CN102069160B - Combined manufacturing device and method for ultra-large rectangular ingot blank inclined casting - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a combined manufacturing device and a method for the inclined casting of an ultra-large rectangular ingot blank, wherein the manufacturing device comprises a rectangular casting mold, the rectangular casting mold is obliquely arranged along the length direction at an angle of 5-15 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the rectangular casting mold is of a combined structure consisting of a forced cooling metal bottom plate, four side plates and a cover plate; a metal pipe frame is arranged in the forced cooling metal bottom plate; the inner side surfaces of the forced cooling metal bottom plate, the cover plate and the side plates are hung with surface sand layers; the highest position of the assembled rectangular casting mold is provided with a riser, and the rectangular casting mold is also provided with a molten steel pouring device for pouring molten steel. The device can reduce the static pressure and impact force of molten steel on the casting mold, reduce the cost for manufacturing the casting mold, make the molding, assembly and disassembly of the casting mold simpler and more flexible, and make the hot box opening possible; harmful substances such as impurities, gases and the like are easy to gather and remove in the dead head obliquely above; the device can realize the directional solidification of the ingot blank, eliminate the shrinkage cavity in the casting, weaken the looseness of the casting and improve the quality of the ingot blank.

Description

Combined manufacturing device and method for oblique casting of super-large rectangular billet

technical field

The invention relates to an ingot manufacturing device in the field of metallurgy, in particular to a combined manufacturing device and method for obliquely casting a super-large rectangular ingot.

Background technique

As a well-known technology, the continuous casting method has been widely used in the manufacture of slabs, especially for the batch production of thin slabs, medium slabs and medium-thick slabs with a thickness of less than 400mm. It is characterized by high efficiency, good quality, The effective utilization rate of metal is high. However, for plates for super large ships, plates for nuclear reaction equipment, plates for chemical reaction vessels in the chemical industry, plates for hydroelectric power generation, plates for marine structures, etc., the billets are produced in a single batch with small batches and large specifications (ultra-wide, super thick), special material requirements, if the continuous casting method is used, firstly, the advantages of high efficiency of continuous casting cannot be used, secondly, the continuous casting machinery required is very large and the cost is extremely high, and thirdly, the continuous casting method cannot be technically It is very good to solve the internal quality problem of super large steel billet.

For this reason, the existing production of ultra-large extra-thick plates still mostly adopts the manufacturing method of steel ingot mode casting and rolling, or the manufacturing method of forging and rolling. The ingot types include: square ingot, polygonal round and flat steel Ingot casting, etc., the ingot type is tapered ingot type, and the cooling method is mostly atmospheric natural cooling; the main disadvantage of this production method is that the riser has a large amount of cutting head relative to the head, and the yield is low, which limits the tonnage of the steel ingot. At present, only Produce ingots below 60 tons, with a thickness of less than 1000mm and a width of less than 2500mm.

Furthermore, in the prior art, vertical ingot casting or horizontal ingot casting is usually adopted. Among them, the vertical ingot mold casting method increases the static pressure and impact force of the molten steel on the mold, which requires higher structural strength of the mold, making it difficult for the mold to realize a combined structure, which greatly increases the production of the mold structure cost; while the existing horizontal ingot casting method is to use a completely horizontal casting mold to manufacture ingots, so that large-scale steel ingots are cast and solidified, and harmful substances such as impurities and gases float on the upper surface of molten steel and accumulate to a certain extent. The depth cannot be ruled out, which affects the quality of the ingot; when processing the ingot, it is necessary to plan the upper surface of the steel ingot to a certain depth by machining, which invisibly increases the processing cost.

In view of this, the present inventor proposes a combined manufacturing device and method for oblique casting of a super-large rectangular ingot by virtue of years of related design and manufacturing experience, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a combined manufacturing device and method for oblique casting of a super-large rectangular ingot. Placed at an angle of 15°, large-scale steel ingots are cast and solidified, allowing harmful substances such as impurities and gases to accumulate and be removed in the riser at the top of the slope; the bottom of the mold is made into a water-cooled metal mold, which can realize directional solidification in the thickness direction of the ingot. In order to improve the quality of the billet; the casting mold adopts a combined structure, and the corresponding casting mold can be assembled according to the specifications of the manufactured billet, so as to save the cost of making the casting mold, and it is easy to open the box.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way, a combined manufacturing method for oblique casting of a super-large rectangular billet, the combined rectangular casting mold is fixedly placed on an inclined surface of 5° to 15° from the horizontal plane along its length direction, the The rectangular casting mold is a detachable combined structure composed of a forced cooling metal base plate, an upper side plate, a lower side plate, a left side plate, a right side plate and a cover plate; a riser is provided at the highest position of the assembled rectangular casting mold, The molten steel pouring device is arranged on the rectangular casting mold; a group of metal pipe racks or multiple sets of metal pipe racks arranged side by side along the length direction of the bottom plate are arranged in the forced cooling metal bottom plate; after the molten steel is injected into the rectangular casting mold, it is passed into the metal pipe rack The cooling medium cools the inclined rectangular ingot sequentially from bottom to top to achieve directional solidification; when the overall temperature of the rectangular ingot reaches the process mold opening temperature, stop feeding the cooling medium; disassemble the cover plate and each side plate of the combined rectangular casting mold; Transfer the rectangular ingot to the next process.

The method is suitable for casting a super large rectangular ingot with a thickness of 800-1500 mm, a width of 2100-5000 mm and a length of 4000-10000 mm in a 60-150-ton ingot shape.

A combined manufacturing device for oblique casting of super-large rectangular ingots. The manufacturing device includes a rectangular casting mold, which is placed at an angle of 5° to 15° along the length direction and the horizontal plane. The rectangular casting mold is composed of a forced cooling metal base plate and The upper side plate, the lower side plate, the left side plate, the right side plate and the cover plate form a detachable combined structure; the forced cooling metal base plate is composed of a rectangular metal base plate body and a metal pipe frame covered in the metal base plate body; In order to improve the life of the mold, a layer of sand layer is hung on the inner surface of the forced cooling metal base plate, cover plate and each side plate; a riser is provided at the highest position of the assembled rectangular mold, and a There is a pouring device for injecting molten steel.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal pipe frame in the forced cooling metal bottom plate is composed of an upper main pipe, a lower main pipe, and an upper main pipe and a lower main pipe perpendicular to the upper main pipe and the lower main pipe and connected to the two main pipes. The root main pipe is composed of a plurality of longitudinal branch pipes; the lower main pipe opening on one side of the metal base plate body is set as the cooling medium inlet, and the upper main main pipe opening on the other side of the metal base plate main body is set as the cooling medium outlet.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of metal pipe frames are arranged side by side along the length direction of the metal bottom plate body.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement of the longitudinal branch pipes in the width direction of the metal bottom plate body is dense in the middle and sparse on both sides.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of metal pipe frames are arranged side by side along the length direction of the metal bottom plate body; Two longitudinal main pipes are formed at both ends of the horizontal branch pipe and connected with multiple horizontal branch pipes; one longitudinal main pipe is provided with a cooling medium inlet, and the other longitudinal main pipe is provided with a cooling medium outlet.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner surfaces of the forced cooling metal bottom plate and each side plate are metal planes; Lattice pit structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each side plate is provided with a bolt through hole for connecting and fixing the adjacent plate at the geometric center of the side surface of the pit adjacent to the adjacent plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, dovetail grooves are provided on the upper surface of the forced cooling metal bottom plate close to the four sides, or a plurality of through holes for placing bolts are arranged at intervals.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the cover plate is provided with a rectangular grid-like through-hole structure composed of a plurality of corresponding pits and through-holes; in the grid-like through-hole structure The inside is filled with molding sand; the surrounding sides of the cover plate are concavely provided with a plurality of grooves, and the lower wall of the groove is provided with bolt through holes to connect the side plates.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the side plates and the cover plate is formed by assembling two or more corresponding plates.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molten steel pouring device is composed of a pouring funnel, a sprue, a runner, and an inner runner; on the right side panel.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower side plate is provided with a cooling metal pipe frame, which is composed of a water inlet main pipe, a water outlet main pipe and a plurality of branch pipes connected between the two main pipes. .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molten steel pouring device is composed of a pouring funnel, a sprue, a runner, and an inner runner; the molten steel pouring device is opened through the lower side plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the riser is installed at the highest position of the rectangular casting mold, the horizontal section shape of the riser is a rectangular structure along the width direction of the rectangular casting mold, and the riser is set as one or more according to the width of the casting , the upper plane of the riser is flush with the lower end surface of the pouring funnel of the molten steel pouring device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the riser is installed at the highest position of the obliquely placed cover plate, the riser is in a vertical structure, and the cavity of the riser passes through the cover plate and communicates with the cavity of the rectangular casting ingot.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the riser is installed at the highest position of the obliquely placed upper side plate, the riser is in an L-shaped structure, and the short side of the L shape is a riser channel connected to the upper side plate in a transverse direction, The long side of the L shape is the feeding part of the riser, and the upper edge of the transverse riser channel is flush with the highest point of the inner cavity of the rectangular casting mold ingot, so as to facilitate the floating of impurities into the riser during the casting process of the steel ingot.

From the above, the manufacturing device and method of the present invention are based on the characteristics of the super-large rectangular ingot, and the casting mold is placed at an angle of 5° to 15° from the horizontal plane, which can greatly reduce the impact of molten steel on the mold when casting large steel ingots. The static pressure and impact force reduce the requirements for the structural strength of the joint parts of the mold, making it possible to adopt a combined mold structure; because the mold adopts a combined structure, it can be assembled into a corresponding casting mold according to the specifications of the manufactured ingot. type, which reduces the cost of making molds, and makes the molding, assembly, and disassembly of molds easier and more flexible, making it possible to open the box; Harmful substances such as gas are accumulated and removed in the riser at the upper slope; the bottom surface of the mold is made into a water-cooled metal mold, which can realize directional solidification in the thickness direction of the ingot, eliminate shrinkage holes in the casting, weaken the looseness of the casting, and improve the quality of the ingot .

Description of drawings

The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. in:

Fig. 1: It is a schematic diagram of the super-large rectangular ingot inclined casting process scheme 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2: It is a schematic diagram of the super-large rectangular billet inclined casting process scheme 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 3: It is a schematic diagram of the third scheme of the super-large rectangular ingot inclined casting process of the present invention.

Fig. 4A: a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the forced cooling metal bottom plate and metal pipe frame in the present invention.

Fig. 4B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 4A.

Fig. 4C: is a schematic bottom view of Fig. 4A.

Fig. 5A: It is a schematic diagram of the second arrangement structure of the forced cooling metal bottom plate and metal pipe frame in the present invention.

Fig. 5B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 5A.

Fig. 5C: is a schematic bottom view of Fig. 5A.

Fig. 6A: It is a schematic diagram of the third arrangement structure of the forced cooling metal bottom plate and metal pipe frame in the present invention.

Fig. 6B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 6A.

Fig. 6C: is a schematic bottom view of Fig. 6A.

Fig. 7A: It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper side plate in the present invention.

Fig. 7B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 7A.

Fig. 8A: It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left and right panels in the present invention.

Fig. 8B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 8A.

FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and lower side plates of the present invention.

Fig. 9B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 9A.

FIG. 9C : is a schematic top view of FIG. 9A .

Fig. 10A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and lower side plates of the present invention.

Fig. 10B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 10A.

Fig. 11A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate in the present invention.

Fig. 11B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 11A.

Fig. 11C: is a schematic bottom view of Fig. 11A.

Fig. 12A: Schematic diagram 1 of the combination of side panels and cover panels in the present invention.

Fig. 12B: Structural schematic diagram II of the combination of side panels and cover panels in the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the thickness of sand hanging on the obliquely placed forced cooling metal bottom plate in the present invention.

Fig. 14A: It is a schematic diagram of the sand-hanging operation of the forced cooling metal bottom plate in the present invention.

Fig. 14B: is a schematic side view of Fig. 14A.

Fig. 14C: is a schematic bottom view of Fig. 14A.

Fig. 15A is a schematic diagram of the operation of hanging sand on the middle and lower side plates of the present invention.

Fig. 15B: is a schematic bottom view of Fig. 15A.

16A to 16F are schematic diagrams of the box closing process of the combined manufacturing device in the present invention.

17A to 17D are schematic diagrams of slag accumulation in the casting process of the present invention.

Fig. 18A: It is the simulation result of defects of the sequential water cooling method on the inclined casting bottom of the present invention.

Fig. 18B: The defect simulation result of the traditional casting natural cooling method.

Fig. 18C: It is the defect simulation result of the directional solidification method for the overall water cooling of the bottom surface in the prior art.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention proposes a combined manufacturing device 100 for oblique casting of a super-large rectangular billet. The manufacturing device 100 includes a rectangular mold 1, which is aligned with The horizontal plane is inclined at 5° to 15°, and the rectangular casting mold 1 is composed of a forced cooling metal base plate 11, an upper side plate 12, a lower side plate 13, a left side plate 14, and a right side plate 15 (as shown in Fig. 8A and Fig. 8B ). ) and the cover plate 16 constitute a detachable combined structure; the forced cooling metal base plate 11 (shown in Figures 4A to 4C, 5A to 5C and 6A to 6C) is composed of a rectangular metal base body 111 and a package The metal pipe frame 112 covered in the metal bottom plate body 111 constitutes (the metal pipe frame 112 is covered with poured molten steel to form the rectangular metal bottom plate body 111 after solidification); the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11, cover plate 16 and each side A surface sand layer 6 is hung on the inner side of the board; the surface sand used is preferably resin sand material, and the outer surface of the surface sand layer 6 is coated with a 2-4mm high-temperature resistant coating (preferably alcohol-based zirconia coating); the forced cooling metal base plate 11. The surface sand layer 6 hung on the inner side of the upper side plate 12, the lower side plate 13, the left side plate 14 and the right side plate 15 has a thickness of 5-20 mm, and the surface sand layer hung on the inner side of the cover plate The thickness of the layer 6 is 50-200mm, wherein, the thickness of the hanging sand between the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11 and the casting surface can be changed according to the cooling intensity required by different parts, and the forced cooling of the metal bottom plate 11 and the casting can be adjusted through the hanging sand thickness. (as shown in Figure 13, the position close to the lower side plate 13 can be 5mm, and the thickness gradually increases to 20mm at the upper side plate 12); at the highest position of the assembled rectangular mold 1, there is a The riser 2 and the rectangular mold 1 are also provided with a molten steel pouring device 3 for injecting molten steel.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the method of using the combined manufacturing device 100 to manufacture a super-large rectangular ingot is to place the combined rectangular casting mold 1 along its length on an inclined plane 5° to 15° from the horizontal plane. Above, in this embodiment, firstly, the bottom plane of the pit 4 is paved with dry sand 5 to form a required inclined slope surface (5°-15°), and then the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11 is fixedly placed on the inclined surface ( The lower surface of the forced cooling metal base plate 11 is provided with a grid-shaped pit structure, and the dry sand 5 below is squeezed into the pits in the grid by the self-weight of the forced cooling metal base plate 11 to fix the forced cooling metal base plate), and then The lower side plate 13, the left and right side plates 14, 15 and the cover plate 16 are sequentially assembled above the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11, the riser 2 is installed at the highest position of the rectangular mold 1, and the molten steel pouring device 3 is installed on the rectangular mold 1 , after that, between the assembled rectangular mold 1 and the inner wall of the casting pit 4, fill up the dry sand 5 used as back sand, connect the inlet and outlet cooling pipelines and prepare for casting; after the molten steel is injected into the rectangular mold 1, the metal A cooling medium is introduced into the pipe frame 112 to cool the inclined rectangular ingot sequentially from bottom to top to achieve directional solidification; the cooling medium can be water, air, water-gas mixture or other cooling medium; A set of metal pipe racks 112 can be arranged inside 11, or multiple sets of metal pipe racks 112 can be arranged side by side along the length direction of the bottom plate. When a group of metal tube frames 112 are arranged in the metal bottom plate 11, the cooling medium flows from bottom to top to ensure that the rectangular ingot is sequentially cooled from bottom to top. When multiple sets of metal pipe racks 112 are arranged in the metal bottom plate 11, cooling medium can be sequentially fed into the multiple sets of metal pipe racks 112 arranged from bottom to top according to the technological requirements for solidification of rectangular ingots, so as to ensure that the rectangular ingots are formed from bottom to top. Cool upward sequentially to achieve directional solidification; during cooling, according to the requirements of use, the water flow sequence first goes down to the first group, and gradually goes up to the second group, the third group... to form a unique sequential cooling method; when the overall temperature of the rectangular ingot reaches After the temperature of the process is lifted, the cooling medium is stopped; the cover plate 16 and each side plate of the combined rectangular casting mold 1 are disassembled; the rectangular ingot is transferred to the next process. The manufacturing method of the present invention is suitable for the casting of a super large rectangular ingot with a thickness of 800-1500 mm, a width of 2100-5000 mm and a length of 4000-10000 mm of a 60-150-ton ingot.

From the above, the manufacturing device and method of the present invention are based on the characteristics of the super-large rectangular ingot, and the casting mold is placed at an angle of 5° to 15° from the horizontal plane, which can greatly reduce the impact of molten steel on the mold when casting large steel ingots. The static pressure and impact force reduce the requirements for the structural strength of the joint parts of the mold, making it possible to adopt a combined mold structure; because the mold adopts a combined structure, it can be assembled into a corresponding casting mold according to the specifications of the manufactured ingot. type, which reduces the cost of making molds, and makes the molding, assembly, and disassembly of molds easier and more flexible, making it possible to open the box; Harmful substances such as gas are accumulated and removed in the riser at the upper slope; the bottom surface of the mold is made into a water-cooled metal mold, which can realize directional solidification in the thickness direction of the ingot, eliminate shrinkage cavities, and weaken the porosity in the casting to improve the quality of the ingot.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C , in this embodiment, the metal pipe frame 112 in the forced cooling metal floor 11 is composed of an upper main pipe 1121 and a lower main pipe 1122 arranged at intervals up and down along the metal floor body 111 . and a plurality of vertical branch pipes 1123 that are perpendicular to the upper main pipe and the lower main pipe and are connected with the two main pipes; The nozzle of the lower main pipe 1122 located on one side of the metal base plate body 111 is set as the cooling medium inlet (the other nozzle of the lower main pipe 1122 is blocked with a screw plug), and the nozzle located on the other side of the metal base plate body 111 The nozzle of the upper main pipe 1121 on the side is set as the outlet of the cooling medium (the other nozzle of the upper main pipe 1121 is also blocked with a screw), so as to ensure that the cooling medium flows from the bottom to the top to ensure that the rectangular ingot is cooled sequentially from the bottom to the top. Directional solidification. In order to increase the cooling capacity in the middle of the ingot, the arrangement of the plurality of vertical branch pipes 1123 in the width direction of the metal bottom plate body 111 is dense in the middle and sparse on both sides (as shown in FIG. 4A ).

In this embodiment, multiple sets of metal pipe frames 112 can be arranged side by side along the length direction of the metal bottom plate body 111 (as shown in FIGS. 5A-5C and 6A-6C ). The metal pipe racks 112 can be arranged in multiple groups in parallel by adopting the above-mentioned structure (as shown in FIGS. 5A-5C ).

As shown in Figures 6A to 6C, when multiple groups of metal pipe frames 112 are arranged side by side, the structure of each group of metal pipe frames 112 can also be composed of a plurality of lateral branch pipes 1124 arranged laterally along the metal bottom plate body 111 and located in a plurality of lateral branch pipes. Two longitudinal main pipes 1125 and 1126 are formed at both ends and communicated with a plurality of transverse branch pipes; one of the longitudinal main pipes 1125 is provided with a cooling medium inlet, and the other longitudinal main pipe 1126 is provided with a cooling medium outlet.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4C, Figure 7A-7B, Figure 8A-8B, Figure 9A-9C, Figure 10A-10B, the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11 and the inner surface of each side plate Both are metal planes; the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11 and the back side of each side plate opposite to the inner side are made into a grid-shaped pit structure 7 to reduce the weight of the corresponding components, reduce the internal stress of the mold, and reduce the deformation of the mold. possibility.

Bolt through holes 71 for fastening and fixing with adjacent panels are provided at the geometric centers of the sides of the pits 7 adjacent to the contact surfaces of the adjacent panels on each side panel.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4A to 6C , dovetail grooves 113 are provided on the upper surface of the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11 near the four sides, or a plurality of through holes for placing bolts are provided at intervals. When assembling the mold, set bolts in the dovetail groove 113, and after the bolts pass through the bolt through holes 71 of the corresponding side plates, fix each side plate on the forced cooling metal bottom plate 11; similarly, the cover plate 16 can be fixed on each side on board.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C , in this embodiment, the surface of the cover plate 16 is provided with a rectangular grid-shaped through-hole structure 8 composed of a plurality of corresponding pits 81 and through-holes 82 . Filled with molding sand 5 (as shown in Figure 1) in the grid-like through-hole structure 8, which plays the role of ventilation and heat preservation; the surrounding side of the cover plate 16 is concavely provided with a plurality of grooves 162, and Bolt holes 1621 are formed on the lower wall of the slot 162 to connect the side panels.

In this embodiment, the upper side plate 12, the lower side plate 13, the left side plate 14, the right side plate 15 and the cover plate 16 can be assembled from two or more corresponding plates, which can be made according to the manufactured ingot. The billet specifications are assembled into corresponding molds, which reduces the cost of making molds. Each side panel can be composed of several panels of the same height, different lengths or the same length, and different heights; the cover panel can be composed of several panels of the same width, different lengths, or the same length, and different widths; As shown in FIG. 12A, the left side plate 14 and the cover plate 16 are respectively assembled by two plates; as shown in FIG. 12B, the left side plate 14 and the cover plate 16 are respectively assembled by three plates; the two or The three panels are fixedly connected together by bolts.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the molten steel pouring device 3 is composed of a pouring funnel 31, a sprue 32, a runner 33, and an inner runner 34; Both the sprue and the inrunner are composed of refractory brick tube inner cavity, in which the outside of the refractory brick tube of runner 33 and ingate 34 is filled with typical molding sand, and the sprue 32 outside the refractory brick tube also includes a sprue The metal shell is filled with molding sand between the metal shell and the refractory brick tube; the sprue 32 is connected together by a 90° elbow brick tube between the internal refractory brick tube and the runner, and the sprue is fixed by filling the outside with molding sand.

The inrunner 34 of the molten steel pouring device 3 can be opened through the upper side plate 12 , the left side plate 14 , the right side plate 15 or the lower side plate 13 .

When the molten steel pouring device 3 is set through the upper side plate 12, the left side plate 14 or the right side plate 15, a cooling metal pipe frame 131 can be arranged in the lower side plate 13 (as shown in Figures 10A-10B ) The cooling metal pipe frame 131 is composed of a water inlet main pipe 1311, a water outlet main pipe 1312 and a plurality of branch pipes 1313 connected between the two main pipes. When the molten steel pouring device 3 is installed on the upper side plate 12, the ingate 34 communicates with the cavity of the casting, and the gate of the ingate is located at the middle and lower part of the height direction of the upper side plate 12, and multiple parallel distributed ingates are evenly distributed on the steel ingot in the width direction.

When the molten steel pouring device 3 is set on the lower side plate 13, the cooling metal pipe frame 131 is not arranged in the lower side plate 13; The gate of the ingate is located at the middle and lower part of the lower side plate 13 in the height direction, and a plurality of parallel ingates are evenly distributed in the width direction of the steel ingot.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in this embodiment, the riser 2 is installed at the highest position of the rectangular mold 1, and the riser 2 can be installed at the highest position of the obliquely placed cover plate 16 (as shown in Figure 2 , shown in Figure 3); Riser 2 can also be installed in the highest position of the upper side plate 12 placed obliquely (as shown in Figure 1). The horizontal section shape of the riser 2 is a rectangular structure along the width direction of the rectangular mold 1. The riser 2 can be set to one or more according to the width of the casting. flush. The riser mold adopts resin sand surface sand and traditional molding sand back sand; the inner wall surface of the riser is coated with 2-4mm high-temperature resistant paint (preferably alcohol-based zirconia paint), and the liquid surface of the riser steel is covered with heating agent and thermal insulation agent.

When the riser 2 is installed at the highest position of the obliquely placed cover plate 16, the cover plate 16 is provided with corresponding through holes 161 (as shown in Figure 11A), the riser 2 is in a vertical structure, and the riser 2. The cavity passes through the through hole 161 of the cover plate 16 and communicates with the cavity of the rectangular casting ingot; the size of the through hole 161 should ensure that the riser can escape from the through hole when the box is opened.

When the riser 2 was installed at the highest position of the upper side plate 12 placed obliquely, the riser 2 was in an L-shaped structure, and the short side of the L shape was a riser passage connected to the upper side plate 12 in the transverse direction, and the long side of the L shape The side is the feeding part of the riser, and the upper edge of the transverse riser channel is flush with the highest point of the inner cavity of the rectangular casting mold ingot, so as to facilitate the floating of impurities into the riser 2 during the casting process of the steel ingot.

In this embodiment, the manufacturing process of using the combined manufacturing device to manufacture a super-large rectangular ingot includes operational steps such as mold preparation, assembly, pouring, riser pouring, unpacking, and cleaning.

The specific operation steps are as follows:

1. Mold preparation: including forced cooling metal bottom plate, left side plate, right side plate, upper side plate, lower side plate, cover plate cleaning, modeling, painting, drying, etc.;

1. First find out the molds for forced cooling metal bottom plate, left side plate, right side plate, upper side plate, lower side plate, cover plate, etc. required for production, check whether the mold is damaged, and clean the remaining old sand and rust on the mold etc., repair or replace if damaged;

2. Clean the mold for molding operation:

Represented by the forced cooling metal bottom plate (including the forced cooling metal bottom plate, left and right side plates, and upper side plate), it is only necessary to hang 5-20 mm surface sand on the surface (inner side) that contacts the casting, and there is no riser, runner, etc. One type: place the mold horizontally according to the sand surface, install the surrounding sand thickness control boards on the four frames of the mold (tighten with screws), and introduce the prepared furan resin surface sand to be controlled by the thickness of the sand. In the cavity surrounded by the boards, lightly press the sand to spread it evenly, and use the scraper 9 to scrape off the excess surface sand along the tracks of the two parallel symmetrical thickness control boards, and make up for the missing parts (as shown in Figures 14A to 14C). shown); then ready to apply paint.

As shown in Figure 15A and Figure 15B, the following side plates (including the lower side plate, cover plate, etc.) need to hang sand on the surface contacting the casting, and also need to set up risers or runners, etc.: the mold is hung according to the sand Place it horizontally on top of the surface, install the surrounding sand thickness control board on the four frames of the mold; place the imported brick in the center of the through hole of the lower side plate, and fill the prepared furan resin sand between the imported brick and the through hole wall to the upper plane; Then add the prepared furan resin surface sand into the cavity surrounded by the thickness control board of hanging sand, press lightly to pave the sand evenly, and use the scraper 9 to scrape the excess surface sand along the tracks of the two parallel symmetrical thickness control boards Next, and make up the missing parts; then prepare to paint.

3. Coating: After the molding sand is hardened, apply the alcohol-based zirconia refractory coating to the horizontal surface in contact with the casting; coating and rolling method: pour the prepared alcohol-based zirconia refractory coating paste on the sand surface , After the initial flattening, then use the paint scraper to apply the paint paste to the sand surface along the track of two parallel symmetrical thickness control plates, and control the uniform paint thickness at 2-4mm. In the same way, other parts that are in contact with the casting are also coated with 2-4mm paint.

4. Drying: paint the surface of the paint with the paint paste containing a large amount of ethanol mixed with ethanol, and then ignite the paint with a fire to make the paint dry and harden by spontaneous combustion.

2. Box assembly: As shown in Figure 16A to Figure 16F, lay the bottom plane of the pit with dry sand to form the required slope (5°~15°) at the place where the forced cooling metal bottom plate is placed, and place the forced cooling metal bottom plate on it. Bottom plate (the side with the pitted grid facing down), rely on the self-weight of the forced cooling metal bottom plate to squeeze the dry sand below into the pits in the grid, connect the forced cooling metal bottom plate into and out of the medium pipeline, and confirm the connection is good through the pressure test , no leakage; then place the lower side plate above the forced cooling metal base plate first, remove the molding sand and impurities on the contact surface between the lower side plate and the forced cooling metal base plate before placing, and then paint a layer of about 1 to 2 mm on the contact surface Alcohol-based refractory mud paste, relying on the self-weight of the lower side plate to flatten and compact the paint paste; penetrate the fastening screw and positioning pin to fasten the lower side plate and the bottom plate; sand the inner side of the bottom plate and the lower side plate surface The paint paste on the sand contact part is filled and smoothed along the contact joint and then ignited; the left and right side panels and the upper side panels are installed in sequence and fastened to each other; finally, the assembled upper side panel, left and right side panels, and the lower side On the top of the plate, place a cover plate with a riser (the molding sand on the contact surface between the cover plate and the left and right side plates, the upper side plate, and the lower side plate is not removed), and the molding sand is tightly contacted and sealed; the fastening screw is penetrated and positioned The pins fasten the cover plate and each side plate; place the casting device, connect the sprue brick in the through hole of the lower side plate, lay the runner brick pipe and the sprue brick pipe, fill the bricks with molding sand, and finally place the casting Funnel (the lower plane of the funnel should be on the same level as the top of the riser), and finally fill the gap between the assembled rectangular mold and the inner wall of the pit with dry sand as back sand; connect the external inlet and return cooling pipelines, and prepare for casting.

3. Pouring of super large rectangular ingot:

1. Before casting, it is necessary to confirm that the cooling medium pipeline is normal and there is no leakage, the cooling medium inlet valve is closed, and the medium outflow valve and all channels connected to the drainage are opened to ensure that the gas in the cooling pipe can be discharged smoothly.

2. Molten steel is poured according to the parameters required by the process, as shown in Figure 17A to Figure 17D, through the pouring funnel, sprue, runner, and ingate, the molten steel is poured from the ingate in the through hole of the lower side plate of the rectangular mold It flows into the lower end of the casting mold placed at an inclination of 5°～15°. As the molten steel continues to rush in, the liquid steel surface advances from the bottom to the upward slope, and the gas and impurities mixed in the molten steel are also floating along with the liquid steel surface. Move upwards until the molten steel fills the mold, and impurities and gases continue to accumulate in the riser located at the upper slope. As the molten steel further rushes in, impurities and gases are squeezed into the riser until it is 200mm away from the upper end of the riser. Stop pouring left and right; add insulation and covering agent above the riser.

3. Directional cooling by feeding cooling medium: Slowly open the valve of the cooling medium inlet pipe, adjust the pressure and flow rate of the medium inlet pipe, and control the temperature of the medium outflow pipe to maintain between 50°C and 80°C until the casting is completely solidified.

4. Stop the ingot casting operation: After the overall temperature of the ingot reaches the process mold opening temperature, close the valve of the cooling pipeline. After the cooling pipeline medium evaporates, remove the medium inlet and outlet pipes connected to the mold.

5. Demolding operation: Remove the back sand outside the rectangular mold, remove the fastening bolts between the cover plate and the upper side plate, left and right side plates, and the lower side plate in turn, lift the cover plate box; remove the upper side plate , the fastening bolts between the left and right side plates, the lower side plate and the forced cooling metal bottom plate, remove the upper side plate, left and right side plates, and the lower side plate, and transport the steel ingots to the cleaning process for cleaning.

As shown in Figure 18A, it is the combined manufacturing device of the super-large rectangular ingot inclined casting using the above method and the present invention, and the simulation result of casting the ingot according to the parameters required by the process; Figure 18B is the defect simulation result of the traditional casting natural cooling method ; FIG. 18C is the defect simulation result of the directional solidification method of the overall water cooling of the bottom surface in the prior art; through the comparison of the simulation results, it can be known that the present invention can significantly improve the quality of the ingot.

The present invention has following beneficial technical effect:

1. Adopting the inclined casting method greatly reduces the static pressure and impact force of the molten steel on the casting mold, reduces the requirements for the structural strength between the joint parts of the casting mold, makes it possible to realize the combined structure, and greatly reduces the structural cost of the casting mold ;

2. Due to the use of the forced cooling metal bottom plate, it is possible to sequentially solidify the obliquely cast large steel ingot from bottom to top;

3. Due to the oblique placement of the forced-cooling metal base plate, it is possible to collect and remove impurities, gases and other harmful substances in the riser at the slant above during casting and solidification of large steel ingots;

4. Since the cooling medium channel of the obliquely placed forced-cooling metal base plate adopts the way of cooling medium entering from below and exiting from above, the temperature of the mold under cooling of the cooling pipe is relatively low, and the cooling capacity is strong. The temperature of the cooling medium gradually increases from the bottom to the top, and the cooling capacity decreases accordingly; it is consistent with the cooling sequence required by the casting.

5. Since the cooling branch pipes in the forced cooling metal base plate adopt the distribution form of dense in the middle and sparse on both sides, the heat transfer in the middle of the casting is improved and the looseness can be reduced;

6. Since the cooling metal pipe frame in the forced cooling metal base plate adopts the structure of multiple sets of independent water supply, it creates conditions for artificially controlled cooling of the castings, making it possible to weaken the looseness in the castings and eliminate shrinkage cavities;

7. Since the casting mold adopts a semi-permanent box-type combined structure, the molding, assembly and disassembly of the casting mold are simpler and more flexible; and it is possible to open the box by heat;

8. Since the casting mold adopts a semi-permanent box-type combined structure, the specification and size of the cavity of the casting mold can be changed by changing the height or length of the left and right side panels, upper and lower side panels. Therefore, the mold has stronger versatility and more convenient specification conversion , the mold cost can be greatly reduced;

9. Since the casting mold adopts a semi-permanent structure with hanging sand, the molten steel is no longer in direct contact with the metal mold, which avoids surface defects such as cold shut and steel beans caused by molten steel splashing and unstable rising;

10. Since the casting mold adopts the semi-permanent structure of hanging sand, the quenching strength of the molten steel contacting the sand mold surface is greatly reduced, which reduces the quenching nucleation ability of the surface layer, and weakens the thickness of the ultra-fine equiaxed crystal of the chilling layer on the surface of the steel ingot, making the overall steel ingot The uniform nucleation tendency is greatly increased, which greatly increases the proportion of equiaxed crystals in the whole ingot;

11. Due to the change of the thickness of the sand hanging on the forced cooling metal bottom plate (the bottom is thin and the top is uniformly changed), it plays a role in regulating and controlling the cooling and heat transfer of the mold, which is conducive to the transfer of loosening and shrinkage holes to the riser;

12. Since the semi-permanent casting mold is made of resin sand hanging sand material, the sand does not contain water and crystal water components, and no special drying is required. After casting, the resin carbonization and collapse of the molding sand can avoid the surface oxidation of the steel ingot, and the collapsed molding sand is more beneficial demoulding;

13. Due to the use of zirconia alcohol-based coating outside the resin sand hanging sand layer of the semi-permanent casting mold, under the high temperature sintering of molten steel, the zirconia coating layer forms a hard ceramic thin shell, which prevents the molten steel from flowing to the sand again on the one hand. Layer penetration avoids sand sticking, and at the same time prevents molding sand from being involved in molten steel and polluting molten metal;

14. The semi-permanent assembly adopts a flat surface on one side and a lattice pit structure on the other side. While ensuring the overall rigidity of the assembly, the weight of the overall mold is greatly reduced (reduced cost), and the stress is greatly reduced (possibility of thermal deformation Reduced sex), making the fixed connection between assemblies more convenient.

To sum up, the present invention makes it possible to manufacture ultra-large rectangular ingot combined, and at the same time, has the advantages of large equiaxed crystal area, good quality and high metal utilization rate.

The above descriptions are only illustrative specific implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. the combined type manufacturing approach of a ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting; With the combined type rectangular mold along its length direction fixed placement on 5 °～15 ° inclined plane, this rectangle mold is by the combining structure that can dismantle of forcing cool metal base plate and epipleural, lower side panel, left plate, right plate, cover plate to constitute; The highest position of the rectangle mold after assembling is provided with rising head, and the molten steel apparatus for pouring is set on the rectangle mold; The many groups metal pipe frame that is provided with one group of metal pipe frame or is set up in parallel in the said pressure cool metal base plate along the floor length direction; After molten steel injects the rectangle mold, in metal pipe frame, feed cooling medium the rectangle ingot blank of inclination is cooled off to realize directional solidification from bottom to top in proper order; After treating that rectangle ingot blank bulk temperature reaches technology molding temperature, stop to feed cooling medium; Cover plate and each side plate of dismounting combined type rectangular mold; Allocate and transport this rectangle ingot blank to subsequent processing;

This method is applicable to the casting of the ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank of 60 tons～150 tons ingot shape gauge thickness 800～1500mm, width 2100～5000mm, length 4000～10000mm.

2. the combined type manufacturing installation of a ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting; This manufacturing installation comprises a rectangle mold; It is characterized in that: this rectangle mold is along its length horizontal by 5 °～15 ° placements of tilting, and said rectangle mold is by forcing cool metal base plate and epipleural, lower side panel, left plate, right plate, cover plate to constitute the combining structure that can dismantle; Said pressure cool metal base plate by rectangular metal base plate body be coated on the intrinsic metal pipe frame of metal base plate and constitute; The medial surface of said pressure cool metal base plate, cover plate and each side plate is linked with the facing sand layer; The highest position of the rectangle mold after said assembling is provided with rising head, also is provided with the molten steel apparatus for pouring that injects molten steel on the rectangle mold.

3. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the metal pipe frame in the said pressure cool metal base plate is to be responsible for, to be responsible for down and perpendicular to the last person in charge be responsible for down and constitute with two a plurality of vertical arms of being responsible for conducting by laterally be going up of being provided with at interval up and down along the metal base plate body; The following person in charge's mouth of pipe that is positioned at metal base plate body one side is made as cooling medium inlet, and the person in charge's mouth of pipe of going up that is positioned at metal base plate body opposite side is made as the cooling medium outlet.

4. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: said metal pipe frame is set side by side with many groups along metal base plate body length direction.

5. like the combined type manufacturing installation of claim 3 or 4 described ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping castings, it is characterized in that: the arrangement mode of said vertical arm in metal base plate body width is that dredge middle close both sides.

6. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: said metal pipe frame is set side by side with many groups along metal base plate body length direction; Every group of metal pipe frame is by constituting with being positioned at a plurality of athwartship legs two ends and vertically being responsible for two of a plurality of athwartship leg conductings along a plurality of athwartship legs of metal base plate body lateral arrangement; One vertical person in charge is provided with cooling medium inlet, and another vertically is responsible for and is provided with the cooling medium outlet.

7. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the medial surface of said pressure cool metal base plate and each side plate is metal flat; The dorsal surface opposite with medial surface processed the grid type bowl configurations on said pressure cool metal base plate and each side plate.

8. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: the geometric center position, pit side that is close to adjacent plate on said each side plate is provided with and is used to be connected the fixedly bolt open-work of adjacent panel.

9. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: be provided with dovetail groove at said pressure cool metal plate upper surface near the position on four limits, or be interval with the open-work of a plurality of placement bolts.

10. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the plate face of said cover plate is provided with the rectangular mesh shape through hole structure of being made up of the pit and the open-work of a plurality of correspondences; In said latticed through hole structure, be filled with the moulding molding sand; The side is concaved with a plurality of grooves around the said cover plate, and the lower wall surface of groove is to having the bolt open-work in order to connect each side plate.

11. the combined type manufacturing installation like claim 8 or 10 described ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping castings is characterized in that: said each side plate and cover plate are made up of the corresponding plate assembling of two or polylith respectively.

12. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: said molten steel apparatus for pouring is made up of depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate; This molten steel apparatus for pouring connects and is opened on epipleural, left plate or the right plate.

13. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 12; It is characterized in that: be provided with the cool metal pipe support in the said lower side panel, this cool metal pipe support is made up of a plurality of arms that the water inlet person in charge, the water outlet person in charge and conducting are arranged between two persons in charge.

14. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: said molten steel apparatus for pouring is made up of depositing funnel, sprue, cross gate, ingate; This molten steel apparatus for pouring connects and is opened on the lower side panel.

15. combined type manufacturing installation like claim 12 or 14 described ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping castings; It is characterized in that: said rising head is installed in the highest position of rectangle mold; The rising head horizontal section is shaped as along the rectangular configuration of rectangle mold width; Rising head is set to one or more according to width cast, the plane is concordant with the depositing funnel lower surface of molten steel apparatus for pouring on the rising head.

16. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 15; It is characterized in that: said rising head is installed in tilted-putted cover plate highest position; Rising head is vertical shape structure, and the rising head inner chamber passes cover plate and communicates with rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber.

17. the combined type manufacturing installation of ultra-large type rectangle ingot blank sloping casting as claimed in claim 15; It is characterized in that: said rising head is installed in tilted-putted epipleural highest position; The L-shaped structure of rising head, L shaped minor face are the rising head passage of cross connection epipleural, and L shaped long limit is the feeding part of rising head; Laterally the upper edge of rising head passage is concordant with the peak of rectangle mold ingot shape inner chamber, is beneficial to float in the rising head on the impurity in the ingot steel casting process.

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