CN102054346B - A signal transmission device and method thereof - Google Patents
A signal transmission device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102054346B CN102054346B CN 200910212177 CN200910212177A CN102054346B CN 102054346 B CN102054346 B CN 102054346B CN 200910212177 CN200910212177 CN 200910212177 CN 200910212177 A CN200910212177 A CN 200910212177A CN 102054346 B CN102054346 B CN 102054346B
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Abstract
本发明为一种信号传输装置及其方法，运用导电壳体所具有的导电特性，将其运用为传输线，以进行控制信号、感测信号等的传输。本发明的方法是运用电容本身所具有的交流信号传输特性，以一耦合电容装设于导电壳体的一部份，使得导电壳体与耦合电容形成一电容耦合体，当将交流信号载于耦合电容时，电容耦合体即可形成谐振，进而可于导电壳体的其它部位进行信号撷取，达到以导电壳体进行信号传输的目的。
The present invention is a signal transmission device and method thereof, which utilizes the conductive property of a conductive housing as a transmission line to transmit control signals, sensing signals, etc. The method of the present invention utilizes the AC signal transmission property of the capacitor itself, and installs a coupling capacitor on a part of the conductive housing, so that the conductive housing and the coupling capacitor form a capacitive coupling body. When the AC signal is carried on the coupling capacitor, the capacitive coupling body can form resonance, and then the signal can be captured at other parts of the conductive housing, thereby achieving the purpose of signal transmission by the conductive housing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of peripheral unit of the vehicles, particularly about a kind of method and apparatus that uses conductive shell to carry out the signal transmission.
Background technology
A few days ago, under the reciprocation due to energy crisis and healthy agitation, the bicycle industry becomes one of hot popular industry.So bicycle miscellaneous constantly is developed, its peripheral accessory also becomes the target that each manufacturer of family competitively develops simultaneously.
Yet the security of bicycle becomes the inevitable demand after bicycle becomes the alternative vehicles.And in order to increase the security of bicycle, every extra outfit also just little by little is developed.Republic of China's new patent M328996 patent " caution systems of the vehicles " for example, it has used ZigBee technology, is used on the caution system of bicycle, can carry out easily the installation of caution system.Its shortcoming is, adopts the device of Zigbee, and is expensive, is difficult for being accepted by the consumer.
And the most easy caution system is and adopts traditional transmission line to carry out the control of alarm signal.This technology is adopted with the vehicles of locomotive etc. widely, because of its technology maturation, and cheap.
Yet the caution system on bicycle or electronic installation are not to become the standard outfit as locomotive at present, therefore, mostly need additionally install.Because money paid for odd jobs and the wire rod money installed are higher, therefore, belong to the product that is difficult for popularization.
So, how can research and develop a kind of can the installation easily, and its price is again lower than wireless solution, become the exploitation direction that caution system on bicycle or electronic installation etc. are equipped with.
Except the vehicles, also there are many equipment to have easy demand for control.Yet being satisfied of these demands all need see through aforesaid wired or wireless mode and carry out the signal transmission.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem of above known technology, the invention provides a kind of method and apparatus that uses conductive shell to carry out the signal transmission, can reach the purpose that can carry out the signal transmission with conductive shell.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of signal transmission and the method that receives, be to apply to a conductive shell, comprise the following step: provide a capacitive coupling interface; One modulating signal is provided, and it comprises a transmission of data; With this capacitive coupling interface arrangement in this conductive shell part, to form a capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell; This modulating signal is coupled to this capacitive coupling interface, to form a resonance signal in this capacitive coupling body; Capture this resonance signal; And separate this resonance signal of modulation, to reduce this transmission of data.
The present invention still has a purpose to be, a kind of signal transmitting apparatus is provided, and applies to a conductive shell, comprises: input data, frequency generation unit, modulation unit and capacitive coupling unit.The frequency generation unit is in order to produce frequency of operation.The modulation unit is connected in the frequency generation unit, inputs data in order to receive, and uses frequency of operation to carry out modulation to the input data, to produce modulating signal; Capacitive coupling element coupling modulation unit is in order to load modulating signal to conductive shell.
The present invention separately has a purpose to be, a kind of signal receiving device is provided, and is to apply to conductive shell, comprises: capacitive coupling unit and demodulation unit.The capacitive coupling element coupling is stated from the modulating signal of conductive shell to conductive shell in order to acquisition.Demodulation unit is connected in receiving element, is the output data in order to demodulation modified tone varying signal.
The present invention separately has a purpose to be, a kind of device of two-way signaling transmission is provided, apply to the conductive shell of vehicles, comprise: two above R-T units, each this R-T unit comprises: input data, a frequency generation unit, modulation unit and capacitive coupling unit.Wherein, the frequency generation unit is in order to produce frequency of operation.The modulation unit is connected in the frequency generation unit, inputs data in order to receive, and uses frequency of operation to carry out modulation to the input data, to produce modulating signal.The capacitive coupling unit is connected in the modulation unit, in order to the modulating signal that is coupled to conductive shell.Demodulation unit is connected in the capacitive coupling unit, is the input data in order to demodulation modified tone varying signal.
The present invention also has a purpose to be, a kind of device of two-way signaling transmission is provided, and applies to the conductive shell of vehicles, comprises: the first R-T unit and the second R-T unit.Wherein the first R-T unit comprises: the first input data, first frequency generation unit, the first modulation unit, the first capacitive coupling unit and the first demodulation unit.Wherein, the first frequency generation unit is in order to produce the first frequency of operation.The first modulation unit is connected in the first frequency generation unit, in order to receiving the first input data, and with the first frequency of operation, the first input data is carried out modulation, to produce the first modulating signal.The first capacitive coupling unit is connected in the first modulation unit, in order to first modulating signal that is coupled to conductive shell.The first demodulation unit is connected in the first capacitive coupling unit.The second R-T unit comprises: the second input data, second frequency generation unit, the second modulation unit, the second capacitive coupling unit and the second demodulation unit.Wherein, the second frequency generation unit is in order to produce the second frequency of operation.The second modulation unit is connected in the second frequency generation unit, in order to receiving the second input data, and with the second frequency of operation, the second input data is carried out modulation, to produce the second modulating signal.The second capacitive coupling unit is connected in the second modulation unit, to conductive shell, and captures the first modulating signal in order to second modulating signal that is coupled.The second demodulation unit is connected in the second capacitive coupling unit, is the first input data in order to separate modulation the first modulating signal.
For above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, several preferred embodiments cited below particularly, and cooperation accompanying drawing are described in detail below:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the design example figure of bicycle;
Fig. 2 is for using conductive shell to carry out the method flow diagram of signal transmission;
Fig. 3 carries out device first embodiment of signal transmission for utilization conductive shell of the present invention;
Fig. 4 A is for utilization conductive shell of the present invention carries out in device second embodiment of signal transmission, an end of transmitted in both directions; And
Fig. 4 B is for utilization conductive shell of the present invention carries out in device second embodiment of signal transmission, the other end of transmitted in both directions.
Symbol description
10 cycle frame 100 transmitting terminals
110 modulator 120 frequency generators
130 amplifier 140 coupling capacitances
200 conductive shell 300 receiving ends
310 coupling capacitance 320 wave filters
330 amplifier 340 demodulator
400 signal transceiver 410 first frequency modulators
420 first frequency generator 430 first amplifiers
440 first coupling capacitance 450 second frequency wave filters
460 second amplifier 470 second frequency demodulator
500 signal transceiver 510 second frequency modulators
520 second frequency generator 530 first amplifiers
540 second coupling capacitance 550 first frequency wave filters
560 second amplifier 570 first frequency demodulator
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a method and apparatus that uses conductive shell to carry out the signal transmission, and it uses conductive shell to carry out the transmission of signal, to replace transmission line.
At first, please refer to Fig. 1, it is the outside drawing of No. 343322 folding type bicycle patent of Republic of China's new patent.Basically, present bicycle, the part of its vehicle frame 10 mostly adopts metal or carbon fiber to make.Due to bicycle in design, the design of power supply is not main person, therefore, if vehicle frame 10 metal ingredient persons, only for maintaining the use of soundness of vehicle frame.
The practice of the present invention namely is to adopt the conductive compositions of conductive shell to be used as transmission line, reduces to reach the purpose that transmission line uses.Wherein, the conductive compositions of conductive shell may have multiple sample attitude, for example, has the metal of electric conductivity, perhaps, has the carbon fiber of electric conductivity, and perhaps, other has the conductive shell etc. of the material made of electric conductivity.As long as have electric conductivity, namely can be the present invention and use.
For the cycle frame with conductive compositions, can bring an example of being used as transmission line, remaining example, for example LED lamp, LED street lamp, locomotive, automobile, home appliance etc. have the composition person of conductive shell, all can be used as embodiments of the invention.Yet, in the design due to vehicle frame, even if it has conductive compositions, but, in original design, be not the use of bringing when transmission line, therefore, do not adopt the impedance requirements of transmission line to design.So, carry out the signal transmission on vehicle frame, must kind conductive characteristic with vehicle frame itself.
Please refer to Fig. 2, the present invention uses conductive shell to carry out the method flow diagram of signal transmission.The present invention has used as conductive shell and has been used as transmission line, and when conductive shell was considered as a conductor, it had certain impedance.This resistance value may be different along with different conductive shells, and this can cause the problem in design, that is, the problem of impedance matching.For head it off, the present invention proposes a kind of mode and use conductive shell, that is, a coupling capacitance interface is provided, be used as transmitting the signal with frequency, it can adapt to the impedance problems of different conductive shells.Its principle is, when conductive shell was considered as a conductor, no matter how many its resistance values was, when the coupling capacitance interface is added conductive shell a part of, and the capacitive coupling body that will make whole conductive shell and this coupling capacitance integrate.So, because electric capacity can transmit AC signal, can see through this capacitive coupling body signal will be passed through conductive shell.Detailed flow process please refer to Fig. 2, comprises the following step:
Step 510: a capacitive coupling interface is provided.
Step 520: a modulating signal is provided, and it includes the transmission of data.
Step 530: with this capacitive coupling interface arrangement in this conductive shell part, to form a capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell.
Step 540: this modulating signal is coupled to this capacitive coupling interface, to form a resonance signal in this capacitive coupling body.
Step 550: capture this resonance signal.
Step 560: separate this resonance signal of modulation, to reduce this transmission of data.
By the method for Fig. 2, can reach and use conductive shell to carry out the purpose of data transmission.The vehicles wherein can be bicycle, motor-mounted bicycle, automobile etc.And the data of transmission depending on actual application, for example, in control, are applied on the caution system as indicator; Perhaps, on sensing, can be applicable on the sensing of vehicle rotating speed or be applied on the sensing that right and left sends a car; Perhaps other various products that may be applied in the signal transmission, all have the data that need transmission.
Fig. 3 carries out device first embodiment of signal transmission for utilization conductive shell of the present invention, it includes transmitting terminal 100 and receiving end 300, and wherein, transmitting terminal 100 carries out the signal transmission with receiving end 300 by conductive shell 200.100 of transmitting terminals include: modulator 110, frequency generator 120, amplifier 130, coupling capacitance 140.300 of receiving ends include: coupling capacitance 310, wave filter 320, amplifier 330, demodulator 340.
The motion flow of whole signal transmission is described as follows: frequency generator 120 is connected in to modulator 110.Modulator 110 carries out modulation with the input data that receive with the frequency that frequency generator 120 is produced, and then, the signal that is about to institute's modulation transfers to amplifier 130 and carries out the signal amplification, and is last, then amplifying signal is transferred to coupling capacitance 140.Coupling capacitance 140 forms the capacitive coupling body with conductive shell 200, this can be formed resonance through modulation and amplifying signal, then be passed to the coupling capacitance 310 of receiving end 300.Due to the resonance signal through conductive shell 200 resonance, can decay and, have outside noise feed-in conductive shell 200.Therefore, the unnecessary noise of resonance signal filtering that need to coupling capacitance 310 be transmitted with wave filter 320, then via amplifier 330, signal is amplified, last, then carry out demodulation via demodulator 340, with reduction input data.At last, the output data of exporting are the input data.
Wherein, on transmitting terminal 100, frequency generator 120 can adopt and hold sense type oscillator (LCoscillator), voltage-controlled oscillator (Voltage controlled oscil1ator, VCO), crystal oscillator (crystal) etc.110 of modulators can adopt the simulation modulation tech such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulating (FM), phase modulation (PM), perhaps, adopt the prior art of digital modulation tech such as OOK, FSK, ASK, PSK, QAMMSK, CPM, PPM, TCM, OFDM etc., perhaps, adopt exhibition technology FHSS, DSSS etc. frequently, certainly, following new modulation tech, also extensible the utilization to the present invention.Use higher modulation tech can allow cost increase, look closely the deviser and decide for the demand in market, the preferably got final product for originally reach required signal transmission with optimal one-tenth.As for the making of amplifier 130, can from known technology procurer easily, repeat no more equally.The making of coupling capacitance 140, can the unitary piece of metal sheet as the one side of electric capacity, the another side that the conductive part of conductive shell 200 is considered as electric capacity is reached.That is coupling capacitance 140 can the unitary piece of metal sheet, then is coated with the last layer insulation course, when it touches conductive shell 200, namely forms an electric capacity.This electric capacity namely can be considered coupling capacitance 140.Take bicycle as example, if in the time that handle will being installed on, can work as the elastic construction that aforesaid unitary piece of metal sheet is made as annular, on the metallic object that is fixed in handle.
On receiving end 300, the making of coupling capacitance 310 repeats no more with the coupling capacitance 140 of transmitting terminal 100.320, wave filter can adopt bandpass filter, allows be stated from resonance frequency on conductive shell 200 and be able to Xie Xi and go out, and other unnecessary noise of filtering.Amplifier 330 can adopt low noise amplifier (Low noise amplifier, LNA), and the modulation tech that 340 need of demodulator correspond to modulator 110 is made.
In addition, the coupling capacitance 310 of receiving end 300 can be taked coiled wire-wound coil in addition, carries out the acquisition of signal in the mode of induction.At present, in the test of reality, can reach.
So, via the common running of conductive shell 200 with transmitting terminal 100, receiving end 300, conductive shell 200 can be become transmission line, any transmission line need be installed, can significantly reduce the cost of wire rod and installation.
Fig. 3 those disclosed herein are the example of one-way transmission.In fact, on same conductive shell, can adopt identical conductive shell to reach the purpose of transmitted in both directions.It can adopt the method for Fig. 2 to reach equally, and specific embodiment please refer to Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, its illustrated two-way sending and receiving end device this how to design.
At first, please refer to Fig. 4 A, it carries out for utilization conductive shell of the present invention in device second embodiment of signal transmission, an end of transmitted in both directions; Fig. 4 B carries out in device second embodiment of signal transmission for utilization conductive shell of the present invention, the other end of transmitted in both directions.It sees through conductive shell 200 with two frequency of operation and reaches the purpose of bidirectional data transfers, but can make the signal transceiver 400 and signal transceiver 500 of the transmitted in both directions in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, in the mode of full duplex, carries out at any time data transmission.
Certainly, the present invention can adopt semiduplex mode, adopts a frequency to carry out the work of two signal transceivers.The semiduplex practice is the frequency of operation with Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B, the person that takes the single-frequency.In the process of signal transmission, received and dispatched in turn by two transceivers.If the one-way transmission cover groups of organizing are arranged more, for example, a plurality of receiving ends of a plurality of transmitting terminals collocation, and in conjunction with the two-way signal transceiver of many groups, in the time of will carrying out data transmission through single conductive shell, need to solve the problem that signal disturbs.At this moment, adopt a plurality of different frequency of operation modes to carry out separating of data transmission and be the more appropriate practice.If adopt different modulation modes to carry out the combinations of organizing unidirectional or transmitted in both directions cover group more, also can.
Please refer to Fig. 4 A, signal transceiver 400 includes: first frequency modulator 410, first frequency generator 420, the first amplifier 430, the first coupling capacitance 440, second frequency wave filter 450, the second amplifier 460, second frequency demodulator 470.In Fig. 4 B, signal transceiver 500 includes: second frequency modulator 510, second frequency generator 520, the 3rd amplifier 530, the second coupling capacitance 540, first frequency wave filter 550, the 4th amplifier 560, first frequency demodulator 570.Wherein, the data that signal transceiver 400 transmits after the first frequency modulation, send, and will be received by signal transceiver 500; Otherwise the data that signal transceiver 500 transmits after the second frequency modulation, send, and will be received by signal transceiver 400.Because first frequency is different from second frequency, therefore, will can not form mutual undesired signal on conductive shell 200.For the reception of signal, can leach second frequency through the second frequency wave filters 450 in the middle of signal transceiver 400 and separate modulation to the second frequency demodulator 470 of signal transceiver 400; Conversely, 550, first frequency wave filter in the middle of signal transceiver 500 can leach first frequency and separate modulation to the first frequency demodulator 570 of signal transceiver 500.
The motion flow of whole signal transmission is described as follows:
1. be passed to signal transceiver 500 by signal transceiver 400:
In the middle of signal transceiver 400, first frequency generator 420 is connected in to first frequency modulator 410.First frequency modulator 410 carries out modulation with the first input data that receive with the frequency that first frequency generator 420 is produced, then, the signal that is about to institute's modulation transfers to the first amplifier 430 and carries out the signal amplification, and is last, then amplifying signal is transferred to the first coupling capacitance 440.The first coupling capacitance 440 forms the capacitive coupling body with conductive shell 200, this can be formed resonance through modulation and amplifying signal, then be passed to the second coupling capacitance 540 of signal transceiver 500.Due to the resonance signal through conductive shell 200 resonance, can decay and have outside noise feed-in conductive shell 200.Therefore, the unnecessary noise of resonance signal filtering that need to the second coupling capacitance 540 be transmitted with first frequency wave filter 550, then via the 4th amplifier 560, signal is amplified, last, carry out demodulation via first frequency demodulator 570 again, to be reduced to the first output data.At last, signal transceiver 500 export first output data be first the input data.
2. be passed to signal transceiver 400 by signal transceiver 500:
In the middle of signal transceiver 500, second frequency generator 520 is connected in to second frequency modulator 510.Second frequency modulator 510 carries out modulation with the second input data that receive with the frequency that second frequency generator 520 is produced, then, the signal that is about to institute's modulation transfers to the 3rd amplifier 530 and carries out the signal amplification, and is last, then amplifying signal is transferred to the second coupling capacitance 540.The second coupling capacitance 540 forms the capacitive coupling body with conductive shell 200, this can be formed resonance through modulation and amplifying signal, then be passed to the first coupling capacitance 440 of signal transceiver 400.Due to the resonance signal through conductive shell 200 resonance, can decay and have outside noise feed-in conductive shell 200.Therefore, the unnecessary noise of resonance signal filtering that need to the first coupling capacitance 440 be transmitted with second frequency wave filter 450, then via the second amplifier 460, signal is amplified, last, carry out demodulation via second frequency demodulator 470 again, to be reduced to the second output data.At last, signal transceiver 400 export second output data be second the input data.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B have illustrated the embodiment of full duplex, semiduplex enforcement and full duplex person, and difference is the allotment in transmission time.Because signal transmission rate of the present invention does not need very soon, therefore, can reach easily semiduplex job requirement.
Wherein, on the component selection of signal transceiver 400 and signal transceiver 500, basically identical with the described person of Fig. 3.That is, belong to the part of emitter assemblies, can adopt with reference to the assembly of transmitting terminal 100, and belong to the part of receiver assembly, can adopt with reference to the assembly of receiving end 300, repeat no more in this.Similarly, on modulation tech, also same.
In addition, in each signal transceiver, can adopt the mode of two coupling capacitances.That is, use a coupling capacitance in the part of transmitter respectively, use the mode of a coupling capacitance in the part of receiver.That is, be connected a coupling capacitance between the amplifier of transmitter and conductive shell, and be connected a coupling capacitance between the wave filter of receiver and conductive shell.
Although preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses as mentioned above; so it is not to limit the present invention; anyly be familiar with person skilled; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can do a little change and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion when the content that define according to claim.
Claims (7)
1. the method for a signal transmission, is characterized in that, applies to a conductive shell, comprises the following step:
One capacitive coupling interface is provided;
One modulating signal is provided, and it comprises a transmission of data;
With this capacitive coupling interface device in this conductive shell, to form a capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell;
This modulating signal is coupled to this capacitive coupling interface, to form a resonance signal in this capacitive coupling body;
Capture this resonance signal; And
Separate this resonance signal of modulation, to reduce this transmission of data.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this captures the step of this resonance signal, captures by being selected from the group that one second capacitive coupling body and a coil form.
3. a signal transmitting apparatus, is characterized in that, applies to a conductive shell, and this signal transmitting apparatus comprises:
One input data;
One frequency generation unit is in order to produce a frequency of operation;
One modulation unit is connected in this frequency generation unit, in order to receiving this input data, and uses this frequency of operation to carry out modulation to these input data, to produce a modulating signal;
One amplifying unit is connected in this modulation unit, in order to amplify this modulating signal; And
One capacitive coupling unit is connected in this amplifying unit, forms a capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell, in order to load this modulating signal through amplifying to this conductive shell to form resonance.
4. a signal transmitting apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising: signal receiving device, apply to a conductive shell, and this signal receiving device comprises:
One capacitive coupling unit is coupled to this conductive shell, forms a capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell, in order to capture resonance in a modulating signal of this conductive shell;
One filter unit is connected in this capacitive coupling unit, in order to filtering noise; And
One amplifying unit is connected in this filter unit, in order to amplify this modulating signal; And
One demodulation unit is connected in this amplifying unit, is output data in order to separate modulation this modulating signal through amplifying.
5. a signal transmitting apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising: signal receiving/transmission device, apply to a conductive shell, and send one first modulating signal and receive one second modulating signal via this conductive shell, this signal receiving/transmission device comprises:
One input data;
One frequency generation unit is in order to produce a frequency of operation;
One modulation unit is connected in this frequency generation unit, in order to receiving this input data, and uses this frequency of operation to carry out modulation to these input data, to produce this first modulating signal;
One capacitive coupling unit is connected in this modulation unit, forms a capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell, in order to this first modulating signal that is coupled to this conductive shell forming resonance, and acquisition resonance is in this second modulating signal of this conductive shell;
One first amplifying unit is connected between this modulation unit and this capacitive coupling unit, in order to amplify this first modulating signal;
One first filter unit is connected in this capacitive coupling unit, in order to the noise of this second modulating signal of filtering; And
One second amplifying unit is connected in this first filter unit, in order to amplify this second modulating signal; And
One demodulation unit is connected in this second amplifying unit, is output data in order to separate modulation this second modulating signal through amplifying.
6. a signal transmitting apparatus, is characterized in that, comprising: signal receiving/transmission device, apply to a conductive shell, and send one first modulating signal and receive one second modulating signal via this conductive shell, this signal receiving/transmission device comprises:
One input data;
One frequency generation unit is in order to produce a frequency of operation;
One modulation unit is connected in this frequency generation unit, in order to receiving this input data, and uses this frequency of operation to carry out modulation to these input data, to produce this first modulating signal;
One first capacitive coupling unit is connected in this modulation unit, forms the capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell, in order to this first modulating signal that is coupled to this conductive shell to form resonance;
One second capacitive coupling unit forms the capacitive coupling body with this conductive shell, with acquisition resonance in this second modulating signal of this conductive shell; And
One demodulation unit is connected in this second capacitive coupling unit, is output data in order to separate this second modulating signal of modulation.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, also comprises:
One first amplifying unit is connected between this modulation unit and this first capacitive coupling unit, in order to amplify this first modulating signal;
One first filter unit is connected in this second capacitive coupling unit, in order to the noise of this second modulating signal of filtering; And
One second amplifying unit is connected between this first filter unit and this demodulation unit, in order to amplify this second modulating signal.
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| CN2591875Y (en) * | 2002-12-23 | 2003-12-10 | 张玉红 | Electric line carrier wave transmission device |
| EP1693289A2 (en) * | 2005-02-18 | 2006-08-23 | Shimano Inc. | Electrical connector apparatus for a bicycle |
| CN102054347A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 汉达科技股份有限公司 | Signal transmitting, receiving and controlling device and system |
| CN102054345A (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-11 | 汉达科技股份有限公司 | Signal transceiver device and two-way signal transmission system |
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| CN102054346A (en) | 2011-05-11 |
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