CN102003353B - Deicing method for blades of large-scale wind driven generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a deicing method for blades of a large wind turbine, comprising: (1) using an ice detector to collect an ice signal, and inputting the signal into an ice rate solver, the ice rate solver sends a rate signal to a controller, the controller starts an air heating system, and a blower inputs hot air into a circulation channel in the blade for heat exchange; (2) a liquid water content detector detects liquid water generated by the melting of the ice layer by absorbing heat, and inputs the signal into a liquid water generation rate solver, the liquid water generation rate solver sends a rate signal to the controller, when the generation rate is greater than zero and is constantly accelerating, the pitch system and the yaw system form a motion of first accelerating and then decelerating, the blade generates flutter and shakes off the ice layer. The present invention adopts a method of heating first and then fluttering, which can reduce the tightness and adsorption force of the ice layer and the blade, thereby reducing the flutter amplitude of flutter deicing, which can achieve sufficient deicing, save energy, and have higher safety and reliability.

Description

Deicing Method for Large Wind Turbine Blades

technical field

The invention relates to a blade deicing method, in particular to a large wind power generator blade deicing method.

Background technique

With the shortage of energy and the deterioration of the ecological environment, wind turbines are used more and more widely around the world, not only in areas with more suitable climates, but also in areas with relatively cold climates. In cold regions, the aerodynamic characteristics of wind turbine blades are extremely susceptible to the impact of icing. Ice is easy to form on the blades of wind turbines. As the ice layer thickens, the airfoil will bear greater gravity. The lift airfoil is changed, thereby reducing the aerodynamic performance of the blade and affecting the efficiency of wind power generation. Therefore, it is particularly important to de-ice the blades.

In the prior art, the most representative deicing method is the deicing method proposed by Vestas Wind Systems Co., Ltd. of Denmark and General Electric Company of the United States.

The patent applied by Denmark Vestas Wind Power Systems Co., Ltd., the publication number 101821500A discloses "the method for deicing the blades of the wind turbine, the wind turbine and its use", and adopts the method of deicing the blades after the wind turbine is shut down , that is, through the blade pitch motor, the blade forms a trembling that accelerates and pitches and then decelerates, shaking off the ice on the blades. The disadvantage of this method is that for large-scale wind turbines, the root vibration is relatively small, so it is difficult to remove the ice layer covering the blade root. When the ice layer reaches a certain thickness, it is difficult The method of large trembling completely removes the ice layer; moreover, this deicing method relying on increasing the trembling amplitude is not only difficult to remove the ice at the root, but also forms a large impact load, which has a great impact on the entire wind turbine system. impact, reducing the service life of related components, thereby reducing the safety and reliability of wind turbines.

The patent applied by General Electric Company of the United States, the publication number 1727673 disclosed "method and device for removing ice on the airfoil or rotor blade", the method heats the air through the heating device installed on the blade of the wind power generator, and adopts the air blower to The hot air is sent to the circulation channel in the blade, and the hot air flows from the root to the tip, and then flows from the tip to the root for circulation heating. The disadvantage of this method is that for high-power wind turbines, the blades are relatively long, and when the amount of ice is relatively large, the heat absorbed by the blades is difficult to meet the requirements for melting ice; moreover, for the tip of the blade, the hot air Unreachable, the ice layer attached to the blade tip is difficult to remove. Because the materials of the blades are generally cloth, resin, wood, carbon fiber and other materials, if the temperature of the hot air is forcibly raised through the heating device, not only the power consumption is large, but also the blades may burn, which is extremely unsafe.

Invention patent content

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for deicing blades of large-scale wind power generators that can fully remove ice from blades, has higher safety and reliability, and can be used on a large scale.

The method for deicing the blades of large wind power generators provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Set the icing detector on the surface of the blade, use the icing detector to collect the icing signal on the blade, and input the signal to the icing rate solver, and the icing rate solver sends a rate signal to the controller , the controller starts the air heating system, uses the blower to input the hot air heated by the air heating system into the circulation channel in the blade, and the air that flows out of the circulation channel after heat exchange with the blade enters the air heating system;

(2) The liquid water content detector installed on the surface of the blade is used to detect the liquid water produced by the heat absorption and melting of the ice layer, and the signal is input to the liquid water generation rate solver, and the liquid water generation rate solver sends a rate signal to the controller , when the liquid water generation rate detected by the liquid water generation rate solver is greater than zero and continues to accelerate, the controller sends a control signal to start the pitch system and the yaw system, so that the pitch system and the yaw system form an acceleration first and then Decelerating the motion, the blades vibrate and shake off the ice that has started to melt on the blades.

Compared with the prior art, the method for deicing the large-scale wind generator blade of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Compared with the single deicing method in the prior art, the combination of hot air circulation and flutter can more effectively remove all ice coating on the blades and maintain the aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine blades.

2. The ice detector and liquid water content detector are used to collect signals, which can detect the ice covering on the blade in a timely and effective manner, and send the detection signal to the controller, and take corresponding deicing responses in time.

3. Using the method of heating first and then fluttering, it can effectively remove the ice layer on the blade root that is difficult to remove by fluttering.

4. Using the method of combining hot air circulation and flutter, the ice layer covered by the position where the hot air cannot reach the blade tip can be effectively removed through flutter.

5. Use the hot air to exchange heat with the blades first, and then use the flutter method to deicing, which can reduce the heat required for deicing, and the heating power of the heating system is lower, so as to save energy and avoid Unsafe factors caused by excessive temperature in the blade cavity.

6. Use hot air circulation to heat first, and then use the flutter method, which can reduce the tightness of the combination of the ice layer and the blade, reduce the adsorption force between the ice layer and the blade, thereby reducing the flutter amplitude of the flutter deicing and maintaining the relative zero. Component life.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the blade deicing device of large-scale wind power generator;

Fig. 2 is a control flow chart of a method for deicing blades of a large-scale wind power generator.

In the figure, 1—icing detector; 2—blade; 3—freezing rate solver; 4—controller; 5—air heating system; 6—blower; 7—liquid water content detector; 8—liquid water Generate rate solver; 9—pitch system; 10—yaw system; 11—circulation channel.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-scale wind turbine blade deicing device, as shown in the figure.

A method for deicing blades of large-scale wind power generators, comprising the following steps:

(1) Set the icing detector 1 on the surface of the blade 2, use the icing detector 1 to collect the icing signal on the blade 2, and input the signal into the icing rate solver 3, the icing rate solver 3 The rate signal is sent to the controller 4, and the controller 4 starts the air heating system 5 (in this embodiment, the air heating system 5 is heated by a resistance wire), and the air blower 6 is used to input the hot air heated by the air heating system 5 into the blade 2 In the circulation channel 11, the air flowing out of the circulation channel 3 after exchanging heat with the blades 2 enters the air heating system.

(2) The liquid water content detector 7 installed on the surface of the blade 2 is used to detect the liquid water produced by the heat absorption and melting of the ice layer, and the signal is input to the liquid water generation rate solver 8, and the liquid water generation rate solver 8 sends out the rate The signal is input to the controller 4, and when the liquid water generation rate detected by the liquid water generation rate solver 8 is greater than zero and continues to accelerate, the controller 4 sends a control signal to start the pitch change system 9 and the yaw system 10 to make the pitch change The system 9 and the yaw system 10 form a movement of first acceleration and then deceleration, and the blade 2 vibrates and shakes off the ice layer on the blade 2 that has started to melt.

Fig. 2 is a control flow chart of a method for deicing blades of a large-scale wind power generator, as shown in the figure. When the icing detector 1 collects the icing signal on the blade 2 and inputs it to the icing rate solver 3, the signal V1 detected by the icing rate solver 3 = 0 (that is, there is no ice on the blade), and the controller 4 does not A control command is issued, and the air heating system 5, the blower 6, the pitch system 9 and the yaw system 10 do not act. The signal V1>0 detected by the icing rate solver 3 (that is, there is ice on the blade), and the signal V2=0 detected by the liquid water generation rate solver 8 (that is, the generation rate of liquid water is zero, and the The icing has not yet begun to melt), the controller 4 sends a control signal to start the air heating system to heat the air, and the blower 6 enters the hot air heated by the air heating system 5 into the circulation channel 11 in the blade 2, and the air is connected with the blade Carry out heat exchange; when the signal V2>0 detected by the liquid water generation rate solver 8 (that is, when the liquid water generation rate is greater than zero and continues to accelerate), the controller 4 sends a control signal to start the pitch system 9 and the yaw system 10. The pitch motor drives the blades to pitch, and the yaw motor drives the system to yaw, so that the pitch system 9 and the yaw system 10 form a motion of first acceleration and then deceleration, and the blade 2 vibrates and shakes off the melting particles on the blade 2. ice layer.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of this patent can be carried out Any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of this patent shall be covered by the claims of this patent.

Claims (1)

1. A method for deicing a large-scale wind-driven generator blade, characterized in that, comprising the steps: (1) Set the icing detector (1) on the surface of the blade (2), use the icing detector (1) to collect the icing signal on the blade (2), and input the signal into the icing rate solver ( 3), the icing rate solver (3) sends a rate signal to the controller (4), the controller (4) starts the air heating system (5), and uses the blower (6) to heat the air heating system (5) The hot air is input into the circulation channel (11) in the blade (2), and the air flowing out of the circulation channel (3) after heat exchange with the blade (2) enters the air heating system (5); (2) The liquid water content detector (7) installed on the surface of the blade (2) is used to detect the liquid water produced by the heat absorption and melting of the ice layer, and the detection signal is input to the liquid water generation rate solver (8), and the liquid water is generated The rate solver (8) sends a rate signal to the controller (4), and when the liquid water generation rate detected by the liquid water generation rate solver (8) is greater than zero and continues to increase, the controller (4) sends a control signal , start the pitch system (9) and the yaw system (10), so that the pitch system (9) and the yaw system (10) form a motion that first accelerates and then decelerates, and the blade (2) vibrates and shakes off the blade (2 ) on ice that has begun to melt.

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