Antenna assembly
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna assembly.
Background technology
Along with the high development of semiconductor technology, current electronic system integrated level has been proposed increasingly high requirement, miniaturization of devices becomes the technical problem that whole industry is paid special attention to.Yet, be different from the development that the IC chip is followed " Moore's Law ", as other important composition---the radio-frequency module of electronic system, but be faced with the highly difficult technological challenge of device miniaturization.Radio-frequency module has mainly comprised main devices such as mixing, power amplifier, filtering, radio signal transmission, matching network and antenna.Wherein, antenna is as the radiating element and the receiving device of final radiofrequency signal, and its operating characteristic will directly influence the service behaviour of whole electronic system.Yet important indicators such as the size of antenna, bandwidth, gain have but received the restriction (gain margin under the fixed dimension, bandwidth limit etc.) of basic physical principle.The basic principle of these index limit makes the miniaturization technology difficulty of antenna considerably beyond other device, and because the complexity of the electromagnetic field analysis of radio-frequency devices, approaching these limiting values all becomes huge technological challenge.
Simultaneously, complicated along with contemporary electronic systems, the demand of multimode service becomes more and more important in systems such as radio communication, wireless access, satellite communication, radio data network.And the demand of multimode service has further increased the complexity of miniature antenna multimode design.Remove the technological challenge of miniaturization, the multimode impedance matching of antenna also becomes the bottleneck of antenna technology.On the other hand, the high speed development of multi-input multi-output system (MIMO) in radio communication, wireless data service field further required the miniaturization of antenna size harshly and guaranteed good isolation degree, radiance and antijamming capability simultaneously.Yet traditional terminal communication antenna mainly designs based on the radiation theory of electric monopole or dipole, such as the most frequently used planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA).The radiation operating frequency of traditional antenna directly and the size positive correlation of antenna, the area positive correlation of bandwidth and antenna makes the design of antenna need the physical length of half-wavelength usually.More in the complicated electronic system, antenna needs multimode operation, just need design at the impedance matching network outside the feed antenna forehead at some.But the increase that impedance matching network is extra the feeder line design of electronic system, increased radio system area simultaneously matching network also introduced many energy losses, be difficult to satisfy the requirement of system design of low-power consumption.Therefore, miniaturization, multimodal new antenna technology become an important technology bottleneck of contemporary electronics integrated system.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of miniaturization is provided and carries out the antenna assembly of multimode operation pattern.
A kind of antenna assembly comprises conduction feedback point, feeder line, earth connection, unit, public ground, a conductive foil is engraved one first pattern and first antenna element that forms; And another conductive foil engraved one second pattern and second antenna element that forms; First antenna element is oppositely arranged with second antenna element is parallel.
Further, said antenna assembly comprise one the insulation medium substrate, said medium substrate comprise first surface and with the first surface opposing second surface, first antenna element is attached on the said first surface; Second antenna element is attached on the said second surface.
Further, said medium substrate is made by in ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or the ferromagnetic material any one.
Further, said first pattern and second pattern are the axial symmetry pattern.
Further, said first pattern and second pattern are the asymmetric pattern of axle.
Further, the pattern that said first pattern and second pattern can engrave into that a kind of and above-mentioned several kinds of patterns in complementary split ring resonator pattern, complementary helix pattern, opening helical ring pattern, two opening helical ring pattern, the complementary folding line pattern are derived, compound, combination or group battle array obtain.
Further, the earthing mode of the feed-in mode of said feeder line and earth connection can be that the capacitive coupling also can be inductive coupled.
Further, the feed-in mode of said feeder line and the earthing mode of earth connection can be selected for use: the feed-in of feeder line inductance, earth connection inductance ground connection; The feed-in of feeder line inductance, the earth connection capacity earth; The feed-in of feeder line electric capacity, earth connection inductance ground connection; In the feed-in of feeder line electric capacity, four kinds of earth connection capacity earths any one.
Further, said conduction feedback point and feeder line all are formed on the first surface and each other and are electrically connected first antenna element and the second antenna element mutual electromagnetic coupling.
Further, said medium substrate is offered a via hole, and feeder line is electrically connected with first antenna element, and feeder line also is electrically connected with second antenna element through said via hole.
Further, unit, said public ground comprises first ground unit and second ground unit; First ground unit adheres on the first surface; Second ground unit adheres on the second surface, all offers at least one through hole on first ground unit and second ground unit and the medium substrate correspondence position, and said first ground unit and second ground unit are electrically connected through said at least one through hole each other.
Further, said earth connection is arranged on the second surface, and second antenna element is electrically connected with second ground unit through earth connection.
First antenna element in the said antenna device and second antenna element are engraved the partially conductive thin slice to form given shape according to designing requirement with conductive foil.Because thereby the highly dispersed characteristic of given shape conductive foil makes antenna have design that abundant radiation characteristic saved impedance matching network to realize antenna miniaturization and multimode chemical industry operation mode.
The present invention can use in following wireless device environment through corresponding wave point:
1) WLAN (802.11a/b/g/n/y).The equipment that can be applied to comprises: wireless router, and indoor portable terminal wireless receiver, like computer, personal digital assistant (Personal digital assistant, PDA), radio reception device (AP) etc.
2) cellular network communication.The equipment that can be applied to comprises: (the Personal Digital Cellular of personal digital cellular system; PDC), Global Systems for Mobile Communications (GSM) [can be applied to the various frequencies of GSM ,] like 400MHz, 450MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 1900MHz; IS-95 (Code Division Multiple Access; CDMA), IS-2000 (CDMA2000), Generalized Packet Relay Service (GPRS); Wide Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA); Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), High Speed OFDM Packet Access (HSOPA); High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA); High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) and MIMO.Be that the present invention can be widely applied in all kinds of cellular network communications terminal, comprising all kinds of second generations, the third generation and the wireless terminal in the 4th generation.The present invention not only can be applied in all kinds of mobile receiving terminal in the cellular network communication, but also can be applied in transmitting terminal, as be directed to the second generation, the third generation and the 4th generation wireless communication system antenna for base station etc.
3) global positioning system (Global Positioning System, GPS) terminal antenna.
4) very-short-reach communication (Ultra-wideband, UWB is in the 13m).Adaptable equipment comprises all radio-based electronic devices that use the UWB technology.
5) blue-tooth radio equipment (IEEE802.15.1).Adaptable equipment comprises all radio-based electronic devices under the IEEE802.15.1 protocol definition.
6) Wireless Telecom Equipment in ZigBee (IEEE802.15.4) agreement is like industrial monitoring, sensor network, home network, safety system, in-vehicle electronic system, servo actuator etc.Because the Wireless Telecom Equipment of IEEE802.15.4 definition is power constrained devices, therefore require low-power consumption.The small size antenna that the present invention proposes has also been saved hardware when dwindling hardware size greatly power consumption, the miniature antenna that therefore proposes here will be fit to any radio-based electronic devices under the IEEE802.15.4 agreement very much.
7) mobile network of no wired infrastructure support.Like sensor network (Sensor Networks) body zone sensors network (Body Sensor Network) and Ad Hoc network.Because this type of network is very high to the wireless terminal dimensional requirement, hopes that wireless terminal is more little good more, the small size antenna that is therefore designed here will effectively solve the technical bottleneck of this type of wireless network.
8) medical electric wireless device (IEEE 1073).Comprise: the patient monitoring device in medical ventilation equipment, defibrillator, the acute disease hospital, family health care equipment, medical imaging device, like Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) etc.The total frequency spectrum that IEEE 1073 uses is 14MHz, and this frequency spectrum is that Federal Communications Committee (FCC) reserves for the medical wireless application in October, 2002 specially.The FCC plan is extracted frequency spectrum in three kinds of frequency ranges of 1395-1400 and 1427-1432MHz, for Medical Devices provide glitch-free spectrum space from 608-614.The small size antenna that proposes in this patent is applicable to this three kinds of frequency ranges fully.Therefore, the small size antenna that proposes in this patent can be widely applied in all medical electric wireless devices that IEEE 1073 standards comprise.
9) sending and receiving apparatus of all kinds of satellite communications.Satellite antenna for high-gain requires can be taked the array antenna system based on dipole antenna of RF chip of the present invention.
10) all kinds of radars and microwave detection system are like trailer-mounted radar, meteorological radar and maritime affairs radar etc.This chip miniature antenna can be used as the radiating element in the radar system.
11) antenna component of RF tag and identification (RFID) and read-write antenna.
12) all kinds of wireless amusing consumer-elcetronics devicess; Like wireless HiFi earphone (2.4GHz-2.48GHz and 433MHz-434MHz), wireless portable hard drive, printer, wireless game pads, wireless mouse (27.085MHz and 27.135MHz), keyboard miniaturized electronicss such as (27.185MHz and 27.035MHz), and all use the electronic equipment of Bluetooth antenna.
The multimode radio-frequency design of using between all kinds of wireless technologys of mentioning 13).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the floor map of antenna assembly one side of an embodiment among the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the floor map of antenna assembly shown in Figure 1 another side.
Fig. 3 is a pattern sketch map on the conducting strip shown in Figure 1; Wherein, Fig. 3 (a) forms complementary split ring resonator pattern on the conducting strip; Fig. 3 (b) forms complementary helix pattern on the conducting strip; Fig. 3 (c) forms opening helical ring pattern on the conducting strip, Fig. 3 (d) forms two opening helical ring patterns on the conducting strip, and Fig. 3 (e) forms complementary folding line pattern on the conducting strip; Fig. 3 (f) is the composite pattern that forms symmetry on the conducting strip.
Fig. 4 is can be through forming the pattern that deriving mode forms on the conducting strip shown in Figure 3, and wherein Fig. 4 (a) is the topological structure geometry pattern of deriving; Fig. 4 (b) is topological structure expansion deriving pattern.
Embodiment
Ultra material is to be arranged on the media substrate according to ad hoc fashion by the artificial metal's conducting strip with certain pattern form.Thereby the different pattern form of artificial metal's conducting strip makes ultra material have different dielectric constants with arrangement mode and makes that with different magnetic permeabilitys ultra material has different electromagnetic responses.Wherein, When this artificial metal's conducting strip is in resonance band; This artificial metal's conducting strip will show the dispersion characteristics of height, and the dispersion characteristics of so-called height are meant the impedance of this artificial metal's conducting strip, hold perception, equivalent dielectric constant and magnetic permeability be along with violent variation can take place frequency.
The present invention utilizes above-mentioned principle, designs a kind of antenna assembly of multi-mode working.It is attached to conductive foil on the medium substrate, then conductive foil is engraved the partially conductive thin slice to form given shape.Because thereby the highly dispersed characteristic of given shape conductive foil makes antenna have design that abundant radiation characteristic saved impedance matching network to realize antenna miniaturization and multimode chemical industry operation mode.
Please consult Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in the lump, Fig. 1 is the floor map of antenna assembly one side of an embodiment among the present invention; Fig. 2 is the floor map of antenna assembly shown in Figure 1 another side.Antenna assembly 10 comprise one the insulation medium substrate 100, said medium substrate 100 comprise first surface 101 and with first surface 101 opposing second surface 102.One conductive foil is engraved one first pattern 12a and on the first antenna element 13a that forms and the first surface 101 that is attached to medium substrate 100; Another conductive foil is engraved one second pattern 12b and form the second antenna element 13b and be attached on the second surface 102 of medium substrate 100.In this execution mode, conductive foil adopts metallic copper, and wherein the first pattern 12a is the axial symmetry pattern with the second pattern 12b and becomes image to be arranged on first surface 101 and the second surface 102 each other respectively.The shape of the first pattern 12a and the second pattern 12b can be identical, also can be inequality.In other embodiments, conductive foil adopts metallic copper, and the first pattern 12a and the second pattern 12b can adopt the asymmetric pattern of axle.
The feeder line 11 that on first surface 101, also forms a conduction feedback point 14 and be electrically connected with conduction feedback point 14.In this execution mode, the said feeder line 11 and the first antenna element 13a mutual electromagnetic coupling are promptly transmitted information through the electromagnetic coupled mode each other; The said first antenna element 13a and the second antenna element 13b mutual electromagnetic coupling.In other embodiments, feeder line 11 is electrically connected with the first antenna element 13a and the second antenna element 13b respectively, promptly offers a via hole at medium substrate 100, and feeder line 11 is electrically connected with the second antenna element 13b through said via hole.
Be provided with the first ground unit 15a and the second ground unit 15b on first surface 101 and the second surface 102; Said ground unit 15a, last at least one through hole 150 that all offers of 15b, the said first ground unit 15a and the second ground unit 15b are electrically connected to form unit, a public ground through said at least one through hole 150 each other.Also be provided with earth connection 16 on the second surface 102, said earth connection 16 is electrically connected the second ground unit 15b with the second antenna element 13b.
Wherein, Feeder line 11 and earth connection 16 generally can be regarded as two pins of antenna, and with standard 50 ohmage feed-ins, but the earthing mode of the feed-in mode of feeder line 11 and earth connection 16 can be that the capacitive coupling also can be inductive coupled; Specifically; The feed-in mode of feeder line 11 and the access way of earth connection 16 have four kinds of combinations, are respectively: the feed-in of feeder line inductance, earth connection inductance ground connection; The feed-in of feeder line inductance, the earth connection capacity earth; The feed-in of feeder line electric capacity, earth connection inductance ground connection; The feed-in of feeder line electric capacity, the earth connection capacity earth.The topological micro-structural of the first antenna element 13a, the second antenna element 13b can be identical with size, also can be different, thus carry out the mixed structure design, do not change the fundamental radiation principle.
Antenna assembly 10 among the present invention; It is tuning that but carry out the topological structure of the earthing mode of feed-in coupled modes, earth connection 16 that can be through adjustment feeder line 11, antenna element 13a, 13b and size and feeder line 11 and earth connection 16 and the short circuit point position of antenna element 13a, 13b, thereby make antenna formation multimode operation.
See also Fig. 3, the first pattern 12a and the second pattern 12b include but not limited to a kind of in complementary split ring resonator pattern (shown in Fig. 3 (a)), complementary helix pattern (shown in Fig. 3 (b)), opening helical ring pattern (shown in Fig. 3 (c)), two opening helical ring pattern (shown in Fig. 3 (d), (e)), the complementary folding line pattern and through several kinds of patterns in front are derived, compound, combination or group battle array obtain a pattern (shown in Fig. 3 (f)).The above-mentioned first pattern 12a and the second pattern 12b can also be through deriving mode as shown in Figure 4 to form the pattern of more deriving; Wherein Fig. 4 (a) is a geometry deriving mode sketch map; Geometry is derived and is meant that the shape among conducting strip 13a, the 13b in the present invention not only is confined to rectangle; Also can be the arbitrary plane geometric figure, like circle, triangle, polygon etc.; Fig. 4 (b) is expansion deriving mode sketch map; Expansion is derived and is meant and is not changing under original conducting strip 13a, the 13b intrinsic propesties prerequisite, and the expansion of partially conductive sheet derives symmetry or asymmetric pattern comes thereby can engrave arbitrarily.
Can know that by Principle of Antenna electrical length is to describe the physical quantity of the frequent degree of electromagnetic wave wave form varies, electrical length=physical length/wavelength.When the same day, line worked in low frequency, the electromagnetic wavelength that low frequency is corresponding was longer, kept under the constant prerequisite of electrical length at needs, and increasing physical length is exactly necessary selection.Yet increase the requirement that physical length can not satisfy antenna miniaturization.(2 π can know, increase distributed capacitance and can effectively reduce operating frequency of antenna and make that under the prerequisite that does not increase physical length, just can to keep electrical length constant according to formula f=1/.So just can in minimum space, design the antenna that is operated under the very low operation frequency.
The material of medium substrate 100 of the present invention can be selected pottery, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material for use; Wherein macromolecular material preferably polytetrafluoroethylene, F4B or FR4.In the present invention, about the processing and manufacturing of antenna,, can adopt various manufactures as long as satisfy design principle of the present invention.Prevailing method is to use the manufacturing approach of all kinds of printed circuit board (PCB)s (PCB), metallized through hole, and the PCB of double-sided copper-clad makes all can satisfy processing request of the present invention.Remove this processing mode; Can also introduce other manufacturing process according to the needs of reality; (RFID is the abbreviation of Radio Frequency Identification such as RFID; Be REID, be commonly called as electronic tag) but in the processing mode that makes up of processing mode and iron plate and the PCB of flexible PCB processing, iron plate antenna of employed conductive silver paste printing ink processing mode, all kinds of deformation devices.Wherein, iron plate and PCB combination processing mode is meant that the accurate processing that utilizes PCB accomplishes the processing of chip micro-structural part, accomplishes other slave part with iron plate.
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.