CN101948219B

CN101948219B - Low-consumption biological treatment method of rural sewage

Info

Publication number: CN101948219B
Application number: CN201010278940A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 成官文
Original assignee: Guilin University of Technology
Current assignee: Huahong Water Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2010-09-09
Filing date: 2010-09-09
Publication date: 2012-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-09
Also published as: CN101948219A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-consumption rural sewage biological treatment method. The specific process flow is: three-stage septic tank → sump → tower biofilter → wetland → water outlet. The invention makes full use of the features of rural landforms to collect sewage, adopts natural ventilation to supply oxygen to tower-type biological filters, and utilizes the surrounding wetlands in rural areas to treat rural domestic sewage. No sewage aeration system and sludge treatment system are installed, the process flow is simple, and equipment is used. It occupies less land, significantly reduces the one-time project of sewage treatment, equipment investment and energy consumption in operation, and facilitates the management of farmers, reduces operation management costs, realizes low-carbon operation, promotes comprehensive improvement of rural environment, and protects the environment .

Description

A kind of low consumption country sewage bioremediation

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of low consumption sewage treatment technology that utilizes three grades of septic tanks of family's garden, tower biological filter, wetland combination treatment country sewage.

Background technology

China is a developing country, the level of urbanization only about 46%, and most of populations are lived in the rural area.Because most of rural economys are backward relatively; Add that inhabitation comparatively disperses; Cause a large amount of domestic sewage in rural areas by using and a small amount of human and animal excreta to get into surface water body and body of groundwater; Cause these water body permanganate indiceses, nitrogen, phosphorus, coliform, smell water-quality guideline such as flavor and exceed standard, have a strong impact on drinking water of rural area safety.In recent years; Ecological province, ecological city, ecological county, graceful small towns, Eco village construction are all being carried out energetically in all parts of the country; Continue to increase the new countryside construction dynamics, improve the country sewage processing power, therefore; The practical country sewage treatment technology of exploitation low consumption advances the rural environmental pollution comprehensive regulation to have important practical significance.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to develop a kind of low consumption sewage water treatment method that utilizes three grades of septic tanks, tower biological filter, wetland combination treatment country sewage.

Sewage water treatment method of the present invention is following:

Peasant household at first enters three grades of septic tanks of garden with sewage and a small amount of human and animal excreta that family produces; These sewage are concentrated to water collecting basin through rural area irrigation canals and ditches or pipe duct with the sewage of every family after three grades of septic tanks are handled; Water collecting basin supplies water to the tower biological filter by average discharge through run by gravity or water pump; The top, tower biological filter is provided with turning spurt water device, gives the tower biological filter water distribution equably; Directly entering peripheral depression, pool, lotus root pond, irrigation canals and ditches nearby through the water outlet of biological treatment back, tower biological filter handles again.The water outlet of handling well gets into field irrigation or directly enters the river.

Said three grades of septic tanks are meant three grades of miniaturized manure pits that are dispersed in the man of peasant household.

Said water collecting basin is a concrete type country sewage collection device; At mountainous rural area, water collecting basin should be arranged on the mountain region that exceeds the about 8～10m of wetland, so that rely on run by gravity to give the tower biological filter water distribution; If peasant household's accumulation area is the level land, then need rely on water pump to supply water to the tower biological filter.Water collecting pool volume designs about by average hydraulic detention time 4h.

Said tower biological filter is meant the multi-layer biological filter tank that is used to focus on sewage, built-in plastic filler and turning spurt water device, and ventilation opening is established in the bottom.

Said wetland is meant rice field, depression, pool, lotus root pond, the irrigation canals and ditches of peasant household's periphery.These rice fields, depression, pool, lotus root pond, irrigation canals and ditches require growth that mikrobe, waterplant such as the stem or leaf of cattail, reed, Herba Eichhorniae, lotus rhizome etc. are arranged, even also have hydrocoles such as fish etc.The wetland hydraulic detention time is not less than 1d.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) makes full use of the rural area topography and landform character and collect sewage, adopt natural ventilation to give the tower biological filter oxygen supply, utilize rural area periphery wetland to handle country sewage, do not establish sewage aeration system and sludge treating system; The structures and the operational management work thereof of Sewage treatment systems have been reduced; Significantly reduce disposable engineering, facility investment and the operation energy consumption thereof of WWT, and be convenient to peasant's management, reduced operational and administrative expenses; The operation of realization low-carbon (LC), the protection environment.

(2) this technical process is simple, and use equipment is few, takes up an area of province, with low content of technology, and is less demanding to the operational management peopleware, and operation and overhead charges are low in addition, and suitable operational management is highly suitable for vast rural area.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

The demonstration construction of new rural area is carried out in Mountain Area County one Miao ethnic group natural village (village) in Guangxi, relies on the mountain topography landforms, invests nearly 400,000 yuan and builds villages' village sewage pipe ducts and Sewage treatment systems thereof.Family surplus the full village 70, nearly 400 people, about 100 cubic metres of daily output sewage (containing village's tourism, food and drink sewage effluent), BOD ₅185mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 16mg/L, total phosphorus 5mg/L adopt this Technology to handle.Run by gravity gets into water collecting basin to sewage along the hillside, gets into the tower biological filter processing after under meter is pressed average discharge, gets into other depression, river afterwards and handles once again.

Sewage is handled through three grades of septic tanks of peasant household's garden, tower biological filter; The tower biological filter water outlet is near urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard secondary standard (GB18918-2002); After handled in the depression, treat effluent had reached urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard one-level B standard (GB18918-2002).This sewage treatment facility usually only needs a people to keep an eye on, and handles every cubic metre of sewage energy consumption less than 0.25 yuan of 0.1 yuan, operational management expense.

Because village, village sewage is effectively addressed, the ecotope of these tourist attractions, village, village significantly improves, and a day reception visitor measures steadily increasing, and village's village Ecotourism and Peasants Joy income rise appreciably, and has realized that environmental benefit, economic benefit and social benefit are unified.

Embodiment 2:

The demonstration village's construction of new rural area is carried out in one administrative village, Guangxi county.This village is near the river, and physical features is comparatively smooth, family surplus full village has 160, nearly 1000 people, about 180 cubic metres of daily output sewage, sewage BOD ₅163mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 15mg/L, total phosphorus 5mg/L adopt this Technology to handle.Sewage is laid pipe duct and is got into water collecting basin along the road, handle after water pump is squeezed into the tower biological filter by average discharge, gets into other pool, river afterwards and handles once again.

Sewage is after handle three grades of septic tanks of each tame garden, tower biological filter; The tower biological filter water outlet reaches urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard secondary standard (GB18918-2002); After handled in the pool of containing a large amount of cattails, reed, lotus rhizome, treat effluent had reached urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard one-level B standard (GB18918-2002).This sewage treatment facility needs two people to keep an eye on usually, handles about 0.17 yuan of every cubic metre of sewage energy consumption, 0.28 yuan of operational management expense.

Because village, village sewage is effectively addressed, this village's village environment comprehensive and rural area looks are obviously improved, and water quality of river has also obtained raising in various degree, have realized that environmental benefit and social benefit are unified.

Claims

1. A sewage treatment method is characterized in that the domestic sewage and a small amount of human and animal excrement produced by the household are first discharged into the three-level septic tank in the courtyard by the peasant household; these sewage are treated by the three-level septic tank and then passed through rural ditches or pipes. The sewage from each household is concentrated to the sump; the sump supplies water to the tower-type biological filter according to the average flow rate through gravity flow or water pump; the top of the tower-type biofilter is equipped with a rotating water distributor and the bottom is provided with a vent to evenly supply water to the tower. Type biofilter for water distribution and ventilation and oxygen supply; after the biological treatment of the tower type biofilter, the effluent is directly discharged into the surrounding depressions, ponds, lotus ponds, and ditches for further treatment; the treated effluent enters the farmland for irrigation or is directly discharged into the river.

2. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that said tertiary septic tanks refer to tertiary small septic tanks scattered in farmers' homes.

3. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sump is a concrete rural sewage collection device, and in rural areas in mountainous areas, the sump should be set in a mountainous area 8 to 10m above the wetland so as to rely on gravity flow Distribute water to the tower biofilter; if the farmer's gathering area is relatively flat, you need to rely on the water pump to supply water to the tower biofilter.

4. The sewage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tower-type biological filter refers to a multi-layer biological filter for centralized treatment of sewage, built-in plastic packing and a rotary water distributor.

5. The sewage treatment method according to claim 3, wherein said wetland refers to depressions, ponds, lotus ponds, and ditches around farmers; these depressions, ponds, lotus ponds, and ditches are required to grow microorganisms, aquatic plants and aquatic animals.