CN101958200B - Switching device with thermal balancing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a switchgear with a heat balancing device, in particular to a switchgear, a corresponding substation, and a heat balancing method. According to the invention, the switching device comprises an electrically connectable first conductor part and a second conductor part. The first and the second conductor part are arranged in a volume of the housing which is filled with an insulating gas as an insulating medium. The first region of the first conductor part is connected to the second region of the first conductor part by means of a heat pipe assembly. The second zone is positioned at a distance from the first zone. The first and second regions of the first conductor part are at different temperature levels when a current flow, in particular a nominal current flow, passes through the switching device along the current path during the operating state of the switching device. Thus, the heat pipe assembly will improve the temperature distribution of the switching device.

Description

Switchgear with heat balancer

technical field

The invention relates to switching devices, medium or high voltage substations and heat balancing methods, in particular for gas insulated switchgears.

Background technique

A switching device for switching high-intensity currents is known, for example, from document EP 1863052A1. The two conductor parts are arranged in a common housing. The conductor parts are electrically connectable to each other. The two conductors are arranged in a common housing filled with insulating gas. Switching devices of this type are known for making an electrical connection between two conductor parts by means of a movable conductor. The problem is that due to the distribution of different cross-sectional areas, electrical resistances and current densities, an unbalanced temperature distribution occurs. Especially in the region near the so-called rated current contacts of the circuit breaker, a temperature increase will occur. Since especially this region has a greater distance from the heat sink, such as, for example, the housing, heat dissipation can be problematic.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve the dissipation of the heat generated inside such a switchgear or a substation in which it is used, thereby extending the operating temperature range of the switchgear.

This problem is solved by a switchgear comprising the features stated in claim 1 , a substation according to claim 14 and a heat balancing method according to claim 15 .

According to the invention, the switching device comprises an electrically connectable first conductor part and a second conductor part. The first conductor part and the second conductor part are arranged in a volume of a housing which is filled with an insulating gas as an insulating medium. The term conductor part is hereafter to be understood broadly as an electrically active part exposed to at least one of high voltage or high current. The first zone of the first conductor part is connected to the second zone of the first conductor part by means of a heat pipe assembly, such that the thermal connection between the first zone and the second zone is formed by at least one heat pipe assembly. The second zone is positioned at a distance from the first zone such that the second zone is positioned offset relative to the first zone with reference to the direction of current flow. When a current flow, in particular a rated current flow, passes through the switching device along a current path during an operating state of the switching device, the first region and the second region of the first conductor part are at different temperature levels. Thus, the heat pipe assembly will improve the temperature distribution of the switching device. Contrary to the prior art, the conduction of the heat generated inside the switching device is not only carried out by heat conduction and heat convection in the conductor parts themselves, but is also significantly enhanced by means of the heat pipe assembly. Temperature hotspots are avoided, and the larger area effectively contributes to heat dissipation.

This problem is further solved by a medium-voltage or high-voltage substation, in particular a gas-insulated substation, according to claim 14 , comprising at least one switchgear as described above.

This problem is also solved by a method for thermal balancing of a switching device according to claim 15 .

The heat balance method includes the following steps. A first conductor part and a second conductor part are provided in a connectable manner inside a volume in a housing which is filled with an insulating medium. In addition, a thermal connection is provided between the first region of the first conductor part and the second region of the first conductor part. The second zone is positioned at a distance from the first zone, and the first zone and the second zone of the first conductor part are in different positions when a current flows along a current path through the switching device during an operating state of the switching device. temperature level. At the first zone, the working medium evaporates in the at least one heat pipe assembly. The phase transition temperature of the working medium inside the heat pipe assembly is preferably about 90°C to 115°C. The working medium then cools and condenses again at the second zone. Thus, in the operating state of the switching device, the first zone is cooled and the second zone is heated by means of the at least one thermal connection formed by the at least one heat pipe arrangement. Thus, the heat pipe assembly will improve the temperature distribution of the switching device.

A heat pipe assembly in the sense according to the invention is any kind of closed volume connecting two regions at different temperature levels. The enclosed volume includes at least one capillary connecting the cold end and the hot end of the heat pipe assembly. At the hot end of the heat pipe assembly, the working medium inside the volume evaporates. The vapor will flow to the cold end of the heat pipe assembly where it condenses. After the vapor condenses, the liquid will be transported back to the hot end by means of capillary tubes. While functioning much like a thermosiphon, this heat pipe assembly allows for placement in any orientation.

Further advantageous aspects are set out in the dependent claims.

It is particularly advantageous if, likewise, a further heat pipe assembly is arranged in connection with the second conductor part. Typically, the hot zone is near an electrical contact between the first conductor part and the second conductor part. As already explained for the heat pipe assembly of the first conductor part, the first and second regions of the second conductor part are also at different temperature levels when the rated current flows during operation of the switching device. Since both conductor parts exhibit an improved temperature distribution due to their respective heat pipes, temperature difference compensation is further improved. It is further particularly advantageous to position the at least one heat pipe assembly and/or the at least one further heat pipe assembly inside the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part (the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part is hollow). The incorporation into the inner volume of the hollow conductor part contributes to a smaller overall size of the switching device. In particular, housings that have already been used can likewise be used in the future without requiring a new design.

Preferably, the at least one heat pipe assembly and/or the at least one further heat pipe assembly are mainly arranged in a plane extending through the longitudinal axis of the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part, in particular through the longitudinal axis defined by the current path first side or second side. "Mainly arranged in" means that at least 60%, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, especially 100%, of the at least one heat pipe assembly and/or at least one further heat pipe assembly are arranged in the first side or second side. In particular, the at least one heat pipe arrangement and/or the at least one further heat pipe arrangement are arranged on the upper side in the installed position of the switching device, in which case the longitudinal axis corresponding to the current path is oriented horizontally.

Since in most cases the highest temperatures occur near the movable part of the electrically conductive connection between the first conductor part and the second conductor part, it is advantageous if the at least one heat pipe assembly and/or the at least one other Contact points between the evaporator side of the heat pipe assembly and the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part are respectively close to the conductive connection part of the movable contact. In particular, the at least one electrically conductive connection allows a rated current to be carried in the operating state of the switching device. Furthermore, it is advantageous to locate the condenser side of the heat pipe assembly and/or of the further heat pipe assembly in the vicinity of a heat dissipation device or heat sink. This is especially advantageous if the heat dissipation device is in electrical contact with the conductor part. Such heat dissipating means or heat sinks may be any element suitable for dissipating heat to the environment. It can be a further conductor in electrical and thermal connection with the conductor part, a cooling element or a housing (if the switchgear is a so-called gas-insulated switchgear). In that case heat will be transferred to the housing by convection of heat from the conductor parts by means of the insulating gas. Finally, this heat is dissipated by the housing of the switching device. In that case, it is advantageous to connect the condenser side to the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part, respectively, in a region where smooth convection is possible. In another case, it is advantageous to connect the condenser to a region of the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part which is close to the first conductor part and/or the second conductor part The point of contact with another subsequent conductor part in the switchgear. In this case, heat is dissipated at the contact point to the further subsequent conductor part.

The application of the invention is particularly advantageous for use in gas-insulated switchgear. Therefore, the switchgear preferably comprises at least a circuit breaker and at least one disconnector.

Gas insulated switchgear is generally known to be used in high power circuits for switching currents, eg up to 5,000 amperes. It is advantageous if the at least one heat pipe arrangement and/or the at least one further heat pipe arrangement are electrically connected to a high voltage or to a high current path in the operating state of the switching device. Because the heat pipe assembly connects conductive parts that are at the same potential, the heat pipe assembly can be made of an inexpensive conductive material such as copper that has good heat transfer properties and does not require insulation.

Gas-insulated switchgear generally has a conductor part that is formed essentially as a hollow cylinder. The at least one heat pipe assembly and/or the at least one further heat pipe assembly arranged inside such a hollow cylinder is advantageously substantially shaped as a hollow truncated cone or as a segment of a hollow truncated cone. This improves the space efficiency of the switchgear since the connection between the first conductor part and the second conductor part is made by the movable conductor arranged inside one of the hollow cylinders. In particular, a wider end makes it possible to arrange components of the drive mechanism of the movable conductor within this region.

Alternatively, the at least one heat pipe assembly and/or the at least one further heat pipe assembly comprise a plurality of individual pipe-like pipes, which are distributed in particular along the circumference of the conductor part.

Advantageously, the at least one heat pipe assembly and/or the at least one further heat pipe assembly comprises at least one substantially pipe-shaped heat pipe, wherein the evaporator side of the heat pipe and its condenser side are closed for fluid connection. The at least one heat pipe is sealed. It is particularly advantageous if the at least one substantially pipe-shaped heat pipe is closed off on the evaporator side and on the condenser side, respectively, and the extruded ends form respectively to the flanges on the first conductor part and the second conductor part.

Description of drawings

Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and will be explained in detail in the following description. The graph shows:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas insulated switchgear according to the invention;

Figure 2 is used to illustrate the temperature distribution curve of the significant temperature difference along the current path;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a circuit breaker of a gas insulated switchgear according to the invention;

The inventive embodiment of the isolating switch of Fig. 4 gas insulated switchgear;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of the circuit breaker, showing the first heat pipe assembly;

Figure 6 shows a second cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a heat pipe assembly;

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the heat pipe assembly of Figure 6;

8 is a cross-sectional view of the heat pipe assembly of FIG. 6 along line C-C; and

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the distributed arrangement of individual heat pipes inside the disconnector of FIG. 4 .

Detailed ways

In FIG. 1 , a simplified example of a gas insulated switchgear 1 as switchgear or eg a medium-voltage or high-voltage substation is partially shown as a cross-sectional view. The gas insulated switchgear 1 comprises at least one circuit breaker 2 for electrically connecting or disconnecting two ends of the gas insulated switchgear 1 . The gas insulated switchgear 1 as disclosed in FIG. 1 is only used for switching the current of one phase. In the operating state, a connection is established as shown in FIG. 1 .

In addition to the circuit breaker 2 , the gas insulated switchgear 1 shown in FIG. 1 also discloses a first disconnector 3 and a second disconnector 4 . First and second isolating switches 3, 4 are provided for maintenance operations to ensure that the disconnected side is free of voltage.

The switching during normal operation of the gas insulated switchgear 1 incorporated in the system takes place by establishing an electrically conductive connection between the first conductor part 7 and the second conductor part 8 . An insulating part 10 is arranged between the first conductor part 7 and the second conductor part 8 . Inside the first conductor part 7 and the insulating part 10 a movable conductor is arranged, as will be apparent from a more detailed Fig. 3 which will be described below. The movable conductor is in permanent electrical connection with the first conductor part 7 and is movable in axial direction in order to establish an electrically conductive connection with the second conductor part 8 .

In order to switch between the connected state and the disconnected state, a drive mechanism 9 is arranged outside the housing 6 and is capable of moving the movable conductor in the axial direction. The housing 6 consists of a plurality of segments connected to one another. The inner volume created by the sections of the housing 6 is filled with insulating gas.

According to the invention, the heat pipes 18.1, 18.2, 19.1, 19.2, 27.1 and 27.2 are arranged as heat pipe assemblies 18, 19 and 27 inside the conductor parts 7, 8 of the circuit breaker 2 and the conductor parts of the disconnector 3, which will be described later This is described using more detailed Figures 3 and 4 .

Since the ohmic resistance on the current path indicated by the dotted line 5 in FIG. 1 is not constant, there are regions of higher temperature, indicated by A, B and C in the gas insulated switchgear of FIG. 1 . On the other hand, components where hot spots occur have cooler regions. These areas are indicated by the corresponding characters A', B' and C'. FIG. 2 shows the temperature profile along the current path in the gas insulated switchgear 1 and indicated by the dotted line 5 in FIG. 1 . The dashed line 11 is the temperature profile of the gas insulated switchgear 1 without the invention. The dashed line 11 shows that there are zones A, B and C where the temperature is particularly high. On the other hand, in the corresponding zones A', B' and C' offset with respect to the highest temperature point of the same element, there are lower temperatures which are clearly shown in Fig. 2 . Using the present invention it is achievable to improve the heat conduction between the corresponding points AA', BB' and CC' and thus reduce the first zone of the hot spot and the greater distance of the same component by connecting the first and the second zone by the heat pipe assembly. The temperature difference between the cold second zone.

The temperature profile when the invention is used in the gas insulated switchgear 1 of FIG. 1 is shown by the solid line 12 . On the one hand, a more uniform temperature distribution can be seen, and on the other hand, a lower maximum temperature also occurs. This leads to a somewhat increased safe range of use of the gas-insulated switchgear 1 .

A section through the exemplary circuit breaker 2 of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 3 . As already stated, the circuit breaker 2 comprises a first conductor part 7 and a second conductor part 8 at its respective inlet and outlet. For switching, an electrically conductive connection between the first and the second conductor part 7 , 8 is established or interrupted. The first conductor part and the second conductor part have respective front ends 15, 17 facing each other. An insulating part 10 is arranged between the front ends 15 , 17 . A movable conductor 12 having a smaller diameter is arranged inside the insulating member 10 . The movable conductor 12 and the first conductor part 7 and the second conductor part 8 which are fixedly arranged inside the housing 6 have a substantially circular cross section. The movable conductor 12 is supported by a movable slider 13 . The movable slide plate 13 is arranged inside the first conductor part 7 and slides on the conductive rod 28 in the leftward and rightward directions in FIG. 3 .

The diameter of the largest part of the movable conductor 12 corresponds to the diameter of the contact element 16 fixed to the front end 15 of the first conductor part 7 constituting the first zone 7.1. The radial dimension of the movable conductor 12 decreases in the direction towards the second conductor part 8 . Thus, the movable conductor 12 comprises a conical portion and two cylindrical portions at the first end and the second end. The first cylindrical part is in contact with the contact element 16 , while the second cylindrical part is electrically connectable to its counterpart 14 . The counterpart 14 is supported in a fixed manner on the front end 17 of the second conductor part 8 and is likewise indicated as the first region 8 . 1 of the second conductor part 8 . When the first conductor part 7 and the second conductor part 8 are electrically conductively connected to each other, the second cylindrical part of the movable conductor 12 touches the counterpart 14 in the manner shown. To open the circuit breaker 2 , the movable slide 13 is pulled to the left, thereby firstly disconnecting the movable contact 12 from the counterpart 14 . The movable contact piece 12 and the counter piece 14 together form a so-called rated current contact. After disconnecting the movable contact 12 from the counterpart 14 , the conductive connection established by the conducting rod 28 and the counter conducting rod 20 still exists. In order to disconnect the first conductor part 7 from the second conductor part 8 in a second step, the conducting rod 28 is likewise pulled to the left independently of the movable slide 13 .

The first conductor part 7 and the second conductor part 8 have a relatively constant ohmic resistance and cross-sectional area relative to their length. But since the nominal current flows through the movable contact 12 and the counterpart 14 when the switch is closed, the current also flows through the region of higher ohmic resistance. This is in particular the first zone 7 . 1 around the contact 16 on the side of the first conductor part 7 and the counterpart 14 as the first zone 8 . Consequently, heat is generated in areas of higher ohmic resistance that must be conducted and eventually dissipated. Thus, the point of the first conductor part 7 with the highest temperature is located in the first zone 7.1 in the vicinity of the front end 15. With respect to Figures 1 and 2, this corresponds to point B.

According to the invention, the hollow first conductor part 7 internally includes a heat pipe assembly 18 . In Fig. 3, the heat pipe assembly 18 consists of two heat pipes 18.1 and 18.2. More tubes can be arranged and distributed on the circumference of the first conductor part 7 . The hot end of the heat pipe assembly 18 is connected thermally conductively to the first zone 7 . 1 on the inner radial step which is supposed to support the contact element 16 . Thus, in the illustrated embodiment of the movable conductor 12 , this inner radial step is the first zone 7 . This end of the heat pipe assembly 18 is the evaporator side. The opposite end of the heat pipe assembly 18 is the condenser side which is thermally connected to the cooler second zone 7.2 of the first conductor part 7 positioned at a distance from the first zone 7.1.

Preferably, the second conductor part 8 also surrounds a further heat pipe assembly 19 comprising at least two individual heat pipes 19.1 and 19.2. The evaporator sides of the heat pipes 19.1 and 19.2 are connected to a counterpart 14 which is part of the second conductor part 8 and which constitutes the first region 8.1 of the second conductor part 8 . This first zone is at the same potential due to being fixedly connected to the front end of the rigid part 8'. The condenser sides of the tubes 19.1 and 19.2 are connected to a second zone 8.2 which is offset relative to and cooler than the first zone 8.1.

Thus, the heat pipe assemblies 18 and 19 improve the flow of heat from the hot spots of the first conductor part 7 and the second conductor part 8 to respective cooler regions of the same conductor part 7 or 8 .

In an alternative embodiment, in the case of free air contact, the connection contacts 201.1 and 201.2 of the circuit breaker 2 are arranged to contact the first One and second conductor parts 7 and 8 . Preferably, the connecting contacts 201.1 and 201.2 are arranged at the upper sides of the conductor parts 7 and 8 and pass through the housing 6 in such a way that the volume inside the housing 6 remains isolated from the outside. The connection contacts 201 . 1 and 201 . 2 are used for supporting/removing current to/from the conductor parts 7 and 8 and also for taking away heat generated in the conductor parts 7 and 8 . It is therefore advantageous for a live case circuit breaker/grounded case circuit breaker to provide the second regions 7.2 and 8.2 of the conductor parts 7 and 8 in the vicinity of the connection contacts 201.1 and 201.2. Thus, the heat from the first zones 7.1 and 8.1 is conducted via the heat pipe assemblies 18 and 19 to the connection contacts 201.1 and 201.2 which function as heat sinks. The connection contacts 201.1 and 201.2 are drawn in dashed lines, since they relate to an alternative embodiment.

In Fig. 4, a section of the disconnector 3 is shown. The disconnector 3 comprises a first conductor part 70 and a second conductor part 80 which are so-called disconnector contacts. The first conductor part 70 and the second conductor part 80 are similar to those of the circuit breaker of FIG. 3 and which have already been explained with reference to FIG. 3 for the circuit breaker 2 . The first conductor part 70 and the second conductor part 80 are arranged fixedly relative to the housing 6 . The first conductor part 70 and the second conductor part 80 are hollow and can be connected to each other by means of a further movable conductor. Additional movable conductors include two hollow conductive cylinders 22 and 23 . Conductive cylinders 22 and 23 are fixed to spindle nut 24 . The spindle nut 24 is arranged relative to the spindle 21 which is operable from outside the housing 6 . When the spindle 21 is turned, the spindle nut 24 and thus the conductive elements 22 and 23 can move in the axial direction of the spindle 21 . The spindle nut 24 is supported by guide rods 25 and 26 .

Conductive cylinders 22 and 23 are arranged on opposite sides of the spindle nut 24 . The conductive cylinder 22 electrically conductively contacts a further contact element 160 arranged at the inner edge of the first conductor part 70, constituting the first zone 70.1, while the further conductive cylinder 23 may be arranged opposite to the first conductor part 70. ground contact element 161 at the end. When the main shaft 21 rotates clockwise, the main shaft nut 24 will move to the left in the figure until the ground contact element 161 is connected to the ground contact piece 162 through another conductive cylinder 23 . The ground contact 162 may also comprise a special contact element in permanent contact with the housing 6 . It is evident that a similar contact element 164 is arranged at the second conductor element 80 .

The heat pipe assembly 27 , consisting of at least two individual heat pipes 27 . 1 and 27 . 2 in the figure, is connected with its evaporator side to the first region 70 . On the other hand, the condenser side of the heat pipe assembly 27 is thermally connected to the first conductor member 70 at a point remote from the first zone 70.1 and constituting a cooler second zone 70.2. By supporting the first conductor part 70 at the outer wall with an additional cooling element 200 located near the second zone 70.2 of the first conductor part 70, the cooling performance of the heat pipe assembly 27 can be improved. Therefore, the heat transferred from the connection element 160 to the second zone through the heat pipe assembly 27 can be efficiently dissipated.

In addition, the heat pipe assembly 29, consisting of at least two individual heat pipes 29.1 and 29.2 in the figure, is connected with its evaporator side to the first region 80.1 of the second conductor part 80 close to the contact element 164 of the second conductor part 80. On the other hand, the condenser side of the heat pipe assembly 29 is thermally connected to the second conductor part 80 at a point remote therefrom constituting the cooler second zone 80.2. The first zone 80.1 is displaced about a distance from the second zone 80.2 along the current path 5 for equalizing the temperature between the first zone 80.1 and the second zone 80.2.

In Fig. 5, a cross-sectional view through line A-A as shown in Fig. 3 is shown. It can be seen that the heat pipe assembly 30 comprises a plurality of individual heat pipes 30.1 to 30.5. The individual heat pipes 30.1 to 30.5 are connected to the first conductor part 7, for example by means of cable connections. The cable connection is preferably produced by extruding the end of the tubular heat pipe and inserting it into at least one hole. Therefore, easy installation of the heat pipe assembly 30 is achieved. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the evaporator side of the heat pipe assembly 30 is connected to the radial steps at the front end 15 of the first conductor part 7, all the individual heat pipes 30.1 to 30.5 along the sides of the hollow truncated cone arranged by area. Preferably, the plurality of individual heat pipes 30.1 to 30.5 are mainly arranged on a first side or a second side of a plane which extends through the longitudinal axis of the first conductor part 7 . In this context, "mainly" means that at least 60%, in particular at least 70%, in particular at least 80%, at least 90%, in particular 100% of the tubes 30.1 to 30.5 as shown are in said on the side. Preferably, it is the upper half of the inner volume of the first conductor part 7 if the longitudinal axis is arranged in the horizontal direction during operation. Even more preferably, the plurality of tubes 30.1 to 30.5 are arranged at the same distance from each other.

Figure 6 shows another preferred embodiment of the heat pipe assembly. The heat pipe assembly 31 is this time a segment of a hollow truncated cone shown in perspective in FIG. 7 . The heat pipe arrangement 31 itself extends alongside a segment of the side area of the hollow truncated cone, wherein the narrower end of the heat pipe arrangement 31 is directed towards the hot side, ie towards the first zone 7 . 1 . Flanges 32 , 33 are respectively arranged at both ends. Holes have been arranged in the flange in order to attach the heat pipe assembly 31 to the first conductor part 7 . Flange 32 and flange 33 are oriented at right angles to each other.

FIG. 8 shows a section along the longitudinal direction of the heat pipe assembly 31 . As can be seen in the sectional view, the flanges 32 , 33 are only made of plate-like material in order to join the heat pipe 31 to the first conductor part 7 . It is obvious that the specific configuration of the heat pipe can easily be modified in order to attach the heat pipe to the second conductor part 8 . In the sectional view according to FIG. 8 it can be seen that the material with the capillaries 36 is arranged in the volume enclosed by the heat pipe 31 with the top plate 34 and the bottom plate 35 (made of copper, for example). If heat is applied at the flange 32, the liquid filling the volume will evaporate at the hot end. Vapor will flow between the material with capillaries 36 to the cold end of the heat pipe assembly 31 . At the cold end (which is the side of the flange 33 ), the liquid will condense back and will be retransmitted to the hot end by capillary forces inside the material 36 .

In Fig. 9, another cross-sectional view is shown. This time, the figure is intended to illustrate the arrangement in the disconnector 3 of FIG. 4 . Contrary to the disconnector 3 shown in FIG. 4 , the spindle nut 24 is arranged on the left end side in FIG. 4 . Thus, in the sectional view, the spindle nut 24 can be seen. In order to avoid unintentional rotation of the spindle nut 24 , the spindle nut 24 is guided by three guide rods 25 , 26 and 37 . The spindle nut 24 is substantially triangular in shape with one corner at the top side. Thus, according to the sectional view, the tubes 38.1 to 38.4 of the heat pipe assembly 38 similar to the tubes 30.1 to 30.5 of FIG. 5 are arranged in the upper left or right.

Preferably, the housing of the heat pipe assembly 18, 19, 27, 29, 30, 31, 38 is electrically conductive, so that inexpensive metallic materials can be used to produce the heat pipe assembly 18, 19, 27, 29, 30, 31, 38 .

The temperature of the working medium of the heat pipe assemblies 18, 19, 27, 29, 30, 31, 38 is in the range of about 90 to about 115° C. on the evaporator side, preferably about 105° C., and about 50° C. on the condenser side to about 75°C, preferably about 65°C.

It is to be noted that the embodiments shown with regard to heat pipes have been chosen for illustration purposes only. In particular, it is possible to have not only a small segment of a truncated cone, but also a larger segment extending to the second side of a plane passing through the longitudinal axis, or a small heat pipe whose shape corresponds to the truncated cone. complete lateral area of the cone). In that case, the capacity (which is the internal volume of the heat pipe assembly) is increased compared to the segment of the truncated cone shown in Figure 6, and the compensating flow further enhances the uniform temperature distribution.

In addition, it should be noted that, preferably, the heat transfer to the housing 6 is achieved by heat convection. This description is based on a grounded box-and-shell arrangement, but applies equally to free air contact.

Furthermore, individual features within a preferred embodiment which are shown with a particular embodiment can also be combined in an advantageous manner to features of an alternative embodiment.

Claims (17)

1. A switchgear comprising a first conductor part (7, 70), which can be electrically connected to a second conductor part (8, 80), which first conductor part (7 , 70) and the second conductor part (8, 80) are arranged in a closed volume in a housing filled with a gaseous insulating medium, It is characterized by A thermal connection formed by a heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) that only connects the first zone (7.1, 70.1) of the first conductor part (7, 70) to the first The second zone (7.2, 70.2) of the conductor part (7, 70) is thermally connected, the second zone (7.2, 70.2) is positioned at a certain distance from the first zone (7.1, 70.1), wherein, when the current is in the The first region (7.1, 70.1) and the second region (7.2, 70.2) of said first conductor part (7, 70) when flowing through the switching device along the current path (5) during the operating state of the switching device at different temperature levels, wherein the first zone (7.1, 70.1) of the first conductor part (7, 70) and the second zone (7.2, 70.2) of the first conductor part (7, 70) are arranged in in an enclosed volume within the housing. 2. Switching device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, The first conductor part (7, 70) is hollow, and the heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) is arranged in the hollow first conductor part (7, 70). 3. Switching device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that, At least 60% of the heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) is arranged on the first or second side of a plane extending through the longitudinal axis of the first and/or second conductor part. 4. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The evaporator side of the heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) is connected to the first conductor part ( 7, 70) are in thermal contact, wherein at least one electrically conductive connection allows current to be carried in the operating state of the switching device. 5. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The condenser side of the heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) is connected to said first conductor part ( 7, 70) on. 6. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The switchgear (1) comprises a circuit breaker (2) or a disconnector (3, 4), or comprises both a circuit breaker (2) and a disconnector (3, 4). 7. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) is electrically located on a high voltage potential or on a high current path in the operating state of the switching device. 8. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) includes heat pipes shaped as hollow truncated cones or segments of hollow truncated cones. 9. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The heat pipe assembly (30) includes a plurality of individual pipe-like heat pipes (30.1-30.5; 38.1-38.4). 10. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The heat pipe assembly includes a substantially tubular heat pipe, wherein the evaporator side of the substantially tubular heat pipe and its condenser side are enclosed. 11. Switching device according to claim 10, It is characterized in that, The closed sides of the heat pipe each form a flange (32, 33) for fixing the heat pipe (31) to the first and second conductor parts (7, 70, 8, 80), respectively. 12. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The first zone (7.1, 70.1) is displaced a certain distance from the second zone (7.2, 70.2) along the current path. 13. A switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, It is characterized in that, The first zone (14) of said second conductor part (8, 80) is connected to the second zone (8') of said second conductor part (8, 80) by means of a further heat pipe assembly (19, 29) Above, the second region (8') of the second conductor part (8, 80) is positioned to be biased relative to the first region (14) of the second conductor part (8, 80) with respect to the direction of current flow Shifting, the first and second regions of the second conductor part (8, 80) are at different temperature levels when a rated current flows during the operating state of the switching device. 14. A medium or high voltage substation comprising at least one switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 13. 15. A method of heat balancing in a switchgear comprising the steps of: A first conductor part (7, 70) is provided in a closed volume in a housing filled with a gaseous insulating medium, which first conductor part (7, 70) can be electrically connected to a second conductor part (8, 80), It is characterized by providing a thermal connection only between the first zone of the first conductor part (7, 70) and the second zone (7.2, 70.2) of the first conductor part, the second zone being positioned at a distance from the first zone ( 7.1, 70.1) at a certain distance, Wherein, when the current passes through the switching device along the current path (5) during the operating state of the switching device, the first region (7.1, 70.1) and the second region of the first conductor part (7, 70) at different temperature levels, And wherein, the first region (7.1, 70.1) of the first conductor part (7, 70) and the second region (7.2, 70.2) of the first conductor part (7, 70) are arranged in the housing in a closed volume, and cooling the first zone (7.1, 70.1) in the operating state of the switching device by reducing the temperature difference between the first zone and the second zone by means of the thermal connection formed by the heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31), the The heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) thermally connects the first zone (7.1, 70.1) and the second zone of the first conductor part (7, 70). 16. The heat balance method according to claim 15, It is characterized in that, The heat pipe assembly (18, 30, 31) is electrically located on a high voltage potential or on a high current path in the operating state of the switching device. 17. The heat balance method according to claim 15 or 16, It is characterized by At a first phase change temperature of the working medium in the range of 90 degrees Celsius to 115 degrees Celsius, the working medium is allowed to flow in the heat pipe assembly ( 18, 30, 31), and The working medium is condensed in the heat pipe assembly at the second zone (7.2, 70.2) at a second phase transition temperature of the working medium in the range of 50°C to 75°C.