CN102136626B - Broadband-narrowband combined antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a broadband-narrowband combined antenna, which belongs to the field of microwave technology. The invention includes a dielectric substrate (1), a broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna (5), and a narrowband patch antenna (9); wherein the broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna (5) and the narrowband patch antenna (9) are respectively arranged on the dielectric substrate On (1), the narrowband patch antenna (9) and the broadband symmetrical tapered slotline antenna (5) do not overlap each other. The invention has simple structure; the isolation between the broadband and narrowband antenna units is high, the broadband unit can realize the spectrum interception function of the broadband, and the narrowband antenna can be used as the communication of the narrowband system; and the present invention has approximate unidirectional radiation characteristics, For handheld applications, it can effectively avoid affecting the human body or introducing unnecessary interference.

Description

A Broadband-Narrowband Combination Antenna

Technical field:

The invention relates to a broadband-narrowband combined antenna, belonging to the technical field of microwave antennas.

Background technique:

With the rapid development of wireless sensor networks in recent years, the "Internet of Things" based on wireless sensor networks is expected to integrate various infrastructure facilities and communication networks. One of the basic nodes of the "Internet of Things" is the wireless sensor, and the multi-frequency or broadband antenna is one of the key components to realize the wireless sensor. Since the access of various items will increase the number of network nodes and the number of users dramatically, the spectrum resources that may be occupied will naturally be more, and spectrum resource conflicts may occur in a certain frequency band. Spectrum sensing technology has become an effective method to eliminate spectrum resource conflicts and improve spectrum resource utilization in the "Internet of Things".

As a basic component for picking up spectrum information and realizing spectrum sensing technology, the antenna must not only effectively detect "spectrum holes" (broadband interception) in a wider frequency band, but also realize the relatively narrow bandwidth system transceiver function (normal communications). For most small wireless communication devices, in order to realize the above-mentioned spectrum sensing function, both wideband and narrowband antennas need to be integrated in a strictly limited space. Since the distance between the broadband antenna and the narrowband antenna is very small, it is difficult to improve the isolation, which will lead to serious mutual coupling and crosstalk between the two, which will affect the actual performance. Therefore, in order to meet the performance requirements of the "Internet of Things" and spectrum sensing technology for antennas, it is necessary to try to improve the isolation between broadband and narrowband antenna elements without significantly increasing the size and complexity of the antenna, so as to solve the problem of wideband in a limited space. Coexistence issues with narrowband antennas.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a broadband-narrowband combined antenna for the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology; so that the broadband antenna and the narrowband antenna in the combined antenna have a high degree of isolation, and the broadband antenna can be used For the spectrum sensing function in the wideband, the narrowband antenna can be used for sending and receiving communication in the narrowband.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme for realizing above-mentioned purpose of the invention:

A broadband-narrowband combined antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate, a broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna, and a narrowband patch antenna; wherein the broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna and the narrowband patch antenna are respectively arranged on the dielectric substrate, and the narrowband patch antenna is symmetrical to the broadband The tapered slotline antennas do not overlap each other.

Further, the broadband-narrowband combination antenna of the present invention, the broadband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna includes a symmetrical tapered slot line unit, a tapered structure symmetrical oscillator unit, and a microstrip feeder, wherein the symmetrical tapered slot line unit and the tapered structure symmetrical oscillator unit are connected to each other It is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate, and the microstrip feeder is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate. 

Further, the broadband-narrowband combination antenna of the present invention, the narrowband patch antenna includes a metal patch, a metal reflector and an interpolated microstrip feeder, wherein the metal patch and the interpolated microstrip feeder are connected to each other and arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate. On one side, the metal reflector is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate.

Furthermore, in the broadband-narrowband combination antenna of the present invention, the symmetrical tapered slot line unit and the tapered structure symmetrical dipole unit adopt linear tapering, exponential tapering or other arbitrary shape tapering.

Furthermore, in the broadband-narrowband combined antenna of the present invention, the shape of the metal patch is rectangular, circular or elliptical.

Furthermore, in the broadband-narrowband combined antenna of the present invention, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is in the range of 2-20.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme:

1. The present invention utilizes the characteristic that the field structure of the symmetrical tapered slot line antenna and the field structure of the narrowband patch antenna are orthogonal to each other to effectively improve the isolation between the wideband antenna and the narrowband antenna in a limited space.

2. The combined antenna of the present invention directly uses the microstrip line for feeding, and can be directly integrated with other planar microwave circuits.

3. The antenna structure and manufacturing process of the present invention are very simple, with high unit isolation, small volume, simple symmetrical structure and extremely low cross-sectional size, which can effectively realize the integration with the front-end radio frequency circuit, and can effectively suppress different Crosstalk between antenna elements.

Description of drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the antenna structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of antenna return loss characteristics calculated by using IE3D software.

Figure 4 is the antenna pattern and antenna gain curve calculated by IE3D software.

Labels in the figure: 1-dielectric substrate, 2-symmetric gradient slot line unit, 3-gradient structure symmetrical oscillator unit, 4-microstrip feeder, 5-broadband symmetrical gradient slot line antenna, 6-metal patch, 7-metal reflection Board, 8-interpolated microstrip feeder, 9-narrowband patch antenna.

Specific implementation plan:

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the implementation of technical scheme is described in further detail:

With reference to accompanying drawing 1, the structure of the combination antenna of the present invention is: combination antenna comprises the wideband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna 5, the narrow band patch antenna 9 that are made on the dielectric substrate 1; The line unit 2, the tapered structure symmetrical oscillator unit 3 and the microstrip feeder 4 are composed; the narrowband patch antenna 9 is composed of a metal patch 6, a metal reflector 7 and an interpolated microstrip feeder 8.

In the wideband-narrowband combination antenna of the present invention, the metal patch 6 can be in the shape of rectangle, circle, ellipse, etc., and the symmetrical tapered slot line unit 2 and the tapered structure symmetrical vibrator unit 3 can adopt other arbitrary shapes such as linear gradient or exponential gradient. Gradient method.

Contrasting with accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 2 is the plan view in accompanying drawing 1, wherein broadband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna 5, narrowband patch antenna 9 are arranged on the dielectric substrate 1 respectively, narrowband patch antenna 9 and broadband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna 5 do not overlap each other. The symmetrical tapered slot line unit 2 and the symmetrical oscillator unit 3 with tapered structure are connected to each other, the metal patch 6 and the interpolated microstrip feeder 8 are connected to each other, and are arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate 1; the metal reflector 7 and the microstrip feeder 4 It is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate 1 . the

The manufacturing method of the broadband-narrowband combined antenna is to design a broadband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna 5 and a narrowband patch antenna 9 on a dielectric substrate 1 by using a printed circuit board process or an integrated circuit process. Through the above means, the isolation between the broadband antenna and the narrowband antenna in a limited space is improved, and the spectrum sensing function and the sending and receiving communication function are realized at the same time.

Comparing with accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 3 shows when the dielectric substrate 1 is selected according to the relative permittivity of 2.2 and the thickness of 1 mm, the return loss characteristic calculated by IE3D software and the isolation characteristic between the antennas, wherein the solid line is the return loss characteristic of the broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna 5, the dotted line is the return loss characteristic of the narrowband patch antenna 9, and the dotted line is the isolation between the two antennas. According to Figure 3, it can be seen that the broadband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna in the broadband-narrowband combination antenna with a symmetrical tapered slot line and a patch combination structure can completely cover the 5.1-12GHz frequency band, including 5.15-12GHz frequency bands for wireless local area networks (WLAN). 5.35GHz, wireless LAN and radio frequency identification 5.725-5.825GHz and ultra-wideband wireless communication (European standard 6-8.5GHz) working frequency band; the narrowband patch antenna can completely cover the radio frequency identification 5.725-5.825GHz frequency band; Within the frequency band, the isolation between the narrowband antenna and the wideband antenna is greater than 25dB.

Comparing with the coordinate system in attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 4, attached drawings 4(a)-(b) show the direction of the wideband antenna and the narrowband antenna at 5.75GHz (wireless local area network and radio frequency identification frequency band) in the zy-plane respectively picture. The solid line in the figure is the main polarization component, and the dotted line is the cross polarization component. It can be seen that on the 5.75GHz frequency band, the pattern of the narrowband antenna used to realize the system's transceiver function presents an approximate directional radiation characteristic, and has a higher radiation level in the +z direction. This directional characteristic of operation is advantageous for handheld applications: if the antenna is mounted so that the human body or other circuitry is in the -z direction where the radiation is relatively small, the antenna's effect on the human body or other circuitry may be reduced.

The wideband-narrowband combination antenna with a symmetrical tapered slot line and patch structure has a high isolation (greater than 25dB) between the narrowband antenna and the broadband antenna, and also has the characteristics of simple structure, light weight, easy manufacture, and low cost. The invention solves the problem of the coexistence of narrowband and wideband antenna units in a limited space, and can provide technical reserves for realizing the spectrum sensing function in future wireless communication systems. Therefore, the present invention has broad application prospects in wireless sensor networks and "Internet of Things".

Claims (4)

1. A broadband-narrowband combination antenna, characterized in that it includes a dielectric substrate (1), a broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna (5), and a narrowband patch antenna (9); wherein the broadband symmetrical tapered slot antenna (5), The narrowband patch antennas (9) are respectively arranged on the dielectric substrate (1), the narrowband patch antennas (9) and the broadband symmetrical tapered slot antennas (5) do not overlap each other, and the broadband symmetrical tapered slot antennas (5) The field structure of and the field structure of the narrowband patch antenna (9) are mutually orthogonal; The broadband symmetrical tapered slot line antenna (5) includes a symmetrical tapered slot line unit (2), a tapered structure symmetrical vibrator unit (3), and a microstrip feeder (4), wherein the symmetrical tapered slot line unit (2) and the tapered structure are symmetrical The vibrator units (3) are connected to each other and arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate (1), and the microstrip feeder (4) is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate (1); The narrowband patch antenna (9) includes a metal patch (6), a metal reflector (7) and an interpolated microstrip feeder (8), wherein the metal patch (6), the interpolated microstrip feeder (8) are mutually The phase connection is arranged on one side of the dielectric substrate (1), and the metal reflector (7) is arranged on the other side of the dielectric substrate (1); The microstrip feeder (4) and the interpolation microstrip feeder (8) are respectively used for power feeding. 2. The broadband-narrowband combined antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the symmetrical tapered slot line unit (2) and the tapered structure symmetrical oscillator unit (3) adopt linear gradient, exponential gradient or other arbitrary shape gradients. 3. The broadband-narrowband combined antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the metal patch (6) is rectangular, circular or elliptical. 4. The broadband-narrowband combined antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate (1) is in the range of 2-20.

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