CN101595626A - Magnetically driven reciprocating system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetic drive reciprocating system and a method, which comprises the following steps: at least one first electromagnet (18) having an elongated direction defining an axial direction, a first end and a second end, and an elongated opening core (21) extending from the first end to the second end, the core (21) having an axis of symmetry substantially coaxial with the axial direction; a control unit (24) capable of providing a first power input to the first electromagnet (18) and a first magnetic field capable of varying the electromagnet (18) over time, directed substantially towards the first pole of the axial direction; at least one fixed body (22) having a second magnetic field directed substantially towards an axial second pole and arranged substantially coaxially with the core (21) at a first end; at least one reciprocating ferromagnetic body (20) arranged substantially coaxially with the core (21) and not extending completely outside the core at a second end, and having a second magnetic field in response to the first magnetic field, the ferromagnetic body (20) being axially displaceable in response to the first and second magnetic fields; and a converter unit (26) mechanically coupled to the reciprocating ferromagnetic body (20) and capable of converting the displacement of the reciprocating ferromagnetic body (20) into a power output. Therefore, the invention can provide output power.

Description

Magnetic drive reciprocating system and method

technical field

The present invention relates to a magnetically driven reciprocating system and method, and more particularly to a magnetically driven reciprocating system and method capable of providing power output.

Background technique

Most rotary electric motors operate by electromagnetic principles (although some motors operate by other electromechanical principles, such as electrostatic force and piezoelectric effect). The basic principle of an electromagnetic motor is that a charged wire will generate a mechanical force in a magnetic field. This force, as stated in the Lorentz force law, is perpendicular to the conductor and the magnetic field, and the rotating motor uses this effect.

A linear motor is basically a polyphase AC electric motor in which the stator (i.e. the stationary part of the motor) is spread out so that it produces no rotational torque but a linear force along its length, the most common mode of operation is the cold second type actuator in which the applied force increases linearly with the current and the magnetic field according to Leng's law described above.

Many previous electromagnetic motors, as mentioned above, have limited efficiency due to, but possibly not only, factors such as construction, operating speed and conditions, torque, and material composition. Very few of the above devices, if Also, it operates on the principle of reciprocating motion.

There is therefore a need for a scalable magnetic reciprocating system that can operate at high efficiency and/or generate power.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic reciprocating system and method, which can provide output power, aiming at the defects of the above-mentioned prior art.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes in order to realize the above object is:

A magnetically driven reciprocating system according to the present invention, comprising: at least one first electromagnet, having a long direction to define an axial direction, having a first end and a second end, and having an elongated opening core , which extends from the first end to the second end, the core has a symmetry axis, which is substantially coaxial with the axial direction; a control unit, which can provide a first power input to the first electromagnet and can cause the electromagnet to have a subsequent a time-varying first magnetic field having a generally axially directed first pole; and at least one stationary body having a second magnetic field having a generally axially directed second pole disposed with the core at the first end substantially coaxial; at least one reciprocating ferromagnet configured substantially coaxially with the core and not fully extending out of the core at the second end may have a second magnetic field in response to the first magnetic field, the ferromagnetic being axially displaceable to Responding to the first and second magnetic fields; and a converter unit mechanically connected to the reciprocating ferromagnet and capable of converting the displacement of the reciprocating ferromagnet into a power output.

Optionally, the power output is not less than the first power input.

Most preferably, the converter unit further comprises a mechanical energy buffering component which can non-simultaneously store the power output and return it to a second power input. Typically, the transducer unit in turn senses power output, displacement, and velocity of the reciprocating ferromagnet. More generally, the control unit can control a plurality of electric pulse waves that change with time according to the data indicating that the converter unit senses the power output, displacement, and speed of the reciprocating ferromagnet to provide the first power input. Most optionally, the control unit may in turn control the first power input to maximize the power output.

Most preferably, the fixture is substantially permanently magnetic. Typically, the stationary body is ferromagnetic and a second magnetic field is present in response to the first magnetic field. More typically, the stationary body is an inactive electromagnet.

Optionally, the fixed body is an active electromagnet, and the second magnetic field is maintained substantially constant, or the second magnetic field is changed as the first magnetic field varies. Most preferably, the first electromagnet and the reciprocating ferromagnet are fixed in a common housing, and it is characterized in that the housing is axially displaceable in response to the first and second magnetic fields.

The present invention also provides a method of operating a magnetic reciprocating generating system, comprising the steps of: taking at least one first electromagnet, having a long direction to define an axial direction, having a first end and a second end, and having an elongated open core extending from a first end to a second end, the core having an axis of symmetry substantially coaxial with the axial direction; providing a first power input to a first electromagnet having a control unit, And it is possible to make the electromagnet have a first magnetic field that changes with time, and it has a first pole that is generally directed to the axial direction; at least one fixed body is configured, and it is substantially coaxial with the core region at the first end, and the fixed body has a a second magnetic field having a second pole generally directed axially; at least one reciprocating ferromagnet disposed approximately coaxially with the core and not extending completely outside the core at a second end having a second magnetic field in response The first magnetic field, the ferromagnet is axially displaceable in response to the first and second magnetic fields; and a converter unit is mechanically connected to the reciprocating ferromagnet, and the converter unit converts the displacement of the reciprocating ferromagnet into a power output.

Most optionally, the unit further includes a mechanical energy buffering component that can non-simultaneously store the power output and return a second power input.

Optionally, the transducer unit can in turn sense power output, displacement, and velocity of the reciprocating ferromagnet. Usually, the control unit is instructed according to the data, the data is the power output, displacement, and speed of the reciprocating ferromagnet sensed by the converter unit, and the control unit can control a plurality of electric pulse waves that change with time to provide the first power input. Most typically, the control unit maximizes the power output by controlling the first power input.

Optionally, the fixture is substantially permanently magnetic.

Most preferably, the fixed body is ferromagnetic and the second magnetic field is present in response to the first magnetic field.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the magnetic reciprocating system and method described in the present invention can provide output power.

Description of drawings

1A and 1B are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2A and 2B are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

4A and 4B are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a graphical representation of forces and displacements in a series of experiments;

6 and 7 are schematic diagrams of oscilloscope outputs for an additional experimental setup, respectively.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the present invention.

The present invention includes a magnetic reciprocating system and method for providing output power.

Example 1

1A and FIG. 1B, they are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating power output system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system 10 includes a casing 15, an annular electromagnet 18 located in the casing 15, and a The electromagnet 18 opens the ferromagnet 20 in the space of the core 21 . The term "electromagnet" used in the following specification and claims refers to any inductor that generates a magnetic field and subsequent magnetic force due to the action of an electric current. The electromagnet 18 is usually an open core electromagnet of any suitable structure, but it can also be A solid core electromagnet, which may be perforated or modified to allow the ferromagnet 20 to fit roughly within the open core 21 . The opening core 21 usually has a symmetrical axis (not shown) to define the axial direction of the system, the electromagnet 18 is fixed in the casing 15, and the ferromagnet 20 can be axially displaced in the opening core, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 18 and the magnetic poles of the ferromagnet 20 are axially aligned, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and will be further described below. Additionally or alternatively, the electromagnet 18 may represent more than one electromagnet having a structure similar to that described above and It is generally configured axially (not shown) to allow displacement of the ferromagnet 20 in the open core.

A fixed body 22 is arranged axially with the opening core, close to the electromagnet 18, but outside the casing and outside the core 21. In an embodiment of the invention, alternatively or additionally, the fixed body is: ideally ferromagnetic, There is no residual magnetism, which means that when the driving magnetic field of the electromagnet 18 disappears, it does not have magnetism; or a permanent magnet with a high degree of residual magnetism, or an electromagnet, it can be inactive or active when the electromagnet 18 works. action. The magnetic poles of the fixed body 22 are axially aligned and when the fixed body is an inactive electromagnet (no current flows in the electromagnet), the fixed body 22 does not change, as shown in the figure "+" and "-" indicated by the symbol.

If the fixed body 22 is an electromagnet, the overall function and configuration of the fixed body 22 is similar to the electromagnet 18, and only the core of the fixed body 22 is shown in the figure. When stationary body 22 is an active electromagnet, its poles can change over time in a manner similar to that described below for electromagnet 18 . Alternatively or additionally, the fixed body 22 is an inactive electromagnet, in this case the core of the fixed body, which functions essentially like the ferromagnet described above.

A control unit 24 controls the power input to the electromagnet 18 and causes the magnetic poles to change over time. The terms "power in" and "power out" as used in the following specification and claims refer to electrical or mechanical power, usually measured in watts. (W) indicates that in an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit controls the pulse frequency (such as the number of power pulses per second) and the pulse time of the power pulse (such as measured in milliseconds (ms)), and Controls the power pulse to the solenoid. In one embodiment, the control unit 24 provides power pulses that vary with time, as known in the prior art, such as pulse modulation methods, etc., to alternately change the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet, as shown in Figures 1A and 1B. Indicated by "+" and "-" symbols. Alternatively or additionally, the control unit 24 provides time-varying power pulses, as known in the prior art, such as pulse modulation methods, etc., to alternately actuate and deactivate the electromagnet, thereby A direction (not shown) generates and terminates a magnetic pole. As described above and below, the poles of the ferromagnet 20 interact with the poles of the electromagnet 18 .

In one example, where the fixed body 22 is an active electromagnet, as described above, the control unit 24 may in turn control the power input to the fixed body to enhance the reciprocation of the ferromagnetic body 20, as described below.

It can be seen from FIG. 1A that when the magnetic poles of the ferromagnetic body and the fixed body are opposite, the ferromagnetic body 20 and the fixed body 22 will attract each other and move toward the fixed body 22 for a distance S. It can be seen from FIG. 1B that when the magnetic poles of the ferromagnetic body 20 and the fixed body 22 are the same, the ferromagnetic body 20 will be repelled and move a distance S away from the fixed body 22 . As mentioned above, the control unit 24 controls and changes the power input of the electromagnet 18 (and the power input of the fixed body 22 if applicable), so that the ferromagnetic body 20 moves axially reciprocatingly towards the fixed body 22 by a displacement of S and A displacement of S is moved in a direction away from the fixed body 22 . In addition to the change of magnetic poles in the system, the reciprocating movement of the ferromagnet can be enhanced and/or assisted by mechanical energy.

Transducer 26 is mechanically coupled to ferromagnet 20 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and its function is to change the mechanical energy of ferromagnet 20 as it reciprocates in the open core, as described below. In an embodiment of the invention, the converter unit 26 is a crank which is connected to a flywheel mounted on a shaft which in turn drives another component such as a generator etc. (not shown). The function of the flywheel is to alternately store the mechanical energy of the ferromagnet and return mechanical energy to the ferromagnet, while excess mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, for example in a generator. As is known in the prior art, the movement of the shaft in the transducer unit can be sensed, for example using an encoder, while the movement information of the ferromagnet is fed back to the control unit 24 as shown by the dashed lines in FIGS. 1A and 1B . Accordingly, the control unit 24 controls the timing of the power input to the electromagnets to optimize the movement of the ferromagnets and/or to optimize the power output of the system. In other embodiments of the present invention, the converter unit 26 includes other components such as mechanical, electrical, thermal, chemical, and hydraulic components, which can similarly store and/or change energy while feeding back to the control unit 24 .

In an embodiment of the present invention, the ideal electromagnet 18 has no hysteresis, which means that the electromagnet simultaneously generates a magnetic field when power is applied, and the electromagnet's magnetic field disappears immediately when power is removed. Similarly, an ideal ferromagnet 20 has no residual magnetism, which means that when the driving magnetic field of the electromagnet 18 disappears, the ferromagnet 20 has no magnetism. In the embodiment of the present invention, the ferromagnet 20 is made of iron, but other materials are applicable as long as they have mechanical stability, can obtain magnetic field, and have low hysteresis, as mentioned above.

The typical electromagnets that can be used as electromagnet 18 can be inquired on the following websites:

http://www.mannel-magnet.info/en_round.php of Mannel Magnet Ttechnik GbR, Tente 3, 42859 Remscheid, Germany, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Experiments as described below were performed to determine and demonstrate various operating levels of the magnetically driven reciprocating system 10, including work input and output.

Example 2

Referring to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B , they are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating power output system 110 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B . Except for the differences described below, the operation of the magnetically actuated reciprocating system 110 is generally similar to the magnetically actuated reciprocating system 10 of FIGS. of. In the system 110, the electromagnet and the ferromagnet are fixed in the casing 15, and the casing moves back and forth toward the fixed body 22 for a displacement of S and moves away from the fixed body 22 for a displacement of S, the converter Unit 26 is then connected to the casing, and its function is similar to that described above.

Example 3

Referring to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , they are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating power output system 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B . Except for the differences described below, the operation of the magnetically actuated reciprocating system 120 is generally similar to the magnetically actuated reciprocating system 10 of FIGS. of. In the system 120 , a second fixed body 27 is arranged coaxially with the opening core, close to the electromagnet 18 but outside the housing and outside the core 21 , and opposite the fixed body 22 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the fixed bodies 22 and 27 are alternatively or additionally: under ideal conditions, there is no residual magnetism, which means that when the driving magnetic field of the electromagnet 18 disappears, there is no magnetism, or there is a high degree of residual magnetism permanent magnets, or electromagnets. When the electromagnet is not magnetized, the magnetic poles of the fixed body 27 are axially aligned and do not change as indicated by the "+" and "-" symbols in the figure. Additionally, while stationary body 22 is an active electromagnet, stationary body 27 may be an electromagnet and operate similarly to stationary body 22 described above. Although not shown in Figures 3A and 3B, system 120 includes converter unit 26, which functions the same as system 110 in Figures 2A and 2B described above.

Another embodiment of the system 120 of the present invention 120 includes an arrangement in which the electromagnets and ferromagnets are fixed in the housing 15 and the entire housing is reciprocated, similar to the system 110 of FIGS. 2A and 2B described above.

Example 4

Referring to FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B , they are schematic diagrams of a magnetically driven reciprocating power output system 130 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is similar to the system shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B . Except for the differences described below, the operation of the magnetically actuated reciprocating system 130 is generally similar to the magnetically actuated reciprocating system 110 of FIGS. 2A and 2B , so that the configuration and operation of components designated by the same numerals are generally the same as described above. of. As mentioned above, the fixed body 22 is an electromagnet and this configuration is shown in the present figure. When the stationary body 22 is an electromagnet, the electromagnet can have an open or closed core, with the open core configuration shown in the present drawing. Additionally, as described above, the control unit 24 is operable to control the polarity and power supplied to the stationary body 22 and electromagnet 18 to optimize reciprocating motion.

Experimental work and results

Force, work, timing, and power were measured and calculated by experimentally setting up a model system 10 (as described above in FIGS. 1A and 1B ). The characteristics of the system 10 components and other components used in the experiments were: Electromagnet : Industrial thermoplastic magnets with a power of 45W, a length of 80mm, a core diameter of 25mm, and a rated magnetic force of 60kg. Two near-magnets, each with a diameter of 22mm and a length of 80mm, are made of mild steel ST37. Both of the two near-magnets can be used as reciprocating bodies of the system 10. As described below, measure the two or one of the near-magnets. The relative displacement of the magnet. The spring is calibrated to measure the force: the length is about 200nm and the spring constant is k = 1.1 kg/mm. Manufacturer of strain gauges: Vishay, maximum operating value 350 kg. Control unit: Power supply 12VDC, 4A max, normally operates at 2A. Oscilloscope: Gould475.

Note that it is very reasonable to assume that the functionality would be greatly improved if ferromagnetic materials were used in the experiments instead of the near-magnetic materials described above, as described below.

The goals of the experimental work are: 1) determine the maximum force operating on the near-magnetic material, 2) measure the mechanical output work of the system, and 3) measure the electrical energy input to obtain the work output. These three goals and specific experimental content are described in detail below.

great effort

1) Insert two ferrous near magnets, touching each other at the central point of the electromagnet core. 2) Put the spring connected to the displacement measuring tool into each body, and connect it to the electromagnet with 12VDC and 2A. The two bodies are attracted to each other by magnetic force, but the spring does not stretch. 3) The two bodies are then pulled apart under controlled conditions, registering the elongation of the spring, and the force produced must be sufficient to resist and separate the two bodies from each other while they are in the magnetic field of the electromagnet. 4) The measured elongation of the spring is 12cm. As mentioned above, under the action of the spring constant of the spring, the calculated suction force is about 60kg.

output work

1) Remove the spring from the near magnet, and then reinsert the near magnet as described above, contact and put it in the center of the magnet core, fix one body, the second body can be freely removed from the core, and connect the strain gauge to the center of the magnet core. To the end of the second body, the strain gauge is mechanically connected to a device that applies a controlled pulling force to separate the two bodies. 2) The electromagnet starts to act and the device also acts to pull the second body. The separation force is measured according to the output of the strain gauge. The second body moves away from another fixed body for a displacement of S, and records the displacement of different S values. force value.

Referring to Fig. 5, it is graph 200 in order to show force (kgF) and displacement S (mm) in a series of experiments in above-mentioned step 2, and the area below line 204 represents the integral of force and displacement function, from maximum force (60kg) Calculating to a very small force (4kg), the integral can also be represented by the mechanical work of the ferromagnet. In the figure, the dotted line 206 connects the values of 60kg and 7mm on each axis, which is a reasonable linear approximate value of the line 204, and the value below the dotted line 206 The area of is approximately equal to the area below the line 204, and the calculated work is approximately 2.35 Joules.

Another series of experiments was carried out, where one body was fixed and the second body was mechanically connected to a crank, which in turn was connected to a shaft equipped with a flywheel, the weight of which was about 10 kg, and the work output of the flywheel was measured for one revolution. It is 1. Joule, and it is measured that one pulse wave of the electromagnet can move the second body and make the flywheel rotate three times, so the work output of this body is 1.3×3=4.2Joule, which does not take friction into consideration.

Power input

Use the above body and setting to perform the measurement of the experiment, see Figures 6 and 7, they are respectively the oscilloscope and the schematic diagram of the experimental setting used in the determination of the electric energy input, the experimental setting allows the total energy input of the electric pulse wave to wait The measured electromagnet is used for each set of voltage and current response curves 310,

30mm and 10mm in 320, as shown in Figure 6 of the present invention. Response curve 320, which reflects a typical body displacement of 10mm, is the most important, and the horizontal axis of FIG. 6 represents a time scale on a scale of 0, 10, 20, . . . , 50 milliseconds (ms).

The oscilloscope 345 is connected to the electromagnet as shown in the coil in Figure 7. The fixed body is at the end of the center of the electromagnet core, and the distance between the moving body and the central point is 10mm. The oscilloscope can measure the time response of the electromagnet and the time when the moving body touches the fixed body , the measured time response is about 30 milliseconds (ms).

Divide the rated power input of 45W by 30 milliseconds (ms) to calculate the input energy as 1.5Joule.

intermediate conclusion

Using the values obtained above: energy input is 1.5 Joule and work output is 4.2 Joule, and regardless of any other losses, this system can produce a significant energy margin, no other losses are measured in the experimental work, assuming energy is lost due to friction, the work The output is reduced by about 2.3Joule.

As a result, the intermediate conclusion of the experimental work is that the present system, with an energy input of about 1.5 Joule and a work output of about 2.3 Joule (including frictional losses), is at least highly energy efficient, since there is no other better explanation for the above energy margin .

future experiment

Additional experiments are planned in the future using another system with extremely large scale electromagnets (like item 2150, 180mm in the aforementioned MannelMagnet Ttechnik GbR website http://www.mannel-magnett.info/en_round.php), With a magnetic force of about 1,000kg and only about 37W of input power, the system currently operates at about 380 reciprocations per minute, and plans are in place to perform more precise measurements of power input and power output.

Additional experiments will utilize ferromagnets, rather than the proximity magnets used in the above experiments, so it is predicted that additional experiments will yield better results in terms of energy efficiency.

The embodiments described above are only one of the more preferred specific implementations of the present invention, and the usual changes and replacements performed by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (20)

1. A magnetically driven reciprocating system, characterized in that: the system comprises, At least one first electromagnet has a long direction to define an axial direction, has a first end and a second end, and has an elongated open core extending from the first end to the second end, the core has a an axis of symmetry which is substantially coaxial with the axial direction; a control unit capable of providing a first power input to the first electromagnet and capable of causing the electromagnet to have a first magnetic field that varies with time, having a first pole generally directed in the axial direction; at least one stationary body having a second magnetic field having a generally axially directed second pole and disposed generally coaxially with the core at the first end; at least one reciprocating ferromagnet configured substantially coaxially with the core and not extending completely out of the core at a second end capable of having a second magnetic field in response to the first magnetic field, the ferromagnet being axially displaceable in response to the first and second magnetic field; and a converter unit mechanically connected to the reciprocating ferromagnet and capable of converting the displacement of the reciprocating ferromagnet into a power output. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the power output is not less than the first power input. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the converter unit further comprises a mechanical energy buffering component capable of non-simultaneously storing power output and feeding back a second power input. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the transducer unit is further capable of sensing power output, displacement, and velocity of the reciprocating ferromagnet. 5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the control unit can control a plurality of electric pulse waves that change with time, so as to provide the first power input according to the data, the data is the converter unit The power output, displacement and velocity of the reciprocating ferromagnet are sensed. 6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that the control unit in turn controls the first power input to maximize the power output. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein the fixed body is substantially permanently magnetic. 8. The system of claim 6, wherein the fixed body is ferromagnetic and there is a second magnetic field in response to the first magnetic field. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the stationary body is a non-active electromagnet. 10. The system of claim 6, wherein said stationary body is an active electromagnet. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the second magnetic field is maintained substantially constant. 12. The system of claim 10, wherein the second magnetic field changes as the first magnetic field changes. 13. The system of claim 6, wherein the first electromagnet and the reciprocating ferromagnet are fixed in a common housing, and wherein the housing is axially displaceable in response to the first and second magnetic field. 14. A method of operating a magnetic reciprocating generating system comprising the steps of: Step 1 takes at least one first electromagnet, having a long direction to define an axial direction, having a first end and a second end, and having an elongated open core extending from the first end to the second end , the core has an axis of symmetry approximately coaxial with the axial direction; Step 2 providing a first power input to a first electromagnet having a control unit, and enabling the electromagnet to have a time-varying first magnetic field having a first pole generally directed in the axial direction; Step 3 disposing at least one fixed body substantially coaxial with the core region at the first end, the fixed body having a second magnetic field having a second pole generally directed in the axial direction; Step 4 disposing at least one reciprocating ferromagnet so that it is substantially coaxial with the core and does not fully extend out of the core at the second end, has a second magnetic field in response to the first magnetic field, and the ferromagnet is axially displaceable in response to the first and the second magnetic field; Step 5 mechanically connects a converter unit to the reciprocating ferromagnet, and the converter unit converts the displacement of the reciprocating ferromagnet into a power output. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the unit further comprises a mechanical energy buffer unit capable of non-simultaneously storing power output and feeding back a second power input. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein the transducer unit is in turn capable of sensing power output, displacement, and velocity of the reciprocating ferromagnet. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that: according to the data indication, the data refers to the power output, displacement and speed of the reciprocating ferromagnet sensed by the converter unit, and the control unit can control a plurality of A time-varying electrical pulse to provide a first power input. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the control unit controls the first power input to maximize the power output. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the fixed body is substantially permanently magnetic. 20. The method of claim 18, wherein the fixed body is ferromagnetic and a second magnetic field is present in response to the first magnetic field.

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