CN101956982A - High temperature resistant burner nozzle of gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a structure for avoiding high-temperature damage to a burner used in a gasification furnace. production. In this way, the cooling water can be sprayed (seeped out) through the micropores (or capillary tubes) of the heated panel, and quickly vaporized by heat, which consumes a large amount of heat radiated by the burner from the high temperature of the gasifier, and can effectively transfer the heat from the heated panel to the burner. The temperature is maintained at a low level. The technical method of the invention can greatly promote the cooling of the burner, and can better solve the problem of damage to the burner of the gasification furnace due to high temperature.

Description

High temperature resistant burner for gasification furnace

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of burners, and in particular relates to a structure for avoiding high-temperature damage to a combustion nozzle used in a gasification furnace.

Background technique

Coal gasifier is a device that converts fossil fuels (powdered coal, oil, natural gas) into gas, and is widely used in chemical industry, nitrogen fertilizer, gas, combined power generation and other fields. In view of the poor oil and multimedia resources in my country, the gasification fuel in my country is mainly coal (powdered coal or coal water slurry). The combustion nozzle (referred to as the burner) is a key component of the gasifier, and it is also the most vulnerable component to high temperature damage.

At present, the relatively advanced coal gasification method is a large-scale pulverized coal pressurized gasification process imported from abroad. Nitrogen or carbon dioxide gas is used to send pulverized coal and other powdery carbonaceous materials into the gasifier through the burner, and at the same time, oxygen-enriched gas and water vapor are also sent into the gasifier through the burner. The powdered carbonaceous material reacts with oxygen and water vapor to generate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the combustion temperature is above 1400°C. Due to the high temperature of the combustion flame, damage to the burner is often caused by the high heat flux and the potentially oxygen-rich corrosive environment. Due to burner damage, large-scale gasifiers are frequently shut down for maintenance, resulting in huge economic losses for production companies. This has attracted great attention from foreign technology providers and domestic research institutions, but so far the problem has not been effectively solved. Such as Chinese patents CN1015822B, CN1011617B, CN100470127C, CN200968601Y, CN1916493A, CN101250439A, CN101498441A, etc. Although these technologies have their own characteristics, their common idea is to change the cooling water channel, thin the burner heating panel, etc., so as to promote cooling water. Heat transfer with the burner panel, reduce the temperature of the burner panel as much as possible to avoid its high temperature damage. In fact, due to the high temperature of the gasifier and the large heat flux suffered by the burner, it is difficult to completely solve the problem by completely relying on the sensible heat of the cooling water to carry the heat.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the burner of the existing gasifier is easy to be damaged by high temperature, especially the burner of the large-scale pressurized pulverized coal gasifier imported from abroad, and the burner is easy to burn and the life is too short. The structure of the burner damaged by high temperature, in order to improve the cooling effect of the burner, prevent it from being damaged by high temperature, and prolong the service life.

The technical scheme of the high-temperature-resistant burner for the gasification furnace of the present invention is that on the annular heating panel (6) adjacent to the cooling cavity (7) of the burner, a plurality of miniature through holes (5) are arranged; or The annular heated panel (6) of the mouth adjacent to the cooling chamber (7) is made of a liquid permeable porous material.

The pressure of the cooling water in the cooling chamber (7) is higher than the pressure in the gasifier.

On the annular heating panel adjacent to the cooling cavity of the burner, some micro through holes are arranged, or the annular heating panel adjacent to the cooling cavity is made of porous material capable of permeating liquid. In this way, since the pressure of the cooling water in the cooling chamber is higher than the pressure of the gasifier, the cooling water is sprayed out through the micro-holes of the panel, or seeps out through the capillary channels of its porous material, and the sprayed or seeped cooling water Vaporization by heating consumes a large amount of heat radiated from the nozzle by the high temperature of the gasifier, which can effectively maintain the temperature of the burner heating panel at a low level.

In addition, one of the raw materials for coal gasification is water vapor. This technology allows the cooling water of the burner to be sprayed (infiltrated) into the gasifier for vaporization without affecting the operation of the gasifier.

We know that the latent heat of vaporization of water is much greater than its sensible heat. Therefore, the technology of the present invention is for effectively reducing the temperature of the burner heated panel, and its effect is beyond doubt.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 central channel, 2 annular channel, 3, 4-cooling water flow channel, 5 micro-through holes, 6-annular heating panel, 7-cooling cavity.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.

A high-temperature-resistant burner for a gasification furnace provided by the present invention is composed of a central channel 1, an annular channel 2, and cooling water flow channels 3 and 4, and is characterized in that the annular heating panel 6 adjacent to the cooling cavity 7 is arranged There are a plurality of micro-through holes 5; or the annular heated panel 6 adjacent to the cooling chamber 7 is made of a porous material capable of permeating liquid.

In this embodiment, the pressure of the cooling water is 4.8Mpa, and the pressure of the gasifier is 3.8Mpa. Under the pressure difference between the two, the cooling water is sprayed through the micro-holes of the panel, or seeps out through the capillary channels of the porous material. The sprayed (seeped) cooling water is heated and vaporized, which consumes a large amount of heat radiated by the high temperature of the gasification furnace to the nozzle, so that the temperature of the burner heating panel is maintained at a relatively low level.

Embodiment 1, the burner is a production process burner. Microholes with a diameter of 0.1mm are uniformly arranged on the burner heating annular panel 6, and the arrangement density is 1 per square centimeter, with 1 central channel and 1 annular channel, which are respectively pulverized coal-nitrogen channels and oxygen-steam channels. The cooling water flow channel is two annular flow channels, the outer channel enters and the inner channel flows out.

Embodiment 2, the burner is a composite burner for ignition, start-up and production processes. The burner heated annular panel 6 is a porous metal plate made by powder metallurgy method, with one central channel and two annular channels, namely the inner ring and the outer ring. In the ignition stage of the gasifier, the inner ring is an oxygen channel, and the outer ring is a gas channel; when starting operation, the central channel is a pulverized coal-nitrogen channel, the inner ring is an oxygen channel, and the outer ring is a gas channel; during normal production, The central channel is a pulverized coal-nitrogen channel, the inner ring is an oxygen channel, and the outer ring is a steam channel. The cooling water channel is two serpentine tubes, one for water inlet and the other for water outlet.

The invention can be used for burners of gasification furnaces for various fuels, such as pulverized coal gasification, coal water slurry gasification, bitumen gasification, oil product gasification and the like. The cooling water can also have only one flow channel, that is, the cooling water has only an inlet and no outlet. At this time, the cooling of the burner is completely completed by the vaporization of the cooling water sprayed (seeped out) from the annular panel.

Claims (2)

1. the high temperature resistant burner of gasification furnace is characterized in that: on the annular adjacent with cooling chamber (7) of burner is heated panel (6), be placed with a plurality of micro through-holes (5); Or the annular adjacent with cooling chamber (7) of the burner panel (6) that is heated is made by porous material that can permeation liquid.

2. the high temperature resistant burner of the described gasification furnace of claim 1 is characterized in that the pressure of cooling water in the cooling chamber (7) is higher than the interior pressure of gasification furnace.

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