CN101555841A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101555841A CN101555841A CNA2009101343239A CN200910134323A CN101555841A CN 101555841 A CN101555841 A CN 101555841A CN A2009101343239 A CNA2009101343239 A CN A2009101343239A CN 200910134323 A CN200910134323 A CN 200910134323A CN 101555841 A CN101555841 A CN 101555841A
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 308
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (10) which is characterized in that at least one nitrogen supply device (44) for supplying nitrogen and at least one nitrogen inlet (26 a-26 d; 42 a-42 f) for supplying a nitrogen mass flow into the combustion air are provided, said nitrogen inlet being connected to the nitrogen supply device (44). The nitrogen oxide emissions of the internal combustion engine (10) can be effectively reduced by feeding nitrogen into the combustion air. The system may be particularly advantageously applied in large diesel engines operating with heavy oil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine and especially can advantageously be applied in the large-scale diesel engine such as marine diesel engine of heavy oil operation.
Background technique
Even the nitrogen oxides that allows in marine diesel engine (NOx) emission limit set value is also constantly descending.Therefore need the solution of the minimizing internal-combustion engine nitrogen oxides emission that also can finally in large-scale diesel engine, use.
The various solutions that are used to reduce nitrogen oxides emission have been known by auto industry field, but they usually all can not directly be migrated on the large-scale diesel engine.
For example DE4319294C1 and DE102004054449A1 have described a kind of internal-combustion engine respectively, and this internal-combustion engine has nitrogen oxides and stores catalyst converter or nox adsorber in its waste gas system, be used for removing nitrogen oxides from exhaust flow.For these exhaust-gas cleanings of regenerating, various measure has been proposed in these documents.
Replace reducing the nitrogen oxides that produces when burning in the exhaust flow, bigger target is to produce nitrogen oxides still less in combustion process itself.Verified this can be supplied with by minimizing oxygen in cylinder and realize.This pass ties up among Fig. 1 and schematically illustrates, and wherein the nitrogen oxides emission amount of internal-combustion engine marks with respect to the oxygen concentration in the cylinder, and wherein at the oxygen concentration in the ambient air, the nitrogen oxides emission with 100% is set at basic value.Can see, before the internal-combustion engine and the minimizing that reduces to cause the NOx concentration in the waste gas of the oxygen concentration in the cylinder thus.
This minimizing of oxygen supply and thus the minimizing of nitrogen oxides emission for example can realize that this internal-combustion engine disposes the AGR cooling unit usually by the exhaust gas recirculation (AGR) of waste gas system in the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine.The exhaust gas recirculation of being cooled off is a kind of very effective method that reduces the nitrogen oxides emission in the diesel engine for automobile.
The large-scale diesel engine of heavy oil driving also can move with the AGR of cooling in principle, and it for example causes about nitrogen oxides of 35% to 40% to reduce under about 10% AGR ratio situation.But in the case because high sulphur, particle and ash content in the waste gas of recirculation just cause a large amount of dirty and corrosion or erosion infringement in the extremely short time.The waste gas that is recycled before being input to cylinder neither success with being tested to so far of cleaning of particulate filter, waste gas sieve or analog.
In the motorcar engine of high speed operation, AGR is corresponding to main use and the purge pressure reduction work to bear under the small-power of internal-combustion engine of the circulation of travelling, and promptly the exhaust gas pressure before the turbine of waste gas vortex supercharger is greater than the charge-air pressure of internal-combustion engine.But high-powerly in big-block engine in circulation, occupy main status.But under high-power,, therefore make exhaust gas recirculation become difficult owing in heavy oil engine, require low part temperatures and positive purge pressure reduction.
From prior art, also know,, in the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine, air gas separation unit is set and replaces exhaust gas recirculation in order to lower nitrogen oxides emission.As at document DE10233182A1, described in DE102004041263A1 and the US6173567B1, air gas separation unit is arranged on the downstream of charger-air cooler and is arranged on the downstream of air cleaner in case of necessity in gas handling system, this air gas separation unit is separated into the ambient air that sucks the part stream of nitrogen content of oxygen content with reduction or raising and the part stream with oxygen content of raising.Part stream with nitrogen content of raising is fed into the cylinder of internal-combustion engine as combustion air, and another part stream with oxygen content of raising is discharged in the environment once more.Combustion air with nitrogen content of raising can be implemented in the low combustion temperature of application in the cylinder, consequently forms less nitrogen oxides in burning.In DE102004049218A1, this air-separating plant and an Exhaust gas recirculation device are provided with in combination, and they can be controlled independently of each other.
But air-separating plant is set in the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine can produces higher flow resistance, so the compressor of exhaust-gas turbocharger must provide bigger power combustion air.This especially is disadvantageous in large-scale diesel engine.In this external this air gas separation unit, it is arranged in the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine, and the nitrogen content in the combustion air can not directly be controlled, and this for example also is disadvantageous under low-load under some operating modes of internal-combustion engine.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention provides a kind of method that is used to reduce the nitrogen oxides emission of internal-combustion engine, and this method also can be applied to large-scale diesel engine.
This task solves by a kind of internal-combustion engine and a kind of method with feature of claim 13 with feature of claim 1.Advantageous embodiments of the present invention and expansion scheme are the themes of dependent claims.
Have the nitrogen supplier and at least one nitrogen inlet that is used for supplying with to combustion air nitrogen that at least one is used for providing nitrogen according to boosting internal combustion engine of the present invention, this nitrogen inlet is connected with the nitrogen supplier.
Can supply with the nitrogen mass flow thus in combustion air in internal-combustion engine of the present invention, this nitrogen mass flow is provided by the nitrogen supplier, especially produces in the nitrogen gas generation device.Because this nitrogen supplier is not to be integrated in the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine, as for example starting described air gas separation unit of the prior art, so the flow resistance of combustion air not have rising and can regulate nitrogen content in the combustion air neatly.By higher nitrogen ratios in combustion air or lower oxygen proportion, can reduce the nitrogen oxides emission of internal-combustion engine, as in the back in greater detail as shown in Fig. 2 so, wherein marked nitrogen oxides emission with respect to the additional nitrogen that with the fuel mass is basis of reference.
If in combustion air, supplied with a kind of purer gas of cleaning by the nitrogen supplier, to advantageously produce seldom dirty and corrosion and damage and erosion damage so, this dirty and damage and in the large-scale diesel engine of heavy oil operation, can cause by exhaust gas recirculation.Different with AGR, can simply, fast and accurately implement control or adjusting that nitrogen is supplied with.Can in having and do not have the existing internal-combustion engine of AGR, install additional on no problem ground according to nitrogen supply system of the present invention in addition.
Term " nitrogen supplier " not only is interpreted as the nitrogen supplier that is used for for example being produced by ambient air nitrogen at this moment, and be interpreted as and be used for ambient air is separated into the device that increases the air of rich air and nitrogen poorness with nitrogen, especially also be the nitrogen storage device, this nitrogen storage device provides the nitrogen of previous generation, for example directly from being used for the storage of gaseous nitrogen, perhaps the liquid nitrogen that is stored by evaporation indirectly provides nitrogen.
In the design proposal of the internal-combustion engine with one-level supercharging, nitrogen inlet can be arranged on the upstream and/or the downstream of compressor.
Internal-combustion engine with two-stage supercharging provides additional degrees of freedom.For example nitrogen inlet can be arranged on first compressor the upstream, be arranged between first compressor and second compressor and/or be arranged on the downstream of second compressor.
Alternatively or additionally also nitrogen inlet directly can be arranged on the upstream of cylinder of internal-combustion engine, especially directly be arranged on the cylinder of internal-combustion engine.
In one embodiment of the invention, at least one nitrogen inlet is connected with the nitrogen supplier by nitrogen pipeline, is furnished with control or modulating valve in this nitrogen pipeline, is used for controlling or regulating the nitrogen mass flow that enters combustion air.
That in another embodiment of the present invention, can also advantageously utilize the nitrogen gas generation device increases rich " waste gas " with oxygen.The gas handling system of internal-combustion engine has at least one in addition and is used for supplying with the air inlet that increases rich air with oxygen to combustion air for this reason, and this air inlet also is connected with the nitrogen supplier.
Can selectively be configured between waste gas system and gas handling system, to have or do not have gas recirculation system according to this internal-combustion engine of the present invention.
The nitrogen mass flow can be controlled or regulate by electric control device, and this electric control device for example is the constituent element of the engine controlling unit of internal-combustion engine, but also can be independent control gear.The charge-air pressure of power, fuel injection amount and/or the rotating speed of internal-combustion engine, one or more compressors, the nitrogen pressure of nitrogen supplier and/or the nitrogen oxides amount of nitrogen amount and/or permission can be imported this electric control device as measurement parameter, on its basis, for example control or regulate the control of the nitrogen quality of supplying with in the combustion air of subtend internal-combustion engine by means of characteristic curve.Therefore for example in marine diesel engine, can on high sea or off-lying sea, reduce the nitrogen mass flow of supplying with, in inshore or coastwise because lower NOx limits value then improves the nitrogen mass flow.Can regulate control or the modulating valve in the nitrogen pipeline for this reason or in the nitrogen supplier, change and produce speed.
Especially under the situation of higher nitrogen mass flow, can advantageously improve jet pressure, especially improve pressure-accumulating tube pressure.Can implement the back equally in this case sprays.Adjust pressurized air and also can be favourable this and for example can realize that this supercharging group has one or more compressors, has variable eddy current geometrical construction and/or wastegate by supercharging group flexibly.Alternatively or additionally, can according to the nitrogen mass flow of supplying with or therewith the minimizing of relevant NOx in compressor characteristic curve, change the operation point of internal-combustion engine, wherein roughly be to be undertaken by the reflux valve that opens or closes between pressurized air and the exhaust gas side.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are by providing in dependent claims and the following description of preferred embodiments.
Description of drawings
Part schematically illustrates in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is at the nitrogen oxides emission figure that operates to ambient air under the basis of reference with respect to the oxygen content of combustion air according to the internal-combustion engine of one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 2 be according to the internal-combustion engine of one embodiment of the present of invention operate under the standard with ambient air or under demarcating with respect to the additional nitrogen oxides emission figure that infeeds the nitrogen quantity in the combustion air;
Fig. 3 is the schematic representation according to one the first embodiment's of the present invention internal-combustion engine with one-level supercharging;
Fig. 4 is a nitrogen gas generation schematic representation of apparatus that can be applied to internal-combustion engine of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic representation according to one the second embodiment's of the present invention internal-combustion engine with two-stage supercharging.
Embodiment
The present invention is based on such understanding, promptly the nitrogen oxides emission of internal-combustion engine can reduce by the less oxygen content in the combustion air.
In Fig. 1, what mark on the transverse axis is the oxygen content of representing with mass percent, and what mark on the longitudinal axis is the nitrogen oxides emission of the internal-combustion engine represented with percentage.At about 23.3% oxygen content (ambient air) nitrogen oxides emission is demarcated this moment and be (or claiming to be standardized as) 100%.
For example the oxygen content in the combustion air can be reduced to by common exhaust gas recirculation and to be approximately 22.3%, nitrogen oxides emission can be reduced to about 70% thus.
As described in starting,, therefore in one embodiment of the invention, be supplied to the pressurized air that increases richness with nitrogen in the cylinder of internal-combustion engine because exhaust gas recirculation is not no problem under the large-scale diesel engine situation of heavy oil operation.
Marked the additional nitrogen part with respect to fuel mass that combustion air is represented with percentage in Fig. 2 on transverse axis, this additional nitrogen part can be regulated by input nitrogen for this reason.What mark on the longitudinal axis is the nitrogen oxides emission of internal-combustion engine, and demarcate nitrogen oxides emission at the combustion air that adds nitrogen part (0%) this moment is 1.0.As from Fig. 2, can seeing, by being about as much as the additional nitrogen mass flow of fuel consumption (promptly 100%), nitrogen oxides emission can be reduced approximately 25%, promptly reduce to about 0.75.
The internal measure of binding engine, for example M, the compression or the like that raises are supplied with nitrogen by described below in the combustion air of internal-combustion engine, can consume with respect to internal-combustion engine (fuel) now neutrally nitrogen oxides is reduced 50% to more than.For the internal-combustion engine with two-stage supercharging, the minimizing of nitrogen oxides emission can reach and be higher than 65% value.
Referring to Fig. 3 and 4, describe first embodiment of internal-combustion engine now in detail.
Internal-combustion engine 10 comprises a plurality of cylinder 12 and a gas handling system 16 and waste gas systems 14 that the waste gas that is used for forming in burning is discharged from cylinder that are used for combustion air is supplied to cylinder 12 with corresponding firing chamber.This embodiment's internal-combustion engine 10 designs have one-level supercharging group.
Exhaust-gas turbocharger 18 have in known manner being used in gas handling system of being arranged in 16 compress supply cylinder combustion air compressor 20 and be arranged in the turbine 22 of waste gas system 14, this turbine is driven by the exhaust flow from cylinder 12 and joins with compressor 20 couplings.Downstream (right side among Fig. 3) at compressor 20 is provided with a charger-air cooler 24 that is arranged in the gas handling system.
In the combustion air of internal-combustion engine 10, infeed a nitrogen mass flow.Can on different positions, implement infeeding of nitrogen mass flow herein by corresponding nitrogen inlet 26.
For example can be in the gas handling system 16 of internal-combustion engine a nitrogen inlet 26a be set in the upstream of the compressor 20 of exhaust-gas turbocharger 18.Additionally or alternatively, can a nitrogen inlet 26b be set in the upstream of the downstream of the machine 20 that contracts and charger-air cooler 24 and/or a nitrogen inlet 26c is set in the downstream of charger-air cooler 24 in gas handling system 16.Especially when internal-combustion engine 10 having been proposed higher requirement of inserting about load, additionally or alternatively, it also is favourable directly supplying with nitrogen or nitrogen is directly infeeded cylinder 12 (not shown)s by nitrogen inlet 26d in the upstream of cylinder 12.
The described nitrogen inlet 26 that is used for the nitrogen mass flow is infeeded the combustion air of internal-combustion engine 10 or pressurized air not only can be individually but also can be arranged with Multiple Combination arbitrarily.
Each nitrogen inlet 26 is that the nitrogen supplier of nitrogen gas generation device 44 is connected by nitrogen pipeline 52 and form.As shown in Figure 4, infeeded ambient air 46 in the nitrogen gas generation device 44, this ambient air is separated in nitrogen gas generation device 44 with nitrogen and increases rich first portion's stream 48 and increase rich second portion stream 50 with oxygen.This separation process can for example be implemented by means of membrane technology or pressure conversion absorption techniques, and the present invention simultaneously is not limited to certain specific nitrogen gas generation device.According to the difference of the performance of nitrogen gas generation device 44, can reach up to the pressure that are higher than 500 crust and almost arbitrarily delivered volume flow.Especially often had operational nitrogen gas generation device or nitrogen storage device in manufacturing mechanism or on the boats and ships.
When increasing rich first portion's stream (nitrogen mass flow) 48 with nitrogen and be fed to the one or more nitrogen inlet 26 of internal-combustion engine 10 by nitrogen pipeline 52, as mentioned above, second portion stream 50 for example is discharged in the environment again.But in one embodiment of the invention, this part stream 50 with high oxygen part also can collect, be compressed in case of necessity and be fed in the pressurized air of internal-combustion engine by the one or more corresponding oxygen intake (not shown) in the gas handling system 16 when needed or directly infeed cylinder 12.Increasing rich part stream with oxygen also can directly be directed on the compressor impeller of compressor 20 when needed.Compressor is accelerated (jet is auxiliary) by this part stream.This moment of pressurized air, higher oxygen part or make the fume emission of internal-combustion engine 10 less go wrong between the load access periods perhaps allowed the access of loading more accurately.Can infeed in this external low-load or the accelerating process with oxygen and increase rich gas 50.
As shown in Figure 4, with in nitrogen inlet 26 and the nitrogen pipeline 52 that nitrogen gas generation device 44 is connected control or modulating valve 54 are being set preferably, it is used for controlling or regulating the nitrogen mass flow of the combustion air that enters internal-combustion engine 10.Like this, can simply, fast and accurately regulate nitrogen content in the combustion air.If a plurality of nitrogen inlets 26 are set, they respectively are connected with nitrogen gas generation device 44 by a nitrogen pipeline 53, then each nitrogen pipeline 52 can dispose control or modulating valve 54, and perhaps a plurality of or all nitrogen pipelines 52 are controlled by central authorities' control or modulating valve.
The constituent element of this electric control device or engine controlling unit (not shown) or independent control gear are carried out in control or adjusting to the nitrogen mass flow in the combustion air that enters internal-combustion engine by the electric control device (not shown).The relevant measurement parameter that is used for this control gear is discharge pressure and delivered volume or similar parameters or the like of engine power, fuel injection amount, rotating speed, charge-air pressure, nitrogen mass flow.
The nitrogen amount of carrying is controlled in motor characteristic curve in this wise, makes it adjust the minimizing of the nitrogen oxides emission of hope.The high slip of high nitrogen mass flow and nitrogen oxides emission needs to take the measure that adds in case of necessity.For example may need higher pressure-accumulating tube pressure or back to spray, so that overcome the flue gas value of rising.For the matched with pressurization air, may need to have the supercharging group flexibly of changeable turbine geometrical construction or wastegate in case of necessity.In addition, can between gas handling system and waste gas system, arrange a reflux valve or eduction valve (Umblaseventil), so as can be in compressor characteristic curve the operation point (not shown) of mobile internal-combustion engine.
Different with the method that reduces oxygen content by means of exhaust gas recirculation, the nitrogen mass flow of controlling or regulating in the combustion air that enters internal-combustion engine 10 with said structure is very simple.When load inserted, the supply of nitrogen can be interrupted or be reduced in addition very apace.Because nitrogen gas generation device 44 can provide the very high volume flow and the pressure of pure nitrogen gas, therefore do not need to be used to improve any independent device of boost pressure or cleaning pressurized air yet.
In addition, adopt " the multistage limits value " that internal-combustion engine of the present invention also can no problem ground regulation nitrogen oxides emission.Can stipulate lower nitrogen limits value when for example using in the large-scale diesel engine on the boats and ships of coastal waters, and on high sea, only should be noted that higher limits value.
Below describe second embodiment of internal-combustion engine of the present invention in detail referring to Fig. 5.Wherein identical parts are represented with identical label.
This embodiment's internal-combustion engine is furnished with two-stage supercharging, and it comprises first exhaust-gas turbocharger 28 and second exhaust-gas turbocharger 29, as shown in Figure 5.First exhaust-gas turbocharger (low pressure turbocharger) 28 is included in first compressor 30 in the gas handling system 16 of internal combustion machine 10 and first turbine 32 in the waste gas system 14 of internal-combustion engine 10, and they interconnect in known manner.Downstream at first compressor 30 of first exhaust-gas turbocharger 28 is provided with one first charger-air cooler 34 in gas handling system 16.Second exhaust-gas turbocharger (high pressure turbocharger) 29 is included in the gas handling system 14 of internal combustion machine 10 similarly at second compressor 36 of first charger-air cooler, 34 upstreams and second turbine 38 in the waste gas system 14 at internal-combustion engine 10, and they also interconnect.Downstream at second compressor 36 of second exhaust-gas turbocharger 29 is provided with one second charger-air cooler 40 in gas handling system.Also can cancel at first charger-air cooler 34 in the downstream of first compressor 30 of first exhaust-gas turbocharger 28 and/or at second charger-air cooler 40 in the downstream of second compressor 36 of second exhaust-gas turbocharger 29.
As among above-mentioned first embodiment, infeeded the nitrogen mass flow by one or more nitrogen inlets 42 in the combustion air of this internal-combustion engine 10, so that reduce nitrogen oxides emission.
Nitrogen inlet 42a for example can be arranged on the upstream of first compressor 30 of first exhaust-gas turbocharger 28 in the gas handling system 16 of internal-combustion engine 10.Additionally or alternatively, can between first compressor 30 and first charger-air cooler 34, a nitrogen inlet 42b be set, between second compressor 36 of first charger-air cooler 34 and second exhaust-gas turbocharger 29, a nitrogen inlet 42c is set, between second compressor 36 and second charger-air cooler 40, a nitrogen inlet 42d is set, and/or in gas handling system 16, a nitrogen inlet 42e is set in second charger-air cooler, 40 downstreams.Especially when internal-combustion engine 10 has been proposed about load insert require especially the time, additionally or alternatively, directly in the upstream of cylinder 12 by nitrogen inlet 42f supply with nitrogen or with nitrogen directly infeed cylinder 12 (not shown)s also be it is contemplated that and be favourable.
In this embodiment, the nitrogen inlet 42 that is used for the nitrogen mass flow is infeeded the combustion air of internal-combustion engine 10 or pressurized air also not only can be individually but also can be arranged with Multiple Combination arbitrarily.
Each nitrogen inlet 42 is connected with nitrogen gas generation device 44 by the nitrogen pipeline 52 that wherein preferably is provided with control or modulating valve 54 as in the above-described embodiments.Therefore this nitrogen gas generation device 44 does not repeat the description to it herein corresponding to the nitrogen gas generation device among first embodiment.
Certainly also can be similar to the above-described mode second portion stream 50 of oxygen content that additionally utilized raising in this embodiment with nitrogen gas generation device 44.
Utilization can realize effect and the advantage identical with above-mentioned first embodiment with reference to the structure of the internal-combustion engine 10 of Fig. 5 description.Therefore do not do the description of repetition.But because multistage supercharging has advantageously improved flexibility, the especially selection that the position is set of nitrogen inlet, or to the pressure of nitrogen mass flow and the control of input.
Abovely describe the present invention in detail according to preferred embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing.The embodiment shown in but the present invention is not limited to naturally, but the professional workforce can recognize many kinds of modification, these modification are in protection scope of the present invention, as it limiting in the appended claims.
For example above-mentioned suggestion owing to reduce in the equipment that the solution of the nitrogen oxides emission of internal-combustion engine also can be applied to exist no problem, that is existing internal-combustion engine can remilitarize under certain edge condition simply.
Above-mentioned first embodiment shows a kind of internal-combustion engine and above-mentioned second embodiment with one-level supercharging and shows a kind of internal-combustion engine with two-stage supercharging.The present invention also can be applied to have internal-combustion engine more than two compression/booster stages in existing corresponding mode in principle.
In the above-described embodiments, the supercharging group of internal-combustion engine 10 respectively has compressor 20 or 30, and they are constituent elements of exhaust- gas turbocharger 18 or 28,29.Alternatively, can certainly use the compressor of other type to be used for the internal-combustion engine 10 of supercharging.
Though internal-combustion engine 10 in the above-described embodiments is designed to always do not have gas recirculation system between waste gas system 14 and gas handling system 16, the present invention also can be applied to have in the internal-combustion engine of exhaust gas recirculation naturally in an identical manner.
The present invention is preferably applied to especially use the large-scale diesel engine of heavy oil operation, as the large-scale diesel engine that for example uses on boats and ships.But the present invention also can be applied to other internal-combustion engine naturally.
Claims (17)
1. supercharged engine (10), especially large-scale diesel engine or marine diesel engine, it is characterized in that, be provided with the nitrogen supplier that at least one is used to provide nitrogen, in particular for nitrogen gas generation device (44) that produces nitrogen and/or the nitrogen storage device that is used to emit the nitrogen that is stored; Be provided with the nitrogen inlet (26a-26d that at least one is used for supplying with to the combustion air of internal-combustion engine nitrogen; 42a-42f), this nitrogen inlet is connected with nitrogen supplier (44).
2. according to the described internal-combustion engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that internal-combustion engine (10) has the compressor (20 at least one gas handling system at internal-combustion engine (16); 30,36); And at least one nitrogen inlet (26a; 42a-42f) be arranged in this compressor (20; 30,36) upstream.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described internal-combustion engines, it is characterized in that internal-combustion engine (10) has the compressor (20 at least one gas handling system at internal-combustion engine (16); 30,36); And at least one nitrogen inlet (26b-26d; 42a-42f) be arranged in this compressor (20; 30,36) downstream.
4. according to the described internal-combustion engine of claim 3, it is characterized in that internal-combustion engine (10) has the charger-air cooler (24 at least one gas handling system at internal-combustion engine (16); 34,40), this charger-air cooler is arranged in compressor (20; 30,36) downstream; And at least one nitrogen inlet (26a, 26b; 42a-42d) be arranged in this charger-air cooler (24; 34,40) upstream.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described internal-combustion engines, it is characterized in that internal-combustion engine (10) has the charger-air cooler (24 at least one gas handling system at internal-combustion engine (16); 34,40), this charger-air cooler is arranged in compressor (20; 30,36) downstream; And at least one nitrogen inlet (26c, 26d; 42c-42f) be arranged in this charger-air cooler (24; 34,40) upstream.
6. according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that internal-combustion engine (10) has one first compressor (30) and second compressor (36) in this first compressor (30) downstream in the gas handling system (16) at internal-combustion engine; Be arranged in the upstream of this first compressor (30) with at least one nitrogen inlet (46a); And/or at least one nitrogen inlet (46b 42c) is arranged in the downstream of this first compressor (30) and the upstream of this second compressor (36); And/or at least one nitrogen inlet (46d-42f) is arranged in the downstream of this second compressor (36).
7. according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that at least one nitrogen inlet (26d; 42f) compressor (20 in the end; 36) be arranged in the upstream of a cylinder (12) of internal-combustion engine (10) afterwards.
8. according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that a nitrogen inlet is arranged on the cylinder (12) of internal-combustion engine (10).
9. according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that nitrogen inlet (26a-26d; 42a-42f) be connected with nitrogen supplier (44), in this nitrogen pipeline (52), be furnished with control or modulating valve (54), be used for control or regulate entering described at least one nitrogen inlet (26a-26d by nitrogen pipeline (52); Nitrogen mass flow 42a-42f).
10. according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that the gas handling system of internal-combustion engine (16) has at least one air inlet that is used for supplying with to combustion air oxygen-enriched air, this air inlet also is connected with nitrogen supplier (44).
11., it is characterized in that this internal-combustion engine (10) is configured to do not have gas recirculation system between waste gas system (14) and gas handling system (16) according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the aforementioned claim.
12., it is characterized in that this internal-combustion engine (10) has the gas recirculation system between waste gas system (14) and gas handling system (16) according to described internal-combustion engine one of in the claim 1 to 10.
13. be used for controlling method, it is characterized in that supply with the nitrogen mass flow in the combustion air of internal-combustion engine (10), this nitrogen mass flow produces in nitrogen supplier (44) according to the operation of the described supercharged engine of one of aforementioned claim.
14. in accordance with the method for claim 13, it is characterized in that, by the supply of control or modulating valve (54) control or the nitrogen mass flow of adjusting in the combustion air of internal-combustion engine (10).
15., it is characterized in that supply with nitrogen and increase rich air mass flow, this air mass flow especially also is generation in nitrogen supplier (44) according to described method one of in the claim 13 to 14 in the combustion air of internal-combustion engine (10).
16. according to described method one of in the claim 13 to 15, it is characterized in that, described nitrogen mass flow is fed in the combustion air of internal-combustion engine (10) according to the nitrogen oxides amount of charge-air pressure, nitrogen pressure, nitrogen amount and/or the permission of the power of internal-combustion engine, fuel injection amount, rotating speed, compressor.
17., it is characterized in that according to described method one of in the claim 13 to 16, change jet pressure according to the nitrogen mass flow of supplying with, implement the back and spray, change boost pressure and/or in compressor characteristic curve, change the operation point of internal-combustion engine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008018522A DE102008018522A1 (en) | 2008-04-12 | 2008-04-12 | Supercharged internal-combustion engine i.e. large- or marine diesel engine, has nitrogen inlets for supplying nitrogen into combustion air for engine and connected with nitrogen supplying device |
| DE102008018522.1 | 2008-04-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101555841A true CN101555841A (en) | 2009-10-14 |
Family
ID=40510294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009101343239A Pending CN101555841A (en) | 2008-04-12 | 2009-04-10 | Internal combustion engine |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2009257317A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101555841A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102008018522A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI20095296A7 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102383982A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-03-21 | 天津大学 | Engine double-effect air inlet system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010018703A1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Messer Group Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine |
| US9387438B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2016-07-12 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Modular system for reduction of sulphur oxides in exhaust |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH073006Y2 (en) * | 1987-09-08 | 1995-01-30 | 日産ディーゼル工業株式会社 | Internal combustion engine intake system |
| JPH03118238U (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-12-06 | ||
| DE4319294C1 (en) | 1993-06-10 | 1994-05-19 | Daimler Benz Ag | Denitrification of engine exhaust gas without adding reducing agent - by adsorption in adsorber in exhaust pipe, periodic desorption with hot gas and recirculation to combustion in suction air supply |
| JPH08254161A (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1996-10-01 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Supercharging type internal combustion engine |
| DE19943132A1 (en) * | 1998-09-11 | 2000-03-30 | Caterpillar Inc | Airflow management system for IC engine has separating device inside inlet air system for separating specified part of inlet air into flows of oxygen-enriched and nitrogen-enriched air |
| US6173567B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2001-01-16 | The University Of Chicago | Method to reduce diesel engine exhaust emissions |
| JP3504914B2 (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2004-03-08 | 敏明 大江 | Nitrogen oxide reduction equipment and nitrogen gas generator for diesel engines |
| JP2002122049A (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2002-04-26 | Akinari Ito | System for preventing air pollution by internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine including air pollution preventing system, and fuel treating method and device thereof |
| US6523529B1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2003-02-25 | Caterpillar Inc. | Integration of air separation membrane and coalescing filter for use on an inlet air system of an engine |
| JP4076433B2 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2008-04-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Automotive internal combustion engine with nitrogen-enriched combustion function |
| JP4443839B2 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2010-03-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
| DE102004041263A1 (en) | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-02 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Internal combustion engine with an air separation unit and method for operating such an internal combustion engine |
| DE102004049218A1 (en) | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-20 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation device |
| DE102004054449A1 (en) | 2004-11-11 | 2006-05-18 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Method for operating a supercharged internal combustion engine |
| JP2007218093A (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Gas enrichment device for internal combustion engines |
-
2008
- 2008-04-12 DE DE102008018522A patent/DE102008018522A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-02-16 JP JP2009032655A patent/JP2009257317A/en active Pending
- 2009-03-23 FI FI20095296A patent/FI20095296A7/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-04-10 CN CNA2009101343239A patent/CN101555841A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102383982A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-03-21 | 天津大学 | Engine double-effect air inlet system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI20095296L (en) | 2009-10-13 |
| FI20095296A7 (en) | 2009-10-13 |
| JP2009257317A (en) | 2009-11-05 |
| DE102008018522A1 (en) | 2009-10-15 |
| FI20095296A0 (en) | 2009-03-23 |
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Application publication date: 20091014 |