RACK indicator to RS 440a.

RS 440b may compare the information provided by this ACK indicator signal with the RACK indicator signal (i.e., the identification signals of data packets that have been successfully received by SS 450a, RS 440c, and RS 440b), and compare The data received by 440a is associated with the data packets indicated in the ACK indicator as successfully received by SS 450a and the data packets indicated in the RACK indicator as successfully received by RS 440c and RS 440b. Based on this comparison, a RACK indicator generated by RS 440a will acknowledge data packets that were successfully received by RS 440a but not indicated by the ACK and/or RACK indicator. For data that has been successfully received by RS 440a and indicated by ACK and/or RACK indicators, RS 440a may insert a "don't care" or "no additional information" indicator (such as "-"), and its The generated RACK indicator includes the received ACK and the RACK indicator. As shown in Figure 12, the RACK indication signal generated by RS 440a may be "----1-1", and this ACK and RACK indication signal will be "11000100" followed by "--110-10" and "-- ---1-0". RS 440a may send ACK and RACK indicators to BS 430.

Figure 13 shows different RACK indication signal types. As shown in FIG. 13, there may be four RACK types, which can be used to represent one or more RACK indicators. In general, in the disclosed embodiment, each RS 440 considers "don't care" about the data indicated as received in the ACK indicator signal, and only reports on intermediate nodes along the transmission path Or the data received by the access node (ie RS 440). In FIG. 13, the ACK indicator confirms that data blocks 1 and 7 have been successfully received by SS 450. In FIG. 13, blocks 1 and 7 are shown by solid boxes.

In RACK type 0, which is called "Selective RACK Map" here, the block sequence number (block sequence number, BSN) of the ACK is reused in the RACK indication signal to save resources. Therefore, in this RACK version, only 4 data blocks (ie, 3, 5, 6 and 8) are reported in the RACK indicator, while data blocks 1 and 7 are reported in the ACK indicator. Blocks 3, 5, 6 and 8 are shown in dots, and blocks 1 and 7 are shown in solid. Therefore, this node or segment uses type 0 (selective RACK map), and the RACK data flow after the BSN is "00101101".

RACK type 1, referred to herein as "Cumulative RACK Map (cumulative RACK map)", can be used when continuous data blocks are to be reported. In this example, the RACK indicator is to report 4 consecutive data blocks, ie, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Therefore, data stream "0100" will be used to indicate that four data blocks have been signaled. Blocks 2, 3, 4, and 5 are shown as dots, and blocks 1 and 7 are shown as solid. The data stream will continue to start after the BSN. Therefore, this section uses the Cumulative RACK Map of type 1, and the RACK data stream after the BSN may be "00100000", and the first four bits indicate that there are 4 consecutive data blocks (that is, "0010" followed by the other four bits) . Or, if this section uses the Cumulative RACK Map of type 1, the RACK data stream after the BSN may be "00000100", using the last four bits to indicate that there are 4 consecutive data blocks (that is, "0010" in the other four after the ones).

RACK Type 2, referred to herein as "Cumulative with Selective RACK Map", may be used when consecutive data blocks have some separate data blocks. In this example, in addition to data blocks 1 and 7 of the ACK, data blocks 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 also need to be reported. Therefore, the data stream "0011" will be used in the Selective RACK Map to represent data blocks 2-4. In the Selective RACK Map, the data stream "10101" starting from the final representation information block will be used to represent data blocks 6 and 8. In other words, in the Cumulative with Selective RACK Map of type 2, the first data block represented as "1" is the final information block in the Selective RACK Map. In Figure 13, Blocks 1 and 7 are shown solid, Blocks 2, 3, 6, and 8 are shown in dots, and the Selective RACK Map and Cumulative with Selective RACK Map of type 2 are shown in diagonal stripes. Therefore, this section uses Cumulative with Selective RACK Map of type 2, and the RACK data stream after the BSN may be "01110101". Alternatively, this section uses Cumulativewith Selective RACK Map of type 2, and the RACK data stream after the BSN can be "10101011". In either case, the RACK data stream can be any combination of "011" and "10101".

RACK Type 3, referred to herein as "Cumulative with R-Block Sequence", may be used to confirm ACKs and NACKs for reported data blocks. Here, "1" may represent ACK and "0" may represent NACK. In this example, in addition to data blocks 1 and 7 for ACK, data blocks 2 and 3 should be reported as ACK, data blocks 4-7 should be reported as NACK, and data block 8 should be reported as ACK. Therefore, the Sequence ACK Map is "101", and the lengths of subsequent blocks are "0010", "0100" and "0001".

By using the ACK and RACK indication signals, the control node (such as BS 430) can obtain information and determine resource allocation for each segment. In resource allocation, for example, the number of required resources can be abstracted. In an embodiment, the number of unmarked bits in the Selective RACK Map (RACK Type 0 and RACK Type 2) and the length of the block sequence (RACK Type 1, RACK Type 2, and RACK Type 3) can be used to confirm the retransmission The number of resources required. During data retransmission, the correct data blocks required for retransmission may also be extracted. For example, in Selective/Cumulative RACK Map (RACK type 0, RACK type 1 and RACK type 2) in the data represented as "0", and in Cumulative with R-Block Sequence ACKMap (cumulative R-Block sequence ACK Data in the NACK block sequence in Fig. ) may be identified for retransmission.

FIG. 14 shows an ARQ state diagram 1400 according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention. In general, a state diagram may be used to illustrate the state and/or operation of a state machine in response to one or more triggering events. A state machine may store the state of a device or device, change the state of the device or device, and/or cause the device or device to perform one or more actions in response to one or more triggering events.

A state machine may be implemented using any combination of software and/or hardware. In an example implementation, each RS 440 and BS 430 may include one or more state machines. In an exemplary implementation, referring to FIG. 5C , each RS 440 and each BS 430 may include one or more state machines implemented using a combination of software and hardware, where the software is stored, for example, in RAM 442 or ROM 443 , while the hardware performs processing or actions in response to one or more triggering events. For example, when a trigger event is received and/or recognized by RS 440, an interrupt signal may be sent to CPU 441, causing CPU 441 to initiate one or more processes. In some embodiments, a state machine may be associated with a set of transmissions by a particular receiving device (eg, SS 450 and/or BS 430). In other embodiments, a state machine may be associated with each transmission of a particular receiving device (eg, SS 450 and/or BS 430). For simplicity, Figure 14 will be described with reference to the ARQ state machine of the RS 440. However, it is also possible for the BS 430 to implement an ARQ state machine and its functionality, such as the state diagram 1400 disclosed in FIG. 14 .

As shown in Figure 14, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 and/or BS 430 may comprise multiple states (for example, Not Sent (not sent) 1410, Outstanding (unresolved) 1420, Done (complete) 1430, Discard (abandoned) 1440 and Waiting for Retransmission (waiting for retransmission) 1450, and the operation of the ARQ state machine may involve changing from a certain state to another state. In one embodiment, the ARQ state may be defined in the ARQ control information block or the tunnel data unit ( TDU). TDU may be used to compress several packet data units (PDU) or ARQ data blocks into a single transmission data unit. The ARQ state diagram shown in Figure 14 may be applied to any type of data unit transmission, such as PDU, TDU, ARQ data blocks, etc.

Before the RS 440 sends data, the state of the ARQ state machine of the RS 440 may be 1410 not sent. In some embodiments, the ARQ state machine may first be set or initialized to Not Sent 1410. While transmitting data to another node of the network, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may move to unresolved 1420 and may remain in unresolved 1420 until one or more triggering events occur. For example, RS 440 may receive an ACK from an end node (e.g., SS 450) in the event that no data error occurs, and the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may therefore move from Unresolved 1420 to Completed 1430. However, if RS 440 receives an ACK from another intermediate node (e.g., another RS 440) before receiving an ACK from an end node (e.g., SS 450), it indicates that some nodes successfully transmitted data to the end node node, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may stay in unresolved 1420, and wait for a retransmission between another intermediate node and an end node. In one embodiment, when RS 440 receives an ACK from an intermediate node, it does not change state, instead, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may remain in unresolved 1420.

Certain triggering events may cause RS 440 to move from unresolved 1420 to pending retransmission 1450. For example, if ARQ_Retry_Timeout occurs, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may move to wait for retransmission. The occurrence of ARQ_Retry_Timeout may reflect the lapse of an associated predetermined time to try to retransmit the data. The ARQ state machine of the RS 440 may remain in wait for retransmission 1450 until it receives an ACK from the end node or another intermediate node or until the data is retransmitted. Likewise, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may move from Unresolved 1420 to Waiting for Retransmission 1450 when it receives a NACK from an end node (e.g., SS 450) or an intermediate node (e.g., another RS 440). The ARQ state machine of RS 440 may remain in wait for retransmission 1450 until it receives a trigger event. In one embodiment, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 may remain in wait for retransmission 1450 until it receives an ACK from an end node or another intermediate node or until data needs to be retransmitted.

In one embodiment, the ARQ state machine of RS 440 will move from Waiting for Retransmission 1450 back to Unresolved 1420 once RS 440 receives an ACK from another intermediate node or data needs to be retransmitted. When the data needs to be retransmitted, the data can be retransmitted first and then the state can be changed, or the state can be changed first and then the data can be retransmitted. However, if the data transmission or retransmission is not completed within the data lifetime (referred to as "Data_Lifetime"), the data is discarded and the ARQ state machine of the RS 440 moves to discard 1440 . In another embodiment, upon receiving an ACK from an intermediate node, the ARQ state machine of the RS 440 does not transition from Waiting for Retransmission to Unresolved 1420, it may remain in Waiting for Retransmission 1450 until another reservation is made until the event is triggered.

In the two-stage ARQ mode, there may be two types of state machines: one is the access link (access link) ARQ state machine, and the other is the relay link (relay link) ARQ state machine. The operation of the access link ARQ state machine may relate to transmissions between the SS 450 and its access RS 440 (ie, the network access point of the SS 450) using the access link. The operation of the relay link ARQ state machine may be related to transmissions between the BS 430 and the relay station RS 440 using the relay link. When operating in two-segment ARQ mode, the BS 430 may schedule retransmissions to the access RS 440 when an ARQ block or TDU is corrupted or lost in the relay link. Correspondingly, RS 440 may schedule retransmission to SS 450 when an ARQ block or TDU is corrupted in the access link. When the intermediate RS 440 exists between the BS 430 and the access RS 440, the intermediate RS 440 can transfer ARQ information blocks and ARQ information between the BS 430 and the access RS 440.

In a non-tunnel mode system, the ARQ information element (IE) corresponding to non-tunnel transmission may be used by the BS 430 and the access RS 440 to indicate the ACK and/or of the transmitted data between the BS 430 and the access RS 440 or NACK. In a tunnel mode system, the ARQ IE transmitted by the tunnel packet may be used by the BS 430 and the access RS 440 to indicate ACK and/or NACK of the transmitted data between the BS 430 and the access RS 440. In both modes (i.e., tunneled and non-tunneled modes), the ARQIEs are transmitted as either a compressed payload with an encapsulated MAC PDU (i.e. "piggybacked"), or as a payload with a single MAC PDU .

The disclosed embodiments may be implemented within any network architecture utilizing wireless technologies, protocols or standards. In this way, the disclosed embodiments enable the system to utilize resources more efficiently. The disclosed embodiments can improve performance by addressing the retransmission of packet data. In particular, the disclosed embodiments can shorten the signal processing time of error detection and data retransmission in wireless networks and improve data throughput. In particular, the disclosed systems and methods improve error detection and correction in multi-node transmission wireless networks. Additionally, the disclosed systems and methods can reduce the signal exchange caused by intra-unit handshaking (e.g., between RS 440c and RS 440b) and inter-unit handshaking (e.g., RS 440c and RS 440 outside the coverage area of BS 430). between) caused by the variability of the wireless network.

In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A method of transmission control in a wireless communication system, characterized in that it comprises: receiving transmission data by an intermediate device for transmission to a receiving device; forwarding the transmission data to the next next intermediate device or the receiving device in a transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device; starting a timer, wherein the timer is set based on a round-trip transmission time between the intermediate device and the receiving device; When the intermediate device receives a reception indication signal from the receiving device or receives one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals from the lower intermediate device before the timer expires, the intermediate device compares the reception indication signal or the one or more A lower bit complements the information in the reception indication signal and the information in a storage area of the intermediate device to determine whether a supplementary reception indication signal is needed; If the supplementary reception indication signal is not required, the reception indication signal or the one or more lower supplementary reception indication signals are transmitted to the next upper intermediate device or the next upper intermediate device in the transmission path between the intermediate device and a transmitting device transmitted to the transmission device; If the supplementary reception indication signal is required, the intermediate device generates the supplementary reception indication signal and the intermediate device combines the reception indication signal with at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals, and the generated included a supplementary reception indication signal to be transmitted to the next upper intermediate device in the transmission path between the intermediate device and the transmission device or to the transmission device, wherein the supplementary reception indication signal has the reception indication signal and the the at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals; and When the intermediary device has not received any of the reception indication signal or the at least one of the one or more subordinate supplemental reception indication signals before the timer expires, then: The intermediate device generates the supplementary reception indication signal and transmits the generated supplementary reception indication signal to the next upper intermediate device or the transmission device, Wherein the supplementary reception indicator signal is a relay acknowledgment indicator signal; and the relay acknowledgment indicator signal confirms that the transmission data has been successfully received by the intermediate device but has not been successfully received by the receiving device. 2. The method of transmission control in a wireless communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the round-trip transmission time includes a period along each segment of the transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device A transmission time, and one or more timing offsets, relative to the receiving device and any intermediate devices disposed along the transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device. 3. The method for transmission control in a wireless communication system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: determine whether the transmitted data contains new data; if the transmission data includes new data, storing the new data in a storage area of the intermediate device; Decide whether the transmitted data should include retransmitted data; If the transmitted data is to include retransmitted data, retrieving the retransmitted data from a storage area of the intermediate device; and The transmission data and the retransmission data are forwarded to a next intermediate device in a transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device or to the receiving device. 4. The method for transmission control in a wireless communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the receiving indication signal is an acknowledgment indication signal or a negative acknowledgment indication signal, and the one or more lower bits complement the reception indicator signal is a relay acknowledgment indicator signal; and the acknowledgment indicator signal or the negative acknowledgment indicator signal confirms that a first set of one or more transmitted data packets was successfully received by the receiving device; and the one or A plurality of relay acknowledgment indication signals acknowledges a second set of one or more transport data packets that were successfully received by one or more downstream intermediate devices but have not yet been successfully received by the receiving device. 5. A system for transmission control in a wireless communication system, characterized in that it comprises: The data transmission control unit is used to control an intermediate device to receive transmission data for transmission to a receiving device, and control to transfer the transmission data to the next next intermediate device in a transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device or the receiving device; a timer setting unit for starting a timer, wherein the timer is set according to a round-trip transmission time between the intermediate device and the receiving device; The intermediate device control unit is used to control when the intermediate device receives a reception indication signal from the receiving device or receives one or more lower supplementary reception indication signals from the lower intermediate device before the timer expires, and the intermediate device compares the The reception indicator signal or the information in the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indicator signals and the information in a storage area of the intermediate device are used to determine whether a supplementary reception indicator signal is needed; if the supplementary reception indicator signal is not required, the reception The indication signal or the one or more lower supplementary reception indication signals are transmitted to the next upper intermediate device in the transmission path between the intermediate device and a transmission device or to the transmission device; if the supplementary reception indication signal is required , then the intermediate device generates the supplementary reception indication signal and the intermediate device transmits the reception indication signal and at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals, and the generated supplementary reception indication signal included to the next upper intermediary device in the transmission path between the intermediary device and the transmitting device or to the transmitting device, wherein the supplementary reception indication signal has the reception indication signal and the one or more lower supplementary reception the at least one of the indication signals, and when the intermediary device does not receive any of the reception indication signal or the at least one of the one or more subordinate supplementary reception indication signals before the timer expires, the intermediary device generates the supplemental receiving an indication signal and transmitting the generated supplementary reception indication signal to the next upper intermediate device or the transmitting device, Wherein the supplementary reception indicator signal is a relay acknowledgment indicator signal; and the relay acknowledgment indicator signal confirms that the transmission data has been successfully received by the intermediate device but has not been successfully received by the receiving device. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the round-trip transmission time comprises a transmission time along each segment of the transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device, and one or more timing an offset relative to the receiving device and any intermediate devices disposed along the transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device. 7. The system according to claim 5, wherein the intermediate device control unit is further used to determine whether the transmission data contains new data; if the transmission data contains new data, then store the new data in the intermediate device In a storage area; determine whether the transmission data will include retransmission data; if the transmission data will include retransmission data, retrieve the retransmission data from a storage area of the intermediate device; and combine the transmission data with the retransmission Data is forwarded to a next intermediate device in a transmission path between the intermediate device and the receiving device or to the receiving device. 8. The system according to claim 5, wherein the reception indication signal is an acknowledgment indication signal or a negative acknowledgment indication signal, and the one or more lower supplementary reception indication signals are relay acknowledgment indications signal; and the acknowledgment indication signal or the negative acknowledgment indication signal confirms a first group of one or more transmitted data packets that were successfully received by the receiving device; and the one or more relay acknowledgment indication signals confirm a A second group of one or more transport data packets that were successfully received by one or more downstream intermediary devices, but have not yet been successfully received by the receiving device.