Mould and Forging Technology thereof for the automatic cold die forging of armour-piercing steel nail Simulation Based On Multi-step
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device and method of mechanical technical field of forging, specifically a kind of mould and Forging Technology thereof for the automatic cold die forging of armour-piercing steel nail Simulation Based On Multi-step.
Background technology
In machinery manufacturing industry, often need the elongated rod member of die forging, as the stock with flange, have the high strength steel nail of armor-penetrating ability, bar portion is elongated, and even also will there be point one end of bar.Such forging die device must be furnished with after rational distortion work step and elongated push rod can meet finish-forging and ejects forging requirement.Just the condition of production is seen at present, and because distortion step design is unreasonable, the so elongated push rod life-span is extremely short, can not meet the especially mass automatic production demand of producing far away.
Through the retrieval of prior art is found; Chinese patent literature CN101181813A; open day 2007-12-14; recorded a kind of major-minor multi-push injection mold pushing mechanism, this technology discloses: moving platen is provided with gusset, and gusset parallels with moving platen main body; liftout plate is between gusset and moving platen main body; gripper shoe is through liftout plate, two ends respectively with gusset and moving platen main body Joint, ejection cylinder comprises main ejection cylinder and auxiliary ejection oil cylinder.But this technology is only the ejecting mechanism of injection mould, not penetrate the cold die forging method of the armour-piercing steel nail of the hard objects such as steel plate, concrete.The ejecting force of moulding is more much smaller and much easier than steel cold forging part, and the push rod of Ejection Mechanism of Injection Mould can not eject use as armour-piercing steel nail cold-forging die.
Chinese patent literature CN202037289U, open day 2011-11-16, recorded a kind of cold-forging die of U iron, this technology comprises drift, die, punch push rod, ejector and backing plate, described punch push rod matched in clearance is connected and fixed in die and with backing plate, described drift, die, punch push rod and ejector constitute punching press die cavity, it is characterized in that: between described die and backing plate, be provided with elasticity ejector apparatus, described die and backing plate are moving to be connected; Described ejector is moving to be engaged in the gap between die and punch push rod.But this technology is only common cold stamp forging mould structure, be a simple cold die forging of single mode thorax, armour-piercing steel nail is only used the die forging of single mode thorax, can not complete the cold deformation of high strength alloy steel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of mould and Forging Technology thereof for the automatic cold die forging of armour-piercing steel nail Simulation Based On Multi-step is provided, the slender rod piece pointed portion mechanical property that forging obtains is good, and the knock-pin life-span of mould is long, meet the cold die forging needs of Simulation Based On Multi-step that automation size is produced.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of mould for the automatic cold die forging of armour-piercing steel nail Simulation Based On Multi-step, comprise: the coaxial die arranging, punch and with the piston ejecting mechanism of lock chamber, bolster and ejection piece, wherein: the die of material built-in to be forged slides and is arranged in piston ejecting mechanism and the end of die is connected with piston ejecting mechanism; Bolster and ejection piece slide successively and are arranged at lock chamber inside.
The two ends of described bolster are connected with the end of lock chamber and the end of die respectively.
Described ejection piece passes successively lock chamber and bolster and contacts with the material to be forged in being arranged at die.
The inner surface two ends of described lock chamber are respectively equipped with first step and opening, and described die and bolster slide successively, and to be arranged at lock chamber inner and by first step, realized spacingly, and described ejection piece passes lock chamber by opening.
The interior front of described lock chamber is fixed with the lining that limits die sliding position.
Described ejection piece is secondary stretching structure, comprising: coaxial post rod mechanism and the transfer bar mechanism arranging, wherein: post rod mechanism is movably set in bolster and die, and transfer bar mechanism is movably set in bolster and lock chamber.
Described post rod mechanism comprises first body of rod and jacking block, wherein: the first body of rod external diameter and die internal diameter match and slide and be arranged at die inside, and jacking block is connected and is positioned at die outside with the first body of rod end.
Described bolster comprises elastic parts and end bearing, wherein: elastic parts is realized by pre-compressed spring or hydraulic pressure or air pressure.
Described transfer bar mechanism comprises second body of rod and pushing block, and wherein: the second body of rod external diameter matches with the internal diameter of end bearing and two ends are connected with pushing block with jacking block respectively, pushing block drives and realizes stretching motion between end bearing and lock chamber and by lathe.
Described end bearing is that mortar profile shaft holds, and the middle part of end bearing is provided with second step, and described jacking block is realized spacing and jacking block by second step and contacted at second step place with second body of rod.
In described punch, be provided with work die cavity, this work type cavity configuration is inner cone.
The cone angle of the inner cone of described work die cavity is 50 °-10 °, is preferably 45 °-15 °.
The present invention relates to above-mentioned steel nail die forging method, comprise the following steps:
The first step, material to be forged is arranged in the die of above-mentioned mould, the cone angle that uses work die cavity is the punch of 45 °, by punch and die matched moulds, makes die forced-slip until the extreme position of elastic parts, material stress deformation to be forged;
The cone angle of second step, use work die cavity is the punch of 30 °; The pointed nose length of material to be forged is 1.175d, and wherein, the cylindrical section cross-sectional diameter that d is material to be forged, by punch and die matched moulds, makes die forced-slip until the extreme position of elastic parts carries out the second work step cold forging;
The cone angle of the 3rd step, use work die cavity is the punch of 15 °; The pointed nose length of material to be forged is 1.81d, and wherein, the cylindrical section cross-sectional diameter that d is material to be forged, by punch and die matched moulds, makes die forced-slip until the extreme position of elastic parts carries out the 3rd work step cold forging.
The present invention relates to the high strength armour-piercing steel nail that said method manufacture obtains, the cylindrical section length of steel nail and the ratio of cylindrical section cross-sectional diameter are 4.3, and the top of steel nail is
bulb, top intensity is 800~1000MPa.
Knock-pin length of the present invention is little, does not feed through to die especially, the life-span of therefore having improved knock-pin in the moment that is shaped.
Because enlarged diameter and the thickness of the block of knock-pin one end also strengthens, thus the bearing capacity of the axial load of knock-pin increased, thus reduce the contact stress of knock-pin end.The block of push rod end overstriking can slide in the groove of end bearing, thereby has reduced push rod length, also can not disturb taking-up forging, so, improved the knock-pin life-span.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is mould structure of the present invention and elongated push rod ejector composition;
In figure: a-die forging starts moment, b-die forging final instants, c-semi-finished product take out moment.
Fig. 2 is high-intensity armour-piercing steel nail cold plasticity shaping work step sketch map in embodiment;
In figure: to be processed of a-inserts in mould, in b-die forging, c-die forging finishes.
The specific embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
The present embodiment forges high strength armour-piercing steel nail, and listed armour-piercing steel nail typical structure feature, has and penetrate various barrier mechanical properties, has design and completes separately cold die forging Simulation Based On Multi-step technical process.One of main technique problem proposing---guarantee strong mechanical performance material forming minimum fault rate, especially a nose part.
The present embodiment steel nail cylindrical section cross-sectional diameter d is
material is 42CrMo annealed state, and cold forging target is: the conical section length of steel nail is 36.6mm, and cone angle is 15 °, and the top of steel nail is diameter
bulb, top intensity reaches 800~1000MPa.
As shown in Figure 1, coaxial die 1, punch 2 and the piston ejecting mechanism 3 arranging of the present embodiment, die 1 slip of material 4 built-in to be forged is arranged in piston ejecting mechanism 3 and end is connected with piston ejecting mechanism 3.
Described piston ejecting mechanism 3 comprises: lock chamber 5 and successively slip are arranged at its inner bolster 6 and ejection piece 7.
The two ends of described bolster 6 are connected with the end of lock chamber 5 and the end of die 1 respectively;
Described ejection piece 7 passes successively lock chamber 5 and bolster 6 and contacts with the material to be forged 4 in being arranged at die 1.
The inner surface two ends of described lock chamber 5 are respectively equipped with first step 8 and opening 9, described die 1 and bolster 6 slide be successively arranged at lock chamber 5 inner and by first step 8, realized spacing, described ejection piece 7 by opening 9 through lock chamber 5.
The interior front of described lock chamber 5 is fixed with the lining 10 that limits die 1 sliding position.
Described ejection piece 7 is secondary stretching structure, comprising: coaxial post rod mechanism 11 and the transfer bar mechanism 12 arranging, wherein: post rod mechanism 11 is movably set in bolster 6 and die 1, and transfer bar mechanism 12 is movably set in bolster 6 and lock chamber 5.
Described post rod mechanism 11 comprises first body of rod 13 and jacking block 14, wherein: the first body of rod 13 external diameters and die 1 internal diameter match and slide and be arranged at die 1 inside, and jacking block 14 is connected and is positioned at die 1 outside with the first body of rod 13 ends.
Described bolster 6 comprises elastic parts 15 and end bearing 16, wherein: elastic parts 15 is realized by pre-compressed spring or hydraulic pressure or air pressure.
Described transfer bar mechanism 12 comprises second body of rod 17 and pushing block 18, wherein: the second body of rod 17 external diameters match with the internal diameter of end bearing 16 and two ends contact with jacking block 14 respectively and are connected with pushing block 18, pushing block 18 is realized stretching motion between end bearing 16 and lock chamber 5 and by lathe drive.
Described end bearing 16 holds for mortar profile shaft, and the middle part of end bearing 16 is provided with second step 19, and described jacking block 14 is realized spacing and jacking block 14 by second step 19 and contacted at second step 19 places with second body of rod 17.
In described punch 2, be provided with work die cavity, this work type cavity configuration is inner cone.
The cone angle of the inner cone of described work die cavity is 50 °-10 °, is preferably 45 °-15 °.
The material to be forged 4 of the present embodiment is annealed and through surface treatment, d=10mm, overall length is 50mm, and material is 42CrMo, is placed between punch 1 and die 2, as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is used vertical mo(u)ldenpress, and press table is divided into and put liftout attachment, when press slide is to descending, forming workblank tip in the work shape chamber of punch 1, comprises step afterwards:
The first step, material 4 to be forged is arranged in the die 1 of above-mentioned mould, the cone angle of use work die cavity is the punch 2 of 45 °, punch 2 and die 1 matched moulds, die 1 forced-slip is until the extreme position of elastic parts 15, distortion only limits to the pointed nose volume of material 4 to be forged, and realizes die forging band cone angle part semi-finished product; These semi-finished product have 45 ° of cone angles, the long 11.75mm of cone, and cylinder segment length is 46.08mm.
The cone angle of second step, use work die cavity is the punch 2 of 30 °; The cone angle of the work die cavity of punch 2 reduces, at the bottom of semi-finished product are treated cone that the work die cavity initial contact link of forging 4 and punch 2 is shaped along the first step, expand to subsequently bar portion peak, and cylinder blank is not out of shape in the first step to volume and pulls by force participation distortion into, after this work step distortion, half-finished pointed nose length is 18.1mm, and cylinder segment length is 43.97mm.
The cone angle of the 3rd step, use work die cavity is the punch 2 of 15 °; After this work step distortion, half-finished pointed nose length is 36.6mm, and cylinder segment length is 37.8mm.
Each work step is shaped and finishes, and the work of press liftout tank promotes second body of rod 17 and drives knock-pin 3 to eject workpiece.
As calculate and experimental studies results pointed, the die forging method proposing with there is same work step cone angle work die cavity die forging punch and compare, improve under mechanical property condition realizing steel nail material, especially in position, bar tip, at utmost use material plasticity deposit, the thermochemical cycles during having reduced the quantity of shaping work step and having abandoned former process forming.
In the whole process being shaped, punch 2 and die 1 are not beaten and are leaned on, thereby have eliminated the impulsive force between punch-die; Novel mould structure has shortened the length of knock-pin; Reasonably distortion standard, guarantees the mechanical property of high strength steel nail and has reduced distortion work step.