CN101966423B - Occlusion catalyst type NOx decreasing apparatus using a plasma reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a storage catalyst type NOx reduction device using a plasma reactor to remove pollutant NOx produced by a diesel engine. This device supplies high-temperature reducing ambient gas during NOx reduction by an occlusion catalyst in an existing NOx reducer using an occlusion catalyst to effectively activate reduction and removal of NOx. The supply of high-temperature reducing ambient gas is carried out through a separate plasma reactor, so that the engine is not disturbed during operation, and the instant reaction that is characteristic of the plasma reforming reaction is used for rapid supply of ambient gas when required, is supplied to The liquid fuel and gas in the plasma reactor are effectively mixed with each other, thereby significantly improving the reforming performance of the fuel.

Description

Equipment for reducing NOx with a storage catalyst using a plasma reactor

This application is aimed at the date of application is October 9, 2006, the international application number is PCT/KR2006/004043, the national application number is 200680037559.5, and the invention name is "plasma reaction device, plasma reaction method using the device, durable Plasma reaction method of gas and device for reducing NO _x by occluding catalyst” is a divisional application of the invention patent application.

technical field

The present invention relates to a storage catalyst type NO _X reduction device using a plasma reactor, more particularly, the present invention relates to such a storage catalyst type NO _X reduction device using a plasma reactor, which is used in Supply high-temperature reducing ambient gas during the _NOx reduction process by the occlusion catalyst in the existing _NOx reduction device of the occlusion catalyst to effectively activate the reduction and removal of _NOx , and for supplying by a separate plasma reactor The high temperature reduces the ambient gas, so that the engine is not disturbed in operation, and the immediate reaction that is characteristic of the plasma reforming reaction is used to quickly supply the ambient gas when required, and to combine the liquid fuel supplied to the plasma reactor with the The gases are efficiently mixed with each other to greatly enhance the reforming performance of the fuel.

Background technique

Generally, there are three states of matter, namely solid, liquid and gas. When energy is applied to a solid, the solid turns into a liquid, and when further energy is applied to the liquid, the liquid turns into a gas. When higher energy is applied to the gas, a fourth state of matter is created - plasma, which includes electrons and ions with an electrical polarity. Essentially, plasmas are observable in the form of glows, auroras, and ionospheres in the air. In everyday life, artificially generated plasmas are contained in fluorescent, mercury and neon lamps.

When gases with high kinetic energy collide at ultrahigh temperatures, negatively charged electrons are separated from atoms or molecules, thereby forming a plasma. Plasma means a gaseous state that is divided into electrons with a negative charge and ions with a positive charge. Plasmas have a significantly increased degree of charge ionization. Plasmas generally contain approximately equal amounts of negative and positive charges, such that the charges are approximately equally densely distributed. Therefore, the plasma is almost electrically neutral.

Plasma is divided into high temperature plasma and low temperature plasma. High temperature plasma has a high temperature like an electric arc. Low-temperature plasmas have temperatures close to room temperature due to the low energy of ions and high energy of electrons. Plasma is generated by applying electricity such as direct current, ultra-high frequency, and electron beam, and is maintained by a magnetic field.

Plasma generation techniques and practical applications of plasma vary greatly depending on the pressure state in which the plasma is generated. Since plasma is stably generated in a low-pressure vacuum state, the plasma generated in this way is used for chemical reactions, deposition, and erosion in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices and in the synthesis of new materials. Plasma generated at atmospheric pressure is used to treat harmful gases in the environment or to create new substances.

A plasma reaction device using plasma is required to have operability to rapidly initiate a reaction, high durability, and reaction efficiency. At the time of the plasma reaction, the form of the electrode and the furnace and the state used for the reaction such as voltage and additives are key factors for the plasma reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a plasma reaction apparatus of a desired configuration corresponding to desired performance, and to propose a plasma reaction method for optimizing a reaction state.

Contents of the invention

technical problem

The present invention provides an occlusion catalyst type NO _x reduction device using a plasma reactor that independently supplies high-temperature reducing ambient gas without interfering with the operation of the engine, and that is quickly supplied when necessary by immediate reaction that is characteristic of the plasma reforming reaction ambient gas, the present invention also provides a device for reducing NOx by using a plasma reactor through a occlusion catalyst.

The present invention also provides a storage catalyst type NO _x reduction device using a plasma reactor, which achieves simplification of construction by receiving fuel in a storage device for supplying fuel to an engine, and is supplied to the The liquid fuel and gas of the plasma reactor can significantly improve the reforming performance of the fuel, and the invention also provides a device for reducing NOx by using the plasma reactor through the storage catalyst.

Beneficial effect

As described above, the plasma reactor supplies high-temperature reducing ambient gas during the _NOx reduction process by the occlusion catalyst in the device for reducing _NOx using the occlusion catalyst to effectively activate the reduction and removal of _NOx .

In this plasma reactor, the high temperature reducing ambient gas is fed through a separate plasma reactor so that the engine is not disturbed during operation, and the instant reaction which is characteristic of the plasma reforming reaction is used for rapid supply when required ambient gas.

Furthermore, since the plasma reactor receives fuel in storage means for supplying fuel to the engine, a simple arrangement can be realized.

In addition, the plasma reactor effectively mixes liquid fuel and gas supplied to the plasma reactor with each other, thereby greatly improving fuel reforming performance.

Thus, the above-mentioned effects achieve the object of the present invention, which is to effectively remove the pollutant _NOx to be beneficial to the environment.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction region enlarged by the plasma reaction apparatus shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which a raw material inflow pipe is operably connected to a furnace in the plasma reaction apparatus shown in Fig. 1 .

4 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction region retained by the plasma reaction device shown in FIG. 4 .

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the plasma reaction device shown in Fig. 4 .

7 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which an inflow path is formed at an electrode in the plasma reaction apparatus shown in FIG. 7 .

9 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for reducing NOx according to the present invention.

11 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma reactor in an apparatus for reducing NOx according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a cross-sectional view of fluid flow in a plasma reactor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be described more fully and clearly with reference to the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction region enlarged by the plasma reaction device shown in Fig. 1; 1 is a cross-sectional view of the structure in which the raw material inflow pipe is operatively connected to the furnace in the plasma reaction device.

The plasma reaction device includes: a furnace, raw material inflow pipes and electrodes. The furnace includes a hollow portion and includes a discharge opening formed in an upper portion of the furnace for discharging plasma reactants. A raw material inflow pipe for supplying raw materials for plasma reaction into the interior of the furnace is operatively connected to the lower portion of the furnace, and a feed opening positioned in the furnace is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the furnace. , so that the supplied raw material advances in the furnace in a rotating flow manner. Electrodes for generating a discharge voltage required for plasma reaction of raw materials supplied into the furnace are positioned on the furnace floor and spaced a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the furnace. The furnace is characterized by an enlarged width of the portion positioned above the electrodes. Thus, when the raw material supplied to the inside of the furnace undergoes a plasma reaction, the furnace expands the plasma reaction region, thereby forming a widened region chamber to temporarily retain the plasma reaction region.

As shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the plasma reaction device 50 includes a furnace 10 , an electrode 30 and a raw material inflow pipe 20 .

The furnace 10 is formed to include a hollow to form a space for plasma reaction. The specific structure and shape of the furnace will be described below.

An electrode 30 for generating a discharge voltage for causing a plasma reaction of raw materials supplied into the furnace 10 is located at the bottom of the furnace 10 at a predetermined distance from an inner wall of the furnace 10 . The electrode 30 has the following characteristics in shape.

The electrode 30 comprises a conical upper portion and a cylindrically extending lower portion. Therefore, on the electrode 30, the width of the substantially middle portion is relatively enlarged compared with other portions. The lower part of the cylindrical extension of the electrode 30 is relatively narrower in width than the upper part of the electrode 30 . The apex of the cone and the part connecting the cone and cylinder are smooth surfaces.

According to the shape characteristics of the electrode 30 , the reaction chamber 15 is formed in a section in which the electrode 30 is located inside the furnace 10 . In the reaction chamber 15, a plasma reaction is performed by the raw material flowing in from the raw material inflow pipe 20 and the raw material inflow chamber 13 operatively connected to the raw material inflow pipe 20 described below. That is, the raw material inflow chamber 13 and the reaction chamber 15 are separated by the middle portion (relative to the lower portion of the conical shape) of the electrode 30 whose width is enlarged. The raw material inflow chamber 13 is extended and formed in a narrow cylindrical shape. Since the interval between the portion where the electrode 30 expands in width and the inner wall of the furnace 10 becomes relatively narrow, the raw material flowing into the furnace does not immediately advance to the reaction chamber 15 . On the contrary, the raw materials advance to the reaction chamber 15 after they are temporarily held in the raw material inflow chamber 13 having a relatively large volume and sufficiently mixed. That is, the above-mentioned shape of the electrode 30 enables the section in which the electrode 30 is formed in the furnace 10 to be divided into the raw material inflow chamber 13 and the reaction chamber 15, enables the raw material inflow chamber 13 to have a sufficient volume and enables the supply from the raw material inflow chamber 13 The raw materials can be restricted to advance into the reaction chamber 15, so that the raw materials are thoroughly mixed.

The raw material inflow pipe 20 is operatively connected to the lower portion of the furnace 10 to flow the raw material for the plasma reaction into the raw material inflow chamber 13 inside the furnace 10 . The number of raw material inflow pipes is not limited. A feed opening (hereinafter referred to as an inflow hole) on the furnace connected to the raw material inflow pipe 20 is formed to be inclined with respect to the wall surface of the furnace 10, that is, the inflow hole 21 has a swirl shape. The inflow hole 21 allows the raw material to form a swirling flow and advance in the furnace. This enables the feedstock to form a swirling flow and advance within the reaction chamber 15 . Thus, the raw material rotates in the circumferential direction while moving upward instead of moving directly upward along the length of the furnace 10 . The rotating advance of the raw material improves the plasma reaction efficiency under the same volume.

According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the ideal solution of the structure and shape of the furnace 10 is as follows:

The furnace 10 is formed to include a hollow portion. The appearance of the furnace 10 is roughly cylindrical. As mentioned above, the lower portion of the furnace 10 is connected to the raw material inflow pipe 20 . The upper part of the furnace 10 is opened to form a discharge opening 11 . The discharge opening 11 is formed to discharge plasma reactants. The width of the upper part of the furnace 10 is enlarged, thereby forming a widened area chamber 17 in the upper part of the furnace 10 . The widened region chamber 17 may be located above the tip of the electrode 30 . That is, the furnace 10 has a wider portion above the electrodes 30 . According to the above description, the raw material inflow chamber 13, the reaction chamber 15, and the widening region chamber 17 are sequentially formed from the lower position to the upper position of the furnace 10. Since the widened region chamber 17 is larger than the reaction chamber 15, when the raw material forms a plasma reaction in the reaction chamber 15, the plasma reaction region is enlarged by the widened region chamber 17 and temporarily reserved. This increases the time during which the plasma reaction products remain, thereby favoring additional high-temperature reactions and having the effect of precluding the formation of discontinuous plasmas. The point at which the widened region chamber 17 and the reaction chamber 15 are divided within the furnace 10, that is, the starting point of the expansion inside the furnace 10 may be formed as a tip 19 instead of a smooth curved surface. For this, a portion located above the electrode 30 inside the furnace 10 is formed to expand in a right-angle shape. According to the structure that the furnace 10 expands in a right angle shape, the horizontal expansion of the plasma reaction area in the widened area chamber 17 is improved, and the plasma reaction can be continuously completed due to the existence of the tip 19 to make the plasma rotate.

When the resident plasma is formed by the widened-area chamber 17 , a rotating plasma is generated through the tip 19 formed between the reaction chamber 15 and the widened-area chamber 17 at the tip of the electrode 30 . The distance from the tip 19 formed between the reaction chamber 15 and the widened region chamber 17 to the tip of the electrode 30 is a factor determining the thermal properties of the formed plasma.

An auxiliary feedstock inflow pipe 25 for supplying additional feedstock to the widened zone chamber 17 is operatively connected to the furnace 10 , thereby enabling additional reactions to be carried out with the feedstock added in the widened zone chamber 17 .

When the diameter of the discharge opening 11 is formed to be smaller than that of the widened-area chamber 17 in the furnace 10, the plasma reactants may stay or stop in the widened-area chamber 17 more. In the first embodiment, the upper part of the furnace is enlarged once, but it can also be enlarged in several steps and/or several times. Such modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.

Regarding the shape of the reactor, when the enlarged area is formed in a stepped shape at the rear of the reactor, the plasma formed in this state will not leave and will adhere to the tip of the electrode while continuously being discharged and rotated. In a state where the hydrocarbon fuel is partially oxidized, the resident plasma becomes persistent due to the high temperature and the concentration of highly reactive species such as electrons and ions, thereby improving the performance of the reformed fuel.

4 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction region retained by the plasma reaction device shown in FIG. 4 , and FIG. Cross-sectional view of the plasma reaction setup shown.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.

The plasma reaction method for decomposing persistent gas includes: flowing persistent gas, hydrocarbon fuel and oxidant into the furnace through a raw material inflow tube operatively connected to the furnace, so that when the persistent gas passes through electrodes installed on the furnace and When the plasma reaction is carried out by the discharge voltage generated between the inner walls of the furnace, the plasma region is in a state of higher temperature caused by the heat generated by the oxidation reaction of the fuel and is lower in density; when positioned in the zone above the electrodes in the furnace When the width of the section is expanded to form a right-angle step on the length of the furnace, the plasma reaction area generated during the plasma reaction remains in the enlarged section to generate continuous plasma reactions; and a plurality of The inflow hole and the inflow hole are inclined at a predetermined angle with the normal direction of the inner wall of the furnace, and the inflow hole is used to operatively connect the raw material inflow pipe and the inside of the furnace.

The present invention having the above-mentioned features will be more clearly described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Before describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the present invention relates to a method of decomposing persistent gases by plasma reactions and that persistent gases can be any of the conventional gases that contribute to global warming, such as _CF4 , _{C2 F6} , _SF6 and NF or mixtures thereof, but any other persistent gas is within the scope of this invention.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a desired composition and structure of a plasma reaction device 50 for a persistent gas plasma reaction is proposed.

A raw material inflow pipe 20 for inflowing a persistent gas, a hydrocarbon fuel, and an oxidizing agent subjected to a plasma reaction is connected to the furnace 10 including a hollow portion. An electrode 30 for generating a discharge voltage for a plasma reaction between the electrode 30 and an inner wall of the furnace 10 is installed inside the furnace 10 .

In the structure for operatively connecting the raw material inflow pipe 20 with the furnace 10, a plurality of inflow holes 21 are formed on the wall surface of the furnace 10 for establishing operative connection between the raw material inflow pipe 20 and the furnace 10 interior. The inflow hole 21 is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the normal direction of the inner wall of the furnace 10 . Between the inflow hole 21 of the furnace 10 and the raw material inflow pipe 20, a space 21a in which gas (fuel and oxidant) flowing into the furnace 10 temporarily stays is formed.

According to the above, the gas flowing through the raw material inflow pipe 20 temporarily stays in the space 21 a and then is uniformly dispersed in the furnace 10 through the plurality of inflow holes 21 . Since the inflow hole 21 is formed inclined, the inflowing gas forms a swirling flow in the furnace 10 and advances.

As described above, the widened region chamber 17 is formed in the furnace 10 for remaining the plasma reaction region generated when the plasma reacts. The widened area chamber 17 is formed with the enlargement of the width of the section in the furnace 10 above the electrode 30 .

The section above the electrode 30 in the furnace 10 is enlarged so that right-angled steps are formed in the length direction of the furnace 10 . Thus, when the enlarged section is formed within the furnace 10, the tip 19 is formed at the starting point.

In the plasma reaction device 50 having the above structure, the persistent gas, the hydrocarbon fuel and the oxidizing agent first flow into the furnace through the raw material inflow pipe 20 in a partially oxidized state. In a second embodiment, _CH4 is used as fuel and _O2 is used as oxidant.

Any other combustible gas may be used as the fuel and any other gas that initiates an oxidation reaction of the fuel may be used as the oxidant.

The persistent gas, fuel and oxidant may flow into furnace 10 sequentially or simultaneously.

That is, the persistent gas may flow into the furnace 10 after the fuel and the oxidant flow into the furnace 10 . Or fuel, oxidant and persistent gas flow into the furnace 10 at the same time

As described above, when the persistent gas, fuel, and oxidant flow into the furnace 10 , the persistent gas undergoes a plasma reaction by a discharge voltage generated between the electrode 30 installed in the furnace 10 and the inner wall of the furnace 10 . Subsequently, the plasma region is at a higher temperature state caused by heat generated by the fuel oxidation reaction, thereby reducing the density of the plasma region. In the enlarged plasma reaction zone, the density of electrons increases as the current becomes higher, and the decomposition of the persistent gas proceeds with the rapid increase of highly reactive atomic groups generated during electron collisions and oxidation reactions get accelerated. In addition, atomic groups and ions having high reactivity are generated during the oxidation reaction, thereby increasing reactivity.

Thus, the fuel and oxidant increase the efficiency of the persistent gas plasma reaction, thereby increasing the decomposability of the persistent gas. Furthermore, the widened area chamber 17 formed within the furnace 10 enables a continuous plasma reaction of the persistent gas

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the widened region chamber 17 formed in the furnace 10 expands the plasma reaction zone generated by the plasma reaction of the persistent gas inside the furnace 10, and the widened region chamber 17 The tip 19 formed by the starting point of the plasma reaction zone maintains the plasma reaction zone, so that the plasma reaction zone remains in the widened region chamber 17 instead of being directly discharged through the discharge opening 37 of the furnace 10 . In addition, since the persistent gas flowing into the furnace 10 forms a swirling flow in the furnace 10 as described above, there is a possibility that the plasma reaction region is more attached to the tip 19 of the widened region chamber 17 .

As described above, while the plasma reaction region remains in the furnace 10, the persistent gas subsequently flowing into the furnace 10 continuously performs the plasma reaction through the previously generated plasma reaction region. Accordingly, a continuous plasma reaction is formed, thereby preventing reaction losses from being formed by discontinuous plasma reactions from periodically and repeatedly generated plasma reaction regions.

7 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in which an inflow path is formed at an electrode in the plasma reaction device shown in FIG. 7 . A third embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

A plasma reaction device according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes: a furnace; electrodes and a heat sink. The furnace includes a lower side connected to a raw material inflow pipe for supplying raw materials required for a plasma reaction, an upper part forming a discharge opening for discharging plasma reactants, and a hollow part in which a section located above an electrode is enlarged in width , thereby forming a widened region chamber for temporarily retaining a plasma reaction region when the raw material supplied into the furnace undergoes a plasma reaction. The electrodes protrude into the furnace and are used to generate a discharge voltage for the plasma reaction of the supplied raw materials. Electrodes are placed and attached to the bottom of the furnace, spaced a predetermined distance from the wall surface of the furnace. The heat absorbing tank is operably connected with each liquid raw material inflow pipe for allowing the liquid raw material to flow into the chamber formed in the furnace, and a liquid raw material supply pipe connected to the furnace at one side , used to supply the liquid raw material flowing into the chamber into the furnace. The heat absorbing groove is located in the chamber of the widened region, so that the liquid raw material flowing into the chamber absorbs the heat in the chamber.

A plasma reaction apparatus having the above features will be more clearly described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention.

A plasma reaction device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Before describing the plasma reaction device according to the third embodiment, it should be pointed out that the present invention relates to a device for performing a reforming reaction of a liquid or gaseous raw material by a plasma reaction or a device for treating various Hazardous material raw materials such as waste and vehicle exhaust, the raw materials mentioned below include chemical components and various harmful substances that are harmful to the environment.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , a plasma reaction device 50 according to the third embodiment basically includes a furnace 10 , an electrode 30 and a heat sink 93 .

The furnace 10 includes a hollow portion for providing a space for a plasma reaction and has a substantially cylindrical shape. The furnace 10 includes a lower side connected to a raw material inflow pipe 91 for receiving raw materials required for a plasma reaction, and an upper part forming a discharge opening 92 for discharging a plasma reactant.

The characteristic structure and shape of the furnace 10 will be described in more detail below.

In the upper part of the furnace 10 , a widened area chamber 17 is formed as the width of the section located above the electrode 30 expands. When the widened region chamber 17 is formed in the furnace 10, the plasma reaction region formed by the plasma reaction on the section in which the electrode 30 is located in the furnace 10 is enlarged by the widened region chamber 17 and temporarily remains there. . Thus, the residence time of the plasma reaction products is increased, thereby favoring additional reactions at high temperatures and having the effect of excluding discontinuous formation of the plasma. A region of higher temperature is formed in the widened region chamber 17 since the plasma reaction region is preserved. This is beneficial for the liquid raw material to absorb the heat in the heat-absorbing tank 93, which will be described later. The upper part of the furnace 10 is curved to form a right-angled step. The discharge opening 92 formed at the top end of the upper part of the furnace 10 is not positioned on the vertical extension of the chamber 17 of the widened area. According to the above-described structure, the plasma reaction region is largely retained in the widened region chamber 17 . As a resultant operational effect, a more reliable high temperature region is formed in the widened region chamber 17 .

The electrodes 30 protrude into the furnace 10 and generate a discharge voltage for causing a plasma reaction of raw materials supplied into the furnace 10 . The electrode 30 is spaced a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the furnace 10 and passes through the bottom of the furnace 10 connected thereto. The electrodes 30 are connected to an external power source (not shown) to generate a voltage. Electrode 30 has the following characteristics in shape:

The upper part of the electrode 30 has a conical shape and the lower part has an extended cylindrical shape. Thus, in the electrode 30 , the width of the substantially middle portion corresponding to the conical bottom portion is relatively enlarged compared with other portions. The lower portion formed to extend in a cylindrical shape is relatively narrower in width than the upper portion of the electrode 30 . The apex of the cone and the portion connecting the cone and cylinder are smoothly curved on the electrode 30 . According to the above structure, the interval between the electrode 30 and the inner wall of the furnace 10 differs depending on the height direction of the electrode 30 . That is, the space between the electrode 30 and the inner wall of the furnace 10 is narrower around the middle portion of the electrode 30 , and the space around the middle portion of the electrode 30 maintains a relatively widened space from the inner wall of the furnace 10 at upper and lower portions. Thus, when the raw material flows into the section below the middle portion of the electrode 30 in the furnace 10, since the space between the middle portion of the electrode 30 and the inner wall of the furnace 10 is narrow, the raw material is temporarily retained, and at the bottom of the furnace 10 The lower portion is well mixed and advanced instead of directly advancing to the upper portion of the electrode 30 .

In addition, the electrodes include structures for the additional supply of liquid feedstock, as will be described below.

A raw material inflow chamber 35 having a predetermined space is formed inside the electrode 30 . An auxiliary liquid raw material supply pipe 31 for flowing the liquid raw material into the raw material inflow chamber 35 is connected to the bottom of the electrode 30 . An inflow passage 94 for supplying the raw material in the raw material inflow chamber 35 into the furnace 10 (preferably to the lower portion of the electrode) is formed through the inner wall of the electrode 30 . Thus, the liquid raw material is additionally supplied into the furnace 10 without connecting any additional pipes to the furnace 10 .

The auxiliary gas supply pipe 33 is operatively connected with the auxiliary liquid raw material supply pipe 31 . Thus, the liquid raw material and the gas for separating the liquid raw material into fine particles flow into the raw material inflow chamber 35 , thereby allowing the liquid raw material to be sufficiently dispersed in the raw material inflow chamber 35 and the furnace 10 .

The heat sink 93 is installed in the furnace 10 so as to be located in the widened area chamber 17 . The heat-absorbing groove 93 is spherical in appearance. A chamber 55 having a predetermined space is formed inside the heat absorbing groove 93 . The heat sink 93 is operatively connected with the liquid raw material inflow pipe 51 for flowing the liquid raw material into the chamber 55 . The heat sink 93 is operatively connected with the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 for supplying the liquid raw material flowing into the chamber 55 into the furnace 10 . That is to say, one side of the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 is operatively connected to the furnace 10 , and the other side is operatively connected to the heat sink 93 , so that the liquid raw material in the chamber 55 is supplied into the furnace 10 . One side of the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 can be operatively connected to the lower part of the furnace 10, preferably the section below the middle part of the electrode 30, and can wrap around the outer circumferential surface of the furnace 10 to absorb heat from the furnace 10. Preferably, the liquid raw material inflow pipe 51 may be operatively connected to the upper portion of the heat sink 93 and may be perpendicular to the bottom of the furnace 10 . This structure allows the liquid raw material to be supplied vertically from the upper part to the lower part until the chamber 55 of the heat-absorbing tank 93 . Therefore, the liquid raw material supplied into the chamber 55 can reach the bottom surface of the heat absorption groove 93 more directly and more easily, and contact with the high temperature plasma reaction area in the furnace 10, thereby improving the heat absorption efficiency. The liquid raw material inflow pipe 51 may be parallel to the bottom of the furnace 10 and may be operatively connected to one side of the heat sink 93 . This structure is advantageous when a plurality of liquid raw material inflow pipes 51 are operatively connected to the heat absorbing tank 93 . For example, when multiple or more liquid material inflow pipes 51 are operatively connected to the heat absorption tank 93 to face each other, the liquid material supplied to the chamber 55 of the heat absorption tank 93 through each liquid material inflow tube 51 Raw materials are mixed more efficiently. The third embodiment shows a single liquid feedstock inflow pipe 51 operatively connected to the upper portion of the heat sink 93 and perpendicular to the bottom of the furnace 10 . Since the liquid raw material inflow pipe 51 is operatively connected to the heat sink and parallel to the bottom of the furnace, it is considered easier for those skilled in the art to apply and implement based on the third embodiment of the present invention, so it is not presented in the figure. The third embodiment shows that the liquid raw material inflow pipe 51 is operatively connected to the heat absorption tank 93 to supply the liquid raw material into the heat absorption tank 93 . However, liquid feedstock may also be sprayed into chamber 55 using spraying means (not shown) operatively connected to heat sink 93 . Such modifications clearly fall within the scope of the present invention.

The gas supply pipe 53 is operatively connected to the liquid raw material inflow pipe 51 , whereby the liquid raw material and gas for separating the liquid raw material into fine particles flow into the chamber 55 . When the liquid material and gas (for separating the liquid material into fine particles) flow into the chamber through the gas supply pipe 53, the liquid material is more effectively dispersed or activated.

A heater 59 serving as a heating unit for forcibly heating the liquid raw material flowing into the chamber 55 is installed in the heat absorption tank 93 . At the initial point, when the high-temperature environment is not completely formed in the widened region chamber 17 of the furnace 10, that is, when the operation of the plasma reaction device 50 starts, the heater 59 forcibly heats the liquid raw material or material flowing into the chamber 55. Let it vaporize.

The heater 59 is electrically connected to an external power source (not shown). The heater 59 is located in the heat absorbing groove 93 and protrudes in the cavity 55 of the heat absorbing groove 93 . Although the heater 59 may be installed in the wall frame of the heat absorption tank 93, it is installed to protrude in the chamber 55 so that the raw material directly contacts the surface of the heater 59 in the chamber 55 and is effectively vaporized. When the heater 59 is installed, parts and portions for electrical connection need to be coated with an insulating material to prevent an electrical short circuit from occurring within the furnace 10 .

According to the heat absorption groove 93 and its corresponding configuration and structure as described above, the liquid raw material flowing through the liquid raw material inflow pipe absorbs heat in the chamber 55 and is dispersed or activated to be supplied to the furnace 10 through the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 Inside. Thus, the supplied liquid raw materials are more easily mixed with other raw materials (eg, gaseous raw materials) and diffused over the entire surface of the electrode, thereby enabling more efficient completion of the plasma reaction.

9 is a vertical sectional view showing a plasma reaction apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the plasma reaction apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the mixing tank 70 is formed on the outer wall of the furnace 10, and the raw material inflow pipe 91 and the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 are operatively connected to the furnace 10 through the mixing tank 70. A mixing chamber 75 with a predetermined volume is formed in the mixing tank 70 . Thus, the raw materials respectively advancing from the raw material inflow pipe 91 and the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 are mixed in the mixing chamber 75 formed in the mixing tank 70 and supplied into the furnace 10 . That is, the mixing tank 70 is operatively connected to the raw material inflow pipe 91 , the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 and the furnace 10 . The configuration of the mixing tank 70 as described above improves the mixability of the raw materials supplied through the raw material inflow pipe 91 and the liquid raw material supply pipe 57 . Additional heating units (not shown) may be installed within the mixing tank 70 if desired.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a device for reducing NOx according to the present invention; Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a plasma reactor in a device for reducing NOx according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 12 is shown in Fig. 11 Cross-sectional view of fluid flow in the plasma reactor shown. The device for reducing NOx moves exhaust gas released from an engine using hydrocarbon fuel supplied in a storage device to a storage catalyst; absorbs NOx in the exhaust gas into the storage catalyst, and then reduces the removed NOx. The device for reducing NOx includes a plasma reactor connected to the passage through which the exhaust gas moves from the engine to the storage catalyst and reforming the hydrocarbon fuel partially supplied from the storage device into the fuel from the plasma reactor through a plasma reaction. High temperature reducing ambient gas.

The device for reducing NOx includes a main body, electrodes, and a liquid fuel injection unit. The main body includes a furnace and a base. The furnace includes a discharge opening and a hollow portion. A discharge opening is formed on one side of the furnace. The hollow portion includes a heat absorbing passage formed on a wall frame constituting the thickness of the furnace, and the heat absorbing passage moves gas flowing in from the gas inflow opening and absorbs heat. The base forms the bottom of the furnace and includes the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is operatively connected to the heat sink passage and the interior of the furnace through an inflow hole formed in the furnace. The electrodes are spaced from the inner wall of the furnace, fixed on the base and protrude in the furnace to form a discharge voltage for plasma reaction in the furnace. The electrode includes a heat absorbing chamber operably connected to the mixing chamber. Liquid fuel flows into the heat absorbing chamber. The liquid fuel injection unit is fixed on the main body and supplies the liquid fuel into the heat-absorbing chamber of the electrode.

The apparatus for reducing NOx having the above features will be more clearly described with reference to preferred embodiments.

An apparatus for reducing NOx according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 , the apparatus 200 for reducing NOx according to the present invention moves exhaust gas released from an engine 220 that uses hydrocarbon fuel stored as The fuel tank 21 of the storage device is supplied with hydrocarbon fuel.

The occlusion catalyst 230 is referred to as a lean NOx trap (LNT) catalyst. When NOx in the moved exhaust gas is absorbed, the storage catalyst 230 reduces the removed NOx. Since the detailed components and actions of the occlusion catalyst 230 are well known, they will not be described.

The apparatus 200 for reducing NOx includes a plasma reactor 50 . When NOx is reduced by the storage catalyst 230 , the plasma reactor 50 sprays high-temperature reducing ambient gas supplied to the storage catalyst 230 . The plasma reactor 50 is connected to the fuel tank 210 . The plasma reactor 50 serves as a reforming device that reforms the hydrocarbon fuel supplied from the fuel tank 210 to the plasma reactor 50 into high-temperature reducing ambient gas by plasma reaction.

In the plasma reactor 50 , the discharge opening 62 may be installed toward the occlusion catalyst 230 such that the reducing ambient gas reformed by the plasma reaction is exhausted from the plasma reactor 50 and injected to the occlusion catalyst 230 . The discharge opening 62 of the plasma reactor 50 can be simply and operatively connected to a moving tube 240 through which the exhaust gas moves, as shown.

A characteristic configuration of a plasma reactor for generating a high-temperature reducing ambient gas from a hydrocarbon fuel will be described below.

The plasma reactor 50 used as the reforming device in the device 200 for reducing NOx according to the present invention basically includes a main body 60, an electrode 70 and a liquid fuel injection unit.

The main body 60 includes a furnace 61 and a base 65 .

The furnace 61 includes a hollow portion and is generally cylindrical. The discharge opening 62 is formed at one side of the furnace 51 and discharges reactants after the plasma reaction. The gas inflow opening 63 is formed on the furnace 61 and allows gas to flow into the furnace 61 . The heat absorption passage 64 is formed in the wall frame constituting the thickness of the furnace 61 and allows the gas flowing in from the gas inflow opening 63 to move in the circumferential direction and absorb heat. The heat absorption passage 64 is formed substantially in a coil shape along the circumferential direction of the furnace 61 .

The base 65 constitutes the bottom of the furnace 61 . A mixing chamber 67 of predetermined volume is formed in the base 65 . The mixing chamber 67 is operatively connected to the heat absorbing passage 64 formed on the wall frame of the furnace 61 and at the same time is operatively connected to the inside of the furnace 61 through the inflow hole 68 formed on the furnace 61 . Preferably, the inflow hole 68 may be formed at a predetermined angle to the normal inclination of the inner wall of the furnace 61, that is, in a swirl structure.

The furnace 61 and the base 65 may be integrally formed or may be formed separately to be connected to each other. The base 65 needs to include an insulator (not shown) such as ceramics to prevent current from being applied between the lower portion of the electrode 70 described below and the furnace 61 .

The electrodes 70 generate the discharge voltage required for the plasma reaction in the furnace 61 . For this, the electrode 70 is spaced a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the furnace 61 and fixed on the base 65 to protrude in the furnace 61 . The electrodes are generally conical. A heat absorption chamber 75 is formed in the electrode. The heat absorption chamber 75 is operatively connected to the mixing chamber 67 . The liquid fuel supplied from the liquid fuel injection unit flows into and temporarily remains in the heat absorption chamber 75 .

The liquid fuel injection unit is connected to the fuel tank 210 and supplies the liquid fuel stored in the fuel tank 210 into the heat absorption chamber 75 of the electrode 70 . The liquid fuel injection unit is fixed on the main body 60 . A liquid fuel injection device 80 or an injector (not shown) may be used as the liquid fuel injection unit. The liquid fuel injection device 80 injects the liquid fuel into the heat absorption chamber 75 by the moving force formed by the gas supplied from the fuel tank 210 together with the liquid fuel. An injector (not shown) injects liquid fuel directly into the heat absorbing chamber 75 of the electrode 70 .

11 and 12 show a liquid fuel injection device 80 used as a liquid fuel injection unit.

That is, the liquid fuel injection device 80 includes a liquid fuel supply pipe 81 operatively connected to the fuel tank 210 to supply liquid fuel, and a gas supply pipe 81 operatively connected to an external gas supply source independently of the liquid fuel supply pipe 81 to supply gas. Supply pipe 82, whereby liquid fuel and gas can flow in simultaneously. The side where the liquid fuel and gas are injected faces the heat absorbing chamber 75 of the electrode.

An example of operation of the apparatus for reducing NOx according to the present invention will be described below.

Exhaust gas generated during the operation of the engine 220 moves to the storage catalyst 230 through the moving pipe 240 . The moving tube 240 is operatively connected to the side of the discharge opening 62 of the plasma reactor 50, so that the high-temperature reducing ambient gas generated from the plasma reactor 50 moves to the occlusion catalyst 230 and accelerates NOx in the occlusion catalyst 230 the restoration effect.

The action of the plasma reactor 50 will be described in detail. The plasma reactor 50 receives the hydrocarbon fuel supplied from the fuel tank 210 through the liquid fuel injector 80 and at the same time makes the gas containing _O2 flow in through the gas inflow opening ₆₃ as the supplied liquid fuel (hydrocarbon Fuel) The oxidizing agent required for the reforming reaction. When the temperature is sufficiently raised and activated, the air moves through the heat absorbing passage 64 into the mixing chamber 67 . When the liquid fuel moved into the heat absorption chamber 75 of the electrode 70 by the liquid fuel injection device 80 absorbs the heat in the heat absorption chamber 75 and is vaporized and activated, the liquid fuel moves into the mixing chamber 67 to be mixed with the mixing chamber 67. The air is mixed and then flows into the furnace 61 through the inflow hole 68 .

From the above, it should be noted that the supplied air and liquid fuel flow into the furnace 61 after they are sufficiently mixed in the mixing chamber 67 . In addition, since the liquid fuel is injected directly from the heat absorption chamber 75 and the liquid fuel is prevented from directly contacting the outer surface of the electrode 70, moisture and coking of the liquid fuel are prevented from occurring. In addition, since the liquid fuel absorbing heat in the heat-absorbing chamber 75 is immediately mixed with the air in the mixing chamber 67, the liquid fuel is substantially prevented from being liquefied during the movement.

Due to the characteristic structures of the inflow hole 68 and the electrode 70, the mixed fuel of liquid fuel and air supplied into the furnace through the inflow hole 68 undergoes a plasma reaction at a relatively high efficiency compared to the volume. That is, according to the present invention, since the electrode 70 has a conical shape and the inflow hole 68 is formed in a swirl structure, the mixed fuel flowing into the furnace through the inflow hole 68 continuously undergoes a plasma reaction along the circumferential direction of the electrode 70 .

In the plasma reactor 50 as described above, the reducing ambient gas generated by reforming the liquid fuel supplied first and air as an oxidizing agent may be hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) or hydrogen (H ₂ ). . In a state where ambient gas is supplied, NOx is reduced to nitrogen (N ₂ ).

Furthermore, when the plasma reactor 50 shown in FIG. 10 as a schematic diagram of the apparatus for reducing NOx according to the present invention adopts the configuration of the plasma reaction apparatus 50 described with reference to the first to fourth embodiments, it is possible to obtain The same effect as the fifth embodiment.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made in form and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims. Various changes were made to it.

Claims (6)

1. one kind is used to utilize plasma reactor to pass through the device that occlusion catalyst reduces NOx; Wherein, Move to after NOx occlusion catalyst (230) and the waste gas is inhaled in the occlusion catalyst (230) at the waste gas of discharging from engine (220); NOx is reduced to obtain removal, and said engine (220) adopts the HC fuel of supplying with from storage device, and said device comprises:

Move to the plasma reactor (50) that mobile path that occlusion catalyst (230) passed links to each other with waste gas from engine (220); This plasma reactor (50) is used for will being restructured as the high temperature reduction environmental gas from the HC fuel that storage device is partly supplied with through plasma reaction; Make when NOx reduces in occlusion catalyst (230); The reducing environment gas that supply produces from plasma reactor (50)

Wherein this plasma reactor (50) comprising:

Stove (10), it is the discharge opening (11) that upper position hollow and that be included in stove (10) forms, this discharge opening (11) is used to discharge plasma reactant;

Raw material inflow pipe (20); It operationally links to each other with the bottom of stove (10) and makes the required raw material of plasma reaction be fed in the stove (10), and it comprises and is positioned at stove (10) and is formed and the normal direction of the external peripheral surface of stove (10) is inclined to predetermined angular and makes the raw material of supplying with form the feed openings that rotation is mobile and advance at stove (10); And

Electrode (30), it is placed on the bottom of stove (10) and is partitioned into preset distance with the inwall of stove (10), thereby produces the required discharge voltage of raw material plasma reaction that is fed in the stove (10); And

Wherein stove (10) comprises the section that is positioned at electrode (30) top and width expansion; Thereby form when widened section chamber (17) carries out plasma reaction with the raw material in supplying to stove (10) and enlarge the plasma reaction district, it temporarily is retained in the widened section chamber (17).

2. one kind is used to utilize plasma reactor to pass through the device that occlusion catalyst reduces NOx; Wherein, Move to after NOx occlusion catalyst (230) and the waste gas is inhaled in the occlusion catalyst (230) at the waste gas of discharging from engine (220); NOx is reduced to obtain removal, and said engine (220) adopts the HC fuel of supplying with from storage device, and said device comprises:

Move to the plasma reactor (50) that mobile path that occlusion catalyst (230) passed links to each other with waste gas from engine (220); This plasma reactor (50) is used for will being restructured as the high temperature reduction environmental gas from the HC fuel that storage device is partly supplied with through plasma reaction; Make when NOx reduces in occlusion catalyst (230); The reducing environment gas that supply produces from plasma reactor (50)

Wherein said plasma reactor comprises:

The stove of hollow (10); The raw material inflow pipe (11) that wherein is used to receive the required raw material of plasma reaction operationally links to each other with bottom one side of stove (10); The discharge opening (17) that is used to discharge plasma reactant is formed on the upper position of stove (10); And the width that is positioned at the section of electrode (30) top obtains enlarging to form widened section chamber (15), when supplying to the inner raw material generation plasma reaction of stove (10), enlarges the plasma reaction district temporarily to be retained in the widened section chamber (15) thus;

Electrode (30) is outstanding in stove (10), and the bottom of stove (10) is placed and be connected in the bottom that is partitioned into preset distance with the wall surface of stove (10) and passes stove (10), produces the raw material that is supplied to thus and carry out the required discharge voltage of plasma reaction; And

Heat absobing channel (50) is arranged in widened section chamber (15) and operationally links to each other with liquid material supply pipe (57) with liquid material inflow pipe (51) respectively; Make the heat in the liquid material absorption chamber (55) that flows through liquid material inflow pipe (51) thus; Wherein liquid material inflow pipe (51) can flow in the inner chamber (55) that forms liquid material, and the liquid material that the liquid material supply pipe (57) that operationally links to each other with stove (10) will flow in the chamber (55) supplies in the stove (10).

3. one kind is used to utilize plasma reactor to pass through the device that occlusion catalyst reduces NOx; Wherein, Move to after NOx occlusion catalyst (230) and the waste gas is inhaled in the occlusion catalyst (230) at the waste gas of discharging from engine (220); NOx is reduced to obtain removal, and said engine (220) adopts the HC fuel of supplying with from storage device, and said device comprises:

Move to the plasma reactor (50) that mobile path that occlusion catalyst (230) passed links to each other with waste gas from engine (220); This plasma reactor (50) is used for will being restructured as the high temperature reduction environmental gas from the HC fuel that storage device is partly supplied with through plasma reaction; Make when NOx reduces in occlusion catalyst (230); The reducing environment gas that supply produces from plasma reactor (50)

Wherein said plasma reactor comprises:

Main body (60), the substrate (65) that it comprises hollow stove (61) and constitutes stove (61) bottom,

Wherein discharge opening (62) is formed on a side of stove (61),

Heat absorption path (64) is formed in the wall framework of (61) thickness that has stove and the gas that flows into from gas inlet opening (63) is moved and absorbs heat, and

Be formed on the mixing chamber (67) in the substrate (65), it operationally links to each other with heat absorption path (64) and links to each other with the inside of stove (61) through going up the ostium (68) that forms at stove (61) simultaneously;

Electrode (70), the inwall of itself and stove (61) is spaced apart, be fixed on that substrate (65) is gone up and outstanding in stove (61), producing the required discharge voltage of the interior plasma reaction of stove (61),

Wherein in electrode (70), form the heat-absorbing chamber (75) that operationally links to each other, and liquid fuel is flowed in the heat-absorbing chamber (75) with mixing chamber (67); And

Be fixed on the liquid fuel injection unit of supplying with liquid fuel on the main body (60) and to the heat-absorbing chamber (75) of electrode (70).

4. device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said electrode (30) has upper conical portion and extends cylindrical lower portion, makes the width of electrode (30) mid portion obtain enlarging.

5. device as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that; The feed stream of predetermined space enter the room (35) be positioned at electrode (30); Be used to make liquid material to flow into auxiliary liquid material supply pipe (31) that feed stream enters the room in (35) and be operatively coupled on the bottom of electrode (30), and the raw material that the inwall that passes electrode (30) is formed for making feed stream to enter the room in (35) flows into the inflow path (37) in the stove (10).

6. device as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that; Said electrode (70) is conical; And the normal direction that ostium (68) is formed with the inwall of stove (61) is inclined to predetermined angular, makes the fuel combination that obtains through the gas in the mixing chamber (67) and liquid fuel mixture form rotation along the external peripheral surface of electrode (70) and flows, and is interior and advance with inflow stove (61).

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