CN102810165B - Read write line, electronic tag and radio-frequency recognition system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a reader-writer, an electronic tag and a radio frequency identification system. The reader-writer communicates with the electronic tag, including a radio-frequency identification reader-writer antenna, and the radio-frequency identification reader-writer antenna includes a feeder and a metal sheet, and the feeder is fed into the metal sheet by coupling; At least the asymmetric first micro-groove structure and the second micro-groove structure are engraved, so that the antenna has at least two different resonant frequency bands. The invention also relates to electronic tags and radio frequency identification systems. The present invention at least engraves asymmetrical first micro-groove structure and second micro-groove structure on the metal sheet, so it can easily generate multiple resonance points, and the resonance points are not easy to cancel, and it is easy to realize multi-mode resonance.

Description

Readers, electronic tags and radio frequency identification systems

technical field

The invention belongs to the communication field, and in particular relates to a reader, an electronic tag and a radio frequency identification system.

Background technique

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a non-contact automatic identification technology. Its basic principle is to use the transmission characteristics of radio frequency signals and space coupling (inductive or electromagnetic coupling) or radar reflection to realize automatic identification of identified objects.

The RFID system includes at least two parts: an electronic tag and a reader. The electronic tag is attached to the object and contains a unique ID number and information about the item; the reader is used to read the information on the electronic tag to realize automatic identification of the object. When the RFID system is working, the reader sends a radio frequency signal through the reader antenna. After the electronic tag receives the read and write instructions from the reader through the tag antenna, it returns the radio frequency signal to respond, and transmits the ID number and item information to the reader. Writer, so as to realize the automatic identification of items.

With the high development of semiconductor technology, higher and higher requirements are put forward for the integration of today's electronic systems, and the miniaturization of devices has become a technical issue of great concern to the entire industry. However, as another important component of the electronic system, the radio frequency module is facing the difficult technical challenge of device miniaturization. Among them, the antenna is the radiating unit and receiving device of the final radio frequency signal, and its working characteristics will directly affect the working performance of the entire electronic system. However, important indicators such as the size, bandwidth, gain, and radiation efficiency of the antenna are limited by basic physical principles (gain limit, bandwidth limit, etc. under a fixed size). The basic principles of these index limits make the miniaturization of antennas far more difficult than other devices, and due to the complexity of electromagnetic field analysis of radio frequency devices, approaching these limit values has become a huge technical challenge. Therefore, miniaturized new antenna technology has become an important technical bottleneck of contemporary electronic integrated systems. For the reader-writer and the electronic tag, the miniaturization of the corresponding antenna is also an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the antenna is controlled by the physical limitation of the space area when working at low frequency in the prior art, and it provides a reader, electronic tag and radio frequency identification with a miniaturized antenna when working at low frequency system.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a reader-writer, which communicates with electronic tags, includes a radio-frequency identification reader-writer antenna, and the radio-frequency identification reader-writer antenna includes a feeder line and a metal sheet, and the feeder line It is arranged around the metal sheet and fed into the metal sheet through coupling, and the metal sheet is at least engraved with an asymmetrical first micro-groove structure and a second micro-groove structure connected together, so that the antenna has at least three Different resonant frequency bands, wherein the pattern, size and/or spatial position of the first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure are different.

In the reader/writer according to the present invention, the feeder is not in contact with the metal sheet, and feeds into the metal sheet through capacitive coupling.

In the reader/writer of the present invention, the feeder is connected to the metal sheet through a short-circuit point so that the feeder is fed into the metal sheet by inductive coupling.

In the reader/writer of the present invention, the first microgroove structure is one of the complementary split resonant ring structure, complementary helical wire structure, split helical ring structure, double split helical ring structure and complementary bent line structure. One or a microgroove structure obtained by deriving, compounding or arraying the above structures;

The second microgroove structure is one of a complementary split resonant ring structure, a complementary helical wire structure, a split helical ring structure, a double split helical ring structure, and a complementary meander line structure, or is derived from the previous structures, Composite or arrayed microgroove structure.

The present invention also provides an electronic tag for communicating with a reader, which is characterized in that it includes a radio frequency identification tag antenna, and the radio frequency identification tag antenna includes a feeder line and a metal sheet, the feeder line is arranged around the metal sheet, and through a coupling feeding into the metal sheet, the metal sheet is at least engraved with an asymmetrical first micro-groove structure and a second micro-groove structure connected together, so that the antenna has at least three different resonant frequency bands, wherein the The first microgroove structure differs from the second microgroove structure in pattern, size and/or spatial location.

In the electronic tag of the present invention, the feeder is not in contact with the metal sheet, and feeds into the metal sheet through capacitive coupling.

In the electronic tag of the present invention, the feeder is connected to the metal sheet through a short-circuit point so that the feeder is fed into the metal sheet by inductive coupling.

In the electronic tag of the present invention, the first microgroove structure is one of a complementary split resonant ring structure, a complementary helical wire structure, a split helical ring structure, a double split helical ring structure, and a complementary bent line structure. One or the microgroove structure obtained by deriving, compounding or arraying the above structures;

The second microgroove structure is one of a complementary split resonant ring structure, a complementary helical wire structure, a split helical ring structure, a double split helical ring structure, and a complementary meander line structure, or is derived from the previous structures, Composite or arrayed microgroove structure.

The present invention also provides a radio frequency identification system, which at least includes an electronic tag and the above-mentioned reader-writer, and the reader-writer communicates with the electronic tag through an antenna of the radio frequency identification reader-writer.

The present invention also provides another radio frequency identification system, which at least includes a reader-writer and the above-mentioned electronic tag, and the electronic tag communicates with the reader-writer through a radio frequency identification tag antenna.

Implementing the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: at least an asymmetrical first micro-groove structure and a second micro-groove structure are engraved on the metal sheet of the antenna, so multiple resonance points can be easily generated, and the resonance points are not easily offset, it is easy to achieve multimode resonance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the first preferred embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a front view of the second preferred embodiment of the antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a front view of the third preferred embodiment of the antenna of the present invention.

Figure 5a is a schematic diagram of a complementary split resonant ring structure;

Figure 5b shows a schematic diagram of a complementary helix structure;

Figure 5c shows a schematic diagram of the open helical ring structure;

Figure 5d shows a schematic diagram of a double-opened helical ring structure;

Figure 5e is a schematic diagram of a complementary bend line structure;

Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of the geometric shape derivation of the complementary split resonator structure shown in Fig. 5a;

Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of the extended derivation of the complementary split resonant ring structure shown in Fig. 5a;

Fig. 7a is a composite structural schematic diagram of three complementary split resonant ring structures shown in Fig. 5a;

Fig. 7b is a composite schematic diagram of two complementary split resonant ring structures shown in Fig. 5a and the complementary helical wire structure shown in Fig. 5b;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of four complementary split resonator structures shown in FIG. 5a after they are arrayed.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the radio frequency identification system of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another radio frequency identification system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The reader of the radio frequency identification system includes the antenna of the radio frequency identification reader, and communicates with the electronic tag through the antenna of the radio frequency identification reader. In order to better describe the structure of the RFID reader-writer antenna of the present invention, a perspective drawing method is adopted, as shown in FIG. 1 . It should be noted that the antenna provided by the present invention is not only suitable for radio frequency identification reader antenna, but also suitable for radio frequency identification tag antenna. The following takes the radio frequency identification reader antenna as an example to illustrate.

The antenna of the invention is applied in a radio frequency identification system and communicates with a reader in the RFID system. The radio frequency identification reader-writer antenna of the present invention includes a feeder 1 and a metal sheet 2 . At least the asymmetric first micro-groove structure 100 and the second micro-groove structure 200 are engraved on the metal sheet 2, so that the antenna has at least two different resonant frequencies. The asymmetry here means that the pattern, size and/or spatial position of the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are different, and these differences lead to the resonance of the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 The frequency bands are different.

The feeder 1 is partly arranged around the metal sheet 2 to couple and feed the metal sheet 2 . The feeder 1 couples and feeds the metal sheet 2 by setting a short-circuit point to connect the feeder 1 and the metal sheet 2 to form an inductive coupling feeding method. Also, the feeder 1 is not connected to the metal sheet 2 but the two are opposite. Part of the capacitive coupling formed by capacitive coupling feeding.

The first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 of the present invention can be the complementary split resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 5a, the complementary helical structure shown in FIG. 5b, and the split helical ring structure shown in FIG. 5c. , one of the double-opened helical ring structure shown in FIG. 5d, the complementary bent line structure shown in FIG. 5e, or the microgroove structure obtained by deriving, compounding or arraying the above structures. There are two types of derivation, one is geometric shape derivation, and the other is extended derivation. The geometric shape derivation here refers to the derivation of structures with similar functions but different shapes, such as deriving from a box-like structure to a curve-like structure, triangle class structure and other different polygonal class structures; the extended derivation here is to open a new groove on the basis of Fig. 5a to Fig. 5e to form a new micro-groove structure; the complementary split resonator ring structure shown in Fig. 5a is For example, Fig. 6a is a schematic diagram of its geometric shape derivation, and Fig. 6b is a schematic diagram of its geometric shape derivation. Recombination here means that multiple microgroove structures in Figure 5a to Figure 5e are superimposed to form a new microgroove structure, as shown in Figure 7a, which is the composite of three complementary split resonator ring structures shown in Figure 5a Schematic diagram of the structure; as shown in FIG. 7b, it is a schematic structural diagram of two complementary split ring structures shown in FIG. 5a and the complementary helical wire structure shown in FIG. 5b. The array here refers to a plurality of micro-groove structures shown in Figure 5a to Figure 5e arrayed on the same metal sheet to form an integral micro-groove structure, as shown in Figure 8, which is a plurality of complementary micro-groove structures as shown in Figure 5a Schematic diagram of the structure of the type split resonator ring structure after arraying. However, the first micro-groove structure 100 and the second micro-groove structure 200 of the present invention are asymmetrical, and the specific asymmetrical manner will be described in detail in the following embodiments.

Forming the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 on the metal sheet 2 can be processes such as etching, drilling, photolithography, electronic engraving, ion engraving, wherein etching is a preferred process, and its main steps are in After designing a suitable micro-groove structure, the foil part of the preset micro-groove structure can be removed by using the chemical reaction of solvent and metal through etching equipment to obtain the above-mentioned first micro-groove structure 100 and the second micro-groove structure. 200 sheet metal 2. The material of the above-mentioned metal foil can be copper, silver and other metals.

The present invention also includes a medium for placing the feeder and the metal sheet, and the medium may be air, ceramics, epoxy resin substrate or polytetrafluoroethylene substrate.

If the present invention adopts the symmetrical first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure on the metal sheet 2, that is, the resonant frequency of the first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure is the same, after the two are mutually coupled, it will cause the antenna As the Q value increases, the corresponding bandwidth BW becomes smaller, which is not conducive to the realization of multi-mode resonance. However, if the at least asymmetrical first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure are used, the capacitance and inductance values produced by the two in response to electromagnetic waves will be different, thereby generating a plurality of different resonance points, and the plurality of Different resonance points are not easy to cancel, which is conducive to realizing rich multi-mode antennas.

The structures of the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 of the present invention may be the same or different. And the degree of asymmetry between the first micro-groove structure 100 and the second micro-groove structure 200 can be adjusted as required. This results in a rich and tunable multi-mode resonance. And according to needs, the present invention can also set more than two micro-groove structures on the same metal sheet so that the antenna has more than three different resonant frequency bands.

The three asymmetric microgroove structures formed on the metal sheet 2 of the present invention will be discussed in detail below.

As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the front view of the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and in Fig. 2, the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are asymmetric structures, wherein, the first microgroove structure The structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are connected together, and due to the asymmetry of the structure due to the difference in patterns, the resonant frequencies of the respective regions of the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are different. In this embodiment, the complementary helical structure and the derivative structure of the complementary helical structure shown in FIG. 5 b are taken as an example, and the two are connected to each other.

As shown in Figure 3, Figure 3 is a front view of the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, in Figure 3, the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are asymmetric structures with different patterns, wherein the first microgroove structure The first micro-groove structure 100 and the second micro-groove structure 200 are independent of each other. Due to the asymmetry of the structures due to the different patterns, the resonant frequencies of the respective regions of the first micro-groove structure 100 and the second micro-groove structure 200 are different. In this embodiment, the first microgroove structure 100 is illustrated by taking the open spiral ring structure shown in FIG. 5 c as an example, and the second microgroove structure 200 is illustrated by taking the complementary helical structure shown in FIG. 5 b as an example.

As shown in Figure 4, it is the front view of the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, in Figure 4, the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are asymmetric structures, wherein, the first microgroove structure 100 The second microgroove structure 200 is independent and has the same pattern, but the difference in size leads to the asymmetry of the structure, so that the resonant frequencies of the respective regions of the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are different. In this embodiment, both the first microgroove structure 100 and the second microgroove structure 200 are illustrated by taking the complementary helical structure shown in FIG. 5c as an example.

The present invention also provides an electronic tag, which includes a radio frequency identification tag antenna, and communicates with a reader-writer through the radio frequency identification tag antenna. The specific structural design of the radio frequency identification tag antenna is the same as the above radio frequency identification reader antenna, that is, the content described above is also applicable to the radio frequency identification tag antenna in the electronic tag, so it will not be described again.

The present invention also provides a radio frequency identification system. As shown in FIG. 9 , the radio frequency identification system 900 includes at least an electronic tag 901 and a reader 902 , and the reader 902 includes the antenna of the radio frequency identification reader as described above. When the radio frequency identification system 900 is working, the reader 902 sends a radio frequency signal through the antenna of the radio frequency identification reader, and the electronic tag 901 receives the read and write instructions sent by the reader 902 through the tag antenna, and returns the radio frequency signal to respond, and the ID The serial number and item information are transmitted to the reader-writer 902, so as to realize the automatic identification of the item.

The present invention also provides another radio frequency identification system. As shown in FIG. 10, the radio frequency identification system 1000 includes at least an electronic tag 1001 and a reader 1002. An RFID tag antenna with the same structure as the tag antenna. When the radio frequency identification system 1000 is working, the reader 1002 sends a radio frequency signal through the reader antenna, and the electronic tag 1001 receives the read and write instructions sent by the reader 1002 through the radio frequency identification tag antenna, and returns a radio frequency signal to respond, and the ID The serial number and item information are transmitted to the reader-writer 1002, thereby realizing automatic identification of the item.

The application of RFID is very extensive. At present, typical applications include animal chip, car chip anti-theft device, access control, parking lot control, production line automation, material management and so on. At least the asymmetrical first micro-groove structure and the second micro-groove structure are engraved on the metal sheet of the antenna, so multiple resonance points can be easily generated, and the resonance points are not easy to cancel, and it is easy to realize multi-mode resonance.

Embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementations, and the above-mentioned specific implementations are only illustrative, rather than restrictive, and those of ordinary skill in the art will Under the enlightenment of the present invention, many forms can also be made without departing from the gist of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, and these all belong to the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a read write line, communicate with electronic tag, comprise radio frequency identification reader antenna, described radio frequency identification reader antenna comprises feeder line and sheet metal, described feeder line is arranged around sheet metal, and by sheet metal described in coupling scheme feed-in, it is characterized in that: described sheet metal is at least engraved asymmetrical first micro groove structure and the second micro groove structure that link together, described antenna is made to have at least three different resonance band, wherein, the pattern of described first micro groove structure and the second micro groove structure, size and/or locus are different.

2. read write line according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described feeder line does not contact with described sheet metal, by sheet metal described in the feed-in of capacitive coupling mode.

3. read write line according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described feeder line is by can connecting described sheet metal and make described feeder line by sheet metal described in inductive coupled mode feed-in by short circuit point.

4. read write line according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first micro groove structure is complementary opening resonance loop structure, a kind of in complementary helix structure, opening helical ring structure, two opening helical ring structure and complementary folding line structure or derived by several structure above, micro groove structure that compound or group battle array obtain;

Described second micro groove structure is complementary opening resonance loop structure, a kind of in complementary helix structure, opening helical ring structure, two opening helical ring structure and complementary folding line structure or derived by several structure above, micro groove structure that compound or group battle array obtain.

5. an electronic tag, communicate with read write line, comprise RFID antenna, described RFID antenna comprises feeder line and sheet metal, described feeder line is arranged around sheet metal, and by sheet metal described in coupling scheme feed-in, it is characterized in that: described sheet metal is at least engraved asymmetrical first micro groove structure and the second micro groove structure that link together, described antenna is made to have at least three different resonance band, wherein, the pattern of described first micro groove structure and the second micro groove structure, size and/or locus are different.

6. electronic tag according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described feeder line does not contact with described sheet metal, by sheet metal described in the feed-in of capacitive coupling mode.

7. electronic tag according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described feeder line is by can connecting described sheet metal and make described feeder line by sheet metal described in inductive coupled mode feed-in by short circuit point.

8. electronic tag according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described first micro groove structure is complementary opening resonance loop structure, a kind of in complementary helix structure, opening helical ring structure, two opening helical ring structure and complementary folding line structure or derived by several structure above, micro groove structure that compound or group battle array obtain;

Described second micro groove structure is complementary opening resonance loop structure, a kind of in complementary helix structure, opening helical ring structure, two opening helical ring structure and complementary folding line structure or derived by several structure above, micro groove structure that compound or group battle array obtain.

9. a radio-frequency recognition system, is characterized in that, at least comprise electronic tag and the read write line as described in any one of Claims 1 to 4, described read write line is communicated with described electronic tag by radio frequency identification reader antenna.

10. a radio-frequency recognition system, is characterized in that, at least comprise read write line and the electronic tag as described in any one of claim 5 ~ 8, described electronic tag is communicated with described read write line by RFID antenna.