CN102621886B - Method for controlling energy equipment according to regional population distribution in building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling energy equipment according to the distribution of people in a building area, and belongs to the technical field of building energy saving and fire evacuation. In the method of the invention, a personnel entry and exit detection device, a human body detection device and an area controller are used. On the one hand, the method of the present invention uses the human body detection device in the area to detect no one in the area, and resets the number of people in the area to zero; The detection device detects the time of personnel entering and leaving the area, and compares it with the characteristics of the personnel's stay in the area to realize the correction of the deviation of the number of people in the area. The distribution of the number of people in the area of the building obtained by this method directly controls the electrical equipment and fire evacuation equipment in the area through the controller, which improves the effect of building energy saving and the evacuation efficiency when an emergency occurs, and ensures the safety of the building. Personnel safety.

Description

Method for controlling energy equipment according to the distribution of people in the building area

technical field

The invention relates to a method for controlling energy equipment according to the distribution of people in a building area, and belongs to the technical field of building energy saving and fire evacuation.

Background technique

With the continuous development of intelligent buildings, building energy conservation and fire safety have become an important aspect that cannot be ignored in the process of building development. Traditional building energy saving and fire evacuation are based on the initial design of the building. There are many unreasonable and disadvantages in the later operation of the building. For example, the traditional fire evacuation system is a static system, which cannot perceive the distribution of people in the building in real time. When a disaster occurs, the people in the building cannot be evacuated effectively and dynamically. It may be that there are too many people in some areas, leading to congestion and causing some unnecessary losses. Therefore, the building energy saving and fire evacuation system based on the distribution of people in the building area must have higher efficiency and significance.

However, there is no effective technology and method for estimating the number of people in the area of the current building. At present, the technologies and methods used in positioning in buildings mainly include radio frequency wireless technology, video statistics, infrared perception, etc. However, there are many problems in these systems:

Positioning systems based on radio frequency signals, such as access control systems, require people to wear positioning tags, such as passive radio frequency cards, which need to enter the door to swipe cards, etc., causing some inconvenience to people's normal behavior; positioning systems based on radio frequency wireless signal strength (RSSI) also need People are equipped with positioning tags, although they do not need to enter the door to swipe their cards, but due to the multipath effect of wireless signals in the building, the positioning accuracy is not high; on the one hand, the video positioning system based on the camera is difficult to process the video, and the number of people is estimated incorrectly. Big problems, on the other hand, will expose people's privacy, making people reluctant to accept such a system. The application date is 2011.04.22, the invention patent with the publication number CN102184409A "Passenger Flow Statistics Method and System Based on Machine Vision"; "; application date is 2011.03.03, publication number is CN202013603U utility model patent "a kind of passenger flow information statistics equipment" and other patent systems are all of this kind of system, all of which fail to solve the above problems well.

The application date is 2011.01.18, the publication number is CN201946030U utility model patent "Intelligent Number Detection Device", the application date is 2009.08.27, the publication number is CN201689298U utility model patent "an intelligent energy-saving and people counting equipment" and other patents A method of detecting people's entry and exit based on an infrared radiation device is proposed, which solves the problems of inconveniencing people's normal behavior and violating privacy to a certain extent. However, this type of system has another important problem. The system positioning cannot be guaranteed to be 100% accurate, and it is susceptible to interference. Once the system deviates, it will exist for a long time. The number of people counted by it loses its meaning, and thus also loses its guiding significance for building energy conservation and fire evacuation.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for controlling energy equipment according to the distribution of people in the building area, to improve the existing counting method of people in the building, and to understand the distribution of people in the building area more accurately, so that according to the distribution of people , to regulate building equipment, save energy and improve safety.

The method for controlling the energy equipment according to the distribution of the number of people in the area of the building proposed by the present invention includes the following steps:

(1) Divide the interior of the building into multiple areas, and set up an area controller in each area. When initializing, the number of people in the building area is set to N=0, and the number of corrections to reduce the number of people is set to m ₁ =0, increasing Number of people to be corrected is m ₂ =0;

(2) Install a personnel entry and exit detection device at the entrance and exit of each area. The personnel entry and exit detection device detects the number of personnel entering and the time of entry as well as the number of personnel leaving and the time of departure in the area, and calculates the number of personnel entering, the time of entry and the number of personnel leaving. and departure time are sent to the regional controller in the region in real time;

(3) A human body detection sensor is installed in each area, and the human body detection sensor detects whether there is someone or no one in the area, and sends the detection result to the area controller in the area;

(4) The area controller updates the number of people in this area N based on the number of people N in the area at the previous moment and the number of people entering and leaving the area received at the current moment in the area, and at the same time judges whether there are people or no people in the area. , if there is no one in this area, the number N of this area is 0, if there are people in this area, the number of people in this area remains unchanged;

(5) The area controller obtains the number of people in the adjacent area of the same building through the network. If the number of people in the adjacent area is zero, subtract the number of people entering the area detected by the entrance and exit detection device from the number N of the area. , and update the number of people in this area. If the number of people in the adjacent area is not zero, the number of people in this area remains unchanged;

(6) The area controller calculates the time interval t between the previous time of personnel entry and exit and the current moment according to the personnel entry and exit time received from the personnel entry and exit detection device;

(7) set a counting variable c, there is personnel to leave at present moment in the area, note c=1; There is no personnel to leave at present moment in the area, c is then updated by step (8);

则使c＝c+1，且上述增大人数修正次数m₂＝m₂+1，其中N为当前时刻本区域内人数；(8) Set the residence time threshold of personnel in the area as S, T ₁ ≤ S ≤ T ₂ , the area controller will compare the above time interval t with the residence time thresholds T ₁ and T ₂ respectively, if t<T ₁ , then The number of correction times for reducing the number of people mentioned above m ₁ =m ₁ +1, if

Then let c=c+1, and the above-mentioned number of corrections for increasing the number of people m ₂ =m ₂ +1, where N is the number of people in the area at the current moment;

(9) Set the threshold M ₁ of the number of corrections for reducing the number of people, M ₁ ≥ 1, and the threshold of the number of corrections for increasing the number of people M ₂ , M ₂ ≥ 1, and compare the number of corrections with the threshold of the number of corrections, if m ₁ ≥ M ₁ , then make the number of people in this area at the current moment N=N-1, and reduce the number of people correction times m ₁ =0, if m ₂ ≥ M ₂ , make the number of people in this area at the current moment N=N+1, and increase Large number of correction times m ₂ =0;

(10) Repeat steps (2)-(9) to obtain the number of people in the area at the next moment;

(11) Steps (1)-(10) are respectively performed for each area of the building to obtain the distribution of the number of people in each area of the building;

(12) The regional controllers in each area of the building regulate and control the energy equipment in the building according to the distribution of the number of people in each area of the building.

The method proposed by the present invention to control energy equipment according to the distribution of the number of people in the building has the following advantages:

1. The method of the present invention makes full use of technologies such as modern sensing, communication, computing and distributed computing to monitor the number of people in the area in real time, and at the same time, according to the functional characteristics of the area (such as toilets, corridors, offices, conference rooms, etc.), the time for people to stay By making estimates, the correction of statistical deviations is realized, and a more accurate distribution of the number of people in the building area is realized. At the same time, the method does not expose the personal privacy of personnel and is convenient for practical application.

2. The distribution of the number of people in the building area obtained by this method can directly control the electrical equipment and fire evacuation equipment in the area through the controller, which improves the effect of building energy saving and evacuation efficiency when emergencies occur, and ensures that the building Safety of people inside. For example, in order to save energy, when the number of people in the area is zero, turn off non-essential electrical equipment in the area, such as lights, air conditioners, etc.; during fire evacuation, if the number of people in the area is not zero, control the evacuation indicator light to guide people out of the dangerous area or Guide the rescuers to the rescue.

3. The distribution of the number of people in the building area obtained by this method also plays an important role in the management of the building industry. The system can be directly combined with the property management system to display the distribution of the number of people in the building in real time, which improves the efficiency and level of property management.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a building structure utilizing the method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The method for controlling energy equipment according to the distribution of the number of people in the building proposed by the present invention firstly counts the distribution of people in the building. The structure of the building is shown in Figure 1. The specific method includes the following steps:

(1) Divide the interior of the building into multiple areas, and set up an area controller in each area. When initializing, the number of people in the building area is set to N=0, and the number of corrections to reduce the number of people is set to m ₁ =0, increasing Number of people to be corrected is m ₂ =0;

(2) Install a personnel entry and exit detection device at the entrance and exit of each area. The personnel entry and exit detection device detects the number of personnel entering and the time of entry as well as the number of personnel leaving and the time of departure in the area, and calculates the number of personnel entering, the time of entry and the number of personnel leaving. and departure time are sent to the regional controller in the region in real time;

(3) A human body detection sensor is installed in each area, and the human body detection sensor detects whether there is someone or no one in the area, and sends the detection result to the area controller in the area;

(4) The area controller updates the number of people in this area N based on the number of people N in the area at the previous moment and the number of people entering and leaving the area received at the current moment in the area, and at the same time judges whether there are people or no people in the area. , if there is no one in this area, the number N of this area is 0, if there are people in this area, the number of people in this area remains unchanged;

(5) The area controller obtains the number of people in the adjacent area of the same building through the network. If the number of people in the adjacent area is zero, subtract the number of people entering the area detected by the entrance and exit detection device from the number N of the area. , and update the number of people in this area. If the number of people in the adjacent area is not zero, the number of people in this area remains unchanged;

(6) The area controller calculates the time interval t between the previous time of personnel entry and exit and the current moment according to the personnel entry and exit time received from the personnel entry and exit detection device;

(7) set a counting variable c, there is personnel to leave at present moment in the area, note c=1; There is no personnel to leave at present moment in the area, c is then updated by step (8);

则使c＝c+1，且上述增大人数修正次数m₂＝m₂+1，其中N为当前时刻本区域内人数；(8) Set the residence time threshold of personnel in the area as S, T ₁ ≤ S ≤ T ₂ , the area controller will compare the above time interval t with the residence time thresholds T ₁ and T ₂ respectively, if t<T ₁ , then The number of correction times for reducing the number of people mentioned above m ₁ =m ₁ +1, if

Then let c=c+1, and the above-mentioned number of corrections for increasing the number of people m ₂ =m ₂ +1, where N is the number of people in the area at the current moment;

(9) Set the threshold M 1 of the number of corrections for reducing the number of people, M ₁ ≥ 1, and the threshold of the number of corrections for increasing the number of people M ₂ , M ₂ ≥ 1, and compare the number of corrections with the threshold _of the number of corrections, if m ₁ ≥ M ₁ , the number of people in this area at the current moment is N=N-1, and the number of correction times m ₁ =0 is reduced; if m2≥M ₂ , the number of people in this area at the current moment is N=N+1, and it is increased The number of number of corrections m ₂ =0;

(10) Repeat steps (2)-(9) to obtain the number of people in the area at the next moment;

(11) Steps (1)-(10) are respectively performed for each area of the building to obtain the distribution of the number of people in each area of the building;

(12) The regional controllers in each area of the building regulate and control the energy equipment in the building according to the distribution of the number of people in each area of the building.

After utilizing the method of the present invention to obtain the relatively accurate number of people in all areas of the building, the building equipment in the area is controlled accordingly, such as for energy saving, when the number of people in the area is zero, turn off non-essential electrical equipment in the area, such as lights , air conditioning, etc., which improves the effect of building energy saving; during fire evacuation, if the number of people in the area is not zero, control the evacuation indicator light to guide people to leave the dangerous area or guide rescuers to rescue.

The method for counting the number of people in a building area proposed by the present invention takes into account the large number of building partitions. If all the information is collected for calculation, the communication of network data will be increased, resulting in an increase in communication delay, which in turn will affect the accuracy and accuracy of the estimation of the number of people in the partition. The control effect of the regional controller on the energy equipment, so in the method of the present invention, the detection device and the control equipment of each region are self-contained, and the information exchange between regions is coordinated by the regional controller.

The hardware used in the method of the present invention includes an entry and exit detection device, a human body detection device and an area controller. The entry and exit detection device is used to detect the entry and exit behavior of people; the human body detection device is used to detect whether there are people or no one in the area, and is used to reset the number of people in the unmanned area; the area controller is used to control the energy equipment in the building and control the fire alarm indicator light wait. All hardware can be wired or wireless, depending on the convenience of system installation.

In the method of the present invention, the entrance and exit detection device can be two or more parallel infrared radiation devices or ultrasonic radiation devices or other detection devices that can detect people's entrance and exit and direction. The human body detection device is any sensing device that senses the vital signs of the human body, such as a pyroelectric human body infrared detector. The regional controller can be a controller device with IO output function. The energy equipment controlled by the area controller includes building lighting, electrical equipment, HVAC systems, fire shutter doors, fire alarms and indicator lights, etc.

In the method of the present invention, the number of people in each area of the building is counted on the one hand using the entrance and exit detection device and the human body detection device in the area to count or reset the number of people in the area; At the same time, by using the limited time of people staying in the area, the frequency of people entering and leaving is compared with the theoretical frequency of people entering and leaving under the current count of people, and the counting deviation of the number of people in the area is corrected. Among them, the value range of people’s staying time in the area can be determined according to the functions of each area of the building. For example, the toilet of the building can be set to 1 to 15 minutes, the office can be set to 1 to 4 hours, and the corridor can be set to 10 minutes. Seconds to 10 minutes, etc.

The method of the invention makes full use of technologies such as modern sensing, communication, computing and distributed computing to provide accurate estimation for the distribution of people in the building; the method does not involve personal privacy and is convenient for practical application. The method of the invention directly controls the electrical equipment and the fire-fighting evacuation equipment through the controller, thereby improving the effect of building energy saving and the evacuation efficiency when an emergency occurs, and ensuring the safety of people in the building. In addition, the number of people in the area obtained by the method of the present invention also plays an important role in building property management. The system can be directly combined with the property management system to display the distribution of the number of people in the building in real time, which improves the efficiency and level of property management; The number of people in the area can also be used for fire command or emergency situations to improve the rescue efficiency of the fire department.

Claims (1)

1. the method that distributes energy device is controlled according to buildings inner region number is characterized in that the method comprises following steps:

(1) interior of building is divided into a plurality of zones, at each region division zone controller, when establishing initialization, number is N=0 in construction zone, and establishes that to reduce number correction number of times be m ₁=0, increasing number correction number of times is m ₂=0;

(2) at each regional import and export, personnel are set and pass in and out pick-up unit, personnel pass in and out pick-up unit and detect in the one's respective area personnel and enter number and enter constantly and personnel leave number and departure time, and personnel are entered number and enter constantly and personnel leave and count and the departure time is sent to zone controller in the one's respective area in real time;

(3) in each zone, human body detection sensor is set, human body detection sensor detects people or unmanned in the one's respective area, and testing result is sent to the zone controller of one's respective area;

(4) zone controller is according to the regional number N in a moment on the one's respective area ₀Enter number and leave number with the personnel of current time in the one's respective area that receives, upgrade current time one's respective area number N, there are people or unmanned testing result to judge to the one's respective area simultaneously, if the current time one's respective area is unmanned, number N in current time one's respective area is 0, if there is the people one's respective area, the one's respective area number is constant;

(5) zone controller is by the number of adjacent area in Network Capture same building thing, if the number of adjacent area is zero, the number that enters the one's respective area by this adjacent area that deducts from current time one's respective area number N that the turnover pick-up unit detects, and upgrade current time one's respective area number, if the number of adjacent area is non-vanishing, the number of current time one's respective area is constant;

(6) zone controller passes in and out constantly according to the personnel that pass in and out the pick-up unit reception from personnel, calculates front personnel and passes in and out constantly and the time interval t between current time;

(7) set a counting variable c, in the zone, current time has personnel to leave, note c=1; In the zone, current time does not have personnel to leave, and c upgrades by step (8);

(8) in setting regions, personnel's residence time threshold value is S, T ₁≤ S≤T ₂, zone controller is respectively with above-mentioned time interval t and residence time threshold value T ₁And T ₂Compare, if t＜T ₁, the above-mentioned number correction number of times m that reduces ₁=m ₁+ 1, if

Make c=c+1, and above-mentioned increase number correction number of times m ₂=m ₂+ 1, wherein N is number in the current time one's respective area;

(9) setting reduces number correction frequency threshold value M ₁, M ₁〉=1, and increase number correction frequency threshold value M ₂, M ₂〉=1, will revise respectively number of times and compare with revising frequency threshold value, if m ₁〉=M ₁, make number N=N-1 in the current time one's respective area, and reduce number correction number of times m ₁=0, if m ₂〉=M ₂, make number N=N+1 in the current time one's respective area, and increase number correction number of times m ₂=0;

(10) repeating step (2)-(9) obtain next moment number in the zone;

(11) for buildings regional difference execution in step (1)-(10), obtain each regional number distribution in buildings;

(12) in buildings, each regional zone controller distributes according to each regional number in buildings, and energy device in buildings is regulated control.