CN102545609A - High-power supply based on multi-phase PWM controller - Google Patents
High-power supply based on multi-phase PWM controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545609A CN102545609A CN2011104608760A CN201110460876A CN102545609A CN 102545609 A CN102545609 A CN 102545609A CN 2011104608760 A CN2011104608760 A CN 2011104608760A CN 201110460876 A CN201110460876 A CN 201110460876A CN 102545609 A CN102545609 A CN 102545609A
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Abstract
A high-power supply based on a multi-phase PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) controller comprises the multi-phase PWM controller, an input capacitor Cin, a soft-start capacitor C, an output capacitor Cout, resistors R1 to R7, a power tube M1, a power tube M2, an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a diode D1 and a diode D2. The supply provided by the invention is designed on the basis of the multi-phase PWM controller and facilitates implementing a high-power low-voltage DC power supply; the adopted devices are common RC (Resistance-Capacitance) inductive and MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) devices; compared with a power supply module with the same power, the adopted RC inductive devices have small sizes, the demands on both peripheral output capacitors and output inductors are lowered, the power density is increased, heat dissipation is more convenient in comparison with a well packaged power supply module, and the conversion efficiency is high; and power supplies conforming to various different application environments can be constructed through selection of suitable devices, and the comprehensive performance of the power supplies are optimized simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large power supply, be applicable to when navigation neceiver transmits power supply outside power amplifier.
Background technology
A new generation's navigation neceiver is in practical application, and its outside power amplifier need be provided the power supply of high voltage and big electric current.
Existing receiver all adopts the power module of direct encapsulation, generally adopts supporting front end filter and output filter circuit, and it is big to have a volume; Cost is high; The characteristics that conversion efficiency is low, and packaged module to user test with regulate unfavorablely, it is also difficult to use heat radiation.In view of the restriction of receiver system size and overall permanence, directly adopt existing large power, electrically source module to meet the demands, and be installed in that hear rate also is a problem in the product.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems and is: overcomes the deficiency of prior art, a kind of large power supply of utilizing power-supply controller of electric to build is provided, realized the small size of power supply product, and high power density, power source conversion high efficiency and output characteristic of power source are adjustable.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of large power supply based on heterogeneous PWM controller comprises heterogeneous PWM controller, input capacitance Cin, soft start capacitor C, output capacitance Cout, resistance R 1～R7, power tube M1 and power tube M2, inductance L 1 and inductance L 2, diode D1 and diode D2; Wherein, input capacitance Cin is connected between VCC end and the ground of PWM controller input voltage is carried out filtering; One termination external input voltage of inductance L 1; The anode tap of another terminating diode D1 of inductance L 1; The cathode terminal of diode D1 is as the output end vo ut of power supply; One termination external input voltage of inductance L 2, the anode tap of another terminating diode D2 of inductance L 2, the output end vo ut of the negative electrode termination power of diode D2; Resistance R 1 is parallelly connected with input capacitance Cin with resistance R 2 formation bleeder circuits, the Enable Pin RUN of the public termination PWM controller of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2; Capacitor C is connected between the soft start end SS and ground of PWM controller; Resistance R 3 is connected between the switching frequency adjustable side Rset and ground of PWM controller; The first gate terminals GATE1 of the grid termination PWM controller of power tube M1; The drain electrode end of power tube M1 connects first a sampling end SENSE1 of PWM controller and an end of resistance R 4 simultaneously; The other end ground connection of resistance R 4, the anode tap of the source electrode terminating diode D1 of power tube M1; The second gate terminals GATE2 of the grid termination PWM controller of power tube M2; The drain electrode end of power tube M2 connects second a sampling end SENSE2 of PWM controller and an end of resistance R 5 simultaneously; The other end ground connection of resistance R 5, the anode tap of the source electrode terminating diode D2 of power tube M2; Resistance R 6 is parallelly connected with output capacitance Cout with resistance R 7 formation bleeder circuits, the pressure feedback port FB control output voltage of the public termination PWM controller of resistance R 6 and resistance R 7; Output capacitance Cout is connected between the output end vo ut and ground of power supply.
The present invention's advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) power supply of the present invention designs based on heterogeneous PWM controller, is convenient to realize powerful low-voltage dc power supply, can reduce the peak-to-peak value of output capacitance ripple current greatly because increase the number of phases, thereby reduce the wastage, and improves the operating efficiency of power supply;
(2) device of power supply employing of the present invention is common capacitance-resistance sense and MOSFET device; Compare with the power module of equal-wattage; The capacitance-resistance sensor spare volume that it adopts is little, has reduced the requirement to peripheral output capacitance and outputting inductance, has increased power density; And be convenient to heat radiation more with respect to packaged power module, conversion efficiency is high;
(3) power supply of the present invention comprises voltage feedback loop and current feedback loop, owing to introduced current feedback, output voltage is had the feed-forward regulation effect, has improved the dynamic response of power supply; And the variation of the direct tracking error voltage of inductive current, output voltage just can be controlled easily.In addition, current inner loop also makes switching power converters be easy to realize parallel running, thereby is beneficial to the modular design that realizes converter, and heterogeneous increase effectively reduces the ripple peak value of output current;
(4) power supply of the present invention directly uses the PWM controller to get final product the flexible power supply; Possesses good startability; The power supply output ripple is low, can build the power supply that meets various different application environment through selecting suitable device, realizes that simultaneously the power supply combination property is optimum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a controller basic principle block diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the desirable control of boosting;
Fig. 4 is a desirable metal-oxide-semiconductor equivalent circuit diagram when opening;
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 5 closes for desirable metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts Linear LTxxxx control chip to build large power supply.This power supply is the center with two synchronised PWM controllers, and energy storage components and parts inductance, electric capacity and power MOSFET are built in the outside, realizes that the switching frequency user is adjustable; High energy is programmed into 500KHz; Be a kind of soft start function that possesses, have overcurrent protection, under-voltage latch functions; Long-distance Control can be realized,, 200W high-power booster power flat can be realized up to the profile of 98% conversion efficiency.
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the schematic diagram of power supply of the present invention, this power supply mainly is made up of PWM controller, energy storage device (inductance L and capacitor C) and power MOSFET.When the PWM controller when outside input is arranged; The release in case the RUN terminal protecting circuit is excited; Normal soft start sequential begins action, and is inner through a clamp transistor at the PWM controller, and soft start capacitor is connected to the output of error amplifier with the restriction overshoot; Simultaneously in soft start state, the output of the error amplifier rising of starting from scratch.In case the electric capacity voltage reaches set point, this clamper no longer works.The clamping of error amplifier can limit maximum duty cycle, thereby can limit the start-up course of increase, rise of output voltage rate and the system of inductive current.
Shown in Figure 2 is the control principle figure of PWM controller; This controller comprises internal error comparator gm and PWM comparator and logic control circuit and bistable multivibrator and controls the PWM switching frequency; Two high-speed door drivers drive high-power N-channel MOS FET, and its regulatory function is made up of current feedback loop and voltage feedback loop two parts.When output voltage obtains feedback voltage U after sampling
fTo the backward end of error amplifier, reference voltage U
REFBe added to error amplifier and hold in the same way, constitute conventional Voltage Feedback, i.e. outer voltage; The electric current of metal-oxide-semiconductor constitutes current inner loop by end in the same way and backward end that the output Ue that detects and convert into voltage signal Us and error amplifier on the Sense resistance is added to the PWM comparator respectively.PWM output is added to the input R of trigger, under the frequency of oscillation of internal oscillator, constantly exports high-low level, thereby controls the break-make of outside metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Like Fig. 3～shown in Figure 5, when metal-oxide-semiconductor was opened, desirable metal-oxide-semiconductor equivalence was a resistance, and inductance is in charging, and electric current is increasing on the inductance, and diode D instead ends partially, and the rear end load provides electric energy by the electric charge that output capacitance stores.When metal-oxide-semiconductor is closed, desirable metal-oxide-semiconductor equivalence is an electric capacity, and inductance is in discharge, and electric current is reducing on the inductance, and energy stored is exported to load and output capacitance in the inductance.Therefore, when metal-oxide-semiconductor carried out Push And Release according to fixed frequency, circuit switched in above two states circulation; Inductance is is constantly discharging and recharging, with energy from the power input conveyance to the output loading end, when circuit reaches stable state; Discharge and recharge balance, each cycle repeats fully.
Power supply of the present invention can be realized the over-and under-voltage protection through the RUN end that enables of control PWM controller, can also realize Long-distance Control; Adjusting soft start end capacitor C can be controlled and power up start-up time, and multiple voltage powers up sequential; Regulate the Rset terminating resistor and can regulate the switching frequency of PWM; Regulation voltage feedback FB end divider resistance can change output voltage, regulates drain electrode sampling resistor (resistance R 4 and resistance R 5) the output current size can be set; Can also regulate duty ratio and through regulating that slope compensation compensates because the unstable problem of the output that subharmonic oscillation causes etc., thereby effectively the Control current loop reaches power supply characteristic that needs or the like.
In the design of Switching Power Supply; Device property has significant variation in big electric current and high-frequency, therefore when choosing, will consider many factors, for example the kind of electric capacity and equivalent resistance ESR thereof; The kind of resistance and equivalent inductance value ESL thereof, even some ghost effects or the like.The selection of key components in the present invention have following some:
1. input capacitance C
In
The input of power supply needs good decoupling, and therefore input needs the ceramic condenser of 2 10uf.In addition, the place of next-door neighbour's controller also needs the low capacity ceramic condenser to carry out filtering, and the latter forms small-sized RC filter with small resistor.
2. output capacitance C
Out
Output capacitance is an energy storage device, generally selects jumbo tantalum electric capacity or electrochemical capacitor for use.At first, electric capacity need satisfy the selection principle of appearance value and withstand voltage, and notes the stability of appearance value; Secondly; Its output current ripple is the pulsation square wave in the booster type circuit, so to the selection of output capacitance, the very important point is exactly to want size that correct measurement goes out the output capacitance rated ripple current to deal with the situation of large ripple current; Also to consider the ESR value of electric capacity; The ripple current ESR that flows through produces heat and causes that the electric capacity internal temperature raises, and is enough to make its inefficacy under time effect.The tantalum electric capacity of selecting 2 200uF during actual the use is as energy-storage travelling wave tube.If known required output ripple voltage standard, Δ VOUT (representing with root-mean-square value) and the root mean square ripple current Δ IOUT that calculates then can estimate the output capacitance value according to inequality ESR≤Δ VOUT/ Δ IOUT simply.
3. power MOSFET tube (M1 and M2)
That when selecting, will consider metal-oxide-semiconductor blocks parameters such as voltage, threshold voltage, internal resistance, maximum leakage current and thermal resistance, safety operation area, chooses the SI7852 chip of VISHAY company during actual the use.
The sampling (Sensor) resistance (R4 and R5)
PWM controller current control mode of the present invention is through taking sampling (Sensor) ohmically pressure drop and internal comparator to compare; Its maximum inner setting is 60mV; Thereby circuit is carried out overcurrent protection, so the maximum current limit of power inductance is at 60mV/R
Sensor, therefore, the Sensor resistance R should satisfy:
Wherein, R is the resistance of sample resistance, V
SENSE (MAX)Be the maximum pressure drop on the sample resistance, D
MAXBe the maximum duty cycle of metal-oxide-semiconductor switch, I
O (MAX)It is the maximum output current value.
Need the ESL of sample resistance as far as possible little in the actual design, and adopt four end Kelvin voltage sample modes to obtain sample resistance, such voltage detecting precision is higher.
5. power inductance L
Power inductance is exactly the carrier of energy in circuit in fact conversion when carrying the metal-oxide-semiconductor switch, consider saturation current and internal resistance when choosing, and preferably selects the shielding inductance for use.Can select the DO5010P-103HC inductance of coilcraft company during actual the use for use, have highly low, advantage such as internal resistance is little.
6. diode (D1 and D2)
Select the low pressure drop Schottky diode can reduce conduction loss, but notice that its reverse leakage current can not be too big.Select the 30BQ060 of IR company among the present invention.
7. soft start capacitor C
If soft start end external capacitor can carry out SECO to powering up thereby calculate its time of discharging and recharging, utilize formula t=C*2.44/10uA to calculate start-up time, wherein t is the start-up time of power supply, C is a soft start termination capacitor value.
On the layout fabric swatch, follow following principle: Switching Power Supply wiring key is will distinguish one from the other big current circuit and little current circuit, and output capacitance and diode are in big current path, should be as far as possible near controller wiring, to reduce the cabling inductance; Input and output separate cabling, avoid intersecting; The switching node place reduces the cabling area as far as possible, avoids forming antenna effect; The feedback cabling plays a part very crucial to output, should lack as far as possible, and away from noise and interference source, especially away from inductance; Two phase cablings are consistent to guarantee that two is balanced mutually simultaneously.In addition,, guarantee that loop area is minimum at next-door neighbour's high-current device one deck ground level of giving a definition, simultaneously, design hot hole network below controller, hot hole size internal diameter 0.3mm, spacing 1～1.2mm.
The content of not doing to describe in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (1)
1. large power supply based on heterogeneous PWM controller; Comprise heterogeneous PWM controller, it is characterized in that also comprising: input capacitance Cin, soft start capacitor C, output capacitance Cout, resistance R 1～R7, power tube M1 and power tube M2, inductance L 1 and inductance L 2, diode D1 and diode D2; Wherein, input capacitance Cin is connected between VCC end and the ground of PWM controller input voltage is carried out filtering; One termination external input voltage of inductance L 1; The anode tap of another terminating diode D1 of inductance L 1; The cathode terminal of diode D1 is as the output end vo ut of power supply; One termination external input voltage of inductance L 2, the anode tap of another terminating diode D2 of inductance L 2, the output end vo ut of the negative electrode termination power of diode D2; Resistance R 1 is parallelly connected with input capacitance Cin with resistance R 2 formation bleeder circuits, the Enable Pin RUN of the public termination PWM controller of resistance R 1 and resistance R 2; Capacitor C is connected between the soft start end SS and ground of PWM controller; Resistance R 3 is connected between the switching frequency adjustable side Rset and ground of PWM controller; The first gate terminals GATE1 of the grid termination PWM controller of power tube M1; The drain electrode end of power tube M1 connects first a sampling end SENSE1 of PWM controller and an end of resistance R 4 simultaneously; The other end ground connection of resistance R 4, the anode tap of the source electrode terminating diode D1 of power tube M1; The second gate terminals GATE2 of the grid termination PWM controller of power tube M2; The drain electrode end of power tube M2 connects second a sampling end SENSE2 of PWM controller and an end of resistance R 5 simultaneously; The other end ground connection of resistance R 5, the anode tap of the source electrode terminating diode D2 of power tube M2; Resistance R 6 is parallelly connected with output capacitance Cout with resistance R 7 formation bleeder circuits, the pressure feedback port FB control output voltage of the public termination PWM controller of resistance R 6 and resistance R 7; Output capacitance Cout is connected between the output end vo ut and ground of power supply.
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| CN2011104608760A CN102545609A (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | High-power supply based on multi-phase PWM controller |
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| CN2011104608760A CN102545609A (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | High-power supply based on multi-phase PWM controller |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107196521A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 上海仁机仪器仪表有限公司 | The low-power dissipation high pressure power module of Geiger Miller detector |
| CN108667292A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 重庆斯微奇电子技术有限公司 | A kind of input voltage feed forward voltage type PWM control circuit |
| CN110736862A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-31 | 上海御渡半导体科技有限公司 | voltage clamping protection structure based on switch mode |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6144194A (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2000-11-07 | Linear Technology Corp. | Polyphase synchronous switching voltage regulators |
| US6611131B2 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2003-08-26 | Linear Technology Corp. | Cancellation of slope compensation effect on current limit |
-
2011
- 2011-12-29 CN CN2011104608760A patent/CN102545609A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6144194A (en) * | 1998-07-13 | 2000-11-07 | Linear Technology Corp. | Polyphase synchronous switching voltage regulators |
| US6611131B2 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2003-08-26 | Linear Technology Corp. | Cancellation of slope compensation effect on current limit |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION: "Multi-Phase Current Mode Step-Up DC/DC Controller", 《WWW.LINEAR.COM》 * |
| 李迎春等: "高性能开关电源设计", 《西安通信学院学报》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107196521A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-22 | 上海仁机仪器仪表有限公司 | The low-power dissipation high pressure power module of Geiger Miller detector |
| CN108667292A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-16 | 重庆斯微奇电子技术有限公司 | A kind of input voltage feed forward voltage type PWM control circuit |
| CN108667292B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2022-02-15 | 重庆斯微奇电子技术有限公司 | Input voltage feedforward voltage type PWM control circuit |
| CN110736862A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-01-31 | 上海御渡半导体科技有限公司 | voltage clamping protection structure based on switch mode |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |