CN101473297B - Method and system for facilitating display of search results - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及便于显示搜索结果的方法和系统。The present invention relates to methods and systems that facilitate the display of search results.
背景技术 Background technique
现有技术中,搜索引擎仅显示搜索结果。进行搜索的用户可能对于阐述搜索项并不是十分精通的。例如,如果用户是乳腺癌领域的研究人员并且希望搜索关于用于乳腺癌的药物的研究文章,但是仅向搜索引擎输入了搜索项“乳腺癌”,那么所返回的搜索结果可能首先列出乳腺癌的综述,而不考虑该用户的身份。如果用户并不满意该首先列出的搜索结果,则他/她必须向下滚动一页或多页来获得另外的、更相关的结果,或者重新阐述新的搜索项来再一次进行搜索,这回使得用户对搜索引擎的操纵复杂化。因此,需要一种能够使用独特的用户界面来根据相关性和上下文对搜索结果进行过滤和组织的搜索系统和方法。In the prior art, the search engine only displays search results. A user conducting a search may not be well versed in formulating search terms. For example, if a user is a researcher in the field of breast cancer and wishes to search for research articles on drugs used in breast cancer, but enters only the search term "breast cancer" into the search engine, the returned search results may list breast cancer first cancer review, regardless of the user's identity. If the user is not satisfied with the search results listed first, he/she must scroll down one or more pages to obtain additional, more relevant results, or reformulate new search terms to search again, which This will complicate the user's manipulation of the search engine. Therefore, there is a need for a search system and method that can filter and organize search results based on relevance and context using a unique user interface.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明通过提供一种能够在用户不擅长阐述搜索项的时候方便用户对搜索引擎的操纵的搜索系统和方法来解决上述问题。The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by providing a search system and method capable of facilitating manipulation of a search engine by a user when the user is not good at elaborating search terms.
根据本发明的一方面,提供了一种便于显示搜索结果的计算机实现的系统,包括:接收并代表用户执行查询的搜索引擎组件;根据数据与用户的相关性和所述查询的相关联的上下文来过滤和组织结果的分析组件;在与web搜索引擎相同的页面中显示接收查询的查询窗口、相关性窗格以及通道窗格的用户界面组件,所述查询窗口接收查询,所述相关性窗格包括一个或多个信息类别,所述信息类别对应于一查询并对应于所选的标识用户角色的选项卡,所述通道窗格显示对应于所述查询并对应于所选的标识用户角色的选项卡的可选择信息通道,其中一相关性指示符按照所述相关性指示符的相对强度来图形地传达所述一个或多个信息类别的每一个的相关性;以及其中所述用户界面组件还基于用户与所述相关性窗格中的相关性指示符的交互在同一页面中显示一菜单窗口,所述菜单窗口提供了关于与所述相关性指示符相对应的概念和查询的信息,标识与所述概念和所述查询相关的附加概念,并允许用户请求关于所述概念和所述查询的附加信息。According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-implemented system for facilitating the display of search results, comprising: a search engine component that receives and executes a query on behalf of a user; An analysis component to filter and organize results; a user interface component that displays a query window that receives queries, a correlation pane that receives queries, and a channel pane that receives queries in the same page as a web search engine The pane includes one or more categories of information corresponding to a query and corresponding to the selected identification user role tab, the channel pane displays corresponding to the query and corresponding to the selected identification user role a selectable information channel of a tab, wherein a relevance indicator graphically conveys the relevance of each of the one or more information categories according to the relative strength of the relevance indicator; and wherein the user interface The component also displays a menu window in the same page based on user interaction with the relevance indicator in the relevance pane, the menu window providing information about concepts and queries corresponding to the relevance indicator , identifies additional concepts related to the concept and the query, and allows the user to request additional information about the concept and the query.
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种便于显示搜索结果的计算机实现的方法,包括:在与web搜索引擎相同的页面中显示查询窗口、相关性窗格和通道窗格,所述查询窗口接收查询,所述相关性窗格包括一个或多个信息类别,所述信息类别对应于一查询并对应于所选的标识用户角色的选项卡,所述通道窗格显示对应于所述查询并对应于所选的标识用户角色的选项卡的可选择信息通道,其中一相关性指示符按照所述相关性指示符的相对长度来图形地传达所述一个或多个信息类别的每一个的相关性;从用户接收涉及医学/健康信息的搜索查询;接收对标识用户角色的选项卡的选择;执行所述搜索查询;分析所述搜索查询的结果;以及根据与用户的相关性和用户的认知负荷来选择性地过滤、组织和呈现所述搜索查询结果;以及基于用户与所述相关性窗格中的相关性指示符的交互,在同一页面中显示一菜单窗口,所述菜单窗口提供了关于与所述相关性指示符相对应的概念和查询的信息,标识与所述概念和所述查询相关的附加概念,并允许用户请求关于所述概念和所述查询的附加信息。According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-implemented method of facilitating the display of search results, comprising: displaying a query window, a relevance pane, and a channel pane in the same page as a web search engine, the query window A query is received, the relevance pane includes one or more categories of information corresponding to a query and corresponding to the selected tab identifying a user role, the channel pane displays information corresponding to the query and selectable information channels corresponding to the selected tab identifying the user role, wherein a relevance indicator graphically conveys the relevance of each of the one or more information categories according to the relative length of the relevance indicator receiving a search query from a user related to medical/health information; receiving a selection of a tab identifying the user's role; executing the search query; analyzing the results of the search query; knowledge load to selectively filter, organize, and present the search query results; and based on user interaction with the relevance indicators in the relevance pane, display a menu window in the same page that provides information about the concept and query corresponding to the relevance indicator, identify additional concepts related to the concept and the query, and allow a user to request additional information about the concept and the query.
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种便于显示搜索结果的计算机实现的系统,包括:用于接收涉及医学/健康信息的搜索查询的装置;用于执行所述搜索查询的装置;用于至少部分地基于所选的对应于预定用户角色的标识符来分析搜索查询结果的装置;用于根据与用户的相关性和用户的认知负荷来选择性地过滤、组织和呈现所述搜索查询结果的装置;以及用于在与web搜索引擎相同的页面中显示查询窗口、相关性窗格和通道窗格的装置,所述查询窗口接收查询,所述相关性窗格包括一个或多个信息类别,所述信息类别对应于一查询并对应于所选的标识用户角色的选项卡,所述通道窗格显示对应于所述查询并对应于所选的标识用户角色的选项卡的可选择信息通道,其中一相关性指示符按照所述相关性指示符的相对长度图形地传达所述一个或多个信息类别的每一个的相关性;其中所述用于显示的装置还基于用户与所述相关性窗格中的相关性指示符的交互在同一页面中显示一菜单窗口,其中所述菜单窗口提供了关于与所述相关性指示符相对应的概念和查询的信息,标识与所述概念和所述查询相关的附加概念,并允许用户请求关于所述概念和所述查询的附加信息。According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-implemented system for facilitating display of search results, comprising: means for receiving a search query related to medical/health information; means for executing said search query; means for analyzing search query results based at least in part on selected identifiers corresponding to predetermined user personas; for selectively filtering, organizing, and presenting said search queries based on relevance to the user and cognitive load on the user means for results; and means for displaying a query window, a relevance pane, and a channel pane in the same page as a web search engine, the query window receiving a query, the relevance pane comprising one or more information category, the category of information corresponding to a query and corresponding to the selected tab identifying the user role, the channel pane displaying selectable information corresponding to the query and corresponding to the selected tab identifying the user role channel, wherein a relevance indicator graphically conveys the relevance of each of the one or more information categories according to the relative length of the relevance indicator; wherein the means for displaying is also based on the user's relationship with the Interaction of a relevance indicator in a relevance pane displays a menu window in the same page, wherein said menu window provides information about concepts and queries corresponding to said relevance indicator, identifying Additional concepts related to the query and allow the user to request additional information about the concept and the query.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1a是便于根据与用户的相关性向用户呈现医疗相关数据的计算机系统的框图。Figure 1a is a block diagram of a computer system that facilitates presenting medically relevant data to a user based on relevance to the user.
图1b是用于实现一实施例的一个特定方法的流程图。Figure 1b is a flowchart of one particular method for implementing an embodiment.
图1c示出基于web的、网页形式的搜索引擎用户界面。Figure 1c shows a web-based search engine user interface in the form of a web page.
图2-16示出根据各实施例的各个用户界面。2-16 illustrate various user interfaces according to various embodiments.
图17和图18示出用于实现此处所描述的各个方面的计算环境。17 and 18 illustrate computing environments for implementing various aspects described herein.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
现在参考附图来描述所要求保护的主题,所有附图中使用相同的附图标记来指代相同的要素。在以下描述中,为解释起见,阐明了众多具体细节以提供对所要求保护的主题的全面理解。然而,很明显,所要求保护的主题可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实施。在其它情况下,以框图形式示出了公知的结构和设备以便于描述所要求保护的主题。The claimed subject matter is now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of claimed subject matter. It may be evident, however, that claimed subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing the claimed subject matter.
如在本申请中所使用的,此处使用的词语“示例性”意指用作示例、实例或说明。在此被描述为“示例性”的任何方面或设计并不一定要被解释为相比其它方面或设计更优选或有利。相反,使用词语示例性旨在以具体的方式呈现各个概念。As used in this application, the word "exemplary" is used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Rather, use of the word exemplary is intended to present various concepts in a concrete manner.
此外,术语“或”意指包括性“或”而非互斥性“或”。即,除非另有指定或从上下文可以清楚,否则“X使用A或B”意指任何自然的包括性排列。即,如果X使用A;X使用B;或X使用A和B两者,则在任何以上情况下,都满足“X使用A或B”。另外,本申请中和所附权利要求书中所使用的冠词“一”和“一个”一般应被解释为是指“一个或多个”,除非另有指定或从上下文可以清楚指的是单数形式。Furthermore, the term "or" means an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, "X employs A or B" means any natural inclusive permutation. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied in any of the above cases. Additionally, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and in the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one or more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context that singular form.
此外,术语“组件”、“系统”等一般旨在表示计算机相关的实体,它可以是硬件、硬件和软件的结合、软件、或者执行中的软件。例如,组件可以是但不限于是,在处理器上运行的进程、处理器、对象、可执行码、执行的线程、程序和/或计算机。作为说明,运行在控制器上的应用程序和控制器都可以是组件。一个或多个组件可以驻留在进程和/或执行的线程中,并且组件可以位于一个计算机上和/或分布在两个或更多的计算机之间。Furthermore, the terms "component," "system," etc. are generally intended to refer to a computer-related entity, which may be hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. As an illustration, both an application running on a controller and a controller can be a component. One or more components can reside within a process and/or thread of execution, and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers.
此外,术语“服务”可以指执行软件,如使用工具栏或基于web的电子邮件引擎;检索信息(例如,待审专利申请的状态、建议性提议、移民过程、或包裹递送);购买商品;进行支付(例如,抵押、租赁、学生贷款、信用卡、汽车、电话、公共事业、滞纳金);在在线学校上课;与离线提供方(例如,牙医、医学博士、律师、发型师、技工)进行约定;或注册在线或离线会议。应当理解,该服务列表是作为说明来提供的。Additionally, the term "service" may refer to executing software, such as using a toolbar or web-based email engine; retrieving information (e.g., status of pending patent applications, advisory offers, immigration process, or package delivery); purchasing goods; Make payments (e.g., mortgage, lease, student loan, credit card, car, phone, utilities, late fees); enroll in online schools; make appointments with offline providers (e.g., dentist, MD, lawyer, hairstylist, mechanic) ; or register for an online or offline meeting. It should be understood that this list of services is provided as an illustration.
术语“智能”具有两种意义:(i)其指表征一个人或实体的历史或行为的信息,和该人或该实体的、涉及一个产品或服务或其组合的商业和非商业活动的记录;以及(ii)其指基于关于系统或用户的现有信息推论或得出,例如推断出,关于系统的当前或将来状态或用户的行为的结论的能力。人工智能(AI)可被用来标识特定的上下文或动作,或无须人类干涉而生成系统的各特定状态或用户行为的概率分布。人工智能依赖于对系统或用户的一组可用数据(信息)应用高级的数学算法,例如,决策树、神经网络、回归分析、聚类分析、遗传算法、和强化学习。The term "intelligence" has two meanings: (i) it refers to information characterizing the history or behavior of a person or entity, and the records of that person's or that entity's commercial and non-commercial activities involving a product or service or combination thereof and (ii) it refers to the ability to infer or draw, eg, infer, conclusions about the current or future state of the system or the behavior of users based on existing information about the system or users. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to identify a specific context or action, or generate a probability distribution for each specific state of a system or user behavior without human intervention. Artificial intelligence relies on applying advanced mathematical algorithms, such as decision trees, neural networks, regression analysis, cluster analysis, genetic algorithms, and reinforcement learning, to a set of data (information) available to a system or user.
如以下更详细地描述的,描述了一种独特的用户界面方案,其提供丰富的方法来根据相关性以可粗略浏览(glanceable)的方式查看数据。As described in more detail below, a unique user interface scheme is described that provides a rich way to view data in a glanceable manner based on relevance.
图1a描绘了便于向用户呈现数据的计算机系统10。搜索引擎组件12接收并代表用户执行查询。分析组件14接收并分析查询结果,该组件根据数据与用户的相关性和该查询的相关联的上下文来过滤并组织结果。应当理解,分析组件14还可以帮助重新阐述搜索查询,或根据已确定的或推断的用户意图或搜索结果的相关性来生成补充查询。用户界面组件16以便于用户容易地消费/处理数据的方式向相应用户呈现数据。用户界面组件16可以根据所显示的信息的内容和类型、用户状态、用户偏好、显式学习或隐式学习、用户意图等来动态地修改显示设置。Figure Ia depicts a
可以用各种方式获得用户意图,诸如,例如用户意图的显式表达、隐式表达、确定的或推断的用户意图。此外,可以采用各种手段或机制来获得用户意图(例如,门户、弹出窗口、查询、声明、发言、推理、外在证据、历史数据、机器学习系统等)。还可以结合数据的排序、组织和呈现来计算或分解用户意图的精确性以及与其相关联的置信度度量。User intent may be obtained in various ways, such as, for example, an explicit expression of user intent, an implicit expression, a determined or inferred user intent. Furthermore, various means or mechanisms can be employed to obtain user intent (eg, portals, pop-ups, queries, claims, utterances, inferences, extrinsic evidence, historical data, machine learning systems, etc.). Accuracy of user intent and confidence measures associated therewith may also be calculated or decomposed in conjunction with ranking, organization, and presentation of data.
可以采用被称为人工智能(AI)组件18的可任选学习和推理系统来确定或推断用户意图、用户状态、用户上下文、用户目标以及结果的相关性。AI组件18可用于做出关于优化决策等的判定或推论。AI组件18可以例如将基于概率的或基于统计的方法用于做出判定或推论。各接口可部分基于在使用系统10之前的分类器显式训练(未示出),或部分基于至少以在使用该系统期间用户或提供者的先前动作、命令、指令等为基础的隐式训练。在优化中使用的数据或策略可以从特定用户或服务/商品提供者或从用户和提供者的团体中进行收集。An optional learning and reasoning system, referred to as an artificial intelligence (AI)
根据实现此处所描述的各自动化方面,AI组件18可以采用用于从数据中学习并随后从如此构造的模型(例如,隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)和相关的原型依赖性模型、诸如例如由结构搜索使用贝叶斯模型分数或近似值创建贝叶斯网络等更一般的概率图模型、诸如支持向量机(SVM)等线性分类器、诸如被称为“神经网络”方法的方法等非线性分类器、模糊逻辑方法和执行数据融合的其它方法等)中得出推论的多种方法中的一种。In accordance with implementing various automated aspects described herein,
方法还包括用于捕获逻辑关系的方法,如定理证明器或更加启发式的基于规则的专家系统等。从这种学习的或手动地构造的模型中导出的推论可被用在诸如线性和非线性编程等试图最大化某些目标函数的优化技术中。例如,最大化确定或推断用户意图的总体效率、标识预期和相关的服务/商品提供方、动态计算、或传达数据以及相关联的双向过滤来优化数据消费、资源利用、优化投资回报(ROI)等。Methods also include methods for capturing logical relationships, such as theorem provers or more heuristic rule-based expert systems, etc. Inferences derived from such learned or manually constructed models can be used in optimization techniques such as linear and nonlinear programming that attempt to maximize some objective function. For example, to maximize the overall efficiency of determining or inferring user intent, identifying prospective and relevant service/good providers, dynamically computing, or conveying data and associated bidirectional filtering to optimize data consumption, resource utilization, and optimize return on investment (ROI) wait.
优化策略可以考虑关于例如,用户意图、目标、不确定性、零散行为、销售点、库存、送货时间、质量、评级、排名、声誉、真实性、可靠性和结合搜索和商业交易来考虑的其它因素等的推论。Optimization strategies can consider considerations regarding, for example, user intent, goals, uncertainty, fragmented behavior, point of sale, inventory, delivery time, quality, ratings, rankings, reputation, authenticity, reliability, and in conjunction with search and commerce transactions Inferences from other factors, etc.
AI组件18可以考虑历史数据和关于当前上下文(用户或提供者)的数据。可以采用考虑包括对作出不正确的判定或推论的代价对比作出正确的判定或推论的好处进行考虑的策略。因此,可以使用基于预期效用的分析来向其它组件提供输入或提示或直接采取自动化动作。可以结合这种分析来计算和采用排名和置信度度量。例如,作出关于显示以及显示特定一组数据的方式的不正确决定的代价对比对于用户的预期好处/代价可以在决策中计算在内作为优化过程的一部分。
可以采用按用户组来优化数据显示的策略。鉴于上述示例,可以理解,优化是动态的且所选择的和所实现的策略将根据多个参数(例如,供应/需求、用户状态、用户目标、用户偏好、成本、效率、可用时间、时间安排、环境、库存、工作流程、广告、价格点、平衡点、市场饱和度、预期的将来需求、待办事项、趋势、时尚、倾销策略、竞争者分析、用户和提供者容忍度、风险分析.)而变化,并且因而AI组件18是自适应的。Strategies that optimize the display of data by user group can be employed. In view of the examples above, it can be appreciated that optimization is dynamic and that the strategy selected and implemented will be based on a number of parameters (e.g., supply/demand, user status, user goals, user preferences, cost, efficiency, availability, scheduling , Environment, Inventory, Workflow, Advertising, Price Point, Balance Point, Market Saturation, Expected Future Demand, Backlog, Trends, Fashion, Dumping Tactics, Competitor Analysis, User and Provider Tolerance, Risk Analysis. ), and thus the
数据存储20可以存储与系统10相关联的数据(例如,查询、历史信息、简档、偏好、策略、试探法、软件、搜索结果、过滤器、模板等)。
图1b示出根据所要求保护的主题的方法。尽管出于简化解释的目的,该方法被示出和描述为一系列动作,但应该理解和明白,所要求保护的主题不受动作的顺序限制,因为某些动作能够以与在此所示出和描述的不同的顺序发生和/或与其它动作同时发生。例如,本领域技术人员将会明白并理解,方法可被替换地表示为一系列相互关联的状态或事件,诸如以状态图的形式。而且,并非所有示出的动作都是实现根据所要求保护的主题的方法所必需的。另外还应该明白,下文以及本说明书全文中所公开的方法能够被存储在制品上,以便于把此类方法传送和转移到计算机。Figure 1b illustrates a method in accordance with the claimed subject matter. Although the method is shown and described as a series of acts for simplicity of explanation, it is to be understood and appreciated that claimed subject matter is not limited by the order of acts, as some acts can be performed in the same order as shown herein. Occurs in a different order than described and/or concurrently with other acts. For example, those skilled in the art will appreciate and appreciate that a methodology could alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram. Moreover, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement a methodology in accordance with the claimed subject matter. It should also be understood that the methods disclosed below and throughout this specification can be stored on an article of manufacture to facilitate the transfer and transfer of such methods to a computer.
在30处,接收涉及医学/健康信息(或类似信息)的搜索查询。在32处,执行该查询。可以理解,在执行之前可以对查询进行细化或重新阐述(例如,根据所确定或推断的用户意图或目标)。同样,可以根据涉及结果的相关性和用户满意度的反馈来执行多个查询。在34处,接收并分析搜索结果。该分析可以包括执行关于用户数据值、数据相关性、数据类型、数据上下文、用户状态、用户上下文、用户意图、用户目标、用户理解数据的能力、用户的认知负荷等的效用分析。At 30, a search query related to medical/health information (or similar information) is received. At 32, the query is executed. It will be appreciated that queries may be refined or reformulated (eg, based on determined or inferred user intent or goals) prior to execution. Likewise, multiple queries can be performed based on feedback concerning the relevance of the results and user satisfaction. At 34, search results are received and analyzed. The analysis may include performing a utility analysis regarding user data values, data dependencies, data types, data context, user state, user context, user intent, user goals, user ability to understand data, user's cognitive load, and the like.
如以下更详细地描述的,在36处,基于该分析,过滤、组织并向用户呈现数据的一个子集。As described in more detail below, at 36, based on the analysis, a subset of the data is filtered, organized and presented to the user.
图1c示出根据本发明的一实施例的网页形式的基于web的搜索引擎用户界面100。用户界面100有时被称为仪表板(dashboard)或搜索引擎仪表板,其包括显示内容相关信息的多个信息窗格。在所示出的实施例中,该用户界面包括相关性窗格102、通道窗格104和广告窗格106。用户界面100通常从用户接收基于web的搜索查询并组织和向用户显示搜索结果和/或搜索查询相关信息。搜索结果和查询相关信息是由搜索引擎来提供的,如本领域技术人员公知的横向、纵向或任何其它类型的搜索引擎。FIG. 1 c shows a web-based search engine user interface 100 in the form of a web page according to an embodiment of the present invention. User interface 100, sometimes referred to as a dashboard or search engine dashboard, includes multiple panes of information that display content-related information. In the illustrated embodiment, the user interface includes a relevance pane 102 , a channel pane 104 and an advertisement pane 106 . User interface 100 generally receives web-based search queries from users and organizes and displays search results and/or search query related information to the users. Search results and query-related information are provided by a search engine, such as horizontal, vertical, or any other type of search engine known to those skilled in the art.
相关性窗格102包括用户在其中输入搜索查询110的搜索窗口108。用户界面100上的信息由窗口选项卡112来组织。窗口选项卡112的每一个都对应于特定用户的身份。窗口选项卡112有时被称为选项卡、用户选项卡、身份选项卡、组选项卡、角色选项卡、个人选项卡、个人用户选项卡、团体选项卡或任何其它选项卡。例如,在一实施例中,用户身份可以对应于医学病人、研究者、营销人员、服务提供者、医生、护士、学生或任何其它用户身份。在所示出的实施例中,提供了两个窗口选项卡112:健康选项卡和研究选项卡,其分别对应于消费者或病人和医学研究者身份。The dependencies pane 102 includes a
相关性窗格102还包括对应于查询110和用户身份的一个或多个信息类别114(例如,如所选择的窗口选项卡112所确定的)。在一实施例中,在选择“Health(健康)”窗口选项卡112且搜索查询110是“breast cancer(乳腺癌)”时,信息类别114包括Drugs&Substance(药品和药物)、Conditions(情况)、Procedures(疗程)、In Clinical Studies(临床研究)、Complementary Medicine(补充药物)、Personal Health(个人健康)、Nutrition(营养)和People(人员)。在另一实施例中,在选择“Research(研究)”窗口选项卡112且搜索查询110是“breast cancer(乳腺癌)”时,信息类别114包括Drugs&Substance、Conditions、In Clinical Studies、MolecularBiology(分子生物学)、Genes(基因)、Research Centers(研究中心)、Experts(专家)和Anatomy(解剖学)。如图所示,所显示的信息类别114可以基于所选择的或预定的用户身份和/或简档而改变。在其它情况下,可以自动地确定类别114,如通过本领域技术人员公知的学习方法、动态学习方法、算法或推理方法等。The relevance pane 102 also includes one or more categories of information 114 corresponding to the query 110 and user identity (eg, as determined by the selected window tab 112 ). In one embodiment, when the "Health" window tab 112 is selected and the search query 110 is "breast cancer", information categories 114 include Drugs & Substance, Conditions, Procedures (course of treatment), In Clinical Studies (clinical research), Complementary Medicine (complementary medicine), Personal Health (personal health), Nutrition (nutrition) and People (personnel). In another embodiment, when the "Research" window tab 112 is selected and the search query 110 is "breast cancer", information categories 114 include Drugs & Substance, Conditions, In Clinical Studies, Molecular Biology Science), Genes (genes), Research Centers (research centers), Experts (experts) and Anatomy (anatomy). As shown, the displayed information categories 114 may change based on a selected or predetermined user identity and/or profile. In other cases, the category 114 can be determined automatically, such as through learning methods, dynamic learning methods, algorithms, or reasoning methods known to those skilled in the art.
每一类别114都列出涉及搜索查询110的、至少部分地基于搜索查询110和窗口选项卡112来确定的一个或多个概念116。在一实施例中,概念116是或者包括关键字、项、或搜索引擎确定与所提供的搜索查询110和/或所选择的窗口选项卡112相关的信息标识符。可以选择概念116来进一步缩小或集中搜索结果,或可以选择其来用搜索引擎启动新的或另外的搜索或查询。另外,可以选择概念116来自动地生成与概念116和搜索查询110相关的概述或解释。Each category 114 lists one or more concepts 116 related to the search query 110 determined based at least in part on the search query 110 and the window tabs 112 . In an embodiment, concepts 116 are or include keywords, terms, or identifiers of information that the search engine determines are relevant to the provided search query 110 and/or the selected window tab 112 . A concept 116 can be selected to further narrow or focus search results, or it can be selected to initiate a new or additional search or query with the search engine. Additionally, concepts 116 can be selected to automatically generate a summary or explanation related to concepts 116 and search query 110 .
类似地,提供了对应于所显示的概念116的每一个的相关性指示符118,其有时被称为计量或MEDSTORY METERTM。在一实施例中,相关性指示符118包括图形显示,如条形图。还可以提供其它这种相关性指示符118,如数字显示、动画或任何其它这种指示符118。在一实施例中,在相关性指示符118包括条形图时,该条形图的长度指示概念与所选择的窗口选项卡112和搜索查询110之间的较大的相关性。在某些实施例中,相关性指示符118指示概念116和搜索查询110之间的连通性。Similarly, a relevance indicator 118, sometimes referred to as a meter or MEDSTORY METER ™ , corresponding to each of the displayed concepts 116 is provided. In one embodiment, the dependency indicator 118 includes a graphical display, such as a bar graph. Other such relevance indicators 118 may also be provided, such as numerical displays, animations or any other such indicators 118 . In an embodiment, when relevance indicator 118 comprises a bar graph, the length of the bar graph indicates a greater correlation between the concept and the selected window tab 112 and search query 110 . In some embodiments, relevance indicator 118 indicates connectivity between concept 116 and search query 110 .
相关性窗格102可以包括任何数量的窗口选项卡112。例如,相关性窗格102可以包括一个、两个、三个、四个或超过四个窗口选项卡112。相关性窗格102还可以包括任何数量的类别114。例如,相关性窗格102可以包括一个、两个、三个、四个或超过四个类别114。相关性窗格102还可以包括与每一类别114相关的任何数量的概念116。例如,相关性窗格102可以包括一个、两个、三个、四个或超过四个概念116。另外,相关性窗格102还可以包括与概念116相关的任何数量的相关性指示符116。Dependency pane 102 may include any number of window tabs 112 . For example, dependencies pane 102 may include one, two, three, four, or more than four window tabs 112 . The dependencies pane 102 may also include any number of categories 114 . For example, the dependencies pane 102 may include one, two, three, four, or more than four categories 114 . The dependencies pane 102 may also include any number of concepts 116 related to each category 114 . For example, the dependencies pane 102 may include one, two, three, four, or more than four concepts 116 . Additionally, the dependency pane 102 may also include any number of dependency indicators 116 related to the concept 116 .
通道窗格104包括进一步组织搜索结果和/或搜索信息的显示的一个或多个通道选择器120。通道选择器120有时被称为管道、信息管道或内容管道。通道窗格104中的信息基于所选择的通道120来组织、分组和/或排序。通道选择器120可以由用户界面100根据搜索查询110和/或所选择的窗口选项卡112来确定。例如,在一实施例中,在窗口选项卡112指示用户是病人或对一般健康相关信息感兴趣的人时,用户界面100包括The Web(万维网)、News Media(新闻媒体)、Audio Video(音频视频)、Clinical Trials(临床试验)和Research Articles(研究论文)等通道选择器120。在另一实施例中,在窗口选项卡112指示用户是诸如医学研究者等的研究者时,用户界面100包括The Web、News Media、Clinical Trials、Research Articles和NIH Grants(NIH授权)通道选择器120。可以提供任何数量的通道选择器120。例如,某些实施例提供两个、三个、四个、五个或超过五个通道选择器120。Channel pane 104 includes one or more channel selectors 120 to further organize the display of search results and/or search information. Channel selector 120 is sometimes referred to as a pipe, information pipe, or content pipe. Information in the channel pane 104 is organized, grouped, and/or sorted based on the channel 120 selected. Channel selector 120 may be determined by user interface 100 based on search query 110 and/or selected window tab 112 . For example, in one embodiment, when the window tab 112 indicates that the user is a patient or is interested in general health-related information, the user interface 100 includes The Web, News Media, Audio Video Video), Clinical Trials (clinical trials) and Research Articles (research papers) and other channel selectors 120. In another embodiment, when the window tab 112 indicates that the user is a researcher, such as a medical researcher, the user interface 100 includes The Web, News Media, Clinical Trials, Research Articles, and NIH Grants channel selectors 120. Any number of channel selectors 120 may be provided. For example, some embodiments provide two, three, four, five or more than five channel selectors 120 .
在某些实施例中,通道选择器120包括显示诸如搜索结果等针对预定高质量的或预筛选等级的内容的信息的“首要内容”通道120。例如,首要内容通道可以提供来自特定数据库或信息源的信息,如由Reader′s Digest(读者文摘)、Wall Street Journal(华尔街日报)、New England Journal ofMedicine(新英格兰医学期刊)或任何其它这种特定兴趣或特定主题的信息提供者所维护或创建的源。在通道窗格104中还提供了搜索结果122。在一实施例中,搜索结果122是基于搜索查询110、所选择的窗口选项卡112和所选择的通道选择器120的。例如,搜索结果122可以基于关于“breastcancer”的搜索查询,其中用户是病人并且其中用户对从因特网或web的通用搜索获得的或由其生成的搜索结果感兴趣,如可由横向搜索引擎提供的。在其它情况下,用户可以对可从特定主题搜索引擎获得的搜索结果感兴趣,如纵向领域搜索引擎,其可被配置为搜索主题相关信息的预定的域。纵向领域对于本领域技术人员来说是公知的,并且可以包括与各个主题的任一个相关的信息,诸如例如,医学、健康、旅游、金融、法律、娱乐、传记、政治、经济或任何其它主题。In some embodiments, channel selector 120 includes a "top content" channel 120 that displays information, such as search results, for predetermined high-quality or pre-screened levels of content. For example, a primary content channel may provide information from a particular database or information source, such as that published by Reader's Digest, Wall Street Journal, New England Journal of Medicine, or any other such A source maintained or created by a provider of information of a particular interest or topic. Search results 122 are also provided in channel pane 104 . In an embodiment, the search results 122 are based on the search query 110 , the selected window tab 112 and the selected channel selector 120 . For example, the search results 122 may be based on a search query about "breast cancer," where the user is a patient and where the user is interested in search results obtained from or generated by general searches of the Internet or web, as may be provided by a lateral search engine. In other cases, a user may be interested in search results available from a topic-specific search engine, such as a vertical domain search engine, which may be configured to search a predetermined domain of topic-related information. Vertical areas are well known to those skilled in the art and may include information related to any of various topics such as, for example, medicine, health, travel, finance, law, entertainment, biography, politics, economics, or any other topic .
搜索结果122的每一个一般都包括内容元素124、概述126和位置标识符128,诸如可以找到和/或检索到内容元素124的统一资源定位符(URL)、web或网际协议(IP)地址。位置标识符128可以引用因特网、局域网、广域网或任何其它类型的信息网络上的位置。内容124可以包括文本文档、视频剪辑、音频剪辑、PODCAST(播客)、或以上的任意的组合、或任何其它类型的信息。Each of search results 122 generally includes a content element 124, a summary 126, and a location identifier 128, such as a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), web or Internet Protocol (IP) address where content element 124 may be found and/or retrieved. Location identifier 128 may reference a location on the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, or any other type of information network. Content 124 may include text documents, video clips, audio clips, PODCASTs (podcasts), or any combination of the above, or any other type of information.
在一实施例中,用户界面100在通道窗格104中不仅基于搜索查询110,还基于用户界面100的搜索引擎提供的或其已知的某些其它参数或知识来显示信息。例如,搜索结果122基于系统知识而非多个度量、或基于系统知识结合多个度量来显示、选择和/或排序。搜索结果122可以基于搜索查询110和搜索引擎知识的组合。In an embodiment, the user interface 100 displays information in the channel pane 104 based not only on the search query 110 but also based on some other parameter or knowledge provided by or known to the search engine of the user interface 100 . For example, search results 122 are displayed, selected, and/or ranked based on system knowledge rather than multiple metrics, or based on system knowledge in combination with multiple metrics. Search results 122 may be based on a combination of search query 110 and search engine knowledge.
另外,用户界面100播客广告窗格106。广告窗格106显示涉及搜索查询110、所选择的窗口选项卡112和所选择的通道选择器120中的任何一个或多个的广告130。例如,在一实施例中,用户界面100显示与医学病人相关的广告130,而在其它实施例中,用户界面100显示与医学研究者、投资者、临床医生、或其它用户角色类型相关的广告130。在某些情况下,广告窗格106上的广告130在每次执行新搜索时或在原始搜索查询110改变时都更新。在一实施例中,随着用户在搜索中导航的深入,广告130被从未过滤的广告池中重新选择,并且不仅仅是从被确定为原始搜索的结果的广告池中选择的。这类动态广告更新有时被称为“级联广告(cascadingadvertising)”。Additionally, the user interface 100 has a podcast advertisement pane 106 . Ads pane 106 displays advertisements 130 related to any one or more of search query 110 , selected window tab 112 , and selected channel selector 120 . For example, in one embodiment, user interface 100 displays advertisements 130 related to medical patients, while in other embodiments user interface 100 displays advertisements related to medical researchers, investors, clinicians, or other user role types 130. In some cases, the ads 130 on the ads pane 106 are updated each time a new search is performed or when the original search query 110 changes. In an embodiment, as the user navigates further in the search, the advertisements 130 are reselected from the unfiltered pool of advertisements, and not only from the pool of advertisements determined to be the result of the original search. This type of dynamic advertising update is sometimes referred to as "cascading advertising."
在图2-16中示出类似的用户界面的另外的实施例。图2示出其中搜索查询是“breast cancer”、窗口选项卡112是“Health”的用户界面的一个实施例,其对应于医学病人或对一般保健信息感兴趣的人。“The Web”通道选择器被选择。该用户界面包括“view more(查看更多)”的选项,其在被选择时,使得用户界面显示每一类别的另外的概念和相关的相关性指示符。其中选择了“view more”选项的用户界面的一个示例在图3中示出。该用户界面允许用户能够查看包括特定于该搜索查询的信息的特定网页。例如,如图4所示,用户界面显示另外的信息类别。Additional embodiments of similar user interfaces are shown in FIGS. 2-16. 2 shows one embodiment of a user interface where the search query is "breast cancer" and the window tab 112 is "Health," which corresponds to a medical patient or a person interested in general health information. The "The Web" channel selector is selected. The user interface includes a "view more" option that, when selected, causes the user interface to display additional concepts and associated relevance indicators for each category. An example of a user interface in which the "view more" option is selected is shown in FIG. 3 . The user interface allows the user to view specific web pages that include information specific to the search query. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the user interface displays additional categories of information.
图5示出其中选择了“Research”查看选项卡的用户界面。该用户界面可以显示涉及每一类别、概念和相关性指示符的附加信息。例如,如图6所示,在用户在类别上方移动光标或选择该类别时,用户界面显示关于该类别的附加信息。在图6所示的示例中,在用户在类别上移动光标时,出现了显示“Drugs&Substances”类别的描述的窗口。在用户在概念上方移动光标或选择该概念时,可以发生类似的结果。在图7所示的示例中,在用户在该概念上方移动光标或选择该概念时,出现了显示“tamoxifen(他莫昔芬)”类别的描述的窗口。在另一实施例中,在用户选择概念时,出现另外的搜索选项的菜单。例如,如图8所示,在用户选择一类别时,出现菜单。该菜单向用户提供通过添加作为对搜索的附加限制的概念来进一步缩小其搜索查询的能力。该菜单还向用户提供启动新搜索的能力,该新搜索特别地针对该概念项,或针对关于该概念的特定的预定网页。图9示出其中搜索查询已通过添加作为对搜索的限制的概念而进一步被缩小的用户界面的一实施例。在所示出的实施例中,项“tamoxifen”被作为对原始搜索“breast cancer”的附加限制来添加。可以使用多个概念来限制搜索查询,如图10所示。在图10示出的示例中,项“tamoxifen”和“anastrozole(阿那曲唑)”被作为对原始搜索“breast cancer”的附加限制来添加。Figure 5 shows the user interface with the "Research" viewing tab selected. The user interface can display additional information related to each category, concept and relevance indicator. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when a user moves a cursor over a category or selects the category, the user interface displays additional information about the category. In the example shown in FIG. 6, when the user moves the cursor over the category, a window showing a description of the "Drugs & Substances" category appears. A similar result can occur when the user moves the cursor over or selects a concept. In the example shown in FIG. 7, when the user moves the cursor over the concept or selects the concept, a window showing a description of the category "tamoxifen (tamoxifen)" appears. In another embodiment, when the user selects a concept, a menu of additional search options appears. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when the user selects a category, a menu appears. This menu provides the user with the ability to further narrow their search query by adding concepts as additional constraints to the search. The menu also provides the user with the ability to initiate a new search specifically for that concept item, or for a particular predetermined webpage about that concept. Figure 9 shows an embodiment of a user interface in which the search query has been further narrowed by adding concepts as limitations to the search. In the illustrated embodiment, the term "tamoxifen" is added as an additional restriction on the original search "breast cancer". Several concepts can be used to limit search queries, as shown in Figure 10. In the example shown in Figure 10, the terms "tamoxifen" and "anastrozole (anastrozole)" are added as additional constraints on the original search "breast cancer".
类似地,在另一实施例中,在用户在相关性指示符上方移动光标或选择该相关性指示符时,提供了另外的菜单和/或信息。例如,图11的实施例示出在用户在相关性指示符上方移动光标时出现的菜单。如果用户选择相关性指示符,则可以提供另外的菜单。例如,如图12所示,在用户选择对应于“tamoxifen”概念的相关性指示符时,用户界面提供所示的菜单。该菜单允许用户请求关于该概念和搜索查询的或只关于该概念的附加信息。另外,该菜单提供关于该搜索查询和概念的信息。另外,用户界面的菜单标识与该概念和搜索查询相关的或相关联的另外的概念。Similarly, in another embodiment, when a user moves a cursor over or selects a relevance indicator, additional menus and/or information are provided. For example, the embodiment of FIG. 11 shows a menu that appears when a user moves a cursor over a relevance indicator. If the user selects a relevance indicator, additional menus may be provided. For example, as shown in Figure 12, upon user selection of the relevance indicator corresponding to the "tamoxifen" concept, the user interface provides the menu shown. This menu allows the user to request additional information about the concept and the search query, or just about the concept. Additionally, the menu provides information about the search query and concepts. Additionally, the menus of the user interface identify additional concepts that are related or associated with the concept and the search query.
尽管图2-12的以上讨论回顾了所示实施例的相关性窗格的各个概念,但本领域技术人员应当清楚,图2-12所示出的各实施例还包括通道和广告窗格,如上参考图1所述。图13-16示出其中选择了不同的通道选择器的通道窗格。例如,尽管图2-12示出其中选择了“The Web”通道的通道窗格,但图13-16示出其中分别选择了“News&Media(新闻和媒体)”、“Clinical Trials”、“Research Articles”“NIH Grants”通道的通道窗格。Although the above discussion of FIGS. 2-12 recalls various concepts of the dependency panes of the illustrated embodiments, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 2-12 also include channel and advertisement panes, As described above with reference to FIG. 1 . Figures 13-16 illustrate the channel pane with different channel selectors selected. For example, while Figures 2-12 show the channel pane with "The Web" channel selected, Figures 13-16 show the "News&Media (news and media)", "Clinical Trials", "Research Articles" respectively Channel pane for the NIH Grants channel.
另外,回头参考图2和图5,所示用户界面的广告窗格中所提供的广告随着选择不同的窗口选项卡而变化。例如,图2中,用户选择“Health”窗口选项卡,指示用户是医学病人或对一般健康信息感兴趣的人。基于所选择的窗口选项卡和搜索查询来选择和显示广告窗格中的广告。在图5的实施例中,用户选择“Research”窗口选项卡,指示用户是医学研究者,因此,用户界面在广告窗格中显示对搜索查询的主题感兴趣的医学研究者可能感兴趣的广告。图5的广告窗格中的广告因此不同于图2中的那些广告。另外,可以基于用户和/或特定用户所进行的搜索历史所选择的任何概念来进一步限制、过滤或确定广告。可以记录或临时地保存用户的搜索历史以帮助确定要显示的、用户感兴趣的或与其相关的搜索结果、概念和/或广告。Additionally, referring back to FIGS. 2 and 5, the advertisements provided in the advertisement pane of the illustrated user interface vary as different window tabs are selected. For example, in Figure 2, the user selects the "Health" window tab, indicating that the user is a medical patient or a person interested in general health information. Advertisements in the advertisement pane are selected and displayed based on the selected window tab and search query. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the user selects the "Research" window tab, indicating that the user is a medical researcher, and thus, the user interface displays advertisements in the advertisement pane that may be of interest to medical researchers interested in the subject of the search query . The advertisements in the advertisement pane of FIG. 5 are thus different from those in FIG. 2 . In addition, advertisements may be further limited, filtered, or determined based on any concept selected by the user and/or the history of searches performed by a particular user. A user's search history may be recorded or temporarily saved to help determine search results, concepts and/or advertisements to display that are of interest to or relevant to the user.
可使用计算机系统来实现此处所描述的任何一个或多个方法或用户界面。示例性计算机系统包括处理器(例如,中央处理单元(CPU)、图形处理单元(GPU)或两者)、经由总线互相通信的主存储器和静态存储器。计算机系统还可以包括视频显示单元(例如,液晶显示器(LCD)或阴极射线管(CRT))。计算机系统还可以包括字母数字输入设备(例如,键盘)、用户界面(UI)导航设备(例如,鼠标)、盘驱动器单元、信号生成设备(例如,扬声器)和网络接口设备。在另一实施例中,此处所描述的方法或用户界面被实现在手持式或便携式计算设备上,包括能够连接到有线或无线计算机网络的任何设备。盘驱动器单元包括机器可读介质,其上存储有一组或多组具体化此处所描述的任何一种或多种方法或功能的指令(例如,软件)。在该软件由计算机系统执行期间,其还可以完全地或至少部分地驻留在主存储器和/或处理器中,主存储器和处理器也构成了机器可读介质。该软件还可以经由网络接口设备通过网络来发送和接收。A computer system can be used to implement any one or more of the methods or user interfaces described herein. An exemplary computer system includes a processor (eg, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or both), a main memory and a static memory in communication with each other via a bus. The computer system may also include a video display unit (eg, a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)). Computer systems may also include alphanumeric input devices (eg, keyboards), user interface (UI) navigation devices (eg, mice), disk drive units, signal generating devices (eg, speakers), and network interface devices. In another embodiment, the methods or user interfaces described herein are implemented on a handheld or portable computing device, including any device capable of connecting to a wired or wireless computer network. The disk drive unit includes a machine-readable medium having stored thereon one or more sets of instructions (eg, software) embodying any one or more of the methods or functions described herein. During execution by the computer system, the software may also reside completely or at least partially in the main memory and/or in the processor, which also constitute machine-readable media. The software can also be sent and received over a network via a network interface device.
还可使用任何其它计算机和/或数字信息处理系统来实现此处所描述的任何一种或多种方法、系统或设备。例如,在其它实施例中,计算机包括个人数字助理、无线或蜂窝电话、如等数字音乐播放器、或本领域技术人员公知的任何其它这种计算设备。Any other computer and/or digital information processing system may also be used to implement any one or more of the methods, systems or devices described herein. For example, in other embodiments, computers include personal digital assistants, wireless or cellular telephones, such as such as a digital music player, or any other such computing device known to those skilled in the art.
尽管机器可读介质在示例性实施例中被示为单个介质,但术语“机器可读介质”应被理解为包括存储一组或多组指令的单个介质或多个介质(例如,集中式或分布式数据库、和/或相关联的高速缓存和服务器)。术语“机器可读介质”还应被理解为包括能够存储、编码或承载一组供机器执行并使得该机器执行本发明的任何一种或多种方法的指令的任何介质。因而,术语“机器可读介质”应被理解为包括但不限于,固态存储器、光学或磁性介质、以及载波信号。Although the machine-readable medium is shown in exemplary embodiments as a single medium, the term "machine-readable medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed databases, and/or associated caches and servers). The term "machine-readable medium" should also be understood to include any medium capable of storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a machine and causing the machine to perform any one or more methods of the present invention. Thus, the term "machine-readable medium" should be understood to include, but is not limited to, solid-state memory, optical or magnetic media, and carrier signals.
虽然本发明是在某些优选实施例的上下文中公开的,但本领域技术人员可以理解,本发明超出具体公开的实施例,延及其它替换实施例和/或对本发明和其各种显而易见的修改和等效方案的使用。具体地,尽管此处的域知识辅助的信息处理系统和方法是在特别优选的实施例的上下文中描述的,但技术人员将理解,鉴于本发明的公开内容,可以用各种其它应用程序和软件系统来实现该信息通信系统、设备和方法的特定优点、特征和方面。另外,构想了所描述的本发明的各个方面和特征可被分开、组合在一起、或彼此替换地实现,以及可以做出特征和方面的、仍然落入本发明的范围的各种组合和子组合。Although the present invention has been disclosed in the context of certain preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or to the invention and its variations. Modifications and use of equivalent protocols. Specifically, although the domain-knowledge-assisted information processing systems and methods herein are described in the context of particularly preferred embodiments, skilled artisans will appreciate that, given the present disclosure, various other applications and software systems to implement certain advantages, features and aspects of the information and communication systems, apparatus and methods. In addition, it is contemplated that the various aspects and features of the invention described can be implemented separately, in combination, or as an alternative to each other, and that various combinations and subcombinations of features and aspects can be made while still falling within the scope of the invention. .
本领域技术人员将理解,信息和信号可以使用各种不同的技术和方法来表示。例如,以上说明书通篇引用的数据、指令、命令、信息、信号、比特、码元、和码片可由电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或磁性粒子、光场或光学粒子、或其任意组合来表示。Those of skill in the art would understand that information and signals may be represented using a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips referenced throughout the above specification may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof .
本领域技术人员还将理解,结合此处所公开的各实施例描述的各种说明性逻辑框、模块、电路和算法步骤可被实现为电子硬件、计算机软件、或两者的组合。为示出硬件和软件的可互换性,以上一般按其功能来描述各种说明性组件、框、模块、电路和步骤。这种功能被实现为硬件还是软件取决于在总体系统上所施加的特定应用和设计限制。技术人员能以各种不同的方式来实现关于每一特定应用所描述的功能,但这一实现决定不应被解释为造成对本发明的范围的背离。Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality for each particular application in varying ways, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
结合此处所公开的各实施例描述的各种说明性逻辑框、模块和电路可以用通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或晶体管逻辑、分立硬件组件或其任意组合来实现或执行。通用处理器可以是微处理器,但在替换方案中,该处理器可以是任何传统处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器还可被实现为计算设备的组合,例如DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、结合一个DSP核的一个或多个微处理器、或任何其它这种配置。The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
结合此处所公开的各实施例所描述的方法或算法的各个步骤可直接用硬件、由处理器执行的软件模块、或两者的组合来实现。软件模块可以驻留在RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动盘、CD-ROM、或本领域内公知的其它形式的存储介质中。存储介质被耦合到处理器,以便处理器可以从存储介质中读取信息或向其写入信息。在替换方案中,存储介质可被整合到处理器。处理器和存储介质可以驻留在ASIC中。ASIC可以驻留在用户终端中。处理器和存储介质可以作为分立组件而驻留在用户终端中。提供所公开的各实施例的先前描述以使得本领域技术人员能够做出或使用本发明。对这些实施例的各种修改对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,且此处所定义的一般原理可被应用于其它实施例而不背离本发明的精神或范围。因此,本发明只由所附权利要求书来限制。因此,此处所公开的本发明的范围旨在不应被上述所公开的具体实施例所限制,而只应通过对所附权利要求书的合宜阅读来确定。Each step of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be directly implemented by hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of both. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, CD-ROM, or other forms of storage media known in the art. A storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. The processor and storage medium may reside in the user terminal as discrete components. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is limited only by the appended claims. Therefore, it is intended that the scope of the present invention herein disclosed should not be limited by the particular embodiments disclosed above, but should be determined only by a fair reading of the appended claims.
图17示出根据本说明书的计算环境1700的示意性框图。系统1700包括一个或多个客户机1702。客户机1702可以是硬件和/或软件(例如,线程、进程、计算设备)。客户机1702可例如通过使用本说明书而容纳cookie和/或相关联的上下文信息。Figure 17 shows a schematic block diagram of a
系统1700还包括一个或多个服务器1704。服务器1704也可以是硬件和/或软件(例如,线程、进程、计算设备)。服务器1704可以例如通过使用本说明书来容纳线程以执行变换。在客户机1702和服务器1704之间的一种可能的通信能够以适合在两个或多个计算机进程之间传输的数据分组的形式进行。数据分组可包括例如cookie和/或相关联的上下文信息。系统1700包括可以用来使(诸)客户机1702和(诸)服务器1704之间通信更容易的通信框架1706(例如,诸如因特网等全球通信网络)。
通信可经由有线(包括光纤)和/或无线技术来促进。(诸)客户机1702操作上被连接到可以用来存储对(诸)客户机1702本地的信息(例如,cookie和/或相关联的上下文信息)的一个或多个客户机数据存储1708。同样地,(诸)服务器1704可在操作上连接到可以用来存储对(诸)服务器1704本地的信息的一个或多个服务器数据存储1710。Communication can be facilitated via wired (including optical fiber) and/or wireless technologies. Client(s) 1702 are operatively connected to one or more
图18示出了可用于执行所公开的体系结构的计算机的框图。为了向本说明书的各个方面提供附加上下文,图18及以下讨论旨在提供其中可实现本说明书各个方面的合适的计算环境1800的简要、概括描述。尽管本说明书以上是在可在一个或多个计算机上运行的计算机可执行指令的一般上下文中进行描述的,但是本领域的技术人员将认识到,本说明书也可结合其它程序模块和/或作为硬件和软件的组合来实现。Figure 18 shows a block diagram of a computer that can be used to implement the disclosed architecture. In order to provide additional context to various aspects of this specification, FIG. 18 and the following discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment 1800 in which various aspects of this specification may be implemented. Although the specification has been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions that run on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the specification can also be combined with other program modules and/or as A combination of hardware and software is implemented.
一般而言,程序模块包括执行特定任务或实现特定抽象数据类型的例程、程序、组件、数据结构等等。此外,本领域的技术人员可以理解,本发明的方法可用其它计算机系统配置来实施,包括单处理器或多处理器计算机系统、小型机、大型计算机、以及个人计算机、手持式计算设备、基于微处理器的或可编程消费电子产品等,其每一个都可操作上耦合到一个或多个相关联的设备。Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the methods of the present invention may be implemented with other computer system configurations, including single-processor or multi-processor computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and personal computers, handheld computing devices, microprocessor-based Processor's or programmable consumer electronics, etc., each operatively coupled to one or more associated devices.
所示的本说明书的各方面也可在其中某些任务由通过通信网络链接的远程处理设备来执行的分布式计算环境中实施。在分布式计算环境中,程序模块可以位于本地和远程存储器存储设备中。Aspects of the specification illustrated may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
计算机通常包括各种计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质可以是可由计算机访问的任一可用介质,并包括易失性和非易失性介质、可移动和不可移动介质。作为示例,而非限制,计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质和通信介质。计算机存储介质包括以用于存储诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据这样的信息的任何方法或技术来实现的易失性和非易失性、可移动和不可移动介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于,RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其它存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其它光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁存储设备、或可以用来储存所期望的信息并可由计算机访问的任一其它介质。Computers typically include various computer-readable media. Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer readable media may comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media includes volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media including, but not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cartridges, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or Any other medium that can be used to store desired information and that can be accessed by a computer.
通信介质通常以诸如载波或其它传输机制等已调制数据信号来体现计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据,且包含任何信息传递介质。术语“已调制数据信号”指的是其一个或多个特征以在信号中编码信息的方式被设定或更改的信号。作为示例而非限制,通信介质包括有线介质,诸如有线网络或直接线连接,以及无线介质,诸如声学、RF、红外线和其它无线介质。以上的任何组合也应包括在计算机可读介质的范围之内。Communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media. The term "modulated data signal" means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of any of the above should also be included within the scope of computer readable media.
在图18中,用于实现本说明书的各方面的示例环境1800包括计算机1802,计算机1802包括处理单元1804、系统存储器1806和系统总线1808。系统总线1808将包括但不限于系统存储器1806的系统组件耦合到处理单元1804。处理单元1804可以是各种市场上可购买到的处理器中的任意一种。双微处理器和其它多处理器体系结构也可用作处理单元1804。In FIG. 18 , an example environment 1800 for implementing aspects of the present description includes a computer 1802 that includes a processing unit 1804 , a system memory 1806 , and a system bus 1808 . System bus 1808 couples system components including but not limited to system memory 1806 to processing unit 1804 . The processing unit 1804 may be any one of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessors and other multiprocessor architectures can also be used as processing unit 1804 .
系统总线1808可以是若干种总线结构中的任一种,这些总线结构还可互连到存储器总线(带有或没有存储器控制器)、外围总线、以及使用各类市场上可购买到的总线体系结构中的任一种的局部总线。系统存储器1806包括只读存储器(ROM)1810和随机存取存储器(RAM)1812。基本输入/输出系统(BIOS)储存在诸如ROM、EPROM、EEPROM等非易失性存储器1810中,其中BIOS包含帮助诸如在启动期间在计算机1802内的元件之间传输信息的基本例程。RAM 1812还可包括诸如静态RAM等高速RAM用于高速缓存数据。The system bus 1808 can be any of several bus structures that can also interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and using various commercially available bus architectures. A local bus of any kind in the structure. System memory 1806 includes read only memory (ROM) 1810 and random access memory (RAM) 1812 . A Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is stored in non-volatile memory 1810 such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, etc., where the BIOS contains the basic routines that help transfer information between elements within the computer 1802, such as during start-up. RAM 1812 may also include high-speed RAM, such as static RAM, for caching data.
计算机1802还包括内置硬盘驱动器(HDD)1814(例如,EIDE、SATA),该内置硬盘驱动器1814还可被配置成在合适的机壳(未示出)中外部使用;磁软盘驱动器(FDD)1816(例如,从可移动磁盘1818中读取或向其写入);以及光盘驱动器1820(例如,从CD-ROM盘1822中读取,或从诸如DVD等高容量光学介质中读取或向其写入)。硬盘驱动器1814、磁盘驱动器1816和光盘驱动器1820可分别通过硬盘驱动器接口1824、磁盘驱动器接口1826和光盘驱动器接口1828连接到系统总线1808。用于外置驱动器实现的接口1824包括通用串行总线(USB)和IEEE 1394接口技术中的至少一种或两者。其它外置驱动器连接技术在本说明书所考虑的范围之内。The computer 1802 also includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD) 1814 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which can also be configured for external use in a suitable enclosure (not shown); a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1816 (for example, read from or write to removable disk 1818); and optical disk drive 1820 (for example, read from CD-ROM disk 1822, or read from or write to write). Hard disk drive 1814, magnetic disk drive 1816, and optical disk drive 1820 may be connected to system bus 1808 by hard disk drive interface 1824, magnetic disk drive interface 1826, and optical drive interface 1828, respectively. Interface 1824 for external drive implementation includes at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1394 interface technologies. Other external drive connection technologies are within the scope of this specification.
驱动器及其相关联的计算机可读介质提供了对数据、数据结构、计算机可执行指令等的非易失性存储。对于计算机1802,驱动器和介质容纳适当的数字格式的任何数据的存储。尽管以上对计算机可读介质的描述涉及HDD、可移动磁盘以及诸如CD或DVD等可移动光学介质,但是本领域的技术人员应当理解,示例操作环境中也可使用可由计算机读取的任何其它类型的介质,诸如zip驱动器、磁带盒、闪存卡、盒式磁带等等,并且任何这样的介质可包含用于执行本说明书的方法的计算机可执行指令。The drives and their associated computer-readable media provide non-volatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executable instructions, and the like. For the computer 1802, the drives and media accommodate the storage of any data in an appropriate digital format. Although the above description of computer-readable media refers to HDDs, removable magnetic disks, and removable optical media such as CDs or DVDs, those skilled in the art will understand that any other type of media that can be read by a computer may also be used in the example operating environment. media, such as zip drives, magnetic tape cartridges, flash memory cards, cassette tapes, etc., and any such media may contain computer-executable instructions for performing the methods of this specification.
多个程序模块可储存在驱动器和RAM 1812中,包括操作系统1830、一个或多个应用程序1832、其它程序模块1834和程序数据1836。所有或部分操作系统、应用程序、模块和/或数据也可被高速缓存在RAM 1812中。可以理解,本说明书可用各种市场上可购得的操作系统或操作系统的组合来实现。A number of program modules can be stored in drives and RAM 1812, including an operating system 1830, one or more application programs 1832, other program modules 1834, and program data 1836. All or portions of the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data may also be cached in RAM 1812. It can be understood that the description can be implemented with various commercially available operating systems or a combination of operating systems.
用户可以通过一个或多个有线/无线输入设备,例如键盘1838和诸如鼠标1840等定点设备将命令和信息输入到计算机1802中。其它输入设备(未示出)可包括话筒、IR遥控器、操纵杆、游戏手柄、指示笔、触摸屏等等。这些和其它输入设备通常通过耦合到系统总线1808的输入设备接口1842连接到处理单元1804,但也可通过其它接口连接,如并行端口、IEEEA user may enter commands and information into computer 1802 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, such as keyboard 1838 and pointing devices such as mouse 1840 . Other input devices (not shown) may include microphones, IR remotes, joysticks, game pads, stylus, touch screens, and the like. These and other input devices are typically connected to processing unit 1804 through input device interface 1842 coupled to system bus 1808, but may also be connected through other interfaces, such as parallel ports, IEEE
1394串行端口、游戏端口、USB端口、IR接口等等。1394 serial port, game port, USB port, IR port and more.
监视器1844或其它类型的显示设备也经由接口,诸如视频适配器1846连接至系统总线1808。除了监视器1844之外,计算机通常包括诸如扬声器和打印机等的其它外围输出设备(未示出)。A monitor 1844 or other type of display device is also connected to the system bus 1808 via an interface, such as a video adapter 1846 . In addition to monitor 1844, computers typically include other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers and a printer.
计算机1802可使用经由有线和/或无线通信至一个或多个远程计算机,诸如远程计算机1848的逻辑连接在网络化环境中操作。远程计算机1848可以是工作站、服务器计算机、路由器、个人计算机、便携式计算机、基于微处理器的娱乐设备、对等设备或其它常见的网络节点,并且通常包括以上相对于计算机1802描述的许多或所有元件,尽管为简明起见仅示出了存储器/存储设备1850。所描绘的逻辑连接包括到局域网(LAN)1852和/或例如广域网(WAN)1854等更大的网络的有线/无线连接。这一LAN和WAN联网环境常见于办公室和公司,并且方便了诸如内联网等企业范围计算机网络,所有这些都可连接到例如因特网等全球通信网络。Computer 1802 may operate in a networked environment using logical connections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or more remote computers, such as remote computer 1848 . Remote computer 1848 may be a workstation, server computer, router, personal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainment device, peer-to-peer device, or other common network node, and typically includes many or all of the elements described above with respect to computer 1802 , although only memory/storage 1850 is shown for simplicity. Logical connections depicted include wired/wireless connections to local area network (LAN) 1852 and/or larger networks such as wide area network (WAN) 1854 . Such LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and corporations, and facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as Intranets, all connectable to a global communications network, such as the Internet.
当在LAN网络环境中使用时,计算机1802通过有线和/或无线通信网络接口或适配器1856连接到局域网1852。适配器1856可以方便到LAN1852的有线或无线通信,并且还可包括其上设置的用于与无线适配器1856通信的无线接入点。When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1802 is connected to a local area network 1852 through a wired and/or wireless communication network interface or adapter 1856 . Adapter 1856 may facilitate wired or wireless communication to LAN 1852 and may also include a wireless access point disposed thereon for communicating with wireless adapter 1856 .
当在WAN网络环境中使用时,计算机1802可包括调制解调器1858,或连接到WAN 1854上的通信服务器,或具有用于通过WAN 454,诸如通过因特网建立通信的其它装置。或为内置或为外置以及有线或无线设备的调制解调器1858经由串行端口接口1842连接到系统总线1808。在网络化环境中,相对于计算机1802所描述的程序模块或其部分可以存储在远程存储器/存储设备1850中。应该理解,所示网络连接是示例,并且可以使用在计算机之间建立通信链路的其它手段。When used in a WAN network environment, the computer 1802 may include a modem 1858, or be connected to a communication server over the WAN 1854, or have other means for establishing communications over the WAN 454, such as through the Internet. Modem 1858 , either internal or external and wired or wireless device, is connected to system bus 1808 via serial port interface 1842 . In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1802 , or portions thereof, may be stored in the remote memory/storage device 1850 . It is to be understood that the network connections shown are examples and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers may be used.
计算机1802可用于与操作上设置在无线通信中的任何无线设备或实体通信,这些设备或实体例如有打印机、扫描仪、台式和/或便携式计算机、便携式数据助理、通信卫星、与无线可检测标签相关联的任何一个设备或位置(例如,公用电话亭、报亭、休息室)以及电话。这至少包括Wi-Fi和蓝牙TM无线技术。由此,通信可以如对于常规网络那样是预定义结构,或者仅仅是至少两个设备之间的自组织(ad hoc)通信。The computer 1802 can be used to communicate with any wireless device or entity operatively placed in wireless communication, such as printers, scanners, desktop and/or portable computers, portable data assistants, communication satellites, and wireless detectable tags Any associated device or location (eg, kiosk, kiosk, break room) and telephone. This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth TM wireless technologies. Thereby, the communication can be a predefined structure as for a conventional network, or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.
Wi-Fi,即无线保真,允许从家里沙发、酒店房间的床上或工作的会议室连接到因特网而不需要线缆。Wi-Fi是一种类似蜂窝电话中使用的无线技术,它使得诸如计算机等设备能够在室内和室外,在基站范围内的任何地方发送和接收数据。Wi-Fi网络使用称为IEEE 802.11(a、b、g等等)的无线电技术来提供安全、可靠、快速的无线连接。Wi-Fi网络可用于将计算机彼此连接、连接到因特网以及连接到有线网络(使用IEEE 802.3或以太网)。Wi-Fi网络在未许可的2.4和5GHz无线电波段内工作,例如以11Mbps(802.11a)或54Mbps(802.11b)数据速率工作,或者具有包含两个波段(双波段)的产品,因此该网络可提供类似于许多办公室中使用的基本10BaseT有线以太网的真实性能。Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connections to the Internet from the couch at home, bed in a hotel room, or conference room at work without cables. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology like that used in cellular phones that enables devices such as computers to send and receive data, indoors and outdoors, anywhere within range of a base station. Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies known as IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, and fast wireless connections. Wi-Fi networks can be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to wired networks (using IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networks operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5GHz radio bands, such as at 11Mbps (802.11a) or 54Mbps (802.11b) data rates, or have products that include both bands (dual-band), so the network can Provides real-world performance similar to basic 10BaseT wired Ethernet used in many offices.
以上所已经描述的内容包括所要求保护的主题的各方面的例子。当然,出于描绘所要求保护的主题的目的而描述组件或方法的每一个可以想到的组合是不可能的,但本领域内的普通技术人员应该认识到,所要求保护的主题的许多其他组合和排列都是可能的。因此,所要求保护的主题旨在涵盖所有这些落入所附权利要求书的精神和范围内的更改、修改和变型。此外,就在说明书或权利要求书中使用术语“包括”而言,这一术语旨在以与术语“包含”在用作权利要求中的过渡词时所解释的相似的方式为包含性的。What has been described above includes examples of various aspects of the claimed subject matter. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of delineating the claimed subject matter, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that many other combinations of the claimed subject matter and permutations are possible. Accordingly, the claimed subject matter is intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "comprises" is used in the specification or claims, this term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to how the term "comprises" is interpreted when used as a transition in a claim.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104541273A (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2015-04-22 | 微软公司 | Social relevance to infer information about points of interest |
| CN104541273B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2019-06-04 | 微软技术许可有限责任公司 | Infer the socially relevant property of the information about point of interest |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA200808810B (en) | 2010-03-31 |
| CN101473297A (en) | 2009-07-01 |
| BRPI0711404A2 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
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