CN102127473B - Ether-base fuel - Google Patents
Ether-base fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102127473B CN102127473B CN201010000715.9A CN201010000715A CN102127473B CN 102127473 B CN102127473 B CN 102127473B CN 201010000715 A CN201010000715 A CN 201010000715A CN 102127473 B CN102127473 B CN 102127473B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/023—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for spark ignition
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel clean-fuel, specifically, the present invention relates to the ether-base fuel of a kind of cleaning.The ether-base fuel of the present invention comprises dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.More specifically, this ether-base fuel can only be formed by dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.The ether-base fuel of the present invention can be with replacing gasoline for automobile and other petrolic vehicles of use or power-equipment, especially for carburetor engine.The ether-base fuel of the present invention preferably comprises a certain amount of water, therefore the unnecessary anhydrous substances using costliness during selecting the raw material of ether-base fuel of the preparation present invention, such that it is able to saving fuel cost, the ether-base fuel of the present invention can also be formulated as the fuel of the most aqueous 14% simultaneously, in the case of not losing power performance, decrease the oil consumption of electromotor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Novel clean-fuel, specifically, the ether-base fuel of a kind of cleaning.This ether-base fuel comprises
Dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.More specifically, this ether-base fuel can be only made up of dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.
Background technology
It is known that oil is as a kind of non-renewable resource, in a national social life and national defense construction
In play indispensable effect.Along with improving constantly of our people's living standard, automobile has progressed into common people's
Family.Such as, Beijing has been put into the epoch of 4,000,000 amount automobiles.Therefore, along with the increase of automobile pollution,
The needs of gasoline are also being increased day by day.The crude output of China can not meet the most far away the need that domestic economy is flourish
Want.Now, China becomes crude oil net importer from crude exports state, and most of crude oil of China is dependent on import.This
The aggravation of the situation of kind will seriously restrict the further development of China's economy, even influence whether the national defense safety of China.Therefore, need
Find a kind of without using petroleum, thus be also no need for the vehicle fuel from external Imported oil.
Additionally, popularizing, in a large amount of exhaust emissions to atmospheric environment along with automobile so that automobile is bringing people's life just
While profit, also bring people various disease, particularly respiratory tract disease.In recent years, motor vehicle exhaust emission becomes the pass of people
Note focus.In order to reduce the various problems that motor vehicle exhaust emission is brought, countries in the world propose strict wanting to vehicle exhaust
Asking, there is related request including the U.S., there is Europe IV standard in Europe, and Japan has carried out it is said that most stringent of standard, and China is also in reality
Row is equivalent to Europe III or the standard of Europe IV.Further, every country will be the strictest for the requirement of exhaust emissions.Such as, beautiful
State has agreed to individual states and individually formulates the exhaust emission standard more tightened up than American National Standard.Beijing is hosting the Olympic Games
At the eve, carry out state IV standards in advance, and state's V standard will have been carried out as early as possible.Accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of can substitute is used at present
The cleaning fuel of motor petrol, this fuel while meeting the function of motor petrol, exhaust emissions more clean environment firendly.
The carcinogen that benzene is well recognized as, it is in the oil due to evaporation and burning, exhaust emissions entrance air, being good for the mankind
Health is brought and is directly affected.Therefore, this index is all any limitation as by European Union, Britain, Australian and Russian gasoline standard, one
As be defined as no more than 5% (v/v).According to Beijing's provincial standard, it is desirable to the content of benzene is not more than 1.0 volume %.But make
For environmental requirement, national governments and have shutting mechanism to be also possible to propose tightened up restriction.
Aromatic hydrocarbons is a kind of gasoline blender with higher octane and high heating value.But carcinogen can be caused after its burning
The formation of benzene, and easily increase the carbon deposit of combustor and increase CO2Discharge.It is generally acknowledged the content of Benzene In Gasoline and other aromatic hydrocarbons
The biggest, then the benzene content in combustion product is the biggest.Therefore, reducing Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Gasoline content will be because reducing the discharge of benzene in tail gas
And beneficially environment.
China is a big coal country, and coal reserves is the abundantest.Abundant coal resources are converted into fuel oil always
It it is a research direction.Coal is converted into methanol, and then is then converted to the important directions that dimethyl ether is also current coal utilization.
The units such as Shaanxi New-type fuel burner company investigated ether-base gasoline additive, and this additive comprises the diformazan of 5-37%
Ether, the low-carbon alcohols compounds of 10-60%, the C5-10 hydrocarbon compound of 10-50%, the alkyl phenol of 0.1-5% is to polyoxyethylene
Ether and the alkylphenol of 0.05-0.5%.This additive is mixed with gasoline, ether-base composite gasoline can be produced.Chinese invention
Patent application CN98112948.X also discloses a kind of ether-base gasoline additive, and it is made up of following component: 15.5% dimethyl ether,
42% methanol, 39% benzene, 3.3% alkylphenol polyoxyethylene and 0.2%2,6-ditertbutylparacresol.Suffer from this, China
The annual production of dimethyl ether can reach millions of tons at present.But, above two ether-base gasoline additive is high due to production cost,
And all containing substantial amounts of benzene so that the gasoline being added with both ether-base gasoline additives will cannot meet existing gasoline mark at all
Requirement to benzene content in standard.Furthermore, it is believed that add benzene in gasoline also inevitably result in benzene content urgency in gasoline combustion product
Acute rising, thus environment and human body are damaged.Now, numerous dimethyl ether manufacturers are in due to product marketing problem
Limited production or stopping production, wait the difficult condition looked around.
If it is possible to use dimethyl ether to produce cleaning fuel, not only do not worry raw material sources, and can be solved this
The problem that a little producers are current.
Although the standard of methanol gasoline has been issued and implemented, but owing to the substance characteristics of methanol makes methanol gasoline still suffer from
Some problems: one be that methanol is poor relative to the volatility of gasolene ingredient, cause use methanol gasoline engine cold-start difficulty,
Burn insufficient；Two is that methanol is poor with the intersolubility of gasoline, and the shelf-life is short, layering apt to deteriorate；Three is to substitute (i.e. to need than low
Use the gasoline that about 1.6-1.7 part methanol substitutes 1 part), four is if not changing engine structure, and methanol gasoline is at existing
Burning in motivation insufficient, dynamic property is not enough.
Summary of the invention
In a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of ether-base fuel, it comprises dimethyl ether and methanol.
In the preferred implementation of this first aspect, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 4-12 weight portion, first
The content of alcohol is 88-96 weight portion, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.
In the preferred implementation of this first aspect, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, methanol
Content be 91-95 weight portion, wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is made up of dimethyl ether and methanol.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is motor vehicle fuel.
In a kind of embodiment of this first aspect, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is gasoline engine fuel.
Second aspect present invention relates to comprising dimethyl ether, the ether-base fuel of first alcohol and water.
In the preferred implementation of second aspect present invention, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 4-12 weight
Part, the content of methanol is 88-96 weight portion, and the content of water is 5.3 weight portions to 16.3 weight portions, wherein dimethyl ether and methanol
Gross weight is 100 weight portions.Further, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, and the content of methanol is
91-95 weight portion, the content of water is 6.4 weight portions to 14 weight portions, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight
Part.Further, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, and the content of methanol is 91-95 weight portion,
The content of water is 6.4 weight portions to 11.1 weight portions, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.
In a kind of embodiment of this second aspect, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is made up of dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.
In a kind of embodiment of this second aspect, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is motor vehicle fuel.
In a kind of embodiment of this second aspect, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is gasoline engine fuel, preferably
Fuel for carburetor engine.
Thinking in the prior art, the moisture in liquid fuel should be lacked as far as possible, requires do not have in gasoline standard
Moisture exists, and requires that in the standard of ethanol petrol moisture is less than 0.8%.And the ether-base fuel of the present invention preferably comprises
A certain amount of water, the part water existed here, it is possible not only to the octane number of ether-base fuel is adjusted to required level, it is also possible to
Play combustion-supporting effect, improve the utilization ratio of fuel.Additionally, in the case of consuming peer-level fuel, due to water
Exist, then the consumption of natural fuel will be reduced, and in the case of the consumption disregarding moisture, indirectly reduce oil consumption.
Expensive anhydride is used additionally, unnecessary during the raw material of the ether-base fuel selected or prepare the present invention
Matter, and relevant dewatering process, such that it is able to save fuel cost.For example, it is possible to the ether-base fuel of the present invention is formulated as
The fuel (that is, in terms of the dimethyl ether and methanol of 100 weight portions, the content of water is up to 16.3 weight portions) of the most aqueous 14%,
Now, bigger to the tolerance of contained humidity in raw material, such as methanol.That is to say it is possible to use water content to be up to 10 weights
The methanol of amount %.
Detailed description of the invention
The present inventor, through substantial amounts of test and screening, comprises dimethyl ether it has surprisingly been found that can use
Solve or partly overcome the problems referred to above of this area with the New-type fuel of methanol.
A first aspect of the present invention
A first aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of novel ether-base fuel, and this novel ether-base fuel is combustion based on dimethyl ether
Material.Specifically, this novel ether-base fuel comprises dimethyl ether and methanol.
The novel ether-base fuel of the present invention does not use petroleum resources, and the gasoline deriving from oil can be replaced completely to make
For fuel for auto industry.Up to now, cannot expect from the prior art and comprise dimethyl ether and methanol as main group
The compositions divided can use as fuel, makes for replacing gasoline especially as vehicle fuel.From the prior art
Cannot expect at all the ether-base fuel being made up of dimethyl ether and methanol conventional gasoline can be replaced completely for motor vehicle fuel or
Other vehicles and the fuel of power-equipment.
Gasoline is typically the mixture of C4-C10 alkane, and containing the material such as benzene and toluene.
The ether-base fuel of the present invention ether-base fuel without gasoline key component, the i.e. present invention does not contains more than C4 alkane,
Such as C4-C10 alkane, benzene etc..In this article, " do not contain more than C4 hydrocarbon " to refer to not intentionally add more than C4 hydrocarbon.
The ether-base fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dimethyl ether and methanol.It is said that in general, in the ether-base fuel of the present invention, two
The content of methyl ether can be 4-12 weight portion, and the content of methanol can be the total of 88-96 weight portion, wherein dimethyl ether and methanol
Weight is 100 weight portions.Preferably, in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, and the content of methanol is 91-
95 weight portions, wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.
Below both components are described in detail.
Dimethyl ether is a kind of colourless, tasteless and nontoxic compound.Dimethyl ether is gas at ambient temperature and pressure.Its molecule
Amount is 46, and oxygen content is 35, and air-fuel ratio is 9, and air-fuel mixture calorific value is higher than diesel oil (3067/2911), and Cetane number is 60 (ratios
5-12 unit of diesel oil height), in exhaust emissions, CO and HC is than gasoline the lowest 55% and 86%.Therefore, the ratio of combustion of dimethyl ether
Gasoline is more complete, and combustion product is more more environmentally friendly than gasoline.The combustibility of dimethyl ether and good mechanical property, explosive force is strong, these property
Methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) can be better than.
The molecular weight of methanol is 32, and oxygen content is 50%, and air-fuel ratio is 6.4 (gasoline is 14.8), and octane number is 112 (ratios
15-22 unit of gasoline height), air-fuel mixture calorific value is slightly less than gasoline (2656/2786), and pollutant effulent is better than gasoline.First
The wide material sources of alcohol, more directly can be prepared by coal, and cost is relatively low.
Dimethyl ether used in the present invention and methanol can recycle it from coal poly-generation i.e. chemical fertilizer factory is discarded
Regrown material, wide material sources, and with low cost.
The ether-base fuel of the present invention have simultaneously dimethyl ether high-cleanness burning (thus high-cleanness discharge) advantage and
High-octane advantage of methanol, therefore, it is high that this ether-base fuel can have octane number, and fully, exhaust emission is low, raw material in burning
It is easy to get and advantage with low cost.The ether-base fuel of the present invention disclosure satisfy that the automobile industry requirements to gasoline, thus generation
Use as the fuel of automobile for conventional gasoline.
More particularly, the ether-base fuel of the present invention also has self-cleaning feature.It is not intended to be limited to concrete theory, this
The inventor of invention thinks owing to methanol has good solubility property, can be prevented effectively from spark plug, combustor, valve, row
The positions such as gas-pipe muffler form carbon deposit, prevent oil circuit from blocking, and avoid the fault caused because of carbon deposit and blocking, so producing
Automatic cleaning action.Surprisingly, the ether-base fuel of the present invention can complete in the case of without any additive
This self-cleaning function.
Therefore, the ether-base fuel of the present invention can realize cleaning burning, cleaning discharge and the effect of protection vehicle.
Can reach to regulate the effect of octane number by dimethyl ether and the content of methanol in regulation ether-base fuel.Typically
For, along with the content of methanol reduces, the octane number of the ether-base fuel of the present invention also can decrease.But, due to methanol originally
The octane number of body is the highest, and therefore, in the case of not using octane number modifying agent, the octane number of the ether-base fuel of the present invention is all
Can be higher.
The ether-base fuel of the present invention can not use any additive, say, that the ether-base fuel of the present invention can be only
Only it is made up of dimethyl ether and methanol.But, according to the needs of concrete application, it is also possible to add other component or additive, with
Improve some performance of gained fuel the most further.
Owing to the novel ether-base fuel of the present invention is different from conventional fuel (such as gasoline and diesel oil), therefore, conventional vapour
Oil additive might not can be used in the ether-base fuel of the present invention.At the ether-base fuel that conventional additive is used for the present invention
Before, it is necessary to first carry out compatibility test.Here compatibility test refers to that additive to be used can be dissolved in the present invention
Ether-base fuel in, and stable existence can be kept, and not change the character of ether-base fuel of the present invention.Only those and this
Bright ether-base fuel can it is possible in the ether-base fuel of the present invention by compatible additive.In addition it is also necessary to note adding
The addition adding agent can not significantly, adversely affect the special performance of ether-base fuel of the present invention, such as cleanliness etc..
The regular price gasoline additive being possibly used for ether-base fuel of the present invention includes, such as, catalyst, combustion-supporting agent, antioxidation
Agent, combustion adjuvant, detersive, antidetonator, matal deactivator, corrosion inhibiter, anti-freezing agent, anticorrosive, antismoke agent etc..Through compatible
After property experimental examination is qualified, can be joined by these additives in the ether-base fuel of the present invention, condition is the most significantly, adversely
Affect the special performance of the ether-base fuel of the present invention.The group of additive can also be added in the ether-base fuel of the present invention
Closing, condition is the special performance of the ether-base fuel the most significantly, adversely affecting the present invention.
Inventor is found by lot of experiments, and some commercially available prod can be used for the ether-base fuel of the present invention, such as
The ethanol gasoline detergent that petrochemical industry academy produces, the fuel economizing detersive etc. that Xinxiang, Henan Si Te gas saver factory produces.
In addition to conventional additives, the inventors found that the ether-base fuel of the present invention can also comprise water as
Combustion adjuvant.In view of avoiding bringing impurity into due to the addition of water, distilled water or deionized water are preferably used.It is not intended to limited
In concrete theoretical, the combustion-supporting effect of water can make description below: first, water is (such as, petrol engine under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions
Under conditions of), it may occur that decompose, produce hydrogen and oxygen, and participate in reaction.Secondly, water under conditions of engine chamber,
Can gasify rapidly and expand, thus participate in expansion work, and promote contacting of fuel and air.
The when of additionally, contain water, particularly distilled water or deionized water in the ether-base fuel of the present invention, distilled water
Or deionized water also acts the effect of octane number modifying agent.As it was previously stated, comprise the ether of the present invention of dimethyl ether and methanol
The octane number of fuel is higher.Therefore, the when that the ether-base fuel in the present invention containing distilled water or deionized water, it is also possible to pass through
Adjust the content of water, regulate the octane number of ether-base fuel of the present invention, more specifically reduce octane number.The present inventor
Find, in the ether-base fuel of the present invention, in the case of the content of dimethyl ether and methanol keeps constant and is 100 weight portions,
Often adding the water of 1 weight portion, the octane number of ether-base fuel will reduce about 1.0.
More particularly, the present inventor is through substantial amounts of research work, it has been unexpectedly found that the present invention's
Ether-base fuel adds 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol as antioxidant, it is possible to reduce the ether-base fuel autoxidation of the present invention
And the colloid produced, delay oxidized, extend shelf lives.Ether-base fuel in the present invention contains 2, and 6-di-t-butyl is to first
The when of phenol, the content of 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol can be 0.005-0.5 weight portion, preferably 0.01-0.1 weight portion, base
Dimethyl ether and methanol total amount in 100 weight portions.
If it was found by the inventors of the present invention that containing Oleum Ricini in the ether-base fuel of the present invention, then can be improved this further
The function of ether-base fuel and effect.In ether-base fuel, Oleum Ricini can play lubricant, viscosity improver, activating agent and anticorrosion
The effect of agent.The ether-base fuel of the present invention contains Oleum Ricini when, it is possible to reduce the corrosion of electromotor parts and abrasion.Castor
The preferred content of Oleum Sesami is 0.5-1.5 weight portion, dimethyl ether based on 100 weight portions and methanol total amount.
Although the ether-base fuel of the present invention has automatic cleaning action, but is the ether-base fuel further enhancing the present invention
Cleaning action, increases the cleaning of oil piping system further and reduces the generation of carbon on engine, and the ether-base fuel of the present invention is also
Detersive can be contained.Inventor finds, preferably adds succimide in the ether-base fuel of the present invention.Succimide can
To play removing carburator and the greasy filth of crankcase system and the effect of carbon distribution, reduce the pollution to atmospheric environment, reduce CO's
Discharge, reduces the discharge of HC (Hydrocarbon), additionally it is possible to reduces oil pump and the abrasion of atomizer, prevents spark plug coking, and
Improve the power of electromotor, thus save the energy, and improve fuel economy.In the ether-base fuel of the present invention, with dimethyl ether
Being 100 weight portion meters with the gross weight of methanol, the content of succimide can be 0.005-0.02 weight portion, it is preferable that fourth
The content of imidodicarbonic diamide is 0.008-0.012 weight portion.
Inventor is it was also surprisingly found that contain Oleum Ricini, succimide in the ether-base fuel of the present invention simultaneously
The when of with 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, these three additive can provide synergism so that the ether-base fuel of the present invention
Quality is more stable, and the burning of fuel is more fully, electromotor runs safety and power is sufficient.
Method for the ether-base fuel of the preparation present invention is not particularly limited, and can be obtained by chemical field routine techniques
Obtain the ether-base fuel of the present invention.The preparation of ether-base fuel of the present invention is included in the case of comprising additive, the addition of additive,
And dimethyl ether and the mixing of methanol.It is said that in general, can additive be joined in methanol, mix with dimethyl ether the most again.
However, it is also possible to first carry out the mixing of dimethyl ether and methanol, then add additive.For rear addition additive, as
Fruit needs stirring, then should be slowly stirred.For the mixing of dimethyl ether and methanol, generally can use absorption column of gas
Obtain this mixing.Use absorption column of gas to carry out liquid gas to be absorbed thus being of mixing that obtain liquid and gas
The routine techniques in work field.The acquisition of ether-base fuel of the present invention is that the method using Physical Absorption obtains, and merely relates to methanol
Absorption to dimethyl ether.It is said that in general, be generally selected counter-current absorption, complete the preparation of ether-base fuel of the present invention.The present invention couple
Selection in absorption tower does not has any restriction, can select packed tower, plate column.The present invention for acceptance condition also without
Any restriction, chemical engineering technicians in the face of methanol to these specific purposes of absorption of gas of dimethyl ether time, can according to base
These Principles of Chemical Engineering, and required relative amount selects absorption tower and acceptance condition.Typically, conventional room temperature absorbs
Complete the methanol absorption to dimethyl ether.
This absorption process can be summarized as follows: makes gas of dimethyl ether through measuring fixed amount equipment (such as gas distributor)
Enter bottom absorption tower；Meanwhile so that methanol (or being pre-mixed the methanol of additive) adds from tower top, gas-liquid
Biphase reverse flow in absorption tower, and directly and be fully contacted so that gas of dimethyl ether is absorbed by methanol.According to absorption tower
Selection and the difference of efficiency, can use one way absorb or cyclic absorption.For cyclic absorption, can be by from tower
The end methanol (and optionally containing additive) containing dimethyl ether out is again delivered back into tower top and is incorporated in tower, by tower top
Gas out is again delivered back at the bottom of tower and is incorporated in tower, thus repeats the absorption process of gas of dimethyl ether.This repetition
Absorb and can carry out repeatedly as required.But, it will also be understood by the skilled reader that and just absorbed by the one way on absorption tower
Substantially dimethyl ether can be dissolved in methanol, it is thus achieved that required dimethyl ether content and without repeat absorb.
The stability of the ether-base fuel of the present invention is significantly larger than regular gasoline.This can be when the ether-base fuel of the present invention is long
Between deposit after induction period and essence gum level proved.
A second aspect of the present invention
A second aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of novel ether-base fuel, and this novel ether-base fuel is to comprise dimethyl ether, methanol
Fuel with water.And, this New-type fuel can be made up of dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.
The ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention without the ether-base fuel of gasoline key component, the i.e. present invention do not contain C4 with
Upper alkane, such as C4-C10 alkane, benzene etc..In this article, " do not contain more than C4 hydrocarbon " to refer to not intentionally add more than C4 hydrocarbon.
The ether-base fuel of the present invention mainly comprises dimethyl ether, first alcohol and water.It is said that in general, at the ether-base fuel of the present invention
In, the content of dimethyl ether can be 4-12 weight portion, and the content of methanol can be 88-96 weight portion, and the content of water is 5.3 weights
Amount part is to 16.3 weight portions, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.Preferably, in this ether-base fuel, two
The content of methyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, and the content of methanol is 91-95 weight portion, the content of water be 6.4 weight portions to 14 weight portions,
Wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.It is highly preferred that in this ether-base fuel, the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9
Weight portion, the content of methanol is 91-95 weight portion, the content of water be 6.4 weight portions to 11.1 weight portions, wherein dimethyl ether and first
The gross weight of alcohol is 100 weight portions.
The dimethyl ether used in second aspect present invention is identical with the dimethyl ether of first aspect above and methanol with methanol.
The water used in second aspect present invention preferably refers to distilled water or deionized water, to avoid adding due to water
Enter and bring impurity into.
In the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention, water can serve as combustion adjuvant.It is not intended to be limited to concrete theory, water
Combustion-supporting effect can make description below: first, water under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (such as, under conditions of petrol engine), meeting
Decompose, produce hydrogen and oxygen, and participate in reaction.Secondly, water, under conditions of engine chamber, can gasify rapidly also
Expand, thus participate in expansion work, and promote contacting of fuel and air.
Additionally, in the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention containing water, particularly distilled water or deionized water time
Waiting, distilled water or deionized water also act the effect of octane number modifying agent.As it was previously stated, comprise this of dimethyl ether and methanol
The octane number of bright ether-base fuel is higher.Therefore, the when that the ether-base fuel in the present invention containing distilled water or deionized water, also
The octane number of ether-base fuel of the present invention can be regulated by adjusting the content of water, more specifically reduces octane number.The present invention
Inventor find, in the ether-base fuel of the present invention, the content at dimethyl ether and methanol keeps constant and be 100 weight portions
In the case of, often adding the water of 1 weight portion, the octane number of ether-base fuel will reduce about 1.0.Such as, water-free ether-base fuel
Octane number be typically greater than 100, when the water containing 6-9 weight portion, the octane number of ether-base fuel is about 93-97, with logical
No. 93 to No. 97 gasoline often used are similar to.
The ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention preferably comprises a certain amount of water, the part water existed here, is possible not only to
The octane number of ether-base fuel is adjusted to required level, it is also possible to play combustion-supporting effect, improves the utilization ratio of fuel.
Additionally, in the case of consuming peer-level fuel, due to the existence of water, then the consumption of natural fuel will be reduced, not
In the case of the consumption of meter moisture, indirectly reduce oil consumption.
Expensive anhydrous substances is used additionally, unnecessary during selecting the raw material of ether-base fuel of the preparation present invention,
Such that it is able to saving fuel cost.For example, it is possible to the ether-base fuel of the present invention is formulated as the fuel of the most aqueous 14% (also
That is, in terms of the dimethyl ether and methanol of 100 weight portions, the content of water is up to 16.3 weight portions), now, to raw material, such as in methanol
The tolerance of contained humidity is bigger.That is to say it is possible to use water content to be up to the methanol of 10 weight %.
Meanwhile, through the most careful research, the present inventors have additionally discovered that, when the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention
When water content is 5.3 weight portions to 14 weight portions (dimethyl ether based on 100 weight portions altogether and methanol), the second party of the present invention
Oil consumption reduced value and other character of the ether-base fuel in face are held at significantly higher level.
The ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention can not use any other additive.
The ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention the most also has the ether-base fuel of first aspect present invention and has the advantage that.
More particularly, the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention also has self-cleaning feature.It is not intended to be limited to tool
Body is theoretical, and the present inventor thinks owing to methanol has good solubility property, can be prevented effectively from spark plug, burning
The position such as room, valve, muffler of gas escape tube forms carbon deposit, prevents oil circuit from blocking, and avoid causing because of carbon deposit and blocking therefore
Barrier, so creating automatic cleaning action.Surprisingly, the ether-base fuel of the present invention can add without any other
In the case of agent, complete this self-cleaning function.
Therefore, the ether-base fuel of the present invention can realize cleaning burning, cleaning discharge and the effect of protection vehicle.
Second aspect present invention in addition to automatic cleaning action, the advantage also with oneself uniqueness.
Such as, as it has been described above, water present in the ether-base fuel, octane number and combustion-supporting can be adjusted.It addition, the existence of water
May additionally facilitate the improvement of fuel combustion performance, prevent or reduce the emission pollution to environment, and being conducive to saving the energy.
The ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention can be used for various vehicle.The ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention can be used for
Various petrol engines, such as BBG and carburetor engine.
According to the needs of concrete application, the ether-base fuel of invention second aspect can also add other component or interpolation
Agent, in order to improve the respective performances of gained fuel further.
These additives can be selected from those conventional additives for gasoline, such as, catalyst, combustion-supporting agent, antioxidation
Agent, combustion adjuvant, detersive etc..The combination of additive can also be added in the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention, as long as
The most significantly adversely affect the special performance of the ether-base fuel of the present invention.About the description of various additives, may refer to
The above detailed description of first aspect present invention.Similarly, inventor it is also surprisingly found that, in second aspect present invention
Ether-base fuel in when contain Oleum Ricini, succimide and 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol simultaneously, these three catalyst
Can provide synergism so that the ether-base fuel quality of the present invention is more stable, the burning of fuel is more abundant, electromotor fortune
Row safety and power are sufficient.
Method for the ether-base fuel of the preparation present invention is not particularly limited, and can be obtained by chemical field routine techniques
Obtain the ether-base fuel of the present invention.The preparation of ether-base fuel of the present invention includes water and the addition of other optional additive, and
Dimethyl ether and the mixing of methanol.It is said that in general, other optional additive is joined in methanol, then mix with dimethyl ether, so
Rear interpolation water, it is also possible to first carry out the mixing of dimethyl ether and methanol, then adds water and other optional additive.For
For rear addition additive, if needing stirring, then should be slowly stirred.For the mixing of dimethyl ether and methanol, generally
Absorption column of gas can be used to obtain this mixing.Use absorption column of gas to carry out liquid to the absorption of gas thus to obtain
The mixing of liquid and gas is the routine techniques of chemical field.The acquisition of ether-base fuel of the present invention is the method using Physical Absorption
Obtain, merely relate to the methanol absorption to dimethyl ether.It is said that in general, be generally selected counter-current absorption, complete ether of the present invention
The preparation of fuel.The present invention does not has any restriction for the selection on absorption tower, can select packed tower, plate column.The present invention
For acceptance condition also without any restriction, chemical engineering technicians in the face of methanol to the absorption of gas of dimethyl ether this
During specific purposes, meeting is according to basic chemical industry principle, and required relative amount selects absorption tower and acceptance condition.Generally and
Speech, room temperature absorbs can complete the methanol absorption to dimethyl ether.
This absorption process can be summarized as follows: makes gas of dimethyl ether through measuring fixed amount equipment (such as gas distributor)
Enter bottom absorption tower；Meanwhile so that methanol (or being pre-mixed the methanol of other optional additive) is from tower
Top adds, and gas-liquid two-phase is reverse flow in absorption tower, and directly and be fully contacted so that gas of dimethyl ether is inhaled by methanol
Receive.Selection according to absorption tower and the difference of efficiency thereof, can use one way to absorb or cyclic absorption.For cyclic absorption
Speech, can will be transmitted back to from the methanol (and optionally with other optional additive) containing dimethyl ether out at the bottom of tower again
To tower top and be incorporated in tower, tower top gas out is again delivered back at the bottom of tower and is incorporated in tower, thus repeats diformazan
The absorption process of ether gas.This repeat to absorb can carry out repeatedly as required.But, those skilled in the art can also know
Road, is absorbed by the one way on absorption tower and just can be substantially dissolved in methanol by dimethyl ether, it is thus achieved that required dimethyl ether content and
Without repeating to absorb.The stability of the ether-base fuel of the present invention is significantly larger than regular gasoline.This can fire from the ether of the present invention
Induction period and the essence gum level of material are proved.
Generally, use pure material mixing, obtain the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention.Meanwhile, if conduct
The methanol of raw material contains water, then the amount of water should have been taken into account, calculate datum quantity, and during the amount of mixing water,
All it is contemplated that existing water content in other raw material.Such as, if target ether-base fuel contains 8 weight portion dimethyl ether, 92 weights
Amount part methanol and 8 weight parts waters, and material benzenemethanol contains the water of 6%, then should use: the dimethyl ether of 8 weight portions, 97.9 weights
The methanol of amount part, the water of 2.1 weight portions.
Ether-base fuel in second aspect present invention can reach the effect of energy saving fuel as an alternative.In same work
Under the conditions of the electromotor of condition uses, the saving ratio of fuel can be up to 10%-20%.
Furthermore, it is possible to the ether-base fuel of second aspect present invention and various gasoline are mixed to form fuel combination, for each
Plant electromotor.But due to this fuel combination may owing to producing emulsifying or lamination containing comparatively large number of water,
Thus cause the most so not using.
Below employing specific embodiment is further described the present invention.But, the present invention is not embodied as by these
The restriction of example.
Embodiment
The raw material sources brief introduction used in the examples below is as follows:
Methanol: purchased from Beijing Chemical Plant, content is 99%；
Dimethyl ether: purchased from Hebei Ji Chun dimethyl ether Development Co., Ltd, content is 99.5%；
2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol: purchased from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group；
Oleum Ricini: purchased from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group, content is 99%；
Succimide: purchased from chemical reagent company limited of traditional Chinese medicines group, content 98.8-100.5%；
Water used is self-control distilled water.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 1
In ventional absorption tower, according to counter-current absorption method, by absorption of dimethyl ether in methanol, obtaining dimethyl ether con is 5
The methanol solution of weight %, thus obtain ether-base fuel 1.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 2
Identical with ether-base fuel embodiment 1, in above-mentioned absorption tower, according to counter-current absorption method, by absorption of dimethyl ether in first
In alcohol, obtain the methanol solution that dimethyl ether con is 9 weight %, thus obtain ether-base fuel 2.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 3
In transparent vessel, the water of ether-base fuel 1 and 530g obtained as described above for 10kg is mixed, it is thus achieved that ether-base fuel
3。
Ether-base fuel embodiment 4
In transparent vessel, the water of ether-base fuel 2 and 640g obtained as described above for 10kg is mixed, it is thus achieved that ether-base fuel
4。
Ether-base fuel embodiment 5
In transparent vessel, the water of ether-base fuel 1 and 1110g obtained as described above for 10kg is mixed, it is thus achieved that ether fires
Material 5.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 6
In transparent vessel, the water of ether-base fuel 2 and 1400g obtained as described above for 10kg is mixed, it is thus achieved that ether fires
Material 6.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 7
In transparent vessel, the water of ether-base fuel 1 and 1630g obtained as described above for 10kg is mixed, it is thus achieved that ether fires
Material 7.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 8
1g 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 1g succimide and 100g Oleum Ricini are joined 10kg make as mentioned above
In the ether-base fuel 1 obtained, gentle agitation, it is thus achieved that ether-base fuel 8.
Ether-base fuel embodiment 9
1g 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, 1g succimide, 900g water and 100g Oleum Ricini are joined 10kg as above
In described prepared ether-base fuel 1, gentle agitation, it is thus achieved that ether-base fuel 9.
Storage characteristics is tested
1. the above-mentioned the most airtight preservation of ether-base fuel 1-9 that will prepare, stands overnight in ambient temperature, and then vision is seen
Examine, do not find lamination.
2. the above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-9 prepared respectively is taken 1000g, the most airtight preservation, preserves 3 months in ambient temperature
After-vision is observed, and does not find lamination.
Octane number is measured
According to GB/T5487 testing octane number of gasoline method (organon), previously obtained ether-base fuel 1-9 is carried out octane
Value is measured, and measurement result is shown in Table 1.
Stability test
The above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-9 prepared is placed 3 months at ambient conditions, then according to G B/T8019 measures
Gum level, and measure induction period according to GB/T8018, measurement result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Table 1 (Continued)
Note*: ether-base fuel 8 and 9 possibly together with about 0.01% 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, about 0.01% succinyl sub-
Amine and the Oleum Ricini of about 1%.
2 kilometers of operation tests of vehicle
The fuel tank gasoline of Song Hua River automobile (Dongan 462 h type engine h) is drained, above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-9 is respectively asked for 2
Kilogram and put in fuel tank.Ignition trigger, after examination is fired 10 minutes, (road conditions are highway, flat to carry out 2 kilometers of trial runs
All speed per hours are about 80 kilometers/hour).Above-mentioned operation result is transported with using No. 93 motor petrol (production of middle petrochemical industry Beijing company)
Situation during this automobile of row, compares according to following item compared 1-4.This item compared 1-3 is to use to have 10 year driving age
Driver's subjective sensation judge.Project 4 uses all discharges remaining fuel from fuel tank, and weighs weight,
Thus calculate oil consumption.
Item compared:
1. engine combustion situation
2. running state of the vehicle
3. whether exhaustor discharges visible foreign (such as, black smoke etc.) (now needs to lengthen exhaustor so that driver can
To see the tail gas from emission by exhaust pipe).
4. result is how compared with gasoline in oil consumption
Above-mentioned comparative result is shown in Table 2.
In " engine combustion situation " string of table 2, " ◎ " represents engine combustion situation and No. 93 motor petrol phases
When or more excellent；"×" represents that engine combustion situation is inferior to No. 93 motor petrol.
In " running state of the vehicle " string of table 2, " ◎ " represent running state of the vehicle and No. 93 motor petrol quite or
Person is more excellent；"×" represents that running state of the vehicle is inferior to No. 93 motor petrol.
In " whether exhaustor discharges visible foreign " string of table 2, visible foreign is not discharged in " ◎ " expression；"×" represents
Discharge visible foreign.
In " oil consumption compared with gasoline result how " string of table 2, " ◎ " represents that oil consumption is suitable with No. 93 motor petrol
Or it is more excellent；"×" represents that oil consumption is inferior to No. 93 motor petrol.
Vehicle long distance running is tested
Repeating the test preparation of above ether-base fuel 1-9, difference is that the consumption of each component all increases to former consumption
10 times, in order to carry out 600 kilometers of distance tests for identical Song Hua River automobile, and according to above method, evaluate vehicle
Ruuning situation.Long distance running test uses section, expressway, and average speed per hour is 100 kilometers/hour.Evaluation result is shown in table 2
In.
Inventor finds when the ether-base fuel using the present invention carries out above-mentioned operation test, for short distance, distance
And difference car category all obtains consistent identical good result, therefore, the result in table 2 below represents operation above
All results of test.
Table 2
Table 2 (Continued)
Note: in fuel consumption herein, including the consumption of water is disregarded.
From the result of Tables 1 and 2 it can be seen that the ether-base fuel of first aspect present invention and the ether of invention second aspect
Base fuel may be used for various vehicular petrol engine, and fuel consumption is the most suitable with marketable gasolines.The result of Tables 1 and 2 is also demonstrate,proved
Real, the ether-base fuel of first aspect present invention and second aspect can be used alone.The result of table 1 confirms equally, this
The ether-base fuel octane number of bright first aspect is higher, has been above more than 98.The result of table 1 confirms equally, and the present invention second
The ether-base fuel octane number of aspect is higher, and major part is more than 97.
When using carburetor engine (by adjusting intake valve, ignition advance angle), fuel consumption (disregards the consumption of water)
Compared with marketable gasolines relatively low.
Detection of fuel
To above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1 to 9, carry out boiling range, copper corrosion and lead content detection.Wherein boiling range detects according to GB/
T6536 is carried out, and copper corrosion detection is carried out according to GB/T5096, and lead content detection GB/T8020 is carried out.Testing result is shown in down
In table 3.
Table 3
Table 3 (Continued)
From the results shown in Table 3, the ether-base fuel indices of the present invention all obtains good result.
Emission detections
According to GB 18285-2005, use Cherry's SQR7080 automobile (engine model SQR372FD) and Song Hua River miniature
Way-train (facing the carburetor used car scrapped, run, and runs and travelled 400,000 kilometers up to 8 years, engine models by October, 99
Number it is Dongan 462 type).Above-mentioned ether-base fuel 1-9 is carried out exhaust emissions measurement.
Measurement result is shown in table 4 below.
Table 4 (using Cherry's SQR7080 automobile to record)
*Result above is the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of three measured values.
Table 4 (continuous, to use engine model Dongan 462 to record)
*Result above is the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of three measured values.
From table 4, it can be seen that use the ether-base fuel of the present invention, tail gas discharging pollutant is significantly lower than country's mark of China
Accurate.
It is high that the ether-base fuel of the present invention has octane number, increases dynamic property, and energy consumption is low, and cleanliness is high, and versatility is good, guarantees the quality
Phase is long, wide material sources etc. advantage.Owing to octane number is high, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is more applicable for high compression engine,
Thus increase dynamic property.It is said that in general, the ether-base fuel of the present invention is high due to octane number, and raising can be added in preparation
Calorific value component, in the case of vehicle does accommodation (reducing air inlet, adjust ignition advance angle), specific consumption reduces by 5%.
The ether-base fuel of the present invention is high oxygenated fuel, due to burning completely, automotive pollutant emission CO, CO2+HC can be made to reduce
50%-80%, carcinogen benzene and sulfur discharge coefficient are 0.Can effectively remove vehicle fuel feeding, combustion system carbon distribution simultaneously, extend and send out
The service life of motivation.The versatility of ether-base fuel of the present invention is good, in the case of not changing engine structure and parameter, and can be direct
Use；And inventor finds turning air door down, in the case of adjusting ignition advance angle, the dynamic of electromotor can be improved further
Power, and stable operation.The induction period of the ether-base fuel of the present invention is more than a times of GB gasoline.Can preserve steadily in the long term, energy
Enough make storage, transport, sell and use link required time to extend.
Claims (6)
1. an ether-base fuel, wherein said ether-base fuel is by dimethyl ether, methanol, water, 2,6 ditertiary butyl p cresol, Oleum Ricini
Forming with succimide, wherein the content of dimethyl ether is 4-12 weight portion, and the content of methanol is 88-96 weight portion, water
Content is 5.3 weight portions to 16.3 weight portions, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions；2,6-di-t-butyl
The content of paracresol is 0.01-0.1 weight portion, dimethyl ether based on 100 weight portions and methanol total amount；The content of Oleum Ricini is
0.5-1.5 weight portion, dimethyl ether based on 100 weight portions and methanol total amount；It is 100 weight with the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol
Part meter, the content of succimide is 0.008-0.012 weight portion.
2. the ether-base fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, and the content of methanol is 91-95 weight
Part, the content of water is 6.4 weight portions to 14 weight portions, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.
3. the ether-base fuel of claim 1, wherein the content of dimethyl ether is 5-9 weight portion, and the content of methanol is 91-95 weight
Part, the content of water is 6.4 weight portions to 11.1 weight portions, and wherein the gross weight of dimethyl ether and methanol is 100 weight portions.
4. the ether-base fuel of any one of claim 1-3, wherein said ether-base fuel is motor vehicle fuel.
5. the ether-base fuel of any one of claim 1-3, wherein said ether-base fuel is gasoline engine fuel.
6. the ether-base fuel of any one of claim 1-3, wherein said ether-base fuel is the fuel for carburetor engine.
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| PCT/CN2011/070112 WO2011085657A1 (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2011-01-10 | Ether-based fuel |
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| TWI616523B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2018-03-01 | 葛寧能源及資源私人有限公司 | Process for powering a compression ignition engine and fuel therefor |
| SG11201407903RA (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2015-01-29 | Gane Energy & Resources Pty Ltd | Methods for the preparation and delivery of fuel compositions |
| CN102813015A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-12-12 | 陕西鹏翔茶业有限公司 | Production technique of specialty tea |
| GB2529398C (en) * | 2014-08-17 | 2021-04-07 | Avocet Ip Ltd | Fuel, system and method |
| CN104265450B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-01-18 | 北京海德利森科技有限公司 | Methanol-based fuel high-pressure supplying device |
| CN106190348A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-07 | 桂林福冈新材料有限公司 | A kind of ether-base fuel |
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| US6270541B1 (en) * | 1994-08-12 | 2001-08-07 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Diesel fuel composition |
| US6324827B1 (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 2001-12-04 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Method of generating power in a dry low NOx combustion system |
| CN1226396C (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2005-11-09 | 黑龙江建业燃料有限责任公司 | Clean alcohol fuel |
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