CN102782096A

CN102782096A - System and method for cooling syngas produced from a gasifier

Info

Publication number: CN102782096A
Application number: CN2010800652151A
Authority: CN
Inventors: P.S.华莱士; P.S.萨克
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: Air Products and Chemicals Inc
Priority date: 2010-01-05
Filing date: 2010-12-16
Publication date: 2012-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2030-12-16
Also published as: WO2011084594A3; US8769964B2; CN102782096B; US20110162381A1; EP2521759A2; KR101737661B1; WO2011084594A2; KR20120112515A

Abstract

A syngas cooler that includes an outer wall defining a cavity. A first membrane water wall is positioned within the cavity. A thermal siphon is positioned between the first membrane water wall and the outer wall and is configured to channel a flow of syngas therethrough to facilitate cooling the channeled syngas.

Description

Be used to cool off system and method from the synthetic gas of gasifier generation

Technical field

The disclosure relates generally to Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) generating, and relates more specifically to be used to cool off the method and apparatus from the synthetic gas of gasifier.

Background technology

At least some known IGCC power generation systems are used the gasifier that hydrocarbon containing feed is changed into the gas of partially oxidation.The gas that is known as the partially oxidation of " synthetic gas " is used at least some combustion turbine provides fuel.Yet, before can using synthetic gas, must remove from synthetic gas usually such as the impurity of entrained solids, carbonic acid gas and/or hydrogen sulfide.

Known IGCC power generation system produces and is in the pyritous synthetic gas.In order to remove entrained solids, at least some known power oss are utilized radiation and convection current syngas cooler cooling syngas.Known water cooler reclaims heat from synthetic gas, therefore reduces the synthetic gas temperature so that entrained solids can withdraw from from synthetic air with the form of slag (slag) and particulate matter.After cooling and removing slag and particulate matter, synthetic gas is in the temperature that removes that is suitable for carbonic acid gas and hydrogen sulfide.Yet, known water cooler be big relatively and expensive and the array that requires pump, pipeline and steel drum with cooling syngas effectively.Yet known water cooler can require frequent maintenance to avoid fouling problem.

Therefore, exist not expensive, the needs of compact syngas cooler more, this syngas cooler has resistibility and does not require a large amount of auxiliary equipments dirt.In addition, be contemplated that energy will become expensive more.Therefore, also exist the efficient with raising and the needs of the cooling equipment in life-span.

Summary of the invention

On the one hand, syngas cooler is provided.Syngas cooler comprises the outer wall that limits chamber.First membrane wall is positioned in the chamber.Thermosiphon (thermal siphon) is positioned between first membrane wall and the outer wall, and is configured to guide synthetic air to pass wherein so that cool off the synthetic gas of guiding.

On the other hand, gas turbine engine system is provided.Gas turbine engine system comprises compressor and burner, this burner and compressor flow is communicated with receive by the compressor discharge airborne at least some.Syngas cooler is connected into burner is mobile and is communicated with to be used for that synthetic air is directed to burner.Syngas cooler comprises the outer wall that limits chamber.First membrane wall is positioned in the chamber.Thermosiphon is positioned between first membrane wall and the outer wall, and is configured to guide synthetic air to pass wherein so that cool off the synthetic gas of guiding.

Aspect another, be provided for cooling off the synthetic gas that in gasifier, produces and make slag and particulate matter from the isolating method of synthetic gas.Method be included in the synthetic gas cooling unit with three with one heart, directed vertically membrane wall surrounds synthetic air.Three concentric membrane walls are passed in the cooling fluid guiding.Synthetic gas be passed down through in three membrane walls first membrane wall with cooling syngas partly with slag is separated from synthetic gas with particulate matter.Thermosiphon is used for making between second membrane wall of part refrigerative synthetic gas in first membrane wall of three membrane walls and three membrane walls upwards process; And then process downwards between second membrane wall in the tertiary membrane formula water wall in three membrane walls and three membrane walls is to produce cooling output synthetic gas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of demonstration IGCC power generation system.

Fig. 2 is used for using the synoptic diagram in the demonstration syngas cooler system of IGCC power generation system shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is used for using the isometric view at the demonstration syngas cooler of syngas cooler system shown in Figure 2.

Fig. 4 be shown in Fig. 3 and the syngas cooler of 3-3 intercepting along the line analyse and observe isometric view.

Fig. 5 be shown in Fig. 3 and the part of the syngas cooler of 4-4 intercepting along the line analyse and observe oblique top view.

Fig. 6 is the equidistance hidden line view of semicanal cooling system, and this semicanal cooling system is connected in outer wall and can uses with the syngas cooler shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 be shown in Fig. 3 and the optional syngas cooler of 3-3 intercepting along the line analyse and observe isometric view.

Accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn in proportion.Yet corresponding Reference numeral is represented corresponding components in institute's drawings attached.

Embodiment

As use in this article, word " demonstration " is defined as " characteristic of its kind or illustrate general rule " and not necessarily is defined as " desirable " or " best ".Example embodiment of quoting individually and their accompanying drawing shown in this paper are all not necessarily illustrated all inventive features that can make up in an embodiment.In addition, some example embodiment and/or their accompanying drawing can illustrate characteristic, and these characteristics itself are not creationary, but for the background of understanding inventive features, are useful.

In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " etc. only be intended to distinguish in the disclosure detail and/or accompanying drawing shown in the object of similar type.They do not mean that hint is used for the numeric sorting of corresponding object or any indication of time or character, only if offer some clarification on.In addition, " first " object, " second " object or the appearance in an embodiment of " the 3rd " object not necessarily hint any other the existence of similar object in this special embodiment.For example, the embodiment that has " first " wall not necessarily has " second " this wall.Similarly, the embodiment that has " second " wall not necessarily has " first " this wall.

As use in this article, term " synthetic gas " refers to the synthesis gas that feed hydrocarbon is processed that contains by partially oxidation.Synthetic gas based on the feed that uses in its definite composition vary, but mainly comprise carbon monoxide, hydrogen, water, carbonic acid gas and such as the possible impurity of hydrogen sulfide.Synthetic gas is as the fuel in the burner of at least some IGCC equipment.

Fig. 1 shows demonstration IGCC power generation system 10, and it comprises whole syngas cooler system 11, gas turbine engine system 15 and steam turbine engines system 23.Gas turbine engine system 15 comprises compressor 18, burner 16, is connected in the turbine 20 of the compressor 18 and first generator 22 drivingly.Burner 16 is connected in compressor 18, makes burner 16 flow with compressor 18 and is communicated with.Steam turbine engines system 23 comprises heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) 24, steam turbine 26 and second generator 28.In example embodiment, whole syngas cooler system 11 comprises gasifier 12 and syngas cooler 14.Gasifier 12 partly oxidation such as coal, refining residue, refinery coke, Residual oil, oil-emulsion, tar sand or other the fuel that contains feed hydrocarbon to process synthetic gas.Whole syngas cooler system 11 is connected in burner 16, makes whole syngas cooler system 11 and 16 mobile connections to be used for that synthetic air is directed to burner 16 of burner.The synthetic gas that burner 16 burnings act as a fuel is to produce thermal high gas.Compressor 18 sucks and pressurized air.Mix and guide to turbine 20 from the thermal high gas of burner 16 with from the pressurized air of compressor 18.When combustion gases expanded, it was that first generator 22 provides power that turbine 20 rotates.HRSG24 is used to produce steam from the used heat of turbine 20.HRSG24 supplies steam to turbine 26, and turbine 26 is that second generator 28 provides power.

In many cases, contain feed hydrocarbon and comprise impurity such as dust, metal and mineral.Often comprise the solid impurity that is the form of carrying slag and particulate matter secretly from the synthetic gas of the feed production that comprises this impurity.Therefore, in certain embodiments, the present invention makes slag separate from synthetic gas with particulate matter before removing of carbonic acid gas and hydrogen sulfide, to avoid obstruction and dirt.Synthetic gas is being in high temperature when gasifier 12 is discharged.For the ease of removing of slag and particulate matter, after leaving gasifier 12 and before synthetic gas gets into burner 16, synthetic gas is through syngas cooler 14 coolings.

Fig. 2 is used for using the synoptic diagram in the syngas cooler system 30 of IGCC power generation system 10.Fig. 3 is used for using the isometric view at the syngas cooler 31 of syngas cooler system 30.Fig. 4 is the isometric view of analysing and observe of syngas cooler 31.Fig. 3 indicates with the identical Reference numeral that in Fig. 2, uses with the same member shown in Fig. 4.In example embodiment, syngas cooler system 30 comprises the gasifier 29 that is positioned in the syngas cooler 31, is connected in the interchanger 32 of syngas cooler 31 and is connected in syngas cooler 31 and the synthesis gas washing device 33 of interchanger 32.Transmitting pipeline 112 is connected between syngas cooler 31 and the interchanger 32.First or washing synthetic gas conduit 114 be connected in synthesis gas washing device 33, transmit pipeline 112 and interchanger 32 and guide from synthesis gas washing device 33 to the washing synthetic air that transmits pipeline 112 and interchanger 32 being used to.Second or heated scrub synthetic gas conduit 116 be connected between interchanger 32 and the burner 16 heated scrub synthetic air to be used to guide from interchanger 32 to burner 16.In one embodiment, gas cleaning system 118 are connected between interchanger 32 and the burner 16 to be used to clean the heated scrub synthetic air from interchanger 32.

In the operating period of syngas cooler system 30, coal and oxygen are directed in the gasifier 29 so that the generation of synthetic gas.Gasifier 29 guiding synthetic gas pass syngas cooler 31 to be used to reduce the temperature of synthetic gas.First synthetic air 34 is directed to from syngas cooler 31 and transmits pipeline 112 and interchanger 32 to be used to heat second or washing synthetic air 35 from synthesis gas washing device 33.Interchanger 32 is through being convenient to further to cool off first synthetic air 34 from the heat passage of first synthetic air, 34 to second synthetic airs 35.In optional embodiment, interchanger 32 is through being convenient to supply with from first synthetic air 34 to boiler the heat passage heating of being convenient to boiler supply current of water, to produce HP steam.Interchanger 32 is directed to synthesis gas washing device 33 in order to using the water washing synthetic gas, so that remove particle and muriate with synthetic gas.More specifically, interchanger 32 is directed to synthesis gas washing device 33 with first synthetic air 34 and is convenient to remove particle and muriate from first synthetic air 34 being used to.The first part 36 that synthesis gas washing device 33 will wash second synthetic air 35 is directed to and transmits pipeline 112 so that reduce the metal temperature that transmits in the pipeline 112 and the dirt of being convenient to prevent to transmit pipeline 112 and interchanger 32 and the solid deposits of transmitting in pipeline 112 and the interchanger 32.The second section 38 that synthesis gas washing device 33 also will wash synthetic air 35 is directed to interchanger 32.Then, dry heat recycling synthetic gas gas in a small amount mixes with the washing synthetic gas, anyly carries solid drying so that the solid deposits in the elimination interchanger 32 so that synthetic gas dilutes (overheated) and makes.Second synthetic air 35 comprises having basically the particle that reduces and the synthetic gas of chlorination logistics.When second synthetic air 35 gets into interchanger 32, heat passage from first synthetic air 34 to second synthetic air 35.First part 36 further is directed to interchanger 32 to mix with second section 38 and to be heated from transmitting pipeline 112.Interchanger 32 with the 3rd or heated scrub synthetic air 40 guiding use when being used for to burner 16 in burning.In one embodiment, interchanger 32 is directed to gas cleaning system 118 with the 3rd synthetic air 40.

In example embodiment, syngas cooler 31 comprises syngas cooler outer wall 37, supply syringe 39, the cooling syngas outlet 41 that limits chamber 42 and is positioned at a plurality of membrane walls 43 in the chamber 42.Gasifier 29 is included in the syngas cooler 31 and is positioned in the top section 46 of first membrane wall 44.Supplying with syringe 39 is configured to being directed to gasifier 29 such as the fuel of coal or other carbonaceous material and the stream of oxygen.Gasifier 29 is convenient to the generation of synthetic gas and syngas cooler 31 is passed in the synthetic gas guiding.Hot synthesis gas from gasifier 29 is centered on by first membrane wall 44, and first membrane wall 44 is passed in entering.First membrane wall 44 is cylindricalitys basically; And basically around the vertical medullary ray that passes gasifier 29 and syngas cooler 31 110 centering; Make the most of at least slags that are included in the hot synthesis gas drop downwards, and be collected in lock hopper 45 places that are connected in syngas cooler outer wall 37.In example embodiment, first membrane wall 44 comprises cooling fluid through a plurality of pipes of its round-robin or path (not shown).Though when first membrane wall 44 is passed in synthetic gas guiding, be delivered to cooling fluid from the heat of synthetic gas through radiation and convection current, synthetic gas does not directly contact with cooling fluid.In certain embodiments, first membrane wall 44 is made by high alloy material (for example, Incology 800 LC) so that prevent high temperature vulcanized and corrosion at least in part.First membrane wall 44 comprises top section 46, second or centre portion 47 and the 3rd or lower curtate 48.In one embodiment, top section 46 and/or gasifier 29 are coated with ramming (ramming) and mix flame retardant coating, such as but be not subject to chromium or silit (SiC) sill.

In example embodiment, centre portion 47 is included in the first inclined orientation wall 49 that limits path 51 in first membrane wall 44.First wall 49 be limited to its lower end than place, end above that narrower, in path 51 the terminated passage, make area/natural scale distribute and all be convenient to increase with the residence time more uniformly that is used to pass wherein synthetic gas and slag.Therefore, the amount of thick slag is convenient to increase.In example embodiment, first wall 49 by the refractory brick manufacturing so that stand high-temperature synthesis gas.In other embodiment, the water wall radius that reduces can remove from first membrane wall 44 and realizes through managing (not shown in figures).The second inclined orientation wall 55 below path 51 is limited to its upper end ratio at the narrower passage of its lower end.In example embodiment, the first wall 49 and second wall 55 by the refractory brick manufacturing so that stand high-temperature synthesis gas.

In example embodiment, second membrane wall 59 centers on first membrane wall 44 in syngas cooler 31.So, second membrane wall 59 has the diameter bigger than first membrane wall 44.Second membrane wall 59 comprises a plurality of first alar wall 57 radially, and it extends radially inwardly supporting second membrane wall 59, and is connected in first membrane wall 44.Under the situation that does not deviate from the scope of the present disclosure, first radially alar wall 57 can have any size, shape, size and quantity.For example, in example embodiment, use more than 15 first alar walls 57 radially.In another embodiment, use greater or less than 15 first alar walls 57 radially.In yet another embodiment, use greater or less than 15 first alar walls 57 radially.

In addition, in example embodiment, tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 centers on second membrane wall 59 in syngas cooler 31.Have the diameter bigger but tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 and second membrane wall 59 be similar basically than water wall 59.Tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 supports against syngas cooler outer wall 37 in certain embodiments.In addition, tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 comprises second alar wall 69 radially, and it extends radially inwardly to support tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 and to be connected in second membrane wall 59.Second radially quantity, size and the size of alar wall 69 can between embodiment, change, but in certain embodiments, use first alar wall 57 and second alar wall 69 radially radially of equal amts, make each wall 57 align with identical radial mode with wall 69.In certain embodiments, first membrane wall 44, second membrane wall 59 and tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 align substantially concentricly.

In example embodiment, a plurality of first uncolled baffle plate 63 extends from the bottom 62 of second membrane wall 59.Baffle plate 63 inwardly is oriented and limits first underpass 65.In addition, in example embodiment, a plurality of second uncolled baffle plate 71 extends from the bottom 70 of tertiary membrane formula water wall 61.Baffle plate 71 inwardly is oriented and limits second underpass 73.Lock hopper 45 is positioned at the thick slag that drops from synthetic air with collection in second underpass, 73 belows, and cooling syngas passes syngas outlet 41 from syngas cooler 31 guiding.Lock hopper 45 maintains the water of certain level, but it can split into the frangible solid material of small piece when fluid slag quenching Cheng Zaicong syngas cooler 31 is removed.The cooling syngas of discharging from syngas outlet 41 can comprise thin solid impurity particle, and its additional processing capable of using removes.Basically all thick slags remove via lock hopper 45.

The synthetic gas that gets into syngas cooler 31 through gasifier 29 cools off through flowing downward along first membrane wall 44 basically.The center that is positioned at the center of first membrane wall 44 or is convenient to make slag stream focus on first membrane wall 44 near the path 51 at the center of first membrane wall 44 basically is to promote the recycling of synthetic gas.Opposite with the thick slag that falls under gravity in the lock hopper 45, part refrigerative synthetic gas on direction 75 upwards, flow to by first radially alar wall 57 separate and be limited in the annular space 74 between first membrane wall 44 and second membrane wall 59.This synthetic gas be further cooled and on downward direction 76, flow to by second radially alar wall 69 separate and be limited in the annular space 77 between second membrane wall 59 and the tertiary membrane formula water wall 61.Thermosiphon 79 produces the flow pattern (that is, hot gas rises, and cold air descends) of expectation, and thermosiphon 79 is by producing with the rising synthetic gas of arrow 75 expressions with the density difference between the decline synthetic gas of arrow 78 expressions.The existence of thermosiphon 79 allows the thick slag of heat to be removed from synthetic gas, allows synthetic gas to be cooled to be suitable for the temperature that removes of carbonic acid gas and hydrogen sulfide simultaneously.In example embodiment, the synthetic gas that the lower curtate 48 of first membrane wall 44 is passed in guiding is included in about 1800 ^oF is to about 1600 ^oTemperature between the F.Pass in annular space 74 and the entering thermosiphon 79 when synthetic gas upwards flows, synthetic gas is further cooled, and makes the synthetic gas that gets in the annular space 77 be included in about 1300 ^oF is to about 1200 ^oTemperature between the F.Guiding is passed annular space 77 and is further cooled with the synthetic gas that passes thermosiphon 79, makes the synthetic gas that gets into underpass 73 be included in about 1000 ^oF is to about 800 ^oTemperature between the F.

Fig. 5 be shown in Fig. 3 and the part of the syngas cooler 31 of 4-4 intercepting along the line analyse and observe oblique top view.Same member shown in Fig. 5 indicates with the same reference numerals of using among Fig. 4.In example embodiment, at least one coolant entrance 80 is connected at least one membrane wall 43 to be used for that membrane wall 43 is passed in the cooling fluid flow guiding.In optional embodiment, for example the refrigerant of water is fed to first membrane wall 44 via one or more first coolant entrances 81.Similarly, refrigerant is fed to second membrane wall 59 via one or more second coolant entrances 83, and refrigerant is fed to tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 via one or more the 3rd coolant entrances 85.Though the inlet point that is used for steam and refrigerant with flow out point not shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, after the embodiment that in being familiar with this paper, describes, those skilled in the art can select this inlet point and outflow as design alternative.In one embodiment, one or more steam collectors 86 extend through between first membrane wall 44 and second membrane wall 59 and/or the passage (not shown) between second membrane wall 59 and the tertiary membrane formula water wall 61.

In example embodiment, and with reference to Fig. 6, a plurality of " semicanals " 89 with semi-circular cross-section are positioned at the internal surface 90 that maybe can be welded in tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 on the syngas cooler outer wall 37.In using the embodiment that replaces wall, the outside surface (not shown) of replacement wall is welded in the internal surface of syngas cooler outer wall 37.In at least one embodiment, semicanal 89 is to be coated with coolant hose protection SiC coating, that made by low-alloy.Though not shown in figures, in certain embodiments, second radially alar wall 69 extend internally to be connected in second membrane wall 59.The second uncolled baffle plate 71 is inwardly angled to form second underpass 73.In the embodiment with a plurality of semicanals 89, coolant circulating is convenient to the synthetic air of cooling with arrow 78 (shown in Fig. 4) expression in semicanal 89.

Fig. 7 is the isometric view of analysing and observe that is used for using at the optional syngas cooler 202 of IGCC power generation system 10.Quench wall 208 extends to limit the part in the mobile path 78 of main synthetic gas from tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 downstream.In example embodiment, quench wall 208 is tapers basically, and inwardly reduces gradually or assemble towards downstream end 212 from upstream 210.Downstream end 212 is connected in the quenching ring 214 in the quenching chamber 216 below being positioned at second underpass 73.In optional embodiment, quenching chamber 216 is convenient to mobile quick cooling of passing synthetic gas wherein.In addition, in optional embodiment, quenching chamber 216 comprises quenching ring 214, dip-tube 218, drainage tube 220, splasher 222, tank 224 and syngas outlet 226.Though water is described as being used to make the fluid of synthetic gas quenching in this article, can be used for quenching such as any suitable non-reacted fluid of liquid and/or gas.In optional embodiment, quenching ring 214 can be connected in pond (not shown), quench water delivery member (not shown) and/or make the syngas cooler 202 can be as describing acting any other the suitable structure in ground in this article.

In optional embodiment, dip-tube 218 aligns with medullary ray 110 with drainage tube 220 substantially concentricly.The upstream 230 of dip-tube 218 and the upstream 232 of drainage tube 220 are positioned to adjacent with quench wall 208.The downstream end 234 of dip-tube 218 and the downstream end 236 of drainage tube 220 extend in the tank 224.In addition, in example embodiment, splasher 222 be general toroidal and extend around drainage tube 220.

In example embodiment, tank 224 comprises water (not shown), pond (not shown) and/or discharging (blowdown) pipeline (not shown).Though tank 224 is described as having therein water, tank 224 can comprise the fluid except water, and still is considered to " tank ".On the contrary, tank 224 is to be configured to make water to remain on the part of quenching chamber 216 wherein.In example embodiment, dip-tube 218 all is immersed in the water in the tank 224 with drainage tube 220 at least in part.In addition, in example embodiment, quenching chamber 216 comprises at least one syngas outlet 226 that extends through syngas cooler outer wall 37.

During system operation, the synthetic gas that is produced by gasifier 29 passes in path 51 and the entering lower curtate 48 along first membrane wall 44 guiding downwards.Second membrane wall 59 upwards is directed to part refrigerative synthetic gas in annular space 74 and the thermosiphon 79.When synthetic gas was further cooled, tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 passed annular space 77 with cooling syngas guiding downwards and gets in the quenching chamber 216.More specifically, tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 is directed to synthetic gas in the quenching chamber 216 with quench wall 208.Water is directed in the quenching ring 214 and is discharged to tank 224 to be used for being discharged to quenching chamber 216 neutralizations along dip-tube 218.The slag (not shown) that forms the synthetic gas refrigerant drops in the tank 224 to be used for from syngas cooler 202 discharges.When synthetic gas through and/or when dip-tube 218, drainage tube 220 and/or splasher 222 flow, the particle in the synthetic gas forms slag.Remaining synthetic gas is not have particulate basically and pass through syngas outlet 226 from syngas cooler 202 discharges.In one embodiment, guide the synthetic gas that passes syngas outlet 226 to be included in about 350 from syngas cooler 202 ^oF is to about 300 ^oTemperature between the F.

In the advantage of the embodiment that more than describes at least some comprise the bigger heat transfer surface that is used for synthetic gas, because two sides of first membrane wall 44 and additional second membrane wall 59 and have the additional tertiary membrane formula water wall 61 of semicanal 89 or a side of its quid pro quo is used for cooling.Therefore, realize than the bigger heat transfer surface density of possible heat transfer surface density in the embodiment that only comprises a membrane wall.In addition, the high alloy heat transfer material is used more expeditiously, because use two sides of high alloy heat transfer surface.In addition, slag pass syngas cooler 31 (that is, passing first membrane wall 44) at first through after break away from so that the dirt about twice process subsequently of extending through thermosiphon 79 is minimized.In addition, the effective synthetic gas path length of length that limits through the syngas cooler 31 with more short-sighted feel length (sight length) promotes heat passage.Long path length promotes pure plug flow (pure plug flow), makes the maximization of synthetic gas temperature and improves radiation heat transfer.Short-sighted feel length also helps heat passage in the radiant coolers, because it is normally opaque to wrap dreggy gas.In addition, short-sighted feel length help to eliminate near membrane wall than cool region.

Separate (promptly with syngas cooler 31 at gasifier 12; Be not included in the syngas cooler 31) embodiment in; The further advantage of the embodiment that more than describes comprises that the minimum size of only utilizing syngas cooler 31 increases to realize cooling; And in syngas cooler 31, do not use additional cooling system (that is, pump, pipeline, steam drum), therefore reduce cost and improve operability.In addition, because water cooling, so gasifier refractory life even prolonging than the High Operating Temperature place.Therefore, the carbon conversion efficiency of each process improves, and handles the cost reduction of thin slag.

Among the embodiment in gasifier 12 is included in syngas cooler 31, further advantage comprises the eliminating to the needs that transmit pipeline and convection current syngas cooler.Though radiation synthesis gas water cooler 31 highly increases, the lower cost pipe can be used for reducing the temperature service.The cost that the increase of radiation synthesis gas water cooler can be not only offset in the saving that reduces from the minimizing of floor space (footprint) and equipment raises.In addition, can be used for the approximate half the of heat transfer surface area, reduce cost thus and allow more the manufacturing to select, because high alloy tube bank in existing, the tube bank of outer low-alloy and pressurized vessel than the low-alloy pipe.In addition, all former synthetic gas are positioned on the shell-side (shell side) in water pipe structure, and all heat transfer surface are vertical, reduce or eliminate thus about water cooler and stop up and sedimental problem.In addition, exist in the low differential pressure on the pipe in the washing synthetic gas section of syngas cooler, allow thus to use thin pipe with reduce cost, weight and heat transfer surface requirement.

When introducing the element of the present invention or its preferred embodiment, article " ", " one ", " being somebody's turn to do " and " said " are intended to mean and are had one or more in the element.Term " comprises " that " comprising " and " having " be intended to comprise, and means the add ons that can exist except the element of enumerating.

Because under the situation that does not deviate from scope of the present invention, can make various variations to above structure and method, should be interpreted as illustrative and do not explain so intention is included in above description neutralization all materials illustrated in the accompanying drawings with restrictive, sense.

Describe the example embodiment of the system and method that is used to cool off the synthetic gas that produces from gasifier in the above in detail.System and method is not subject to the specific embodiment of describing among this paper, but on the contrary, the member of equipment and/or the step of method can by independently and with this paper in other member and/or the step described utilize dividually.For example, method also can be used in combination with other gasifier and method, and is not subject to the syngas cooler system practice that only utilizes as describe in this article.On the contrary, example embodiment can be used and implements and utilize together with many other gasifier coolings.

Though the special characteristic of each embodiment of the present invention can be in some drawings and not shown in other the accompanying drawing, this only for convenience's sake.According to principle of the present invention, any characteristic of accompanying drawing can combine any other accompanying drawing any characteristic and with reference to and/or prescription.

Though describe the method and system of describing among this paper, those skilled in the art will recognize that the method and system of describing among this paper can have under the situation of modification to be put into practice in the spirit of accompanying claims and scope according to each specific embodiment.

Claims

1. syngas cooler, it comprises:

Outer wall, it limits chamber;

First membrane wall, it is positioned in the said chamber; With

Thermosiphon, it is positioned between said first membrane wall and the said outer wall, and said thermosiphon is configured to guide synthetic air to pass wherein so that cool off the synthetic gas of guiding.

2. syngas cooler according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:

Second membrane wall, it aligns with said first membrane wall substantially concentricly; With

Tertiary membrane formula water wall, it aligns with said second membrane wall substantially concentricly, and wherein, said second membrane wall is between said first membrane wall and said tertiary membrane formula water wall.

3. syngas cooler according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises lock hopper, and it is connected in said outer wall to be used for collecting the slag of the synthetic gas that is included in injection.

4. syngas cooler according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises the first angled wall, and it extends internally from said first membrane wall; With the second angled wall, it is connected in the said first angled wall, and the said first angled wall and the said second angled wall are configured to promote the recycling of said synthetic gas.

5. syngas cooler according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises first alar wall radially, and it is connected between said first membrane wall and said second membrane wall; With second alar wall radially, it is connected between said tertiary membrane formula water wall and said second membrane wall.

6. syngas cooler according to claim 2 is characterized in that, comprises that also ramming mixes fire-resistant coating, and it is connected in the top section of said first membrane wall.

7. syngas cooler according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises at least one semicanal, and it is connected in the internal surface of said tertiary membrane formula water wall, and wherein, said semicanal comprises low-alloy semicanal and SiC coating.

8. syngas cooler according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Also comprise at least one inlet, its be connected in said first membrane wall, said second membrane wall and the said tertiary membrane formula water wall at least one pass wherein to be used for direct cooled fluid stream.

9. syngas cooler according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises gasifier, and it is positioned in the top section of said first membrane wall and is configured in said first membrane wall guiding hot synthesis gas downwards.

10. syngas cooler according to claim 2; It is characterized in that, also comprise quench wall, it is connected in said tertiary membrane formula water wall to be used for that said synthetic gas is directed to quenching chamber from said thermosiphon; Wherein, said quenching chamber is convenient to cool off apace said synthetic gas.

11. a gas turbine engine system, it comprises:

Compressor;

Burner, its with said compressor flow is communicated with receive by said compressor discharge airborne at least some; With

Syngas cooler, it is connected into said burner is mobile and is communicated with to be used for that synthetic air is directed to said burner, and said syngas cooler comprises:

Outer wall, it limits chamber;

First membrane wall, it is positioned in the said chamber; With

Thermosiphon, it is positioned between said first membrane wall and the said outer wall, and said thermosiphon is configured to guide said synthetic gas to pass wherein so that cool off the synthetic gas of guiding.

12. gas turbine engine system according to claim 11 is characterized in that, said syngas cooler also comprises:

Tertiary membrane formula water wall, it aligns with said second membrane wall substantially concentricly, and wherein, said second membrane wall is positioned between said first membrane wall and the said tertiary membrane formula water wall.

13. gas turbine engine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; Said syngas cooler also comprises gasifier, and it is positioned in the top section of said first membrane wall and is configured in said first membrane wall guiding hot synthesis gas downwards.

14. gas turbine engine system according to claim 12; It is characterized in that; Said syngas cooler also comprises quench wall; It is connected in said tertiary membrane formula water wall to be used for that said synthetic gas is directed to quenching chamber from said thermosiphon, and wherein, said quenching chamber is convenient to cool off apace said synthetic gas.

15. gas turbine engine system according to claim 11; It is characterized in that; Also comprise the interchanger that is connected between said syngas cooler and the synthesis gas washing device; Wherein, said syngas cooler is directed to said interchanger with first synthetic air, and said synthesis gas washing device is directed to said interchanger to be used for that heat is delivered to said second synthetic air from said first synthetic air with second synthetic air.

16. one kind be used for cooling off the synthetic gas that produces at gasifier and make slag and particulate matter from the isolating method of said synthetic gas, said method comprises:

In the synthetic gas cooling unit with three with one heart, directed vertically membrane wall surrounds synthetic air;

Said three concentric membrane walls are passed in the cooling fluid guiding;

Make said synthetic gas be passed down through first membrane wall in said three membrane walls partly to cool off said synthetic gas and slag is separated from said synthetic gas with particulate matter; With

Utilize thermosiphon so that process upwards between first membrane wall and second membrane wall in said three membrane walls of part refrigerative synthetic gas in said three membrane walls; And then process downwards between tertiary membrane formula water wall in said three membrane walls and second membrane wall in said three membrane walls is to produce cooling output synthetic gas.

17. method according to claim 16 is characterized in that, also comprises using said cooling output synthetic gas to produce electric power.

18. method according to claim 17 is characterized in that, uses said synthetic gas to comprise that to produce electric power the said cooling output of burning synthetic gas is to produce thermal high gas.

19. method according to claim 18 is characterized in that, uses said synthetic gas to produce electric power and also comprise the said thermal high gas of guiding and to turbine, to be that first generator provides power from the pressurized air of compressor.

20. method according to claim 19 is characterized in that, also comprises being used to operate second generator from the used heat of said turbine.