Technical field: the invention belongs to the technical field of battery product exploitation, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of lithium ion battery.
Background technology: in prior art, it is high that lithium ion battery has a specific energy, self discharge is little, memory-less effect, and discharge voltage is the many merits such as NI-G and Ni-MH battery 3 times, be widely used in mobile phone, notebook computer, electronic instrument, portable power tool, electric bicycle, the fields such as weaponry.From early 1990s, with cobalt acid lithium (LiCoO
2) realized commercialization for the secondary lithium battery of positive electrode, but because cobalt (Co) resource is few, price is high, poisonously limit it and promote the use of.By contrast, LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4Although) exist discharge capacity relatively low, the some shortcomings parts such as structure is understable, but its security performance is outstanding, cycle performance is very outstanding, add aboundresources and cheapness, environment almost is safe from harm, and these characteristics all make the mangaic acid lithium electrode be hopeful as positive electrode and then replace cobalt acid lithium, have good DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.
Summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is in order to overcome existing LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4) relatively low as the existing discharge capacity of cell positive material, the technological deficiency such as structure is understable, for people provide, a kind of cost is low, reliability is high, self discharge is little, the preparation method of constitutionally stable lithium ion battery.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals.
The preparation method of lithium ion battery of the present invention, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system is native graphite and/or Delanium, and the two part by weight scope is native graphite: Delanium=0~100: 100~0, and better part by weight scope is 1: 1~4; Electrolyte system is EC (ethylene carbonate)/EMC (methyl ethyl carbonate fat)/DEC (carbonic acid diethyl ester), and its volume ratio scope is: EC: EMC: DEC=1: 0.2~1: 1.4~3, and lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.0~1.3mol/L.
In such scheme, described anodal system by LiMn2O4, acetylene black, PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) by LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: 2.1~3: 2.1~3 weight ratios form.
In such scheme, described negative pole system is comprised of by native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=0~100: 100~0: 1.5~2.5: 3~5 weight ratios native graphite, Delanium, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), SBR (butadiene-styrene rubber).
In such scheme, the preparation section of described lithium ion battery is: by above-mentioned formula, prepare respectively anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, and negative current collector is Copper Foil, by aluminium, Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity with back flow roll formula gap.Barrier film adopts PP/PE/PP (polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene) sandwich diaphragm (UBE), and the pole piece roll minute cut is wound and pack with aluminum-plastic composite membrane afterwards, injects electrolyte system being full of under the state of nitrogen, by a battery vacuum-pumping envelope also.Then the ageing of battery normal temperature was carried out to preliminary filling to battery after 1 day.Adopt the mode of baking to carry out shaping to battery, be specially: after the power that is 20 ± 2N.M with clamping plate torsion by battery is clamped, put into the vacuum drying oven of 80 ± 1 ℃ and store 1.5~2.5 hours, cooling after taking out, then battery is carried out to two envelopes, trimming, flanging, thereby make lithium ion battery.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to grope to sum up the technical scheme of science practicality out by inventor's long-term practice, and it has overcome LiMn2O4 (LiMn in prior art
2O
4) relatively low as the existing discharge capacity of cell positive material, the technological deficiencies such as structure is understable, the product of preparation has many advantages such as cost is low, reliability is high, self discharge is little, Stability Analysis of Structures, not only meet the requirement of lithium manganate battery at cyclicity, the aspect such as anti-overcharge, obtained good success aspect high temperature storage (under 85 ℃ of conditions under storage 4h and 60 ℃ of conditions storage 7 days) especially.The prepared lithium ion battery of the present invention can be successfully applied on the electronic equipments such as portable DVD player, minitype motivation toy, is a kind of low cost, security performance is given prominence to and lithium ion battery new product with good circulation performance.
Embodiment:
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, and the present invention is not limited only to described embodiment.
Embodiment mono-
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite and Delanium, and the part by weight scope of the two is 1: 1, and electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.3: 1.6), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1mol/L.
Battery size: 503759P-750mAh.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.1: 2.2, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, Delanium, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), SBR (butadiene-styrene rubber) presses native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=50: within 50: 1.5: 3.15, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.Barrier film adopts PP/PE/PP (polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene) sandwich diaphragm (UBE), and the pole piece roll minute cut is wound and pack with aluminum-plastic composite membrane afterwards, injects organic electrolyte being full of under the state of nitrogen, by a battery vacuum-pumping envelope also.Then the ageing of battery normal temperature was carried out to preliminary filling to battery after 1 day.Appearance looks elegant for battery, we can adopt the mode of baking to carry out shaping to battery, be specially: the power that is 20 ± 2N.M with clamping plate torsion by battery is put into the vacuum drying oven of 80 ± 1 ℃ and is stored 1.5~2.5 hours after clamping, cooling after taking out, then battery is carried out to two envelopes, trimming, flanging, thereby make lithium ion battery.
This routine LiMn2O4 physicochemical property used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.6um; Specific area: 0.66m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 99mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 94.8%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 20.4um; Specific area: 1.23m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.52g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 290mA/g;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 18.2um; Specific area: 1.67m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 330mA/g.
The correlated performance situation of this routine prepared product below underdraws.
One, the concrete test experience condition of high-temperature storage performance and process:
Detection scheme one: battery is during under full power state, (voltage is 4.2V) puts it into vacuum drying oven, vacuumize and oven temperature is adjusted to 85 ℃, at this temperature by battery storage 4 hours, then take out battery, measure cell thickness, internal resistance, voltage and residual capacity, it the results are shown in Table 1.
Storage 4h tables of data under table 185 ℃ condition
Detection scheme two: battery is during under full power state, (voltage is 4.2V) puts it into vacuum drying oven, vacuumize and oven temperature is adjusted to 60 ℃, at this temperature, by battery storage 7 days, then taking out battery, measure cell thickness, internal resistance, voltage and residual capacity, it the results are shown in Table 2.
Storage 7 day data tables under table 260 ℃ condition
Two, over-charging experiment condition and process:
At first, battery discharge, to 2.75V, is then charged to battery with the 3C constant current, after cell voltage reaches 5V, by constant current charge, become constant voltage charge, and it is constant to maintain 5V voltage 2 hours.
Result: the battery no leakage, do not smolder, not on fire, do not explode.
Conclusion: over-charging of battery is functional.
Three, cycle performance experiment condition and process:
With blue electro-detection cabinet test battery cycle performance, concrete work step is as follows:
1. constant current (1C) is discharged to 2.75V;
2. constant current (1C) charges to 4.2V;
3. constant voltage (4.2V) charges to electric current and only is less than 10mA;
4. standing 2min;
5. constant current (1C) is discharged to 2.75V;
And then start new circulation from work step 2, until 300 times stop.
Conclusion: 300 average conservation rates of circulation volume: 86.6%.It the results are shown in Table 3.
Concrete cyclic curve as shown in Figure 1.
Table 3300 time loop-around data table
In sum, the battery that prepared by the present invention is a kind of lithium ion battery of low cost and high reliability.
Embodiment bis-
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite and Delanium, and the part by weight scope of the two is 1: 2.5; Electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.75: 2.2), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.15mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.5: 2.5, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, Delanium, CMC, SBR presses native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=28.575: within 71.425: 2: 4, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.4um; Specific area: 0.67m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 96mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 95.1%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 20.3um; Specific area: 1.24m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.52g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 285mA/g;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 17.9um; Specific area: 1.69m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 340mA/g.
Embodiment tri-
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite and Delanium, and the part by weight scope of the two is 1: 4; Electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.9: 2.5), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.25mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 3: 2.8, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, Delanium, CMC, SBR presses native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=20: within 80: 2.5: 5, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 13.02um; Specific area: 0.55m
2/ g; The pole piece compacted density, 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 98mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 94.9%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 20.8um; Specific area: 1.18m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.53g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 285mA/g;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 17.8um; Specific area: 1.70m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 340mA/g.
Embodiment tetra-
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite and Delanium, and the part by weight scope of the two is 1: 2, and electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 1: 2), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.18mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.45: 3, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, Delanium, CMC, SBR presses native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=33.33: within 66.66: 1.8: 4.2, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.7um; Specific area: 0.65m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 95mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 94.3%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 20.5um; Specific area: 1.21m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.51g/cm3; 1C (electric current) capacity performance: 290mA/g;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 18.1um; Specific area: 1.68m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 335mA/g.
Embodiment five
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite, and the consumption of Delanium is 0; Electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.2: 1.4), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.3mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.5: 2.4, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, CMC, SBR presses native graphite: CMC: SBR=100: within 1.8: 4.2, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.6um; Specific area: 0.62m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 97mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 95.2%;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 17.6um; Specific area: 1.72m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 340mA/g.
Embodiment six
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts Delanium, and the consumption of native graphite is 0; Electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.78: 2.0), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.25mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, the Cabot ox produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.6: 2.1, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by Delanium, CMC, SBR presses Delanium: CMC: SBR=100: within 2.2: 3.8, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.9um; Specific area: 0.64m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 99mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 94.5%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 19.9um; Specific area: 1.29m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.51g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 295mA/g.
Embodiment seven
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite and Delanium, and the part by weight scope of the two is 90: 10, and electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.95: 2.3), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.22mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.4: 2.6, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, Delanium, CMC, SBR presses native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=90: within 10: 2.1: 3.6, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.5um; Specific area: 0.68m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 98mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 94.9%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 20.2um; Specific area: 1.26m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.50g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 280mA/g;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 17.8um; Specific area: 1.7m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 340mA/g.
Embodiment eight
The preparation method of the lithium ion battery that this is routine, is characterized in that described lithium ion battery is comprised of anodal system, negative pole system and electrolyte system, and wherein, anodal system adopts LiMn2O4 (LiMn
2O
4); The negative pole system adopts native graphite and Delanium, and the part by weight scope of the two is 10: 90, and electrolyte system is: EC/EMC/DEC (volume ratio: 1: 0.92: 3), lithium salt (LiPF
6) be 1.15mol/L.
The preparation section of lithium ion battery: anode is by LiMn2O4, acetylene black (BP2000, Cabot produces), PVDF (Kynar761, ElfAutochem produces) press LiMn2O4: acetylene black: PVDF=100: within 2.7: 2.5, weight ratio forms, negative pole is by native graphite, Delanium, CMC, SBR presses native graphite: Delanium: CMC: SBR=10: within 90: 1.6: 3, weight ratio forms, positive pole is made solvent with N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), negative pole is with water as solvent, make respectively positive pole and cathode size, plus plate current-collecting body is aluminium foil, negative current collector is Copper Foil, with back flow roll formula gap by aluminium, the Copper Foil double spread, adopt anodal limited capacity.All the other are with embodiment mono-.
The physicochemical property of this routine LiMn2O4 used: D50 (particle diameter): 12.2um; Specific area: 0.73m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 2.8g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 96mA/g; 50 circulations keep: 94.2%;
Delanium: D50 (particle diameter): 20.3um; Specific area: 1.24m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.51g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 290mA/g;
Native graphite: D50 (particle diameter): 18.1um; Specific area: 1.66m
2/ g; Pole piece compacted density: 1.48g/cm
31C (electric current) capacity performance: 330mA/g.
Any one in the alone native graphite of description of test negative pole system or Delanium all can, but the two mixed can reducing costs can guarantee the capacity performance of negative pole simultaneously, better effects if, degree of graphitization is higher.