Background technology
Black shank (Phytophthora parasitica var.nicotianae) claims that again tobacco eqpidemic disease, tobacco grower are called " black bar is crazy ", " black root ", " rhizome of Chinese monkshood is sick ".Multiple with in becoming the strain phase, the generation of minority seedbed phase.Dirty black scab appears in the seedling basal part of stem of catching an illness, and cane is caught an illness, and basal part of stem just is water stain shape blackspot, and plant is wilted deadly when serious, is one of the severe diseases that causes harm on growing tobacco.Each mainly produces China the cigarette district and all has in various degree and to take place, and wherein Anhui, Shandong, Henan Province are historical grave illness district; Southern cigarette districts such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian take place also quite general, and how to mix generation with tobacco bacterial wilt, so harm is even more serious.Produce at present and go up through adopting measures such as disease-resistant variety, cultural control to delay and reduced the harm of black shank; But because scarcity, the resistance of disease-resistant variety are lost easily and the zoospore formation speed of this disease pathogen bacterium is fast, quantity is many; Infect short, rapid onset of incubation period after the cigarette strain, can take place repeatedly to infect again a season of growth, simultaneously because some local continuous cropping vega enlarged areas; The continuous cropping time limit prolongs or changes the winter cigarette is reasons such as spring cigarette, and this disease causes harm has the gesture of obvious rising.According to investigations, the economic loss that China causes because of black shank every year on average reaches more than 100,000,000 yuan, is only second to tobacco virus.Therefore, control its expansion quickly and efficiently and spread, chemical control remains now and even compares the effectively preventing means in one period from now on.
The medicament commonly used of control black shank mainly contains metalaxyl series, aliette and aliette MnZn, fenaminosulf, Wakil MnZn, zineb, tmtd, mancozeb etc.Mostly these chemical agents are that phenylamide and aliette are equal to several kinds of systemic fungicides a kind of or that mechanism of action is identical; Be easy to produce drug resistance, thereby cause that drug effect descends, suppress beneficial microbe growth in the soil simultaneously; Contaminated environment increases production cost.Thus, agricultural chemicals use and degree of dependence demonstrate the vicious circle state.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting, can effectively prevent and treat black shank, can effectively promote tobacco growing simultaneously; A further object of the invention provides a kind of growth promotion and prevents and treats the preparation method of the bactericide of black shank; A further object of the invention provides said bactericide and prevents and treats black shank at the same time and promote the application on the tobacco growing.
Technical scheme: for a kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting, be to realize above-mentioned purpose, bactericide of the present invention comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 0.1~10%; Emulsifier 10~25%; Azone 0.1~10%, alcohol 20~50%, all the other are water.
For ensure the continuing of tobacco, stable, develop in a healthy way, produce nuisanceless tobacco leaf, efficient, low toxicity, low-residual will become the leading kind of black shank control with the good bactericide of Environmental compatibility.The present invention is main active with the cinnamic acid, and black shank is had good fungistatic effect, because it be native compound, the g and D of crop all is safe from harm efficiently noresidue, no pesticide resistance.Azone has another name called 1-dodecyl-aza-cycloheptane alkane-2-ketone, is the good penetration agent, can promote the infiltration of medicament to plant and pathogene, improves the effect of active component.This bactericide is an emulsion dosage form, is solvent with alcohol.
As prioritization scheme of the present invention, the said bactericide that promotes plant growth comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 1%, and emulsifier 20%, azone 2%, alcohol 40%, all the other are water.
For a kind of preparation method who promotes the bactericide of plant growth, mix the formation solution A first cinnamic acid is added in a part of alcohol, again emulsifier and azone formed solution B with all the other alcohol dissolvings, then A and B mixed, and adds the water constant volume.Because cinnamic acid and azone all are dissolved in alcohol, therefore adopt alcohol as solvent.
Beneficial effect: a kind of its effective component of black shank bactericide of growing that promotes of the present invention derives from the natural plant extracts cinnamic acid; Have simultaneously promote crop growth, increasing both production and income, improve quality, improve plant recovery of nutrient, pest control, multi-efficiency such as pollution-free, be applicable to nuisanceless, green and organic farm products production.The cost of said preparation is not high, and preparation is simple, and easy to use, effect is remarkable, has very wide application prospect.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 1%, and emulsifier 20%, azone 2%, alcohol 40%, all the other are water.Mix the formation solution A first cinnamic acid is added in the alcohol, again emulsifier and azone are formed solution B with the alcohol dissolving, then A and B mixed, and carries out constant volume with pure water at last.
Embodiment 2
A kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 5%, and emulsifier 15%, azone 2%, alcohol 40%, all the other are water.Mix the formation solution A first cinnamic acid is added in the alcohol, again emulsifier and azone are formed solution B with the alcohol dissolving, then A and B mixed, and carries out constant volume with pure water at last.
Embodiment 3
A kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 0.5%, and emulsifier 20%, azone 2%, alcohol 40%, all the other are water.Mix the formation solution A first cinnamic acid is added in the alcohol, again emulsifier and azone are formed solution B with the alcohol dissolving, then A and B mixed, and carries out constant volume with pure water at last.
Embodiment 4
A kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 0.1%, and emulsifier 10%, azone 10%, alcohol 50%, all the other are water.Mix the formation solution A first cinnamic acid is added in the alcohol, again emulsifier and azone are formed solution B with the alcohol dissolving, then A and B mixed, and carries out constant volume with pure water at last.
Embodiment 5
A kind of black shank bactericide of growing of promoting comprises following composition according to percentage by weight: cinnamic acid 10%, and emulsifier 25%, azone 0.1%, alcohol 20%, all the other are water.Mix the formation solution A first cinnamic acid is added in the alcohol, again emulsifier and azone are formed solution B with the alcohol dissolving, then A and B mixed, and carries out constant volume with pure water at last.
Embodiment 6
Bactericide of the present invention has the better prevention effect on black shank, beyond thought facilitation is also played in the growth of crop, obtains beyond thought facilitation effect.Describe in the growth that promotes crop with regard to botanical fungicide of the present invention below.
Formula I: 1/2Hoagland nutrient solution.
Formula I I: like embodiment 1 described bactericide based on cinnamic acid.
Get tobacco seed, with the H of 0.3% (w/w)
2O
2After the sterilization, clean, select homogeneous then, the normal seed of form places the culture dish (diameter 15cm) of shop 3 metafiltration paper to train seedling with distilled water.5d after waiting to emerge chooses the consistent material of growing way it is transferred in the plastic basin alms bowl, behind the seedling age 20d, sprays with containing different disposal liquid respectively, and each handles repetition 3 times.Treatment fluid is every to spray once at a distance from 8d, samples behind the 40d, measures each relevant physiological biochemical indicator of handling (annotate: contrast CK is a clear water), and the result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 different disposal is to the influence of tobacco growing
Can know that by table 1 tobacco is handled back fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and water content in formula I and compares respectively according to having increased by 17.7%, 6.5%, 11.6% and 4.8%; Formula I I handles back fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and water content and compares respectively according to having increased by 39.3%, 13.6%, 22.9% and 9.4%, and effect is compared with simple better with the Hogland nutrient solution.The Hogland nutrient solution is common soilless culture nutrient fluid; Contain required element of comprehensive plant and nutrition, be widely used, can promote the good growth of crop and obtain high yield in the whole world; Bactericide of the present invention is better than using the Hogland nutrient solution to the growth promotion effect of tobacco; Its effect is beyond thought, and the bactericide that the present invention is based on cinnamic acid is a natural bactericidal agent, can be when using this bactericide the field to be carried out the disease control processing; The promotion plant growth is produced for tobacco undoubtedly and management brings huge convenience.
Embodiment 7
Three prescriptions of this experimental scheme, formula I adopts 70% metalaxyl thiram wettable powder; Formula I I adopts 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder; Formula I II embodiment 1 and 50% dimethomorph are composite; Formula I V adopts the bacteriocide formula based on cinnamic acid of embodiment 1.Choose four processing of morbidity field piece design: handle 1: contrast (contrast CK is a clear water); Handle 2: formula I; Handle 3: formula I I, handle 4: formula I II, handle 5: formula I V.Each handles repetition 3 times, and treatment fluid is every to spray once at a distance from 5d, analyzes after company sprays 2 times.With reference to Dou Rui flitch method carry out disease index and control efficiency mensuration (Dou Rui wood .3 plants endogenetic bacterium is to the control efficiency of graw mold of tomato. the Henan agricultural science, 2010,4:77-79.), the result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2 different disposal is to the control efficiency of black shank
Can know that by table 2 on tobacco, formula I is 45.00% to the preventive effect of black shank; Formula I I is 51.52% to the preventive effect of black shank; Formula I II is 70.77% to the preventive effect of black shank; Formula I V is 72.68% to the preventive effect of black shank.Can be known that by contrast bactericide of the present invention significantly is superior to the agricultural chemicals of existing chemical to the black shank control efficiency, and present chemical agriculture chemical compounding uses, control efficiency is good and stable.Bactericide of the present invention is the natural bactericidal agent of plant resource, and stable performance can be used with other chemical agriculture chemical compoundings.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Be noted that for those skilled in the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.